A feeding device with material crushing function

Abstract

The application discloses a feeding device with a material crushing function, and relates to the technical field of hardening powder scattering and crushing equipment. The feeding device comprises a hopper and a screw conveying mechanism arranged on a rack, and two parallel crushing rollers rotatably arranged in the hopper. Each crushing roller comprises a roller shaft and a plurality of arrayed roller teeth rotatably connected to the circumferential surface of the roller shaft. The roller teeth of the crushing roller are arranged into a plurality of roller tooth groups in an array along the circumferential direction of the roller shaft. The roller teeth of each roller tooth group are arranged in an array along the axial direction of the roller shaft. The roller teeth comprise at least two pairs of blade portions. Each pair of blade portions comprises two oppositely arranged blade edges. The spacing between the two blade edges of each pair of blade portions is different. The roller teeth between the two crushing rollers are arranged in a staggered manner. The adjacent blade edges of two adjacent roller teeth form a shearing crushing pair at the occlusal position. The orientation of the roller teeth is rotated to switch the blade edges of the shearing crushing pair, change the shearing gap of the shearing crushing pair, and maximize the material passing efficiency under the premise of meeting the particle size.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of equipment for breaking down and crushing caking powder, specifically a feeding device with material crushing function. Background Technology

[0002] Twin-roll bar crushers are used for breaking up caking powder materials. They utilize two parallel main shafts with staggered dispersing bars that rotate relative to each other, applying mixing, compression, and shearing actions to the material to break it up. However, during production, in some cases, even after being broken up by the twin-roll bar crusher, some compacted clumps (false particles) still remain in the caking powder. The discharged material must be screened before use.

[0003] Currently, some companies in the industry also increase the number of dispersing teeth on the double rollers of the crusher to reduce the gap between adjacent teeth, thereby improving the dispersing and crushing effect of agglomerated materials. However, the shortcomings are also obvious. The use of this type of equipment is relatively limited. The material handling efficiency of the intermittent double roller crusher with small teeth is limited. When dispersing materials with low degree of agglomeration and no agglomeration, it is not possible to achieve rapid material handling. Therefore, it is difficult to effectively adapt to the dispersing and crushing of materials with different degrees of agglomeration while taking into account the material handling efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a feeding device with material crushing function to solve the problem that the existing double-roll crusher is difficult to effectively adapt to the breaking and crushing of materials with different degrees of agglomeration while taking into account the material feeding efficiency.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a feeding device with material crushing function, comprising a hopper mounted on a frame, a spiral conveying mechanism mounted at the bottom of the hopper, and two parallel crushing rollers rotatably mounted inside the hopper. Each crushing roller includes a roller shaft and a plurality of arrayed roller teeth rotatably connected to the circumference of the roller shaft. The roller teeth include at least two pairs of cutting edges, each pair of cutting edges including two opposing cutting edges, and the span between the two cutting edges of each pair of cutting edges is unequal. The roller teeth between the two crushing rollers are staggered, and the adjacent cutting edges of two adjacent roller teeth form a shearing and crushing pair at the meshing point. The cutting edges of the shearing and crushing pair are switched by rotating the orientation of the roller teeth.

[0006] Furthermore, the cross-section of the roller teeth is a rhombus with unequal diagonal lengths.

[0007] Furthermore, the teeth of the crushing roller are arranged into multiple tooth groups, each tooth group is distributed in a circumferential array along the roller shaft, and the teeth of each tooth group are arranged in an axial array along the roller shaft.

[0008] Furthermore, for any crushing roller, the tooth shaft of the roller tooth penetrates into the interior of the roller shaft, and a column head is eccentrically provided on the tooth shaft. A slide rod is slidably connected axially inside the roller shaft, and the slide rod is provided with several sliding grooves. Each sliding groove and each column head are slidably engaged in a one-to-one correspondence. A drive assembly for driving the slide rod to slide is provided on the frame.

[0009] Furthermore, the drive assembly includes two drive units corresponding to the two crushing rollers. Each drive unit includes a servo motor mounted on the frame and a threaded sleeve coaxially fixed to the output shaft of the servo motor. The threaded sleeve is threadedly connected to a central shaft, which is axially slidably connected to the frame and rotatably connected to the end of the slide rod.

[0010] Furthermore, the drive assembly includes a servo motor and an alternating execution assembly. The alternating execution assembly includes two threaded sleeves, two driven gears, and an intermittent gear ring and a drive gear rotatably connected to the frame. Each of the two threaded sleeves is threadedly connected to a central shaft rotatably disposed at the end of a slide rod. Both central shafts are axially slidably connected to the frame. Each of the two driven gears is coaxially fixedly connected to a threaded sleeve. The intermittent gear ring alternately meshes with the two driven gears. The drive gear meshes with the gear ring and is connected to the output shaft of the servo motor.

[0011] Furthermore, the inner side of the intermittent gear ring has intermittent internal teeth that cooperate with the driven gear, and the outer side of the intermittent gear ring has external teeth that cooperate with the driving gear.

[0012] Furthermore, the frame is equipped with a drive motor for rotating the shaft of the screw conveyor mechanism, and a transmission assembly is provided between the shaft and the roller shafts of the two crushing rollers.

[0013] Furthermore, the transmission component is a belt drive or a chain drive.

[0014] Compared with existing technologies, the present invention provides a feeding device with material crushing function. By rotating the crushing roller teeth onto the roller shaft, and designing the roller teeth to include at least two pairs of cutting edges with unequal spans, the cutting edges forming the shearing and crushing pair can be switched by rotating the roller teeth, thus changing the shearing gap of the shearing and crushing pair. This allows for narrowing the shearing gap in the crushing and dispersing of agglomerated materials containing lumps, improving the shearing and crushing effect on lumps. Conversely, it allows for widening the shearing gap in the crushing and dispersing of agglomerated materials without lumps, thereby accelerating the material throughput. It can be flexibly adjusted according to the degree of material agglomeration, making it widely applicable. Furthermore, for the crushing and dispersing of agglomerated materials, the shearing gap of the shearing and crushing pair can be adjusted according to the required particle size of the loose powder after crushing, maximizing the material throughput efficiency while meeting the particle size requirements. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a structure provided in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a structure provided for another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of power transmission provided in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of two crushing rollers in a biting and shearing state according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a top view of the structure of two crushing rollers in a biting and shearing state provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the slide bar and roller teeth in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a top view of the crushing roller provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 8 A structural cross-sectional view along line AA in the middle; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the roller teeth provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the roller teeth from another perspective provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the roller teeth provided in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the roller teeth provided in another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure when the gap between the shearing and breaking pairs is small, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure when the gap between the shearing and crushing pairs is moderate, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the structure when the gap between the shearing and crushing pairs is large, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 17 A schematic diagram of power transmission provided for another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 18A schematic diagram of the structure of a driving component provided in another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 19 Left view of the structure of a driving component provided in another embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Frame; 2. Hopper; 3. Screw conveyor mechanism; 4. Crushing roller; 41. Roller shaft; 42. Roller teeth; 421. Blade edge; 422. Gear shaft; 423. Column head; 43. Slide rod; 431. Slide groove; 432. Central shaft; 5. Drive assembly; 51. Threaded sleeve; 52. Servo motor; 53. Driven gear; 54. Intermittent gear ring; 55. Drive gear; 6. Drive motor; 7. Transmission assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] Please see Figures 1-19 This invention provides a material crushing device, comprising a frame 1, a hopper 2, a screw conveyor mechanism 3, and a drive motor 6. The hopper 2 and the screw conveyor mechanism 3 are both fixedly mounted on the frame 1. Two parallel crushing rollers 4 are rotatably arranged inside the hopper 2. The screw conveyor mechanism 3 is located at the bottom of the hopper 2, and its tube is connected to the hopper 2. The drive motor 6 is located inside the shell plate on the frame 1 and drives the shaft of the screw conveyor mechanism 3 to rotate. A transmission assembly 7 is provided between the shaft of the screw conveyor mechanism 3 and the roller shafts 41 of the two crushing rollers 4. The shaft drives the two crushing rollers 4 to rotate in opposite directions via the transmission assembly 7 to break up the clumps of powder in the hopper 2. The loose powder after being broken up in the hopper 2 is output through the screw conveyor mechanism 3. The transmission assembly 7 is a belt drive, a toothed belt drive, or a chain drive. In an alternative embodiment, the rotational power of the crushing rollers 4 and the rotational power of the screw conveyor mechanism 3 can be provided separately by the two drive motors 6.

[0020] Each crushing roller 4 includes a roller shaft 41 and a plurality of roller teeth 42 arranged in an array rotatably connected to the circumferential surface of the roller shaft 41. The roller teeth 42 and the roller shaft 41 are dynamically sealed together. Specifically, the roller teeth 42 of the crushing roller 4 are arranged in multiple roller tooth groups, each roller tooth group being arranged in a circumferential array along the roller shaft 41, and the roller teeth 42 of each roller tooth group being arranged in an axial array along the roller shaft 41. Each roller tooth 42 includes at least two pairs of cutting edges, each pair of cutting edges including two opposing cutting edges 421, the span between the two cutting edges 421 of each pair of cutting edges being unequal. In this embodiment, the roller tooth 42 has two pairs of cutting edges, such as... Figure 10-12 As shown, the cross-section of the roller tooth 42 is rhomboid and the diagonal lengths of the rhomboid are not equal.

[0021] Each set of roller teeth between the two crushing rollers 4 corresponds one-to-one, and the roller teeth 42 of the corresponding roller teeth sets are staggered. During the rotation of the two crushing rollers 4, the corresponding two sets of roller teeth bite each other when they approach each other. The adjacent cutting edges 421 of the two adjacent meshing roller teeth 42 form a shearing and crushing pair at the biting point. By rotating the two roller teeth 42 or the orientation of any one of the two roller teeth 42, the cutting edges 421 at the biting point of the roller teeth 42 can be switched, thereby changing the shearing gap of the shearing and crushing pair. In the crushing and dispersing operation of agglomerated materials with lumps, the shearing gap can be reduced to improve the shearing and crushing effect on lumps. In the crushing and dispersing operation of agglomerated materials without lumps, the shearing gap can be expanded to speed up the material throughput. It can be flexibly adjusted according to the degree of material agglomeration and has a wide range of applications. In addition, for the dispersing and crushing of agglomerated materials, the shearing gap of the shearing and crushing pair can be adjusted according to the particle size requirements of the loose powder after dispersing and crushing, so as to maximize the shearing gap and improve the material handling efficiency while meeting the particle size requirements of the loose powder after dispersing and crushing.

[0022] By rotating the diamond-shaped roller teeth 42, the shearing and crushing pair can have three working postures with different shear gaps: one is as follows Figure 14 As shown, the long diagonals of the diamond-shaped roller teeth 42 of the two crushing rollers 4 are parallel to the roller shaft 41. The shearing gap of the shearing crushing pair (i.e., the distance between the two cutting edges 421 forming the shearing crushing pair) is small, which is suitable for shearing and crushing agglomerates to obtain smaller particle sizes; secondly, as shown... Figure 15 As shown, the long diagonal of the rhomboid roller teeth 42 of one crushing roller 4 is parallel to the roller shaft 41, and the short diagonal of the rhomboid roller teeth 42 of the other crushing roller 4 is parallel to the roller shaft 41. The shearing gap of the shearing and crushing pair is moderate, which is suitable for shearing and crushing granules to obtain particles of moderate size; thirdly, as Figure 16 As shown, the short diagonals of the diamond-shaped roller teeth 42 of the two crushing rollers 4 are parallel to the roller shaft 41. The shearing gap of the shearing and crushing pair is relatively large, which is suitable for breaking up and crushing agglomerated materials that have been sheared and crushed to a larger particle size or that have not formed agglomerated particles. During the breaking up and crushing operation, the working posture of the shearing and crushing pair can be flexibly adjusted according to the degree of agglomeration of the agglomerated material and the required particle size of the powder.

[0023] To facilitate synchronous adjustment of the teeth 42 on the same crushing roller 4, the tooth shaft 422 of any crushing roller 4 extends into the interior of the roller shaft 41. A column head 423 is eccentrically positioned on the tooth shaft 422. The axis of the column head 423 is parallel but not coincident with the axis of the roller shaft 41. A sliding rod 43 is slidably connected axially inside the roller shaft 41. The sliding rod 43 has several grooves 431, the length of which is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the sliding rod 43. Each groove 431 slides in a corresponding manner to each column head 423. A drive assembly 5 on the frame 1 drives the sliding rod 43 to slide axially along the roller shaft 41. The sliding rod 43, through the sliding grooves 431 and the column heads 423, drives the synchronous teeth 42 to rotate on the roller shaft 41. In this embodiment, the rhomboid teeth 42 rotate 90°, thus achieving synchronous adjustment of the working posture of the teeth 42 on the same crushing roller 4, making the adjustment convenient and efficient.

[0024] Regarding the specific structure of the drive component 5, this invention provides both a dual-motor scheme and a single-motor scheme. In this embodiment, the drive component 5 adopts a dual-motor scheme, such as... Figure 2 , Figure 4 As shown, the drive assembly 5 includes two drive units corresponding one-to-one with the two crushing rollers 4. Each drive unit includes a servo motor 52 mounted on the frame 1 and a threaded sleeve 51 coaxially fixedly connected to the output shaft of the servo motor 52. The end of the slide rod 43 is rotatably connected to a central shaft 432 via a thrust ball bearing. A bracket is fixedly connected to the frame 1 and axially slidably connected to the central shaft 432. The central shaft 432 can only slide axially and cannot rotate. The threaded sleeve 51 is threadedly connected to the central shaft 432. The two servo motors 52 of the drive assembly 5 are individually controlled to start and stop. The servo motors 52 drive the corresponding threaded sleeves 51 to rotate. The threaded sleeves 51 cause the central shaft 432 to generate axial displacement through the threaded action between them and the central shaft 432, thereby causing the central shaft 432 to drive the slide rod 43 to slide. The threaded sleeves 51 and the central shaft 432 have a reverse transmission self-locking function, which ensures that the roller teeth 42 remain stably in the current position after the servo motors 52 stop working, thereby preventing the roller teeth 42 from passively shifting when shearing and crushing materials.

[0025] In this embodiment, two motors are used to independently control the rotation of the roller teeth 42 of the two crushing rollers 4, which has high control precision and can control the roller teeth 42 to rotate at any angle within the rotation stroke.

[0026] In another embodiment provided by the present invention, the drive component 5 adopts a single motor scheme, such as... Figure 3 , Figures 17-19As shown, the drive assembly 5 includes a servo motor 52 and an alternating execution assembly. The alternating execution assembly includes two threaded sleeves 51, two driven gears 53, and an intermittent gear ring 54 and a drive gear 55 rotatably connected to the frame 1. The ends of the slide rods 43 of the two crushing rollers 4 are rotatably connected to a central shaft 432 via thrust ball bearings. Both central shafts 432 are axially slidably connected to a bracket on the frame 1. Each of the two threaded sleeves 51 is threadedly connected to one of the central shafts 432. Each of the two driven gears 53 is coaxially fixedly connected to one of the threaded sleeves 51. The intermittent gear ring 54 alternately meshes with the two driven gears 53. The drive gear 55 meshes with the gear ring and is connected to the output shaft of the servo motor 52. The inner side of the intermittent gear ring 54 has intermittent internal teeth that mesh with the driven gears 53, and the outer side of the intermittent gear ring 54 has external teeth that mesh with the drive gear 55. The frame 1 is provided with a bracket, which provides rotational support for each drive gear 55, the gear ring, and the two driven gears 53.

[0027] Servo motor 52 drives drive gear 55 to rotate, drive gear 55 to rotate gear ring. Gear ring initially meshes with only one driven gear 53 (designated as the first gear), causing the first gear to rotate. The first gear drives the corresponding threaded sleeve 51 to rotate. The threaded sleeve 51 and the corresponding central shaft 432 move axially through the thread action, thereby causing the central shaft 432 to slide along the corresponding slide rod 43, adjusting the orientation of the roller teeth 42 of one of the crushing rollers 4. At this time, the gear ring just rotates to disengage from the first gear. Servo motor 52 continues to drive drive gear 55 to rotate, drive gear ring to rotate, and gear ring begins to mesh with another driven gear 53 (designated as the second gear), causing the second gear to rotate. The second gear drives the corresponding threaded sleeve 51 to rotate. The threaded sleeve 51 and the corresponding central shaft 432 move axially through the thread action, thereby causing the central shaft 432 to slide along the corresponding slide rod 43, adjusting the orientation of the roller teeth 42 of the other crushing roller 4. The servo motor 52 can be reversed to reset the alternating execution component.

[0028] This embodiment uses only one drive motor 6, which, together with the alternating execution component, can drive the roller teeth 42 of the two crushing rollers 4 to rotate and adjust their positions, thus saving equipment manufacturing costs. At the same time, it is more convenient to operate only a single motor.

[0029] In addition, regardless of whether the drive component 5 is a dual-motor solution or a single-motor solution, the degree of caking of different batches of materials (materials packaged in different woven bags) may be different during the crushing and dispersing operation. Based on the condition of the powder conveyed by the screw conveyor 3, the working posture of the shearing and crushing pair can be adjusted in real time by the servo motor without stopping the machine.

[0030] In another embodiment provided by the present invention, such as Figure 13As shown, the difference from the above embodiment is that the roller teeth 42 have three pairs of cutting edges. The cross-section of the roller teeth 42 is a non-regular centrally symmetrical hexagon, and the lengths of each main diagonal (the line connecting the two corners that cross the three sides) are not equal, and the span between the cutting edges 421 of each pair of cutting edges is not equal. Thus, the two cutting edges 421 forming the shearing and crushing pair have up to 6 combinations, and the shearing gap of the shearing and crushing pair can be adjusted in 6 levels, which can further refine the degree of shearing and crushing of agglomerates and make it applicable to a wider range of working conditions.

[0031] The foregoing has only described certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention by way of illustration. Undoubtedly, those skilled in the art can modify the described embodiments in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the foregoing drawings and descriptions are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A feeding device with material crushing function, comprising a hopper (2) mounted on a frame (1), a screw conveyor mechanism (3) mounted at the bottom of the hopper (2), and two parallel crushing rollers (4) rotatably mounted inside the hopper (2), characterized in that: Each crushing roller (4) includes a roller shaft (41) and a plurality of roller teeth (42) arranged in an array rotatably connected to the circumference of the roller shaft (41). The roller teeth (42) include at least two pairs of cutting edges, each pair of cutting edges including two opposing cutting edges (421), and the span between the two cutting edges (421) of each pair of cutting edges is not equal. The roller teeth (42) between the two crushing rollers (4) are arranged in an alternating manner, and the adjacent cutting edges (421) of the two adjacent roller teeth (42) form a shearing and crushing pair at the meshing point. The cutting edges (421) of the shearing and crushing pair are switched by rotating the orientation of the roller teeth (42).

2. The feeding device with material crushing function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-section of the roller teeth (42) is a rhombus with unequal diagonal lengths.

3. The feeding device with material crushing function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The crushing roller (4) has its roller teeth (42) arranged into multiple roller teeth (42) groups. Each roller teeth (42) group is distributed in a circumferential array along the roller shaft (41), and the roller teeth (42) of each roller teeth (42) group are arranged in an axial array along the roller shaft (41).

4. The feeding device with material crushing function according to claim 1, characterized in that, For any crushing roller (4), the tooth shaft (422) of its roller teeth (42) penetrates into the interior of the roller shaft (41). A column head (423) is eccentrically provided on the tooth shaft (422). A slide rod (43) is slidably connected in the axial direction inside the roller shaft (41). Several slide grooves (431) are provided on the slide rod (43). Each slide groove (431) and each column head (423) are slidably engaged in a one-to-one correspondence. A drive assembly (5) is provided on the frame (1) to drive the slide rod (43) to slide.

5. The feeding device with material crushing function according to claim 4, characterized in that, The drive assembly (5) includes two drive units corresponding to the two crushing rollers (4). Each drive unit includes a servo motor (52) mounted on the frame (1) and a threaded sleeve (51) coaxially fixedly connected to the output shaft of the servo motor (52). The threaded sleeve (51) is threadedly connected to a central shaft (432). The central shaft (432) is axially slidably connected to the frame (1) and rotatably connected to the end of the slide rod (43).

6. The feeding device with material crushing function according to claim 4, characterized in that, The drive assembly (5) includes a servo motor (52) and an alternating execution assembly. The alternating execution assembly includes two threaded sleeves (51), two driven gears (53), and an intermittent gear ring (54) and a drive gear (55) rotatably connected to the frame (1). Each of the two threaded sleeves (51) is threadedly connected to a central shaft (432) rotatably set at the end of a slide rod (43). Both central shafts (432) are axially slidably connected to the frame (1). Each of the two driven gears (53) is coaxially fixedly connected to a threaded sleeve (51). The intermittent gear ring (54) alternately meshes with the two driven gears (53). The drive gear (55) meshes with the gear ring and is connected to the output shaft of the servo motor (52).

7. The feeding device with material crushing function according to claim 6, characterized in that, The intermittent gear ring (54) has intermittent internal teeth that cooperate with the driven gear (53) on its inner side, and external teeth that cooperate with the driving gear (55) on its outer side.

8. The feeding device with material crushing function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The frame (1) is provided with a drive motor (6) for driving the rotating shaft of the screw conveyor (3) to rotate, and a transmission assembly (7) is provided between the rotating shaft and the roller shaft (41) of the two crushing rollers (4).

9. The feeding device with material crushing function according to claim 8, characterized in that, The transmission component (7) is a belt drive or a chain drive.

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