A transverse alternating PCB board splitter
By introducing a straightening, unblocking, and lubrication device into the transverse alternating PCB depaneling machine, the problems of jamming and deflection caused by impurities between the sliding block and the slide rail are solved, achieving efficient cutting and stable production, and extending the service life of the equipment.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- ZHUHAI XINCHUANG PRECISION MFG CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-04-28
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-29
- Estimated Expiration
- Not applicable · inactive patent
AI Technical Summary
In existing horizontal alternating PCB depaneling machines, the accumulation of impurities between the sliding block and the guide rail during the cutting process causes the sliding block to deflect and jam, affecting cutting accuracy and production efficiency. Existing cleaning methods cannot effectively solve this problem.
A transverse alternating PCB depaneling machine was designed, equipped with a straightening and unblocking device and a lubrication device. The machine removes impurities from the side wall of the slide rail and straightens the sliding block by means of air pressure. The lubrication device inside the sliding block lubricates the blockage area at the end of the slide rail groove to ensure smooth movement of the sliding block.
It effectively removes impurities from the sidewalls of the slide rail, restores the smooth movement of the sliding block, reduces friction, avoids jamming and deflection, improves cutting accuracy and production efficiency, extends equipment life, and reduces maintenance costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN122121065A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of integrated circuit manufacturing equipment technology, and in particular to a horizontal alternating PCB depaneling machine. Background Technology
[0002] In the electronics manufacturing industry, PCB boards are the core carrier components of electronic devices. Their production process requires a depaneling process to cut the integrally formed multi-panel PCB board into individual qualified products to meet subsequent assembly requirements. Horizontal alternating PCB depaneling machines, with their advantages of high depaneling efficiency and high cutting precision, are widely used in the mass processing of PCB boards in consumer electronics, automotive electronics, and other fields. Their core working component is a sliding mechanism, which mainly consists of a sliding block and a slide rail. The sliding block is rigidly connected to the cutting equipment, and through the lateral reciprocating motion along the slide rail, it achieves precise cutting of the PCB board. The smoothness of the sliding mechanism's movement directly determines the separation accuracy and equipment operational stability. To reduce frictional resistance between the sliding block and the slide rail and extend component lifespan, the industry commonly employs lubrication measures for the sliding mechanism. This involves supplying lubricating oil to the contact surfaces of the slide rail and the sliding block to form a lubricating film, reducing mechanical wear between them. However, during actual PCB separation operations, the cutting process generates a large amount of plastic debris (mainly from the resin substrate and copper-clad laminate insulation layer of the PCB). This debris is fine in texture and has strong adhesion, easily splashing and adhering to the slide rail surface during cutting. Since lubricating oil is always present on the slide rail surface, the splashed plastic debris mixes rapidly with the lubricating oil, forming a viscous impurity. This impurity adheres firmly to the slide rail sidewalls and the mating gap between the sliding block and the slide rail, making it difficult to detach through the movement of the equipment itself. As the PCB separation process continues, impurities accumulate. When the sliding block moves laterally along the slide rail, the impurities adhering to the sidewall of the slide rail exert a lateral obstruction force on the sliding block, compromising the fit accuracy between the sliding block and the slide rail. Because the clearance between the sliding block and the slide rail is extremely small, and the sliding block needs to drive the cutter head to achieve high-precision reciprocating motion, lateral obstruction by impurities can easily cause the sliding block to deflect slightly. This results in uneven contact area between the sliding block and the slide rail, a sharp increase in frictional resistance, and consequently, phenomena such as sliding block jamming and sluggish movement. The jamming of the sliding block not only affects the movement accuracy of the PCB cutter head, causing burrs and dimensional deviations on the PCB cutting edges, but can even lead to batch product defects, severely impacting production efficiency. Existing depaneling equipment cannot effectively remove plastic debris and lubricating oil impurities adhering to the sidewalls of the slide rails, and lacks specific solutions for the sliding block deflection and jamming caused by such impurities. Conventional periodic manual cleaning not only increases the workload of operators, but also makes it difficult to accurately control the timing of cleaning. Often, cleaning is only carried out after the sliding mechanism has obviously jammed, at which point the sliding block and slide rail have already suffered a certain degree of wear, failing to fundamentally solve this technical problem. Summary of the Invention
[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a transverse alternating PCB depaneling machine. When the slide rail mechanism jams or the sliding block deflects, this invention can remove impurities from the jammed area on the slide rail in the first instance, straighten the deflected sliding block, and lubricate the area after removing the impurities to facilitate smooth movement of the cutting equipment and improve the quality of PCB depaneling.
[0004] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: This invention discloses a horizontally alternating PCB depaneling machine, including a horizontally arranged worktable. A robotic arm for clamping PCB boards is located on the top of the worktable. A depaneling platform is located on one side of the worktable for placing PCB boards for depaneling. A conveying device is located on one side of the depaneling platform for transporting and transferring the depaneled PCB boards. A slide rail is located directly above the conveying device. A sliding block is slidably connected to the slide rail's groove end in the horizontal direction. A cutting device for depaneling and cutting the PCB boards is located at the bottom of the sliding block. A drive assembly is located on the slide rail to control the horizontal sliding of the sliding block. A straightening and unblocking device is located on the sliding block. When the sliding block is blocked by impurities formed by lubricating oil and plastic debris on the slide rail, causing it to slide, jam, or deflect, the straightening and unblocking device can remove the impurities on the sidewall of the slide rail and straighten the deflected sliding block. A lubrication device is located inside the sliding block to lubricate the area blocked by the slide rail's groove end.
[0005] Furthermore, the drive assembly includes a sliding opening on one side of the sliding block, a drive block that passes through the sliding opening and is horizontally connected to the side end of the sliding block on one side of the sliding block, and a drive cylinder that is horizontally provided on one side of the top of the slide rail, with the output end of the drive cylinder connected to the top of the drive block.
[0006] Furthermore, the straightening and unblocking device includes two triggering components symmetrically arranged on both sides inside the sliding block. The driving block is provided with an inflation component, and the two sides of the sliding block are provided with air guiding components. The triggering component includes a first spring horizontally arranged inside the sliding opening. The two ends of the first spring are respectively connected to the inner wall of the sliding opening and the side wall of the driving block. A sliding cylinder is horizontally arranged inside the first spring. A pressure sensor is provided at the end of the sliding cylinder away from the driving block. A sliding rod is horizontally slidably connected to the side end of the sliding cylinder. One end of the sliding rod is connected to the side end of the driving block. When the first spring is fully relaxed, the sliding rod cannot slide towards the driving block inside the sliding cylinder and can only slide away from the driving block.
[0007] Furthermore, the inflation assembly includes two inflation slots symmetrically arranged inside the sliding block near the side wall of the slide rail. The end of each inflation slot away from the drive block is provided with an air outlet slot that is obliquely connected to the side wall of the slide rail. The top of the drive block is provided with an air pump, and each air outlet end of the air pump is connected to an air supply pipe. The two air supply pipes are respectively connected to the end of each inflation slot near the drive block.
[0008] Furthermore, each inflation slot is equipped with an air guiding component, which includes an air guiding groove located inside the side wall of the sliding block. One side of the air guiding groove has a first vent hole that communicates with the interior of the air guiding groove. On the side of the sliding block near the side wall of the slide rail, there are several second vent holes at equal intervals that communicate with the air guiding groove. On one side of the side wall of the sliding block, there are several horizontally arranged first exhaust grooves at equal intervals. On the other side of the side wall of the sliding block, there are several horizontally arranged second exhaust grooves at equal intervals. Half of the second vent holes communicate with several first exhaust grooves, and the remaining half of the second vent holes communicate with several second exhaust grooves. The inflation slot is equipped with a pressure sequence valve, and the two valve ends of the pressure sequence valve are respectively connected to the first vent hole and the air outlet groove.
[0009] Furthermore, the lubrication device includes an oil outlet assembly located inside the sliding block, with two oil spraying assemblies symmetrically arranged on both sides of the oil outlet assembly; the oil outlet assembly includes a first oil storage tank located inside the sliding block, with an oil injection valve at the top of the first oil storage tank communicating with the outside of the sliding block, and two oil injection pipes symmetrically connected to both sides of the first oil storage tank, and a sealing plate that seals the connection between the two is provided at one end of the oil injection pipe communicating with the inside of the first oil storage tank via a coil spring, and the sealing plate can be flipped into the oil injection pipe; a first oil pusher plate is provided inside the first oil storage tank, and a first oil pusher rod is horizontally provided on one side of the first oil pusher plate and is slidably connected to the side end of the first oil storage tank in the horizontal direction, and one end of the first oil pusher rod is connected to the side end of the drive block.
[0010] Furthermore, the oil injection assembly includes a second oil reservoir located inside the sliding block and on one side of the first oil reservoir. One side of the second oil reservoir is connected to one end of the oil injection pipe, and the other side of the second oil reservoir is provided with an oil passage groove connected to the air filling groove. A second oil pusher plate is provided inside the second oil reservoir. A second oil pusher rod is horizontally provided on one side of the second oil pusher plate and is slidably connected to the side end of the second oil reservoir in the horizontal direction. A plugging plate is connected to one side of the second oil pusher plate. When the second oil pusher plate slides towards the drive block, the plugging plate can seal the oil passage groove.
[0011] Furthermore, the second push rod is provided with a first toothed rod on one side outside the second oil storage tank, and a second toothed rod is provided on one side of the first push rod. A gear is rotatably connected between the first toothed rod and the second toothed rod, and the gear meshes with the first toothed rod and the second toothed rod respectively.
[0012] Furthermore, it also includes stabilizing components symmetrically arranged on both sides of the sliding block and the driving block. The stabilizing components include a first connecting box located at the side end of the sliding block. Inside the first connecting box, two snap-fit blocks are symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower sides and are elastically connected by a second spring. The adjacent ends of the two snap-fit blocks are provided with symmetrically arranged inclined sides. A second connecting box is located on one side of the driving block. A docking rod that horizontally passes through the inside of the first connecting box is located on one side of the second connecting box.
[0013] Furthermore, the end of the docking rod is provided with a stop block, the side of the stop block near the locking block is provided with a bevel, and the bevels of the stop block and the locking block are in contact with each other. An unlocking block is slidably connected on the docking rod, the side of the unlocking block away from the stop block is provided with a bevel, and the side of the unlocking block adjacent to the stop block is in contact with each other. The middle part of the docking rod is provided with a protrusion that can limit the sliding distance of the unlocking block.
[0014] The present invention has the following advantages: (1) In this invention, plastic debris generated during the cutting process forms mixed impurities with the lubricating oil on the slide rail surface. The straightening and unblocking device on the sliding block can promptly remove the mixed impurities on the slide rail sidewall when the sliding block jams or deflects, and straighten the deflected sliding block to restore its smooth movement. The lubrication device inside the sliding block can promptly replenish lubrication after unblocking the blockage area at the slide rail groove end, further reducing sliding friction, preventing jamming and deflection from recurring, ensuring the cutting accuracy of the cutting equipment, reducing PCB board cutting defects, and improving production efficiency. At the same time, it reduces the wear of the sliding block and slide rail, extends the service life of the sliding mechanism and the whole machine, reduces manual cleaning and equipment maintenance costs, eliminates the need for frequent shutdowns for maintenance, and ensures continuous and stable board separation operations. Attached Figure Description
[0015] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a partial structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a partial structural side view of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the driving component, sliding block, and cutting device in this invention; Figure 5 This is a side sectional view of the sliding block, the straightening and unblocking device, and the lubrication device in this invention; Figure 6 This is a partial side sectional view of the sliding block, the straightening and unblocking device, and the lubrication device in this invention; Figure 7 This is a side sectional view of the lubrication device in this invention; Figure 8This is a partial side sectional view of the sliding block and lubrication device in this invention; Figure 9 for Figure 8 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the sliding block and the air guiding assembly in this invention; Figure 11 This is a partial side sectional view of the triggering component in this invention; Figure 12 This is a side sectional view of the stabilizing component in this invention.
[0016] In the diagram: 1. Workbench; 2. Robotic arm; 3. Separating table; 4. Slide rail; 5. Sliding block; 6. Cutting equipment; 7. Drive assembly; 71. Sliding opening; 72. Drive block; 73. Drive cylinder; 8. Straightening and unblocking device; 81. Trigger assembly; 811. First spring; 812. Sliding cylinder; 813. Pressure sensor; 814. Sliding rod; 82. Inflation assembly; 821. Inflation tank; 822. Air outlet tank; 823. Air pump; 824. Air supply pipe; 83. Air guiding assembly; 831. Air guiding tank; 832. First vent; 833. Second vent; 834. First exhaust tank; 835. 9. Second exhaust duct; 91. Lubrication device; 92. Oil outlet assembly; 93. First oil reservoir; 94. Oil injection pipe; 95. Sealing plate; 96. First oil pusher plate; 97. First oil pusher rod; 98. Oil spray assembly; 99. Second oil reservoir; 90. Oil passage duct; 91. Second oil pusher plate; 92. Second oil pusher rod; 93. Plug plate; 94. First toothed rod; 95. Second toothed rod; 96. Gear; 17. Stabilizing assembly; 18. First connecting box; 19. Snap-fit block; 10. Second connecting box; 11. Connecting rod; 12. Stopping block; 13. Unlocking block. Detailed Implementation
[0017] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. These embodiments are implemented based on the technical solution of the present invention, and provide detailed implementation methods and specific operation processes. However, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments. In the description of the present invention, words such as "front", "rear", "left", and "right" that indicate orientation or positional relationship are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.
[0018] Example 1 Example 1 discloses a horizontal alternating PCB depaneling machine, such as Figures 1-12As shown, the system includes a horizontally arranged workbench 1, with a robotic arm 2 at the top of the workbench 1 for clamping PCB boards; a PCB separation table 3 on one side of the workbench 1 for placing PCB boards for separation; a conveying device on one side of the PCB separation table 3 for conveying and transferring the separated PCB boards; a slide rail 4 directly above the conveying device, with a sliding block 5 slidably connected to the slide rail 4 at its groove end; a cutting device 6 at the bottom of the sliding block 5 for cutting the PCB boards; a drive assembly 7 on the slide rail 4 for controlling the horizontal sliding of the sliding block 5; a straightening and unblocking device 8 on the sliding block 5; when the sliding block 5 is blocked by impurities formed by lubricating oil and plastic debris on the slide rail 4, causing it to slide, jam, or deflect, the straightening and unblocking device 8 can remove the impurities on the side wall of the slide rail 4 and straighten the deflected sliding block 5; and a lubrication device 9 inside the sliding block 5 for lubrication after unblocking the area blocked at the groove end of the slide rail 4.
[0019] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the driving component 7 includes a sliding opening 71 on one side of the sliding block 5, a driving block 72 on one side of the sliding block 5 that passes through the sliding opening 71 and is horizontally connected to the side end of the sliding block 5, and a driving cylinder 73 is horizontally provided on one side of the top of the slide rail 4, with the output end of the driving cylinder 73 connected to the top of the driving block 72. The straightening and unblocking device 8 includes two trigger components 81 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the sliding block 5. The driving block 72 is provided with an inflation component 82, and the two sides of the sliding block 5 are provided with air guiding components 83. The trigger component 81 includes a first spring 811 horizontally arranged inside the sliding opening 71. The two ends of the first spring 811 are respectively connected to the inner wall of the sliding opening 71 and the side wall of the driving block 72. A sliding cylinder 812 is horizontally arranged inside the first spring 811. A pressure sensor 813 is provided at the end of the sliding cylinder 812 away from the driving block 72. A sliding rod 814 is horizontally slidably connected to the side end of the sliding cylinder 812. One end of the sliding rod 814 is connected to the side end of the driving block 72. When the first spring 811 is fully relaxed, the sliding rod 814 cannot slide towards the driving block 72 in the sliding cylinder 812 and can only slide away from the driving block 72. Furthermore, the inflation assembly 82 includes two inflation slots 821 symmetrically arranged inside the sliding block 5 near the side wall of the slide rail 4. The two inflation slots 821 are provided with an air outlet slot 822 obliquely extending towards the side wall of the slide rail 4 at the end away from the driving block 72. The top of the driving block 72 is provided with an air pump 823. Each air outlet end of the air pump 823 is connected to an air supply pipe 824, and the two air supply pipes 824 are respectively connected to the end of the two inflation slots 821 near the driving block 72. Furthermore, each inflation slot 821 is provided with an air guiding component 83. The air guiding component 83 includes an air guiding groove 831 located inside the side wall of the sliding block 5. One side of the air guiding groove 831 is provided with a first vent hole 832, which communicates with the interior of the air guiding groove 831. On the side of the sliding block 5 near the side wall of the slide rail 4, a plurality of second vent holes 833 are provided at equal intervals, which communicate with the air guiding groove 831. On one side of the side wall of the sliding block 5, a plurality of horizontally arranged first exhaust grooves 834 are provided at equal intervals, and on the other side of the side wall of the sliding block 5, a plurality of horizontally arranged second exhaust grooves 835 are provided at equal intervals. Half of the second vent holes 833 communicate with the plurality of first exhaust grooves 834, and the remaining half of the second vent holes 833 communicate with the plurality of second exhaust grooves 835. The inflation slot 821 is provided with a pressure sequence valve, and the two valve ends of the pressure sequence valve are respectively connected to the first vent hole 832 and the air outlet groove 822. like Figures 2 to 6As shown, in this embodiment, when the sliding block 5 jams or deflects, if impurities block the front end of the sliding block 5 or the side wall between the sliding block 5 and the slide rail 4, causing the sliding block 5 to jam or deflect, the sliding path of the sliding block 5 is blocked, causing it to stop moving. However, under the action of the driving cylinder 73, the driving block 72 continues to slide forward. At this time, the first spring 811 inside the sliding opening 71 of the sliding block 5 is compressed, and the driving block 72 penetrates deeper into the sliding block 5. The sliding rod 814 slides inside the sliding cylinder 812. When the sliding rod 814 penetrates to a certain extent and interacts with the sliding block 4, the sliding block 5 continues to move forward. When the pressure sensor 813 inside the moving cylinder 812 contacts, it indicates a severe blockage requiring unblocking. At this time, the pressure sensor 813 transmits a signal to the external air pump 823, controlling its startup. Gas is continuously supplied to the two inflation tanks 821 through two air pipes 824. The airflow moves within the inflation tanks 821. Initially, to ensure effective impurity removal, the valve connecting the pressure sequence valve to the outlet tank 822 is closed. Airflow can only enter the air guide tank 831 through the first vent 832, and the airflow passes through… The air guide groove 831 flows evenly through several first exhaust grooves 834 and second exhaust grooves 835. Since the first exhaust grooves 834 and second exhaust grooves 835 are located at the gap between the sliding block 5 and the side wall of the slide rail 4, and the gap is relatively small, the air pressure generated by the airflow can clean and unclog the impurities in the gap between the sliding block 5 and the side wall of the slide rail 4, blowing away the impurities adhering to the side wall of the slide rail 4. Furthermore, because the sliding block 5 has undergone a certain deflection, the gap at both ends is wider at one end and narrower at the other. The airflow also has a squeezing effect on the side wall of the sliding block 5, gradually causing it to deflect from the deflection. The air pressure gradually decreases as the impurities are cleared and cleared. When the pressure decreases to a certain threshold, the valve ends of the pressure sequence valve and the air outlet groove 822 open. A portion of the airflow flows through the air outlet groove 822 to the side wall of the slide rail 4 located at the front end of the sliding block 5, thereby clearing the impurities blocking the front end of the sliding block 5 until the impurities are completely cleared, restoring the smooth movement of the sliding block 5. This reduces sliding friction, avoids jamming and deflection, ensures the cutting accuracy of the cutting equipment 6, reduces PCB board cutting defects, and improves production efficiency.
[0020] Furthermore, the lubrication device 9 includes an oil outlet assembly 91 disposed inside the sliding block 5, and two oil spraying assemblies 92 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the oil outlet assembly 91; the oil outlet assembly 91 includes a first oil storage tank 911 disposed inside the sliding block 5, the top of the first oil storage tank 911 is provided with an oil injection valve communicating with the outside of the sliding block 5, two oil injection pipes 912 are symmetrically connected to both sides of the first oil storage tank 911, and one end of the oil injection pipe 912 communicating with the inside of the first oil storage tank 911 is provided with a sealing plate 913 that is rotatably connected by a coil spring to seal the connection between the two, and the sealing plate 913 can be flipped into the oil injection pipe 912; a first oil pusher plate 914 is provided inside the first oil storage tank 911, and a first oil pusher rod 915 is horizontally provided on one side of the first oil pusher plate 914 and the first oil pusher rod 915 is slidably connected to the side end of the first oil storage tank 911 in the horizontal direction, and one end of the first oil pusher rod 915 is connected to the side end of the drive block 72; Furthermore, the oil injection assembly 92 includes a second oil reservoir 921 located inside the sliding block 5 and on one side of the first oil reservoir 911. One side of the second oil reservoir 921 is connected to one end of the oil injection pipe 912. The other side of the second oil reservoir 921 is provided with an oil passage groove 922 that communicates with the air filling groove 821. A second oil pusher plate 923 is provided inside the second oil reservoir 921. A second oil pusher rod 924 is horizontally provided on one side of the second oil pusher plate 923 and is slidably connected to the side end of the second oil reservoir 921 in the horizontal direction. A hole-blocking plate 925 is connected to one side of the second oil pusher plate 923. When the second oil pusher plate 923 slides towards the drive block 72, the hole-blocking plate 925 can close the oil passage groove 922. Furthermore, the second push rod 924 is provided with a first toothed rod 926 on one side outside the second oil storage tank 921, and a second toothed rod 927 is provided on one side of the first push rod 915. A gear 928 is rotatably connected between the first toothed rod 926 and the second toothed rod 927, and the gear 928 meshes with the first toothed rod 926 and the second toothed rod 927 respectively. like Figures 6 to 9As shown, in this embodiment, when the sliding block 5 jams or deflects during sliding, causing the drive block 72 to slide into the sliding block 5, the first oil pusher 915 drives the first oil pusher plate 914 to slide inside the first oil storage tank 911. The flow force of the lubricating oil causes the two sealing plates 913 to flip, so that the oil injection pipe 912 is connected to the first oil storage tank 911, pushing a portion of the lubricating oil in the first oil storage tank 911 into the two second oil storage tanks 921. As the first oil pusher 915 slides, under the action of the gear 928, the first toothed rod 926 and the second toothed rod 927, the two second oil pusher plates 923 are driven to slide synchronously towards the drive block 72, thus opening the oil passage 9 of the second oil storage tank 921. 22 is sealed to prevent lubricating oil from entering the air inlet 821. After the impurities on the side wall of the slide rail 4 are cleared, the drive block 72 resets, causing the first oil pusher plate 914 to reset. Subsequently, the two second oil pushers 923 slide synchronously inside the second oil storage tank 921 away from the drive block 72, exposing the oil channel 922. At the same time, the lubricating oil inside the second oil storage tank 921 is sprayed through the air outlet 822 towards the side wall of the slide rail 4, thereby lubricating the side wall of the slide rail 4. This achieves timely lubrication after clearing the blockage area at the slide rail 4 groove end, further reducing sliding friction, preventing jamming and deflection from recurring, ensuring the cutting accuracy of the cutting equipment 6, reducing PCB board cutting defects, and improving production efficiency.
[0021] Furthermore, it also includes a stabilizing component 10 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the sliding block 5 and the driving block 72. The stabilizing component 10 includes a first connecting box 101 located at the side end of the sliding block 5. Two snap-fit blocks 102 are symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower sides of the interior of the first connecting box 101 and are elastically connected by a second spring. The adjacent ends of the two snap-fit blocks 102 are provided with symmetrically arranged inclined edges. A second connecting box 103 is provided on one side of the driving block 72. A connecting rod 104 that passes horizontally through the interior of the first connecting box 101 is provided on one side of the second connecting box 103. Furthermore, the end of the connecting rod 104 is provided with a stop block 105. The stop block 105 has a bevel on the side near the locking block 102, and the bevels of the stop block 105 and the locking block 102 are in contact with each other. An unlocking block 106 is slidably connected on the connecting rod 104. The side of the unlocking block 106 away from the stop block 105 has a bevel, and the side of the unlocking block 106 adjacent to the stop block 105 is in contact with each other. The middle part of the connecting rod 104 is provided with a protrusion that can limit the sliding distance of the unlocking block 106. like Figure 12As shown in this embodiment, in the initial state, in order to improve the stability of the sliding block 5 when it slides and to avoid relative movement between the sliding block 5 and the driving block 72 when it is not obstructed, a locking block 102 and a stop block 105 that abut against each other are provided. At this time, since the sliding block 5 is in an active state, the sliding of the driving block 72 can push the sliding block 5 to slide together, and the relative distance between the two will not change. When the sliding block 5 is resisted by impurities, and the resistance reaches a certain threshold, the sliding block 5 is in a fixed state relative to the driving block 72. At this time, the driving block 72 can drive the stop block 105. The drive block 72 is pushed into the first connecting box 101 and pushed upward to engage the locking block 102. Under the action of the inclined side, the locking block 102 is positioned at the rear end of the unlocking block 106. At this time, the drive block 72 can smoothly enter the sliding block 5 to complete the triggering of the straightening and unblocking device 8. After the dredging and unblocking work is completed, as the drive block 72 is reset, under the action of the inclined side, the connecting block can disengage from the stop block 105 and the unlocking block 106, so that the three are reset to their initial positions. This allows the sliding block 5 and the drive block 72 to be restored to their initial positions and remain stable again, so as to facilitate the subsequent plate cutting work.
[0022] In this embodiment, during operation: First, the robotic arm 2 clamps the PCB board onto the separating table 3. The drive component 7 controls the sliding block 5 to slide horizontally along the slide rail 4, driving the bottom cutting device 6 to separate the PCB board on the separating table 3. The separated PCB board falls onto the conveying device for transport. During the cutting process, the plastic debris generated forms impurities with the lubricating oil on the surface of the slide rail 4. The straightening and unblocking device 8 on the sliding block 5 can promptly remove the impurities from the side wall of the slide rail 4 when the sliding block 5 gets stuck or deflects, and straighten the deflected sliding block 5 to restore its smooth movement. The lubrication device 9 inside the sliding block 5 can promptly replenish lubrication after unblocking the clogging area at the end of the slide rail 4, further reducing sliding friction and preventing the recurrence of stuck or deflected phenomena, ensuring the cutting accuracy of the cutting device 6, reducing PCB board cutting defects, and improving production efficiency. At the same time, it reduces the wear of the sliding block 5 and the slide rail 4, extends the service life of the sliding mechanism and the whole machine, reduces manual cleaning and equipment maintenance costs, eliminates the need for frequent shutdowns for maintenance, and ensures continuous and stable separation operations.
[0023] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A horizontally alternating PCB depaneling machine, characterized in that, Includes a horizontally set workbench (1), and a robotic arm (2) for clamping PCB boards is provided on the top of the workbench (1). A board separation table (3) is provided on one side of the workbench (1) to place PCB boards and separate them. The PCB separation table (3) is provided with a conveying device on one side that can transport and transfer the PCB after separation; a slide rail (4) is provided directly above the conveying device, and a sliding block (5) is provided at the slide groove end of the slide rail (4) and is slidably connected to it in the horizontal direction; a cutting device (6) is provided at the bottom of the sliding block (5) that can cut the PCB after separation. The slide rail (4) is provided with a drive component (7) that can control the sliding block (5) to slide horizontally on the slide rail (4); The sliding block (5) is equipped with a straightening and unblocking device (8). When the sliding block (5) is blocked by impurities on the slide rail (4) and causes sliding jamming or deflection, the straightening and unblocking device (8) can remove the impurities on the side wall of the slide rail (4) and straighten the deflected sliding block (5). The sliding block (5) is equipped with a lubrication device (9) that lubricates the area blocked at the end of the slide rail (4) after clearing the blockage.
2. The horizontal alternating PCB depaneling machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The drive assembly (7) includes a sliding opening (71) on one side of the sliding block (5), a drive block (72) on one side of the sliding block (5) that passes through the sliding opening (71) and is horizontally connected to the side end of the sliding block (5), and a drive cylinder (73) is horizontally provided on one side of the top of the slide rail (4), and the output end of the drive cylinder (73) is connected to the top of the drive block (72).
3. A horizontal alternating PCB depaneling machine as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The straightening and unblocking device (8) includes two triggering components (81) symmetrically arranged on both sides of the sliding block (5). An inflation component (82) is provided on the driving block (72), and air guiding components (83) are provided on both sides of the sliding block (5). Each triggering component (81) includes a first spring (811) horizontally disposed inside the sliding opening (71). The two ends of the first spring (811) are respectively connected to the inner wall of the sliding opening (71) and the side wall of the driving block (72). A sliding cylinder (812) is horizontally provided on the inner side. A pressure sensor (813) is provided at the end of the sliding cylinder (812) away from the drive block (72). A sliding rod (814) is horizontally slidably connected to the side end of the sliding cylinder (812). One end of the sliding rod (814) is connected to the side end of the drive block (72). When the first spring (811) is fully relaxed, the sliding rod (814) cannot slide towards the drive block (72) in the sliding cylinder (812) and can only slide away from the drive block (72).
4. A horizontal alternating PCB depaneling machine as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The inflation assembly (82) includes two inflation slots (821) symmetrically arranged inside the sliding block (5) near the side wall of the slide rail (4). The two inflation slots (821) are provided with an air outlet slot (822) obliquely extending towards the side wall of the slide rail (4) at one end away from the drive block (72). The top of the drive block (72) is provided with an air pump (823). Both air outlet ends of the air pump (823) are connected to an air supply pipe (824), and the two air supply pipes (824) are respectively connected to the end of the two inflation slots (821) near the drive block (72).
5. A horizontal alternating PCB depaneling machine as described in claim 4, characterized in that, Each inflation slot (821) is provided with an air guiding component (83). The air guiding component (83) includes an air guiding groove (831) located inside the side wall of the sliding block (5). A first vent (832) is provided on one side of the air guiding groove (831) and the first vent (832) communicates with the interior of the air guiding groove (831). A plurality of second vents (833) are provided at equal intervals on the side of the sliding block (5) near the side wall of the slide rail (4) and the second vents (833) communicate with the air guiding groove (831). The side wall of the sliding block (5) is... A number of first exhaust grooves (834) are arranged horizontally at equal intervals on one side, and a number of second exhaust grooves (835) are arranged horizontally at equal intervals on the other side of the sliding block (5). Half of the second vent holes (833) are connected to a number of first exhaust grooves (834), and the remaining half of the second vent holes (833) are connected to a number of second exhaust grooves (835). A pressure sequence valve is provided inside the inflation groove (821), and the two valve ends of the pressure sequence valve are connected to the first vent hole (832) and the exhaust groove (822) respectively.
6. A horizontal alternating PCB depaneling machine as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The lubrication device (9) includes an oil outlet assembly (91) located inside the sliding block (5), with two oil spraying assemblies (92) symmetrically arranged on both sides of the oil outlet assembly (91); the oil outlet assembly (91) includes a first oil storage tank (911) located inside the sliding block (5), with an oil injection valve at the top of the first oil storage tank (911) communicating with the outside of the sliding block (5), and two oil injection pipes (912) symmetrically connected to both sides of the first oil storage tank (911), and the oil injection pipes (912) are connected to the first oil storage tank (911). One end of the internal connection is provided with a sealing plate (913) that is rotatably connected by a coil spring to close the connection between the two. The sealing plate (913) can be flipped inside the oil injection pipe (912). The first oil storage tank (911) is provided with a first oil pusher plate (914). A first oil pusher rod (915) is horizontally provided on one side of the first oil pusher plate (914). The first oil pusher rod (915) is slidably connected to the side end of the first oil storage tank (911) in the horizontal direction. One end of the first oil pusher rod (915) is connected to the side end of the drive block (72).
7. A horizontal alternating PCB depaneling machine as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The oil spraying assembly (92) includes a second oil reservoir (921) located inside the sliding block (5) and on one side of the first oil reservoir (911). One side of the second oil reservoir (921) is connected to one end of the oil injection pipe (912). The other side of the second oil reservoir (921) is provided with an oil passage groove (922) connected to the air filling groove (821). The second oil reservoir (921) is provided with a second oil pusher plate (923). A second oil pusher rod (924) is horizontally provided on one side of the second oil pusher plate (923), and the second oil pusher rod (924) is slidably connected to the side end of the second oil reservoir (921) in the horizontal direction. A plugging plate (925) is connected to one side of the second oil pusher plate (923). When the second oil pusher plate (923) slides towards the drive block (72), the plugging plate (925) can close the oil passage groove (922).
8. A horizontal alternating PCB depaneling machine as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The second push rod (924) is provided with a first toothed rod (926) on one side outside the second oil storage tank (921), and a second toothed rod (927) is provided on one side of the first push rod (915). A gear (928) is rotatably connected between the first toothed rod (926) and the second toothed rod (927), and the gear (928) meshes with the first toothed rod (926) and the second toothed rod (927) respectively.
9. A horizontal alternating PCB depaneling machine as described in claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes a stabilizing component (10) symmetrically arranged on both sides of the sliding block (5) and the driving block (72). The stabilizing component (10) includes a first connecting box (101) located on the side of the sliding block (5). The upper and lower sides of the first connecting box (101) are symmetrically arranged with two snap-fit blocks (102) elastically connected by a second spring. The two snap-fit blocks (102) are provided with symmetrically arranged inclined edges at their adjacent ends. The driving block (72) is provided with a second connecting box (103) on one side. The second connecting box (103) is provided with a docking rod (104) that passes horizontally through the inside of the first connecting box (101) on one side.
10. A horizontal alternating PCB depaneling machine as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The end of the connecting rod (104) is provided with a stop block (105). The stop block (105) has a bevel on the side near the snap block (102), and the bevels of the stop block (105) and the snap block (102) are in contact with each other. An unlocking block (106) is slidably connected on the connecting rod (104). The side of the unlocking block (106) away from the stop block (105) has a bevel, and the side of the unlocking block (106) adjacent to the stop block (105) is in contact with each other. The middle part of the connecting rod (104) is provided with a protrusion that can limit the sliding distance of the unlocking block (106).