A flying plug variable-gauge through-the-hole device and through-the-hole assembly

Abstract

The application discloses a flying piece type variable-diameter through-well device. The method comprises the following steps: a body, a supporting assembly and a flying piece; the body is provided with plug holes and internal flow channels communicating with the plug holes; the supporting assembly comprises a supporting plug and a lock ring, the supporting plug is slidably arranged in the plug hole, the lock ring is fixedly arranged in the plug hole, the lock ring is located at the outer end of the supporting plug, the supporting plug can be extended under the action of liquid pressure of the internal flow channel and can be retracted after the internal flow channel is depressurized, the inner diameter of the lock ring is smaller than the outer diameter of the inner end of the supporting plug, so that the moving distance of the supporting plug is limited; at least two grooves are arranged on the body in the axial direction, the flying piece is arranged in correspondence with the grooves, and the projection of the groove on the radial section of the body is circumferentially distributed; the flying piece is fixedly connected with the supporting plug and can be extended out of the groove or retracted into the groove along with the sliding of the supporting plug. The through-well operation demand of different specifications and sizes of casings can be met, the through-well gauge does not need to be replaced when the pipe diameter changes, the through-well operation efficiency is improved, and the construction cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oil and gas development and well workover technology, and in particular to a flying-plate type variable diameter well-gumming device and well-gumming components. Background Technology

[0002] Wireline work involves controlling a wire wound around a winch drum, using mechanical lifting, lowering, and rapid vibration to manipulate downhole tools. Specialized tools allow tools and instruments to be deployed from the surface to a designated location downhole; retrieve tools and instruments already downhole; change the status of downhole valves; and salvage foreign objects that have fallen into the well.

[0003] Wireline work is extremely risky. Downhole conditions are complex and varied, including tubing deformation, foreign object blockage, wax buildup in the wellbore, and sand burial, all of which cannot be observed visually and rely entirely on operational experience. In the event of an accident, considerable time and appropriate measures are required to handle it. For these reasons, the first step in any wireline work must be to calibrate the tubing string with a properly sized well gauge. This ensures the downhole tubing is unobstructed, free from deformation, and meets operational requirements; it also removes wax, rust, and rock cuttings from the tubing wall, facilitating subsequent operations; and it allows for the recording of wireline tension data at the target working depth, providing a reference for later operations. Without calibrating, hastily lowering tools may result in the inability to complete the operation properly, tool string jamming, or even wireline breakage. Therefore, calibrating with a well gauge is the first, essential, and irreplaceable step in all wireline work.

[0004] As oilfield development enters its mid-to-late stages, the underground technical condition of production wells is deteriorating, particularly with a year-on-year increase in wells experiencing casing deformation and damage, posing significant challenges to operations. Especially during well workover operations, the unpredictable deformation of the underground casing frequently leads to serious accidents such as stuck pipe during well cleaning. Stuck pipe not only disrupts normal production but can also result in substantial economic losses, including well abandonment. Since casing deformation and damage are currently uncontrollable, the only way to prevent stuck pipe accidents is by modifying the well cleaning process. The main cause of stuck pipe is the alteration of the casing's inner diameter or corrosion and scaling on the casing's inner wall, while the outer diameter of the well cleaning gauge cannot be changed, leading to compression and subsequent accidents.

[0005] As oil and water wells gradually move towards deeper formations, the difficulty, cost, and cycle of operations increase. Well workover processes are relatively independent, and traditional well cleaning processes usually use a single fixed-size well gauge for well cleaning operations. When the well diameter changes, the well gauge needs to be replaced. A single operation requires the use of different sizes of well gauges for well workover, resulting in low work efficiency, long construction cycles, and relatively high labor intensity. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the above problems, in order to improve the efficiency of well cleaning operations, adapt to different well diameter variations, and test casing of various specifications and sizes, this invention is proposed to provide a fly-blade type variable diameter well cleaning device and well cleaning assembly that overcomes or at least partially solves the above problems, so as to improve the efficiency of well cleaning operations and reduce construction costs.

[0007] This invention provides a fly-blade type variable diameter wellbore device, comprising: a body, a support assembly, and fly-blades;

[0008] The main body is provided with plug holes and internal flow channels connecting each plug hole;

[0009] The support assembly includes a support plug and a locking ring. The support plug is slidably installed in the plug hole, and the locking ring is fixedly installed in the plug hole. The locking ring is located at the outer end of the support plug. The support plug can extend under the liquid pressure of the internal flow channel and retract after the internal flow channel is depressurized. The inner diameter of the locking ring is smaller than the outer diameter of the inner end of the support plug to limit the movement distance of the support plug.

[0010] The main body has at least two grooves along the axial direction, and the fly piece is arranged corresponding to the groove. The projection of the groove on the radial section of the main body is circumferentially distributed. The fly piece is fixedly connected to the support plug and can extend out of the groove or retract into the groove as the support plug slides.

[0011] In some alternative embodiments, a reset component is also included;

[0012] The main body is also provided with a reset component mounting hole for mounting the reset component;

[0013] The reset assembly includes a reset spring, a first pressure plate assembly for fixing the inner end of the reset spring to the body, and a first pressure plate assembly for fixing the outer end of the reset spring to the flyer piece.

[0014] In some alternative embodiments, the support plug and the reset component are spaced apart and arranged crosswise.

[0015] In some optional embodiments, a pressure regulating mechanism for adjusting the internal flow channel pressure is also included, wherein the body is provided with a pressure regulating mechanism mounting hole for mounting the pressure regulating mechanism, and the pressure regulating mechanism mounting hole communicates with the internal flow channel;

[0016] When the pressure difference between the internal flow channel pressure and the external pressure of the body is greater than a set pressure difference threshold, the pressure regulating mechanism opens to reduce the internal flow channel pressure until the pressure difference between the internal flow channel pressure and the external pressure of the body is no greater than the set pressure difference threshold, at which point the pressure regulating mechanism closes.

[0017] In some optional embodiments, the pressure regulating mechanism includes a pressure regulating plug, an adjusting pin, a pressure regulating spring, and a pressure regulating ball;

[0018] The pressure regulating plug is fixedly installed in the mounting hole of the pressure regulating mechanism, and the pressure regulating plug has a central through hole;

[0019] The central through hole of the constant pressure plug includes a threaded hole section, a smooth hole section and a tapered hole section arranged in sequence;

[0020] The pressure ball is located in the tapered hole section, the adjusting pin is installed in the threaded hole section, and the pressure spring is located between the pressure ball and the adjusting pin.

[0021] In some alternative embodiments, the pressure differential that the constant pressure mechanism can withstand is adjusted by changing the screw-in length of the adjusting pin.

[0022] In some optional embodiments, a pressure relief mechanism is also included;

[0023] The pressure relief mechanism includes a pressure relief sleeve and a pressure relief pin. The pressure relief sleeve is installed in the central through hole at the upper end of the internal flow channel of the body. A pressure relief seal is provided between the pressure relief sleeve and the body.

[0024] The main body is provided with a pressure relief pin hole and a pressure relief hole; the pressure relief sleeve is provided with a pressure relief pin groove, the pressure relief pin is fixedly installed in the pressure relief pin hole, and one end of the pressure relief pin extends into the pressure relief pin groove;

[0025] The upper end of the inner hole of the pressure relief sleeve has a tapered structure to accommodate the pressure relief ball.

[0026] In some alternative embodiments, the pressure relief pin is designed to be sheared off by pressure above the wellbore after the pressure relief ball is inserted into the conical structure of the pressure relief sleeve.

[0027] After the pressure relief pin is cut short, the pressure relief sleeve moves downward, allowing the internal flow channel of the body to connect with the outside of the body through the pressure relief hole, thereby achieving pressure relief.

[0028] This invention provides a wellbore cleaning assembly, comprising at least two of the aforementioned fly-blade type variable diameter wellbore cleaning devices connected in series.

[0029] This invention provides a well-clearing method using the aforementioned fly-blade type variable diameter well-clearing device. The method includes:

[0030] Connect the fly-plate type variable diameter well-through device to the lower end of the tubing string, keep the internal pressure of the tubing string greater than the preset first pressure threshold, so that the fly-plate type variable diameter well-through device is in an expanded state, and lower the tubing string into the casing.

[0031] If the tubing is obstructed during descent, record the depth of obstruction and depressurize the tubing string to allow the flyplates of the flyplate-type variable diameter well-drilling device to retract, and continue descent of the tubing string.

[0032] If the well cannot pass through even after reducing the diameter to the minimum, record the depth of obstruction and pull up the tubing string to end the well cleaning process.

[0033] In some optional embodiments, prior to the upper body tubing string, the following is also included:

[0034] A pressure relief ball is inserted into the pressure relief sleeve. The pressure relief ball falls into the conical structure of the pressure relief sleeve, and pressure is applied to the oil tubing string. The pressure relief sleeve moves downward and shears the pressure relief pin, and continues to move downward, so that the internal flow channel of the body is connected to the outside of the body through the pressure relief hole, thereby realizing pressure relief.

[0035] The beneficial effects of the above-described technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention include at least the following:

[0036] The fly-plate type variable diameter well-clearing device provided in this invention features a support plug and fly-plates on its main body. Through the pressure difference between the internal flow channel and the external environment, the fly-plates extend or retract relative to the main body, thereby changing the overall outer diameter of the device. This allows the well-clearing device to achieve diameter changes during well-clearing operations. Even with changes in casing size, there is no need to change the well-clearing gauge, thus adapting to well-clearing operations requiring different casing sizes. A single well-clearing operation can be completed without using different well-clearing gauges, improving efficiency and reducing construction costs. The fly-plates are staggered axially and evenly distributed circumferentially in the radial section, enabling the device to detect any diameter reduction in the wellbore from all directions during well-clearing.

[0037] The device also includes a reset assembly to ensure smoother retraction of the flyer blades after pressure relief. It further includes a pressure regulating device to better control the internal and external pressure difference, thereby controlling the extension degree of the flyer blades. Finally, it includes a pressure relief device to further ensure the flyer blades retract after operation.

[0038] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the structures particularly pointed out in the written description, claims, and drawings.

[0039] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0040] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0041] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the flying plate type variable diameter well-connecting device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 This is a partial enlarged view of the flying-plate type variable diameter well-connection device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 3 This is a partial enlarged view of the flying-plate type variable diameter well-connection device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 4 This is a structural example diagram of the well-through assembly in a necked-out state in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the well-drainage assembly in the unpressurized state after the pressure relief ball has been inserted, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the pressurization state of the well-through assembly after the pressure relief ball is inserted in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the expansion state of the well passage component in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 8 This is a flowchart of the well-drainage method in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 9 This is a process example diagram illustrating the well-clearing assembly's well-clearing operation within the casing in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the casing necking position encountered by the well-through assembly in the expanded state in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the wellbore assembly encountering the casing neck position in a necked-up state in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0052] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0053] 100. Flying plate type variable diameter wellbore device;

[0054] 1. Body; 2. Support assembly; 3. Flying plate; 4. Reset assembly; 5. Pressure regulating mechanism; 6. Pressure relief mechanism; 7. Guide head;

[0055] 11. Plug hole; 12. Internal flow channel; 13. Reset assembly mounting hole; 14. Pressure regulating mechanism mounting hole; 15. Pressure relief pin hole; 16. Pressure relief hole;

[0056] 21. Support plug; 22. Locking ring; 23. Support seal; 24. Fixing pin;

[0057] 41. Return spring; 42. First pressure plate assembly; 43. Second pressure plate assembly; 421. Pressure plate; 422. Pressure plate bolt; 423. Pressure plate nut;

[0058] 51. Pressure regulating plug; 52. Adjusting pin; 53. Pressure regulating spring; 54. Pressure regulating ball;

[0059] 61. Pressure relief sleeve; 62. Pressure relief pin; 63. Pressure relief seal; 64. Pressure relief ball; 611. Pressure relief pin groove. Detailed Implementation

[0060] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0061] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0062] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0063] To address the problem in existing technologies where different sizes of well gauges need to be inserted for a single well cleaning operation, this invention provides a flying-plate type variable-diameter well cleaning device. This device can change the diameter during the well cleaning process, thereby eliminating the need to insert different sizes of well gauges for a single well cleaning operation, improving operational efficiency, shortening construction time, and reducing construction costs.

[0064] This invention provides a flying-plate type variable-diameter wellbore cleaning device, the structure of which is as follows: Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3As shown, where Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device. Figure 2 This is an enlarged view of a portion of the structure, including the pressure regulating mechanism and the pressure relieving mechanism. Figure 3 This is an enlarged view of a portion of the structure, including the support assembly and the reset assembly. The fly-blade type variable diameter wellbore access device includes: a body 1, a support assembly 2, and fly-blades 3.

[0065] The main body 1 is provided with plug holes 11 and internal flow channels 12 connecting each plug hole.

[0066] The support assembly 2 includes a support plug 21 and a locking ring 22. The support plug 21 is slidably installed in the plug hole 11, and the locking ring 22 is fixedly installed in the plug hole. The locking ring 22 is located at the outer end of the support plug 21. The support plug 21 can extend under the action of liquid pressure in the internal flow channel and retract after the internal flow channel is depressurized. The inner diameter of the locking ring 22 is smaller than the outer diameter of the inner end of the support plug 21 to limit the movement distance of the support plug 21.

[0067] The main body 1 has at least two grooves along the axial direction, and the fly piece 3 is arranged corresponding to the groove. The projection of the groove on the radial section of the main body 1 is circumferentially distributed. The fly piece 3 is fixedly connected to the support plug 21 and can extend out of the groove or retract into the groove as the support plug 21 slides.

[0068] See Figure 1 As shown, taking a fly-blade type variable diameter well-drilling device with two fly-blades as an example, it is optional to set three, four, five, six, or more fly-blades. When two fly-blades are set, they are symmetrically arranged, and the inner surface of the fly-blade 3 can fit against the outer surface of the groove on the main body, that is, the fly-blade is designed to be arc-shaped. When multiple fly-blades are set, they are arranged sequentially along the axial direction and evenly distributed around the circumference of the central axis. That is, the projections of the multiple fly-blades on the interface perpendicular to the central axis are evenly distributed around the circumference. When used in the wellbore, it can better maintain straight forward movement and avoid tilting as much as possible. Furthermore, the projections of the multiple fly-blades on the interface perpendicular to the central axis can form a closed ring, so that the diameter reduction situation occurring at any position in the wellbore can not be missed during the well-drilling process, and well-drilling can be achieved from all azimuth angles.

[0069] Each flyer piece 3 is connected to the body 1 via a support assembly. A flyer piece 3 can be connected to the body 1 via at least two support assemblies, thus ensuring a more balanced force distribution after connection. See also... Figure 3As shown, the support plug 21 is a cylindrical plug with a stepped shaft structure. It can slide in the plug hole 11. After sliding out a certain length, it is blocked by the locking ring 22 and stops extending further, reaching its maximum extension length. The fly piece also reaches its maximum expansion diameter. Optionally, the larger diameter end of the support plug 21 is provided with a sealing groove, in which a supporting seal 23 is provided to achieve a seal with the internal flow channel. The smaller diameter end of the support plug 21 is provided with a threaded hole to cooperate with the fixing pin 24 to achieve a fixed connection with the fly piece 3. The outer end of the plug hole 11 is provided with an internal thread, which cooperates with the external thread on the locking ring 22 to achieve a fixed connection with the locking ring 22. That is to say, the fixing pin 24 and the fly piece 3 are threadedly connected, and the locking ring 22 and the body 1 are threadedly connected. It can be understood that the connection between the components of the support assembly can be in the manner shown in the figure, or other feasible methods can be used.

[0070] The fly-plate type variable diameter well-clearing device provided in this invention is a type of variable diameter well-clearing gauge. It features a support plug and fly-plates on its main body. Through the pressure difference between the internal flow channel and the external environment, the fly-plates extend or retract relative to the main body, thereby changing the overall outer diameter of the device. This allows the well-clearing device to achieve diameter changes during well-clearing operations. Even with changes in casing size, there is no need to change the well-clearing gauge, adapting to the well-clearing needs of different casing sizes. A single well-clearing operation can be completed without using different well-clearing gauges, improving efficiency and reducing construction costs. The fly-plates of this device are staggered axially and evenly distributed circumferentially in the radial section, allowing the device to detect any diameter reduction at any location within the wellbore during well-clearing.

[0071] In some optional embodiments, the above-mentioned flyer-type variable diameter well-through device further includes a reset assembly 4; the main body 1 is also provided with a reset assembly mounting hole 13 for installing the reset assembly 4; the reset assembly 4 includes a reset spring 41, a first pressure plate assembly 42 for fixing the inner end of the reset spring 41 to the main body 1, and a second pressure plate assembly 43 for fixing the outer end of the reset spring 41 to the flyer 3. After internal depressurization, when the external pressure is insufficient to retract the flyer, the reset assembly 4 can ensure that the flyer is reset more smoothly.

[0072] The structures of the first tablet pressing assembly 42 and the second tablet pressing assembly 43 can be the same or different, as long as they can respectively fix the two ends of the spring. Figure 3 Taking the same example, the first pressing assembly 42 includes a pressing plate 421, a pressing bolt 422, and a pressing nut 423. The pressing plate 421 presses one end of the spring, and the pressing bolt 422 and the pressing nut 423 fix the pressing plate 421 to the fly plate 3 or to the body 1.

[0073] Optionally, the support plug 21 and the reset assembly 4 are spaced apart and cross each other so that the flyer is subjected to uniform force when it extends and retracts.

[0074] In some optional embodiments, the above-mentioned flying plate type variable diameter well-through device further includes a pressure regulating mechanism 5 for adjusting the internal flow channel pressure. The main body 1 is provided with a pressure regulating mechanism mounting hole 14 for mounting the pressure regulating mechanism 5. The pressure regulating mechanism mounting hole is connected to the internal flow channel. When the pressure difference between the internal flow channel pressure and the external pressure of the main body 1 is greater than a set pressure difference threshold, the pressure regulating mechanism 5 is opened to reduce the internal flow channel pressure. The pressure regulating mechanism 5 is closed until the pressure difference between the internal flow channel pressure and the external pressure of the main body is not greater than the set pressure difference threshold.

[0075] Optional, see Figure 2 As shown, the pressure regulating mechanism 5 includes a pressure regulating plug 51, an adjusting pin 52, a pressure regulating spring 53, and a pressure regulating ball 54. The pressure regulating plug 51 is fixedly installed in the mounting hole of the pressure regulating mechanism and has a central through hole. The central through hole of the pressure regulating plug 51 includes a threaded hole section, a smooth hole section, and a tapered hole section arranged sequentially. The pressure regulating ball 54 is located in the tapered hole section, the adjusting pin 52 is installed in the threaded hole section, and the pressure regulating spring 53 is located between the pressure regulating ball 54 and the adjusting pin 52. The pressure difference that the pressure regulating mechanism 5 can withstand is adjusted by changing the screw-in length of the adjusting pin 52.

[0076] like Figure 2 As shown, when the internal pressure is greater than the external pressure, and the pressure difference reaches a certain value, the pressure generated exceeds the elastic force of the constant pressure spring 53. The constant pressure ball 54 is then pushed towards the constant pressure spring 53, connecting the internal and external passages. The length of the adjusting pin 52 inserted into the inner hole of the constant pressure plug 51 can be adjusted. Different insertion lengths result in different pressures generated by the spring, and thus different internal and external pressure differences are required for the constant pressure ball 54 to open. By setting the constant pressure mechanism 5, the maximum pressure bearing capacity of the internal flow channel can be adjusted. The maximum pressure bearing capacity is the internal and external pressure difference, ΔP = internal pressure P of the device. 内 - External pressure P of the device 外 Under normal well conditions, the maximum ΔP is set to a given value, such as 5 MPa. If the internal pressure exceeds 5 MPa, this pressure regulating mechanism will open, releasing some of the internal pressure and restoring it to the given value, which is 5 MPa.

[0077] In some optional embodiments, the above-mentioned flying vane type variable diameter well-through device further includes a pressure relief mechanism 6; the pressure relief mechanism 6 includes a pressure relief sleeve 61 and a pressure relief pin 62, the pressure relief sleeve 61 is installed in the central through hole at the upper end of the internal flow channel of the body 1, and a pressure relief seal 63 is provided between the pressure relief sleeve 61 and the body 1; the body 1 is provided with a pressure relief pin hole 15 and a pressure relief hole 16; the pressure relief sleeve 61 is provided with a pressure relief pin groove 611, and the pressure relief pin 62 is fixedly installed in the pressure relief pin hole 15, with one end of the pressure relief pin 62 extending into the pressure relief pin groove 611; the upper end of the inner hole of the pressure relief sleeve 61 has a conical structure to accommodate a pressure relief ball 64.

[0078] The pressure relief pin 62 is used to be sheared by the pressure above the wellbore after the pressure relief ball 64 is inserted into the conical structure of the pressure relief sleeve 61; after the pressure relief pin 62 is shortened, the pressure relief sleeve 61 moves down, so that the internal flow channel of the body 1 is connected to the outside of the body through the pressure relief hole 16, thereby realizing pressure relief.

[0079] After construction is completed, the tubing and this device need to be retrieved from the well. To facilitate retrieval, the flywheel needs to be in a retracted state, and the internal and external pressures of the device need to be balanced, i.e., equalized. Therefore, before retrieval, a pressure-relieving steel ball is inserted. The steel ball stops falling at the conical structure of the pressure-relieving sleeve 61, and the wellhead tubing is pressurized. Under this hydraulic force, the pressure-relieving pin 62 shears off, and the hydraulic pressure continues to push the pressure-relieving sleeve 61 downwards, thus opening the pressure-relieving hole 16. Pressurization stops, and the fluid inside and outside the tubing flows through the pressure-relieving hole 16, thereby balancing the internal and external pressures. After balancing, the device can be retrieved smoothly.

[0080] This invention also provides a wellbore cleaning assembly, which may include one or more of the above-described fly-blade type variable diameter wellbore cleaning devices. See [link to previous document]. Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 The diagram shows at least two tandem fly-plate type variable diameter wellbore ducting devices 100. Each fly-plate type variable diameter wellbore ducting device has a threaded hole at its upper end and a threaded connector at its lower end. Adjacent fly-plate type variable diameter wellbore ducting devices are threadedly connected via the threaded hole and the threaded connector. A guide head 7 can be connected below the threaded connector of the lowermost fly-plate type variable diameter wellbore ducting device, and a tubing string can be connected to the threaded hole of the uppermost fly-plate type variable diameter wellbore ducting device. Figure 4 , 5 The 6-type variable diameter wellbore device is in a necked-out state. Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the situation without the pressure relief ball being deployed. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the tubing string before pressure is applied after the pressure relief ball has been inserted. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the pressure relief ball being inserted and pressurized. Figure 7 The Zhongfei plate type variable diameter well-through device is in an expanded state.

[0081] from Figure 6 and Figure 7 As can be seen, after the pressure relief ball is inserted, in the unpressurized state, the pressure relief sleeve is located at the pressure relief hole position. Due to the action of the pressure relief seal 63, the pressure relief hole is not connected with the internal flow channel. After pressurization, the pressure relief pin 32 is sheared, and the pressure relief sleeve 61 moves downward to connect the pressure relief hole 16 with the internal flow channel.

[0082] Based on the same inventive concept, embodiments of the present invention provide a well-clearing method, implemented using the aforementioned fly-blade type variable diameter well-clearing device. The method flow is as follows: Figure 8 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0083] Step S101: Connect the fly-plate type variable diameter well-through device to the lower end of the tubing string, keep the internal pressure of the tubing string greater than the preset first pressure threshold, so that the fly-plate of the fly-plate type variable diameter well-through device is in an expanded state, and lower the tubing string into the casing.

[0084] Connect the fly-blade type reducing wellbore device to the bottom of the tubing string. See the connection method below. Figure 9 , Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown. The upper diameter of the casing is larger than the lower diameter; for example, the upper end is a 7-inch casing and the lower end is a 5-inch casing. Maintaining the internal pressure of the tubing at a given value, such as 5 MPa, the fly-blade type reducing wellbore duct is in an expanded state. See [link / reference]. Figure 9 As shown, the tubing string is lowered into the casing, and the fly-plate variable diameter wellbore device descends along with the tubing string inside the 7-inch casing.

[0085] Step S102: If the descent is obstructed, record the obstruction depth and depressurize the tubing string to retract the flyplates of the flyplate-type variable diameter well-drilling device, and continue descent of the tubing string.

[0086] See Figure 10 As shown, when the tubing string is lowered into the casing, the fly-blade reducing wellbore ducting device encounters a casing necking point in the 7-inch casing, as shown in necking point 1 and necking point 2 in the figure. The depth of resistance encountered in the 7-inch casing is recorded. After depressurizing the tubing string to a certain extent, it can pass through the necking point, and the tubing string can continue to be lowered.

[0087] Each time resistance is encountered, the degree of pressure relief and the extent of flyer retraction can be determined according to the needs of the necking position. For example, pressure relief can be performed according to a preset pressure relief gradient, stopping once the resistance is overcome. That is, try to relieve pressure by a small amount first, such as reducing the pressure by a given value, and retracting the flyer by a small size. If it can pass, continue lowering. If it cannot pass, continue to relieve pressure by a small amount, such as reducing the pressure by another given value, and retracting the flyer by another small size, and so on, until it can pass or shrinks to the minimum diameter.

[0088] See Figure 11 As shown, after being lowered to the casing changeover position of the 7-inch and 5-inch casings, it encountered resistance again and was depressurized again. The fly-plate type variable diameter well-through device fly-plate retracted completely. After the device was reduced to its minimum diameter, it continued to be lowered into the 5-inch casing.

[0089] Step S103: If the well cannot pass through even after reducing the diameter to the minimum, record the depth of obstruction and lift the tubing string to end the well cleaning process.

[0090] See Figure 11 As shown, after encountering a necking position again in the 5-inch casing, as shown in necking position 3 in the figure, if the device cannot pass through even after reducing its diameter to the minimum, the depth of the obstruction is recorded, and the tubing string is pulled up to end the well cleaning process. The device is then pulled out of the wellhead along with the tubing string.

[0091] In some optional embodiments, the above method further includes: before the upper body tubing string, inserting a pressure relief ball into the pressure relief sleeve, the pressure relief ball falling into the conical structure of the pressure relief sleeve, applying pressure to the tubing string on the pressure relief ball and the pressure relief sleeve, the pressure relief sleeve moving downward to shear the pressure relief pin and continuing to move downward, so that the internal flow channel of the body is connected to the outside of the body through the pressure relief hole, thereby realizing pressure relief.

[0092] The device also includes a reset assembly to ensure smoother retraction of the flyer blades after pressure relief. It further includes a pressure regulating device to better control the internal and external pressure difference, thereby controlling the extension degree of the flyer blades. Finally, it includes a pressure relief device to further ensure the flyer blades retract after operation.

[0093] The aforementioned device has an extremely compact structure, with the main body approximating a cylindrical shape. The top of the main body features a female thread that connects to the wellbore string. Several interconnected channels are drilled inside the main body, ultimately connecting to the leftmost inner cavity to form a hydraulic passage. The fly vane 3 is fixed to the support plug 21 via a fixing pin 24. When wellbore drilling is required within a 7-inch casing, high-pressure water is injected into the device. The high-pressure water flows through the internal channels, compressing the bottom of the support plug and creating a piston effect, thus pushing the support plug 21 out. Due to the presence of the locking ring 22, the support plug 21 will not fall off, ultimately reaching a predetermined outer diameter, allowing wellbore drilling within larger diameter casings. When the internal pressure is released, the fly vane retracts due to the tension of the return spring, and the support plug, under the pressure of the external fluid, also retracts to its initial contracted state, allowing wellbore drilling within smaller diameter casings.

[0094] The method and apparatus described in this invention utilize a well-drilling device with a variable outer diameter. This device can change to different outer diameters, which can be achieved by adjusting the internal and external pressure difference, making well-drilling operations simple and convenient. This device can be used for well-drilling operations inside 7-inch casing, 5-inch casing, or other casings of different sizes. A single run of the working tubing can complete the well-drilling operation for casings of different sizes.

[0095] This device can withstand certain bottomhole temperatures and pressures, achieving temperature and pressure resistance during well cleaning. It can be used in oil wells, water wells, vertical wells, horizontal wells, and other well types, making it widely applicable. The device allows for multi-point well cleaning within the casing, enabling the identification of multiple casing diameter reduction points while running out the next tubing string. It also features an anti-sticking function; if stuck inside the casing, the device can appropriately reduce its diameter to release the sticking. This device can complete well cleaning operations with casings of different sizes in a single tubing string run, significantly reducing construction costs. Furthermore, it is simple to use and easy to operate.

[0096] It should be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the disclosed process is an example of an exemplary method. Based on design preferences, it should be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the process may be rearranged without departing from the scope of this disclosure. The appended method claims provide elements of various steps in an exemplary order and are not intended to limit the specific order or hierarchy described.

[0097] In the detailed description above, various features are combined together in a single embodiment to simplify this disclosure. This approach to disclosure should not be construed as reflecting an intention that embodiments of the claimed subject matter require more features than are explicitly stated in each claim. Rather, as reflected in the appended claims, the invention is presented with fewer features than all of the features in a single disclosed embodiment. Therefore, the appended claims are hereby explicitly incorporated into the detailed description, with each claim representing a separate preferred embodiment of the invention.

[0098] The foregoing description includes examples of one or more embodiments. It is certainly impossible to describe all possible combinations of components or methods in order to describe the above embodiments, but those skilled in the art will recognize that further combinations and arrangements of the various embodiments are possible. Therefore, the embodiments described herein are intended to cover all such changes, modifications, and variations that fall within the scope of the appended claims. Furthermore, the term "comprising" as used in the specification or claims is interpreted in a manner similar to the term "including," as interpreted when used as a conjunction in the claims. Additionally, the use of any term "or" in the specification of the claims is intended to mean "non-exclusive or."

Claims

1. A flying-plate type variable diameter well-connection device, characterized in that, include: Body, support components, and flyer plate; The main body is provided with plug holes and internal flow channels connecting each plug hole; The support assembly includes a support plug and a locking ring. The support plug is slidably installed in the plug hole, and the locking ring is fixedly installed in the plug hole. The locking ring is located at the outer end of the support plug. The support plug can extend under the liquid pressure of the internal flow channel and retract after the internal flow channel is depressurized. The inner diameter of the locking ring is smaller than the outer diameter of the inner end of the support plug to limit the movement distance of the support plug. The main body has at least two grooves along the axial direction, and the fly piece is arranged corresponding to the groove. The projection of the groove on the radial section of the main body is circumferentially distributed. The fly piece is fixedly connected to the support plug and can extend out of the groove or retract into the groove as the support plug slides.

2. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a reset component; The main body is also provided with a reset component mounting hole for mounting the reset component; The reset assembly includes a reset spring, a first pressure plate assembly for fixing the inner end of the reset spring to the body, and a first pressure plate assembly for fixing the outer end of the reset spring to the flyer piece.

3. The apparatus as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The support plug and the reset component are arranged at intervals and cross each other.

4. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a pressure regulating mechanism for adjusting the pressure of the internal flow channel. The main body is provided with a pressure regulating mechanism mounting hole for mounting the pressure regulating mechanism, and the pressure regulating mechanism mounting hole is connected to the internal flow channel. When the pressure difference between the internal flow channel pressure and the external pressure of the body is greater than a set pressure difference threshold, the pressure regulating mechanism opens to reduce the internal flow channel pressure until the pressure difference between the internal flow channel pressure and the external pressure of the body is no greater than the set pressure difference threshold, at which point the pressure regulating mechanism closes.

5. The apparatus as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The pressure regulating mechanism includes a pressure regulating plug, an adjusting pin, a pressure regulating spring, and a pressure regulating ball; The pressure regulating plug is fixedly installed in the mounting hole of the pressure regulating mechanism, and the pressure regulating plug has a central through hole; The central through hole of the constant pressure plug includes a threaded hole section, a smooth hole section and a tapered hole section arranged in sequence; The pressure ball is located in the tapered hole section, the adjusting pin is installed in the threaded hole section, and the pressure spring is located between the pressure ball and the adjusting pin.

6. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure difference that the constant pressure mechanism can withstand is adjusted by changing the screw insertion length.

7. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a pressure relief mechanism; The pressure relief mechanism includes a pressure relief sleeve and a pressure relief pin. The pressure relief sleeve is installed in the central through hole at the upper end of the internal flow channel of the body. A pressure relief seal is provided between the pressure relief sleeve and the body. The main body is provided with a pressure relief pin hole and a pressure relief hole; the pressure relief sleeve is provided with a pressure relief pin groove, the pressure relief pin is fixedly installed in the pressure relief pin hole, and one end of the pressure relief pin extends into the pressure relief pin groove; The upper end of the inner hole of the pressure relief sleeve has a tapered structure to accommodate the pressure relief ball.

8. The apparatus as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that, The pressure relief pin is used to be sheared off by the pressure above the wellbore after the pressure relief ball is inserted into the conical structure of the pressure relief sleeve; After the pressure relief pin is cut short, the pressure relief sleeve moves downward, allowing the internal flow channel of the body to connect with the outside of the body through the pressure relief hole, thereby achieving pressure relief.

9. A well-drainage assembly, characterized in that, include: At least two fly-plate type variable diameter well-through devices as described in any one of claims 1-9, connected in series.

10. A well-drainage method, characterized in that, This is achieved using the fly-plate type variable diameter wellbore device as described in any one of claims 1-9, the method comprising: Connect the fly-plate type variable diameter well-through device to the lower end of the tubing string, keep the internal pressure of the tubing string greater than the preset first pressure threshold, so that the fly-plate type variable diameter well-through device is in an expanded state, and lower the tubing string into the casing. If the tubing is obstructed during descent, record the depth of obstruction and depressurize the tubing string to allow the flyplates of the flyplate-type variable diameter well-drilling device to retract, and continue descent of the tubing string. If the well cannot pass through even after reducing the diameter to the minimum, record the depth of obstruction and pull up the tubing string to end the well cleaning process.

11. The method as described in claim 10, characterized in that, Before the upper tubing string, it also includes: A pressure relief ball is inserted into the pressure relief sleeve. The pressure relief ball falls into the conical structure of the pressure relief sleeve, and pressure is applied to the oil tubing string. The pressure relief sleeve moves downward and shears the pressure relief pin, and continues to move downward, so that the internal flow channel of the body is connected to the outside of the body through the pressure relief hole, thereby realizing pressure relief.

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