A solid waste material-based transient peak shaving control system and method

Abstract

The application provides a kind of based on solid waste material's transient peak shaving control system and method, belongs to energy storage peak shaving technical field, it can at least partially solve the existing dependence on multi-step energy conversion and complex reactor system, system response speed is limited by chemical reaction kinetics, it is difficult to realize millisecond to second level fast power regulation problem, the application includes: power generation module, energy storage module and processor module, the application is provided with cesium tungsten bronze nanowire, the heat dissipation network of cesium tungsten bronze nanowire can be embedded in solid heat storage matrix of different materials, size, realize "embedded" integration and all-terrain adaptation;Setting liquid metal tendon driven valve has superfast response speed, high bearing capacity and fatigue resistance, can realize the opening and closing function of non-valve dead zone and no additional energy consumption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of energy storage and peak shaving technology, specifically relating to a transient peak shaving control system and method based on solid waste materials. Background Technology

[0002] Transient peak shaving control of solid waste materials refers to the use of energy storage or heat storage materials prepared from solid waste to rapidly absorb or release energy on a timescale of seconds to minutes, in order to smooth out peak flows, stabilize the operation of electric heating systems, and reduce costs and emissions. The core approach is to modify solid wastes such as steel slag, blast furnace slag, red mud, and fly ash into sensible heat, latent heat, or thermochemical energy storage media and coordinate them with pumps, valves, fans, heat exchangers, or power conversion devices. Through control algorithms, output can be rapidly adjusted when power demand fluctuates, while strictly adhering to boundary constraints such as temperature, pressure drop, and state of charge.

[0003] However, in existing technologies, such as the patent with publication number CN119042634A, the core technology is to solve the problem of spatiotemporal mismatch between heat supply and demand by coupling an organic solid waste pyrolysis heating subsystem with a thermochemical heat storage subsystem (based on the reversible reaction of calcium oxide / calcium carbonate). Although this technology achieves "peak shaving and valley filling" on the heating side by utilizing thermochemical heat storage, it still relies on multi-step energy conversion and complex reactor systems, such as pyrolysis devices, combustion furnaces, carbonation reactors, calcination reactors, and multiple heat exchange units. The system response speed is limited by chemical reaction kinetics, making it difficult to achieve rapid power regulation at the millisecond to second level. Therefore, we propose a transient peak-shaving control system and method based on solid waste materials. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, and to provide a transient peak-shaving control system and method based on solid waste materials.

[0005] This invention provides a transient peak-shaving control system based on solid waste materials, comprising: The power generation module is electrically connected to the power grid. An energy storage module, electrically connected to the power grid, includes an energy storage power regulation unit and a heat dissipation network disposed within the energy storage power regulation unit; and The processor module is electrically connected to the energy storage module; The energy storage power regulation unit includes a solid energy storage substrate, a phase change storage medium disposed inside the solid energy storage substrate, an electrothermal synergistic stimulation response layer wrapped around the phase change storage medium, and a drive valve disposed inside the solid energy storage substrate; the drive valve is connected to the heat dissipation network pipeline to regulate the flow rate of the heat exchange medium in the heat dissipation network during energy storage peak shaving.

[0006] Furthermore, the energy storage module also includes a feedback network, which includes a safety self-locking component connected to the drive valve and a sensor assembly disposed on the outer surface of the energy storage power regulation unit. The sensor assembly includes a graphene film temperature sensor, a surface acoustic wave strain sensor, and a microwave dielectric spectrometer.

[0007] Specifically, the solid-state energy storage substrate is wrapped with a fire-resistant fiber cotton shell, the phase change storage medium is paraffin, and the heat dissipation network includes cesium tungsten bronze nanowires, a flexible graphene layer wrapped around the cesium tungsten bronze nanowires, and a flow pipe connected to the drive valve pipeline. The flow pipe is disposed on the outer surface of the solid-state energy storage substrate.

[0008] Specifically, the thickness of the electrothermal synergistic stimulation response layer ranges from 420μm to 480μm, and the driving valve is a liquid metal tendon driving valve.

[0009] Preferably, the electric field modulation voltage of the heat dissipation network is applied in the range of 0V to 50V, and the phase transition temperature of the heat dissipation network is in the range of -30℃ to 60℃.

[0010] Specifically, the power generation module includes a power generation information acquisition unit, and the energy storage module further includes an energy storage information acquisition unit and an energy storage command transceiver unit. The power generation information acquisition unit and the energy storage information acquisition unit are connected to the processor module via optical fiber cables. Both the power generation information acquisition unit and the energy storage information acquisition unit include a temperature sensor and a heat flow meter.

[0011] Another aspect of the present invention provides a transient peak-shaving control method based on solid waste materials. This method is implemented using the aforementioned transient peak-shaving control system based on solid waste materials and includes the following steps: S1: Data is collected from the power generation module and the energy storage module, wherein the temperature and heat flow data of the power generation module are acquired to form power generation information, and the temperature and heat flow data of the energy storage module are acquired to form energy storage information. S2: Receive the externally sent thermal storage temperature command and transmit it to the processor module, and upload the power generation information and the energy storage information to the cloud server; S3: The processor module adjusts the power by controlling the heat dissipation network and the energy storage power adjustment unit based on the heat storage temperature command, the uploaded power generation information, and the energy storage information.

[0012] Furthermore, in step S1, the acquisition of power generation information and energy storage information is jointly completed by the temperature sensor and the heat flow meter.

[0013] Furthermore, the power regulation step includes: After receiving the thermal storage temperature command, the processor module changes the electrothermal synergistic stimulation response layer from an unsaturated state to a saturated state, thereby increasing the thermal conductivity of the electrothermal synergistic stimulation response layer. The flow rate of the heat exchange medium in the heat dissipation network is adjusted by regulating the opening degree of the drive valve disposed in the solid energy storage substrate.

[0014] Specifically, the temperature sensor is a glass fiber grating temperature sensor or a resistive temperature sensor, and the heat flow meter is a radiation heat meter flow meter.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: It is equipped with cesium tungsten bronze nanowires, and the heat dissipation network of cesium tungsten bronze nanowires can be pre-embedded in solid heat storage substrates of different materials and sizes to achieve "embedded" integration and all-terrain adaptability; it is equipped with a liquid metal tendon-driven valve with ultra-fast response speed, high load-bearing capacity and fatigue resistance, and can realize the opening and closing function without valve dead zone and without consuming additional energy. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a connection diagram of a transient peak-shaving control system based on solid waste materials according to a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of a transient peak-shaving control system method based on solid waste materials according to a specific embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a control logic diagram of a transient peak-shaving control system based on solid waste materials, according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] The components include: 1. Solar array; 2. Battery pack; 3. Inverter; 4. Thermal power unit; 5. Power grid; 6. DC contactor; 7. Energy storage module; 8. Energy storage power regulation unit; 9. Drive valve; and 10. Feedback network. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0019] like Figure 1 As shown, in one aspect, a transient peak-shaving control system based on solid waste materials provided by a specific embodiment of the present invention includes: The power generation module is electrically connected to the power grid 5; the energy storage module 7 is electrically connected to the power grid 5, and the energy storage module 7 includes an energy storage power regulation unit 8 and a heat dissipation network disposed inside the energy storage power regulation unit 8; and a processor module is electrically connected to the energy storage module 7; wherein, the energy storage power regulation unit 8 includes a solid energy storage substrate, a phase change storage medium disposed inside the solid energy storage substrate, an electrothermal synergistic stimulation response layer wrapped around the phase change storage medium, and a drive valve 9 disposed inside the solid energy storage substrate; the drive valve 9 is connected to the heat dissipation network pipeline to regulate the flow rate of the heat exchange medium in the heat dissipation network during energy storage peak shaving; the processor module has a built-in communication protocol and electromechanical control program.

[0020] Specifically, the power generation module includes a solar cell array 1, a battery pack 2, an inverter 3, and a DC contactor 6; the power generation module and the load module are connected to the power grid 5 in parallel back-to-back through power electronic devices, and the energy storage module 7 also includes a thermal power unit 4.

[0021] Furthermore, the electrothermal synergistic stimulation response layer is a dense, porous composite structure coated on the outside of the phase change storage medium. The matrix is ​​a heat-resistant polymer or inorganic gel, forming a network of interconnected micro-nano channels with thermally and electrically conductive fillers. The fillers can be graphene, carbon nanotubes, or metal / metal oxide micro-nano particles, constructed according to volume fraction and orientation to create thermally conductive permeation paths that can be controlled by both electric field and temperature. Microelectrodes are pre-embedded within the layer or electrically connected to the heat dissipation network, enabling rapid Joule heating when energized, and allowing for adjustments to the effective thermal conductivity and interfacial thermal resistance through electric field polarization, carrier concentration changes, or filler orientation fine-tuning. Flame-retardant and moisture-proof functional components are placed on the outer side to enhance safety and durability; their function is to maintain a low thermal flux in the unsaturated state to reduce ineffective heat exchange, and to quickly switch to the saturated state after the processor issues a heat storage temperature command, forming a high thermal conductivity channel and working with the heat dissipation network and drive valve 9 to achieve rapid power release or absorption. Applying electricity to raise the temperature can eliminate the undercooling of the phase change material, and electric field modulation can reduce the interfacial thermal resistance and increase the permeability of the filler, thereby amplifying the thermal response on a timescale of seconds to minutes. This layer also undertakes tasks such as temperature field homogenization, improving phase change cycle stability, leakage resistance and flame retardant protection, and its working state is controlled by sensor feedback closed loop to ensure predictable and repeatable power regulation under heat load fluctuations.

[0022] Furthermore, the preparation method of the cesium tungsten bronze nanowire heat dissipation network, which fills the solid-state energy storage substrate with solid waste materials, is as follows: A1: Precast molding involves uniformly mixing and dispersing the powdered solid waste materials (such as wood, paper, plastic, etc.) with silicone resin binder, followed by curing treatment to form a solid waste matrix precast with a certain mechanical strength. A2: Electrode patterning involves using a stainless steel mask prepared by laser cutting and etching to locally mesh the surface of the preform. Then, a metal (such as copper or silver) is deposited on the exposed areas using a vacuum deposition method (such as magnetron sputtering or electron beam evaporation) to form an electrode pattern for applying a pulsed electric field. A3: Nanowire network activation and curing involves annealing the modified electrode preform in a specific high-temperature environment (370°C). This process is not only for further curing the material, but more importantly, under the combined action of an electric field (which can be applied in this step or in subsequent applications) and a thermal field, specific components in the solid waste material react with the electrode or undergo structural reorganization, "exciting" and forming a cesium tungsten bronze nanowire network with high thermal conductivity, which runs through the interior of the solid waste matrix. A4: The graphene outer layer is encapsulated by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) or by coating the surface of the preform with graphene slurry and then subjecting it to low-temperature heat treatment, thereby forming a dense and flexible graphene film on the outside of the solid waste substrate (which already contains a cesium tungsten bronze nanowire network). The fabrication process of the photomask is as follows: B1: Using high-precision laser cutting technology to process stainless steel sheets as photomasks; B2: The pretreated stainless steel sheet is immersed in an etching solution for patterning.

[0023] Based on the above basic implementation, the energy storage module 7 also includes a feedback network 10. The feedback network 10 includes a safety self-locking component connected to the drive valve 9 and a sensor component disposed on the outer surface of the energy storage power regulation unit 8. The sensor component includes a graphene film temperature sensor, a surface acoustic wave strain sensor, and a microwave dielectric spectrometer.

[0024] Specifically, the solid-state energy storage substrate is wrapped with a fireproof fiber cotton shell, the phase change storage medium is paraffin, and the heat dissipation network includes cesium tungsten bronze nanowires, a flexible graphene layer wrapped around the cesium tungsten bronze nanowires, and a flow pipe connected to the drive valve 9 pipeline. The flow pipe is located on the outer side of the solid-state energy storage substrate.

[0025] In one specific embodiment, the thickness of the electrothermal synergistic stimulation response layer ranges from 420μm to 480μm, and the drive valve 9 is a liquid metal tendon drive valve; the applied electric field modulation voltage of the heat dissipation network ranges from 0V to 50V, and the phase transition temperature of the heat dissipation network ranges from -30℃ to 60℃.

[0026] In this embodiment, gallium indium tin (Ga-In-Sn) alloy is a low-melting-point liquid metal, which is liquid at room temperature and has good fluidity and conductivity. It is the core transmission medium for realizing the "tendon" actuation function. The structural carrier of the actuation valve 9 is a strip-shaped liquid core metal channel, which is a closed channel made of flexible or rigid materials. Its shape is strip-shaped, and the internal cavity is used to accommodate and guide the flow of liquid metal. The channel material needs to have good chemical compatibility with the gallium indium tin alloy to prevent corrosion. Silicone (flexible) or stainless steel (rigid) can be used. The driving source of the actuation valve is an electromagnetic field generating device, which is usually one or more electromagnetic coils. When the coil is energized, a controllable strong magnetic field is generated around it. The core of the actuation valve is to use the electromagnetic field to drive the liquid metal to deform and displace in the channel in a non-contact manner, thereby pulling or pushing the valve core like a "tendon" to realize the switching or regulating function. Its specific working process can be broken down as follows: Initial state: Electromagnetic field is off (no power is applied), liquid metal is in a stable initial shape and position under its own surface tension and channel constraint, and valve is in default opening degree (e.g., fully closed or fully open). Trigger-driven (valve opening adjustment): When the microprocessor module issues an adjustment command, it controls the power supply to energize an electromagnetic coil located at a specific position within the "strip-shaped liquid core metal channel." The energized coil instantly generates a strong pulsed magnetic field. Since gallium indium tin alloy is a good conductor, according to the law of electromagnetic induction (Faraday's law), the changing magnetic field induces eddy currents within the liquid metal. These eddy currents interact with the external magnetic field, generating a Lorentz force. This Lorentz force, as a volume force, acts directly on the liquid metal as a whole, pushing it to overcome surface tension and fluid friction, causing directional deformation and flow within the "strip-shaped liquid core metal channel." This deformation can be a local bulge, overall displacement, or a change in cross-sectional shape, depending on the arrangement of the electromagnetic coil and the channel's structural design. The deformation of the liquid metal directly alters the pressure distribution within the channel, or, through a connected diaphragm / piston, converts this deformation into mechanical displacement, thereby precisely controlling the valve opening. State retention and reset: Maintaining: By maintaining a small constant current, the magnetic field can be kept in place, thereby stabilizing the valve at a certain opening degree; Reset: When it is necessary to close or change the state, remove the magnetic field (or apply a reverse magnetic field). At this time, the surface tension of the liquid metal and the restoring force of the system itself (such as an elastic channel or spring) will cause the liquid metal to return to its initial shape (such as within 3 seconds after the magnetic field is removed), thereby driving the valve to reset.

[0027] Furthermore, the power generation module includes a power generation information acquisition unit, and the energy storage module 7 includes an energy storage information acquisition unit and an energy storage command transceiver unit. The power generation information acquisition unit and the energy storage information acquisition unit are connected to the processor module via fiber optic cables. Both the power generation information acquisition unit and the energy storage information acquisition unit include a temperature sensor and a heat flow meter.

[0028] In another specific embodiment, on the other hand, the present invention provides a transient peak-shaving control method based on solid waste materials. This method is implemented using the aforementioned transient peak-shaving control system based on solid waste materials and includes the following steps: S1: Data is collected from the power generation module and the energy storage module 7, including acquiring the temperature and heat flow data of the power generation module to form power generation information, and acquiring the temperature and heat flow data of the energy storage module 7 to form energy storage information. S2: Receives externally sent thermal storage temperature commands and transmits them to the processor module, and uploads power generation information and energy storage information to the cloud server; S3: The processor module adjusts the power by controlling the heat dissipation network and the energy storage power adjustment unit 8 based on the heat storage temperature command and the uploaded power generation and energy storage information.

[0029] Specifically, in step S1, the acquisition of power generation information and energy storage information is jointly completed by a temperature sensor and a heat flow meter; the power regulation steps include: After receiving the thermal storage temperature command, the processor module will change the electrothermal synergistic stimulation response layer that performs energy conversion from an unsaturated state to a saturated state, thereby increasing the thermal conductivity of the electrothermal synergistic stimulation response layer; the flow rate of the heat exchange medium in the heat dissipation network will be adjusted by regulating the opening of the drive valve 9 set in the solid energy storage substrate; the temperature sensor is a glass fiber grating temperature sensor or a resistance temperature sensor, and the heat flow meter is a radiation heat meter flow meter.

[0030] In a specific embodiment, the specific steps of the transient peak shaving control method based on solid waste materials are as follows: S1. Monitor the temperature parameter T of the temperature control system. If T is lower than the preset temperature protection value T0, continue to monitor the temperature change trend of the temperature control system; S2. When T>T0, determine that the temperature control system enters the heat storage mode; at this time, if T-T0>ΔT, immediately start the pulsed electric field for preheating, where ΔT is the preset over-temperature threshold, and ΔT>T0; otherwise, wait for the preheating to end; S3. Evaluate the influence degree of the pulsed electric field on the heating of the temperature control system: if the influence degree is not significant, reset the intensity and duration of the pulsed electric field; if the influence degree is significant, apply the pulsed electric field to the temperature control system; S4. Monitor whether the temperature of the temperature control system continues to rise; if so, repeat the operation in S3; if not, continue to judge whether the temperature of the temperature control system reaches the upper limit value T1; if so, stop monitoring the temperature change trend of the temperature control system; otherwise, return to S2; S5. When T<T0, determine that the temperature control system enters the heat dissipation mode; at this time, if T0-T<ΔT, continue to monitor the temperature change trend of the temperature control system; otherwise, immediately take cooling measures to cool down; S6. Monitor whether the temperature of the temperature control system continues to drop; if so, repeat the operation in S5; if not, continue to judge whether the temperature of the temperature control system reaches the lower limit value T2; if so, stop monitoring the temperature change trend of the temperature control system; otherwise, return to S5.

[0031] In another specific embodiment, for the electric heating area with external energy consumption of a 220kW biomass waste sorting workshop in a certain factory, the transient peak shaving control system and method excited by the intrinsic characteristics of solid waste materials described in the present invention are used for testing; the waste materials used in this area are mainly wood residues, paper scraps, textile wastes, etc.; after calculation, the peak heat load of this area reaches 35t / h, the valley value reaches 10t / h, and the average heat dissipation per day and night is 21t / h; the spatial and temporal distribution of waste heat is extremely uneven - the hourly flow coefficient is 2.7t / h, and the daily flow coefficient is only 0.03t / h; after demonstration by local experts, it is considered that due to special terrain, complex thermal environment and other factors in this area, the heat loss is serious, and due to the long distance of the heat supply pipeline, the heat loss of the thermal pipeline is large.

[0032] Furthermore, it is necessary to design an energy supply system for the solid waste sorting workshop, as follows: a transient peak-shaving device based on the intrinsic properties of solid waste materials excited by cesium tungsten bronze nanowires; the device uses solid waste wood, paper, plastics, etc. as raw materials to prepare a 15cm thick blank; first, the blank is placed in an ambient furnace at 370°C for 40min for preheating; then a pulsed electric field of 12V / μs is applied for about 0.1s and lasts for 30s; the longitudinally alternating nanowire electrodes are connected to the positive and negative terminals of the DC power supply; then the blank is placed at room temperature for natural cooling; finally, a solid energy storage substrate with a grain polyhedral structure is obtained.

[0033] Furthermore, the system also includes a liquid metal tendon-driven valve integrated into a multilayer microfluidic tube and a trigeminal neural feedback network. The driven valve 9 consists of a gallium indium tin low-freezing-point alloy and a strip-shaped liquid-core metal channel. The deformation of the liquid metal is controlled by an electromagnetic field: after applying a depolarizing magnetic field of 1.35T for 2 seconds, the driven valve 9 opens; after the magnetic field is removed, it returns to its original state after 3 seconds. The trigeminal neural feedback network consists of a graphene film temperature sensor, a surface acoustic wave strain sensor, a microwave dielectric spectrometer, and a safety margin self-locking mechanism. The graphene film temperature sensor has a sensitivity of rT = 45.8 Ω / ℃ and exhibits superconductivity (response time approximately 1 ms). It is installed on the surface of solid waste materials. It can accurately obtain the instantaneous temperature of the material surface; integrating this sensor with a surface acoustic wave strain sensor in series can solve the data transmission problem in high-temperature environments. The superconductivity of graphene ensures the stable operation of the sensor, while the high precision of the surface acoustic wave sensor ensures the accuracy of data analysis; at the same time, the application of microwave dielectric spectrometer effectively avoids cumbersome data preprocessing (such as frequency conversion, noise reduction, etc.), and directly provides absorption spectrum data for the controller; in addition, the safety margin self-locking mechanism can ensure that it is in a safe state at all times: when ||T-T0||>|T0|=5K, G=0.5; when ||T-T0||≤|T0| and T≥T0, G=0.75; otherwise, G=1.

[0034] To aid in a better understanding of the present invention, a more comprehensive and specific embodiment is described, in which the present invention provides a transient peak-shaving control system based on solid waste materials, comprising: A power generation module is electrically connected to the power grid 5; an energy storage module 7 is electrically connected to the power grid 5, and the energy storage module 7 includes an energy storage power regulation unit 8 and a heat dissipation network disposed inside the energy storage power regulation unit 8; and a processor module is electrically connected to the energy storage module 7; wherein, the energy storage power regulation unit 8 includes a solid energy storage substrate, a phase change storage medium disposed inside the solid energy storage substrate, an electrothermal synergistic stimulation response layer wrapped around the phase change storage medium, and a drive valve 9 disposed inside the solid energy storage substrate; the drive valve 9 is connected to the heat dissipation network pipeline to regulate the flow rate of the heat exchange medium in the heat dissipation network during energy storage peak shaving.

[0035] In this embodiment, the energy storage module 7 further includes a feedback network 10, which includes a safety self-locking component connected to the drive valve 9 and a sensor assembly disposed on the outer surface of the energy storage power regulation unit 8. The sensor assembly includes a graphene film temperature sensor, a surface acoustic wave strain sensor, and a microwave dielectric spectrometer. The solid energy storage substrate is wrapped with a fireproof fiber cotton shell, the phase change storage medium is paraffin, and the heat dissipation network includes cesium tungsten bronze nanowires and a flexible graphene layer wrapped around the cesium tungsten bronze nanowires. The thickness of the electrothermal synergistic stimulation response layer ranges from 420μm to 480μm, and the drive valve 9 is a liquid metal tendon-driven valve. The electric field modulation voltage of the heat dissipation network ranges from 0V to 50V, and the phase change temperature range of the heat dissipation network is from -30℃ to 60℃. The power generation module includes a power generation information acquisition unit, and the energy storage module includes an energy storage information acquisition unit and an energy storage command transceiver unit. The power generation information acquisition unit and the energy storage information acquisition unit are connected to the processor module via optical fiber cables. Both the power generation information acquisition unit and the energy storage information acquisition unit include a temperature sensor and a heat flow meter.

[0036] Furthermore, another aspect of the present invention provides a transient peak-shaving control method based on solid waste materials. This method is implemented using the aforementioned transient peak-shaving control system based on solid waste materials and includes the following steps: S1: Data is collected from the power generation module and the energy storage module 7, including acquiring the temperature and heat flow data of the power generation module to form power generation information, and acquiring the temperature and heat flow data of the energy storage module 7 to form energy storage information. S2: Receives externally sent thermal storage temperature commands and transmits them to the processor module, and uploads power generation information and energy storage information to the cloud server; S3: The processor module adjusts the power by controlling the heat dissipation network and the energy storage power adjustment unit based on the heat storage temperature command and the uploaded power generation and energy storage information. In step S1, the acquisition of power generation information and energy storage information is jointly completed by a temperature sensor and a heat flow meter; the power regulation steps include: after receiving the heat storage temperature command, the processor module changes the electrothermal synergistic stimulation response layer that performs energy conversion from an unsaturated state to a saturated state, thereby increasing the heat conduction capacity of the electrothermal synergistic stimulation response layer; the flow rate of the heat exchange medium in the heat dissipation network is adjusted by adjusting the opening of the drive valve set in the solid energy storage substrate; the temperature sensor is a glass fiber grating temperature sensor or a resistance temperature sensor, and the heat flow meter is a radiation heat meter flow meter.

[0037] In summary, the embodiments disclosed herein have at least the following technical effects: The electrothermal synergistic stimulation response layer can rapidly improve the equivalent thermal conductivity and eliminate phase change supercooling after being powered on. Combined with the instantaneous adjustment of the working mass and valve position by the drive valve 9, the energy storage module 7 can complete the power ramp-up in seconds. Compared with multi-reactor systems that rely on reversible chemical reaction kinetics, it significantly shortens the time delay from command to output. Without the need for complex reaction equipment such as pyrolysis devices, combustion furnaces, carbonation / calcination reactors, etc., the energy storage power regulation unit 8 mainly consists of a solid energy storage substrate, phase change medium, heat dissipation network and actuator valve, resulting in a simpler structure, fewer failure points and lower maintenance costs. The processor module enables continuous and adjustable control of the electric field / on / off state of the heat dissipation network and the valve position of drive valve 9, achieving fine-grained power tracking from millisecond to second level, thus meeting the requirements of suppressing rapid fluctuations in electrothermal load and stabilizing the main pipe / bus. It mainly uses sensible heat / phase change direct heat exchange, which reduces the multi-stage energy conversion links of chemical reaction-heat / mass transfer-heat exchange, reduces intermediate heat exchange and standby losses, and improves round-trip efficiency. By coupling solid waste-based phase change media with an electrothermal synergistic stimulation response layer, and utilizing mechanisms such as filler orientation and carrier polarization, the heat conduction path can be switched from "open" to "closed," achieving dual-state operation of "low leakage standby and high thermal conductivity output," taking into account both static heat preservation and transient output. The feedback network includes multi-modal sensors for temperature, strain, and dielectric spectrum. Combined with a safety self-locking component, it can perform valve self-locking and derating control when the temperature exceeds the limit, the structural strain is abnormal, or the dielectric characteristics are abnormal, thereby improving operational safety and predictability. Local heating and electric field modulation of the electrothermal synergistic stimulation response layer help trigger phase transformation nucleation, reduce supercooling, and shorten phase transformation hysteresis; interface modification and coating structure reduce the risk of leakage and phase separation, and extend cycle life. Cesium tungsten bronze nanowires and flexible graphene layers form a heat-conducting channel, which significantly reduces the interfacial thermal resistance between the phase change layer, the heat dissipation network, and the working fluid, thereby increasing the usable output density in the same volume. Liquid metal tendon-driven valves have high specific power, fast response and good sealing characteristics, making them suitable for high-frequency small-amplitude valve position regulation, reducing mechanical wear and improving peak shaving stability. Fiber optic communication and Internet / MQTT data transmission ensure low-latency transmission of commands and measurements, enabling rapid control at the edge and policy optimization and health assessment in the cloud, achieving layered collaboration between local fast control and global optimization; The energy storage power regulation unit has a modular structure and can be connected in parallel to expand the capacity according to the heat load scale; the material formulation of the heat dissipation network and phase change medium can be customized according to the application temperature zone, and is suitable for various scenarios such as data center waste heat, regional energy stations, and industrial waste heat. Solid waste resource utilization is the core material source, reducing the consumption of virgin materials and the pressure of solid waste disposal; system simplification and reduced maintenance costs, combined with peak shaving and cost reduction, bring about an improvement in economic efficiency throughout the entire life cycle; By monitoring and limiting boundary parameters such as temperature, pressure drop, valve position, and power online, it is easy to interface with existing BAS / EMS / SCADA systems and meet the safety boundary requirements for grid connection and heating network operation. The sensor fusion and processor-side adaptive / limiting strategy enable the device to be robust to sudden changes in incoming flow temperature, load fluctuations, and material thermal conductivity decay, maintaining stable and repeatable output power.

[0038] It is understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary implementations used to illustrate the principles of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A transient peak-shaving control system based on solid waste materials, characterized in that, include: The power generation module is electrically connected to the power grid. An energy storage module is electrically connected to the power grid. The energy storage module includes an energy storage power regulation unit and a heat dissipation network disposed inside the energy storage power regulation unit. as well as The processor module is electrically connected to the energy storage module; The energy storage power regulation unit includes a solid energy storage substrate, a phase change storage medium disposed inside the solid energy storage substrate, an electrothermal synergistic stimulation response layer wrapped around the phase change storage medium, and a drive valve disposed inside the solid energy storage substrate; the drive valve is connected to the heat dissipation network pipeline to regulate the flow rate of the heat exchange medium in the heat dissipation network during energy storage peak shaving.

2. The transient peak-shaving control system based on solid waste materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy storage module also includes a feedback network, which includes a safety self-locking component connected to the drive valve and a sensor assembly disposed on the outer surface of the energy storage power regulation unit. The sensor assembly includes a graphene film temperature sensor, a surface acoustic wave strain sensor, and a microwave dielectric spectrometer.

3. The transient peak-shaving control system based on solid waste materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solid-state energy storage substrate is wrapped with a fire-resistant fiber cotton shell, the phase change storage medium is paraffin, and the heat dissipation network includes cesium tungsten bronze nanowires, a flexible graphene layer wrapped around the cesium tungsten bronze nanowires, and a flow pipe connected to the drive valve pipeline. The flow pipe is disposed on the outer surface of the solid-state energy storage substrate.

4. The transient peak-shaving control system based on solid waste materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the electrothermal synergistic stimulation response layer ranges from 420μm to 480μm, and the driving valve is a liquid metal tendon driving valve.

5. The transient peak-shaving control system based on solid waste materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electric field modulation voltage of the heat dissipation network is applied in the range of 0V to 50V, and the phase transition temperature range of the heat dissipation network is -30℃ to 60℃.

6. The transient peak-shaving control system based on solid waste materials according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The power generation module includes a power generation information acquisition unit, and the energy storage module further includes an energy storage information acquisition unit and an energy storage command transceiver unit. The power generation information acquisition unit and the energy storage information acquisition unit are connected to the processor module via optical fiber cables. Both the power generation information acquisition unit and the energy storage information acquisition unit include a temperature sensor and a heat flow meter.

7. A transient peak-shaving control method based on solid waste materials, characterized in that, The method is implemented using a transient peak-shaving control system based on solid waste materials according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and includes the following steps: S1: Data is collected from the power generation module and the energy storage module, wherein the temperature and heat flow data of the power generation module are acquired to form power generation information, and the temperature and heat flow data of the energy storage module are acquired to form energy storage information. S2: Receive the externally sent thermal storage temperature command and transmit it to the processor module, and upload the power generation information and the energy storage information to the cloud server; S3: The processor module adjusts the power by controlling the heat dissipation network and the energy storage power adjustment unit based on the heat storage temperature command, the uploaded power generation information, and the energy storage information.

8. The transient peak-shaving control method based on solid waste materials according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step S1, the acquisition of power generation information and energy storage information is jointly completed by the temperature sensor and the heat flow meter.

9. The transient peak-shaving control method based on solid waste materials according to claim 7, characterized in that, The power regulation steps include: After receiving the thermal storage temperature command, the processor module changes the electrothermal synergistic stimulation response layer from an unsaturated state to a saturated state, thereby increasing the thermal conductivity of the electrothermal synergistic stimulation response layer. The flow rate of the heat exchange medium in the heat dissipation network is adjusted by regulating the opening degree of the drive valve disposed in the solid energy storage substrate.

10. The transient peak-shaving control method based on solid waste materials according to claim 8, characterized in that, The temperature sensor is a glass fiber optic temperature sensor or a resistive temperature sensor, and the heat flow meter is a radiation heat meter flow meter.

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