Wireless power transmission system with easy installation mode

Abstract

A system using a laser beam generated by a wireless power transmitter unit in a base station, which enables to implement a simple method of detection, communication with and control of devices installed in public and private spaces, which usually use laser for battery operation and wireless charging. The interaction between the laser beam and the device can be achieved by equipping the device with one or more of the following: (i) a laser detector selected to emit a fluorescent signal when the laser beam is incident on it, or (ii) a retroreflector provided on or near the laser detector, which then sends back to the base station a reflected portion of the incident laser beam, or (iii) a communication channel, usually in the form of a wireless link, between the device and the base station, adapted to transmit a response signal generated in the receiving device when laser is incident on it.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure describes laser technology relevant to the field of installation processes and system components for supporting simplified installation of laser wireless power systems. Background Technology

[0002] Commercial environments, such as shops and other public buildings, can greatly benefit from the ability to easily deploy large numbers of electronic sensing or display products, such as display screens, electronic shelf labels, various sensors, digital cameras, intrusion alarms, etc., within their premises. Such devices typically require electrical infrastructure, which can be expensive and difficult to deploy, especially for individual devices in a single location. For such applications, providing wireless power, often in conjunction with internal energy storage devices (such as rechargeable batteries or supercapacitors) within the deployed electronics, is a known alternative to the need for fixed electrical infrastructure. Residential and office buildings can also benefit from the ability to easily install Internet of Things (IoT) devices and other devices without requiring dedicated electrical infrastructure. Home environments can also benefit from the installation of wirelessly powered products, which typically requires mounting transmitters on ceilings or walls and usually involves technicians.

[0003] In all these cases, technicians' time is expensive, and it would be beneficial if the system allowed for the rapid and efficient installation of wireless power infrastructure.

[0004] Wireless laser tags are remote information provisioning systems that provide remote tracking, such as those illustrated in U.S. Patent No. 7,229,017, "Laser Locating and Tracking System for Externally Activated Tags," by E.A. Richley et al., and in U.S. Publication No. 2015 / 0022321, "Long-Range Electronic Identification System," by DK Lefevre.

[0005] The disclosure of each publication mentioned in this section and other parts of the specification is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This disclosure attempts to provide novel systems and methods that overcome at least some of the drawbacks of existing systems and methods, and describes a new exemplary system that uses a laser beam generated by a wireless power transmitter unit in a base station to detect, communicate with, and control devices installed in public and private spaces, which typically use lasers for battery operation and wireless charging. The interaction between the laser beam and the device can be achieved by equipping the device with one or more of the following:

[0007] (i) A laser detector, selected to emit a fluorescence signal when a laser beam illuminates it, or

[0008] (ii) Retroreflector, which is located on or near the laser detector, and then sends the reflected portion of the irradiated laser beam back to the base station, or

[0009] (iii) A communication channel, typically in the form of a wireless link, between the device and the base station, which is adapted to transmit a response signal generated in the receiving device when the laser is irradiated onto the receiving device.

[0010] A fluorescence detector is typically mounted on a base station or power transmitter, and it is capable of detecting incoherent fluorescence emitted by the device when a laser beam illuminates it. Alternatively or additionally, a retroreflector on the receiver can provide the transmitter with an indication that a laser beam has illuminated the device. Furthermore, a communication channel can facilitate the exchange of information and instructions between the base station or power transmitter and the device, which may require the following: (i) definitively detecting fluorescence emission from the device, or (ii) definitively detecting retroreflection from the device, or (iii) receiving a digital response via the communication channel when laser illumination is detected at the receiver. The system can advantageously operate using a laser beam in the short-wavelength infrared (SWIR) region, and the detection of the beam can be performed by a SWIR laser detector, which can be a photovoltaic cell, a PIN diode, an APD diode, or any other suitable detector adapted to detect when a SWIR laser beam illuminates it. The detector can also be adapted to instruct the supply of power to the device for its operation, such as for keeping an installed battery charged.

[0011] The fluorescence signal is generated by fluorescent material on or within the device, which is typically deposited on or near the laser detector, or embedded within the laser detector. When irradiated with a SWIR laser, the system is adapted to react in at least one of the following ways:

[0012] 1. Fluorescent materials emit fluorescence, which facilitates detection by external detection devices such as infrared cameras or detectors, or by detectors located within laser-emitting base stations / power transmitters. The fluorescence signal can also be used to provide a first unique feature, distinguishing the device from other nearby objects that may emit or reflect light. Fluorescence is specific to the activated fluorescent material and the laser used. For example, illumination of Ho:YAG nanocrystals with a 1.9 μm SWIR laser induces fluorescence at approximately 2.122 μm, which can be easily detected. This is quite different from the wavelength emitted by other materials found in typical environments, which generally do not respond to 1.9 μm lasers, or, in rare cases, do not emit 2122 nm fluorescence. The absorption wavelength can often be modified to a specific laser wavelength by using semiconductors or semiconductor powders. For example, III-V compounds can be tuned from approximately 800 nm all the way up to 2200 nm, thus providing a unique fingerprint for devices using the material. Therefore, fluorescent materials can be identified by two factors: the unique absorption that is altered to SWIR laser; and the unique emission that distinguishes the device response from the response of the environment.

[0013] 2. Positioning using SWIR lasers can also be achieved by adding retroreflectors to the device or by using a filtered retroreflector that only reflects the SWIR laser wavelength. This retroreflected beam is detected by a detector in the base station. Compared to detecting fluorescence emission, retroreflectors offer advantages such as faster response, smaller size, lower cost, and the ability to provide signals with intensity tens of dB higher than fluorescence signals. On the other hand, the level of retroreflection cannot be controlled. Therefore, it is impossible to distinguish between a non-operating device and an operating device that is, for example, experiencing some data transmission obstruction. Data transmission obstruction may occur in scenarios such as stores, and is due to the SWIR electronic channel diode being obscured, for example, by a price tag, or the electronic device being accidentally placed behind other objects on a shelf. If the characteristics used to determine the device's operational status are not required, a retroreflector can indeed be used instead of a fluorescence signal. In addition to fluorescence signals, retroreflectors can also be used to detect devices through redundancy.

[0014] 3. The controller in the base station / wireless charger / wireless power transmitter receives signals from the SWIR laser detector via a communication channel or using fluorescence detection or retroreflective beams, and responds by at least one of the following:

[0015] (a) Transmitting a wireless signal containing information about the device's operating instructions back to the device, and

[0016] (b) Notifying the user (typically the device installer) by sending a signal to a screen, speaker, or electronic signal, for example. This signal could be a visual or auditory signal for a technician, such as causing the technician's terminal to beep and indicate "device successfully paired".

[0017] The specific location of a target device can be identified by recording the aiming direction of the laser emitter, and the type and capability of the target device can be determined based on the response signal, distinguishing it from other illuminations and different nearby devices in the area. This can be done, for example, by aiming the laser at a first device, then at a second device, and analyzing and comparing the fluorescence signal and / or wireless response on the communication channel. This is because only devices targeted by a SWIR laser will respond and emit their characteristic fluorescence signal or its retroreflected signal or characteristic digital response signal through the communication channel. Furthermore, when a SWIR laser is detected by a SWIR laser detector, the base station / wireless power transmitter controller can instruct the wireless data transmitter to send a wireless identification signal that uniquely identifies the specific device, thus providing even more data. The fluorescence response carries very little information; it generally confirms the presence of a device, not its type. Using different lasers and detectors for each device is impractical, so they all use the same laser and the same detector. It is difficult to place different chromophores on different device screens, although limited information such as the type of device detected can be provided. Therefore, fluorescent signals simply tell the base station "a device has been found here," while electronic signals can provide the base station with substantially more identification and functional information, such as "device #123456, type 78 device capable of A, B, C, communication on channel 9, battery; fully charged, device ready."

[0018] In a typical system, a filter can be used to filter out sunlight and transmit laser light absorbed by a SWIR laser detector. The filter, the SWIR laser detector, or another component in the laser path is configured to emit fluorescence in response to the laser, thus facilitating the detection of the device's characteristics even when it is powered off. In most systems, the detector itself can emit fluorescence radiation; in this case, the amount of fluorescence can be controlled by controlling the impedance experienced by the detector. When the system is operating, the detector experiences lower impedance, and vice versa when it is not operating. Alternatively, when the system is operating, photons use their energy to generate a photovoltaic current, and therefore have less redundant energy for generating fluorescence emission. When the device is not fully operational and less photovoltaic current is generated due to the higher impedance experienced by the detector, the fluorescence level is higher than when the device is powered on.

[0019] If the device is “enabled,” the SWIR laser detector controller is configured to send a wireless signal that includes information about the device (such as its ID), properties of the detected laser (such as pulse structure, timing, power), and in most cases, the type of device.

[0020] Therefore, the typical routines that will occur when the system is in use will follow at least most of the following sequence, including the occurrence of the following statements. The sequence of events in those steps related to fluorescence detection is described below for the fluorescence detection option; however, it should be understood that other general steps apply to any of the three detection methods described above.

[0021] i. Detect the SWIR laser irradiating the SWIR laser detector.

[0022] ii. If the device is off, fluorescence is emitted at a characteristic wavelength and a first intensity level.

[0023] iii. If the device is on, fluorescence is typically emitted at an intensity level lower than the first intensity level emitted when the device is off.

[0024] iv. Receive signals from the detector in the device controller.

[0025] v. If the controller is off, now perform the additional steps to turn the controller on.

[0026] vi. In response to signal detection, transmit wireless data from the controller to the base station. The wireless data transmission includes identification information about the device and other information that may be needed for the correct operation of the system.

[0027] vii. In response to the identification and other information about the device, a transmission of wireless data from the base station, such as instructions for the operation of the device, such as aiming direction for the camera field of view of a camera-enabled device, or locking / unlocking instructions for a device capable of locking.

[0028] viii. Use data from the device, for example, via or for:

[0029] Adapting data presentation on the screen.

[0030] Turn a device or circuit on or off.

[0031] Change the device settings.

[0032] Display content from the database on the screen.

[0033] Point the device in different directions.

[0034] Make a sound.

[0035] Reconfigure the device.

[0036] Data collected by the transmission device.

[0037] Change the temperature of the device.

[0038] The time spent on positioning the device can be critical for verifying its correct installation. The faster confirmation of the installation location and the correct response to the SWIR laser are obtained, the faster installation technicians can move on to the next installation. Additionally, it allows for quick and efficient verification of the line-of-sight between the base station and a specific location on the device.

[0039] The system can be used for centralized management of the area where the system is installed. Such a management system can display the location of each device and allow for easy control of each device, for example, by sending data packets to specific devices based on their location.

[0040] Such a management system can display a view of an area (typically a shop, room, or interior space of another building), where devices within the shop, room, or building are marked according to their location, such as by displaying them on a picture of the room or on a floor plan of the room or building. Operations such as mouse clicks can enable the transmission of content to the devices based on their location within the room, and such content can be graphics, instruction codes, or documents, and can be used to display it on the device's screen. Some of these screens can be associated with faulty devices, such as those identified by their fluorescent and / or retroreflective responses and / or signals on the wireless link, and are known to have malfunctioned because no data packet response is transmitted to the base station, or a data packet response definitively indicating a problem is sent, or any other indication of a problem exists.

[0041] In response to a problem, the operator / technician can resolve the issue, for example, by replacing the battery or repositioning the wireless power supply. Alternatively, the problem can be corrected wirelessly, such as by wirelessly restarting the device or wirelessly supplying power to the device, or by remotely or physically updating parameters or software. The entire process can be automated.

[0042] This management interface also allows for updating settings or content on the device, such as automatically or manually sending data files to a device.

[0043] Further applications and details of the specific system setup and operation methods are provided in the Detailed Description of this disclosure.

[0044] Therefore, according to an exemplary embodiment of the apparatus described in this disclosure, a wireless power transmission system is provided, comprising:

[0045] The transmitter module includes:

[0046] (i) Laser beam emitter;

[0047] (ii) a scanner unit for transmitting the laser beam to a region of interest in which an electronic device can be positioned; and

[0048] (iii) An electronic device detection module, adapted to notify the system controller that an electronic device has been detected;

[0049] The electronic device includes a laser detector module adapted to detect the irradiation of the laser beam and to emit fluorescent illumination when the laser beam irradiates it; and

[0050] The wireless power transmission system is adapted to operate in any of the following modes:

[0051] (a) Installation mode, wherein the transmitter module is configured to: (i) use the laser scanner device to scan the region of interest to locate fluorescent illumination emitted by the electronic device; and (ii) upon detection of the fluorescent illumination, issue an indication that the transmitter has successfully located the electronic device; and

[0052] (b) Operating mode, wherein, upon successful location of the electronic device, the transmitter module is configured to point the laser scanner at the electronic device for a predetermined time interval.

[0053] In such a system, the operating mode may include at least one of the following: transmitting information for display by the electronic device; or transmitting instructions for execution by the electronic device. Furthermore, upon detecting irradiation by the laser beam, the electronic device is adapted to enable data transmission to the system controller, the data including at least one of the electronic device's identity information and the electronic device's electronic state.

[0054] The intensity of the fluorescent illumination can provide an indication of a malfunctioning electronic device. A malfunctioning electronic device can be indicated when it emits a higher level of fluorescent illumination than is expected from a malfunctioning electronic device.

[0055] The electronic device may also include an energy storage device that enables it to operate, and the operating mode may thus include providing power from the laser beam to charge the energy storage device. The energy storage device may include at least one of a battery and a capacitor.

[0056] Additionally, in any of these systems, the scanner unit may further include a scanning mirror adapted to scan the region of interest, enabling the laser beam to locate the electronic device within the region of interest by detecting the fluorescent illumination generated by the laser beam irradiating the electronic device. The laser detector module on the electronic device should include a filter adapted to reduce the sensitivity of the laser detector module to sunlight, and the laser beam may have a wavelength within the short-wavelength infrared (SWIR) region.

[0057] In addition, the electronic device may be any of the following: an electronic faucet, a remote electronic sensor, an information display screen, an electronically operated window shade, an electronically operated window, an electronic tag, an electronic message display, and an electronically operated camera system.

[0058] Additionally, the system may include a wireless communication channel between the electronic device and the transmitter module, enabling the transmission of information or instructions between the electronic device and the transmitter module. The information may be a notification that the laser beam has been detected irradiating the electronic device, and the instructions may be elements of the operating mode of the wireless power transmission system.

[0059] According to further embodiments of this disclosure, a system for communicating with at least one electronic device in a region of interest is also provided, the system comprising:

[0060] (i) A laser scanner unit for transmitting a laser beam to the region of interest;

[0061] (ii) A laser detector module mounted on an electronic device, including a retroreflector, wherein when the laser beam irradiates the laser detector module, the laser detector module is adapted to retroreflect a portion of the laser beam back to the laser scanner unit; and

[0062] (iii) The retroreflection detection module on the laser scanner unit is adapted to notify the system controller that retroreflection illumination from the laser detector module on the electronic device is detected, the retroreflection detection module including a filter that substantially blocks the transmission of light other than light having the wavelength of the laser beam;

[0063] Upon receiving a notification that retroreflective illumination has been detected from the laser detector module on the at least one electronic device, the system controller is adapted to:

[0064] (a) Instructing the laser scanning unit to transmit an initial energy packet to the electronic device to ensure that the electronic device is operational, and

[0065] (b) Activate the wireless control channel to enable control of at least one function of the operating electronic device.

[0066] In such a system, the at least one function of the operating electronic device may further include at least one of the following: instructing the electronic device to display information; or instructing the device to perform a predetermined function. The electronic device may also include an energy storage device to enable its operation, and the laser beam is operable when instructed by the system controller to provide power for charging the energy storage device. Additionally, in any such system, the laser beam may have a wavelength within the short-wavelength infrared (SWIR) region.

[0067] Furthermore, in any of the above-described systems, the wireless control channel can also enable the transmission of information including at least one of the electronic device's identity information and the electronic device's electronic state. Additionally, the laser beam from the laser scanner unit can be configured to scan the region of interest, enabling the laser beam to locate the electronic device's position within the region of interest by detecting back-reflected illumination from the electronic device.

[0068] Finally, in any of the above systems, the electronic device is any one of the following: an electronic faucet, a remote electronic sensor, an information display screen, an electronically operated window shade, an electronically operated window, an electronic tag, an electronic message display, and an electronically operated camera system.

[0069] According to an exemplary embodiment of the method of this disclosure, a method is also provided that enables at least one of the installation and maintenance of a remote electronic device, the remote electronic device having a laser detector module adapted to detect irradiation by a laser beam, the method comprising:

[0070] (i) A scanning laser beam is transmitted from the base station to a region of interest in which remote electronic devices can be detected;

[0071] (ii) When the scanning laser beam is detected on the electronic device, information regarding the presence of the electronic device is transmitted from the electronic device back to the base station; and

[0072] (iii) Upon receiving the information regarding the presence of the electronic device, the laser beam is directed to the electronic device to perform at least one of an installation task and a maintenance task on the electronic device.

[0073] The detection of the laser beam irradiating the electronic device is achieved by at least one of the following:

[0074] (a) Detecting fluorescence emission from the electronic device at the base station;

[0075] (b) Detecting the retroreflection of the laser beam from the electronic device at the base station, or

[0076] (c) Receive wireless communication from the electronic device at the base station via a communication channel between the electronic device and the base station.

[0077] In this method, the communication channel between the electronic device and the base station can also be used to exchange information or instructions between the electronic device and the base station after any of the following:

[0078] (i) The fluorescence emission from the electronic device is definitely detected at the base station;

[0079] (ii) Retroreflection from the electronic device is definitely detected at the base station; or

[0080] (iii) When the laser irradiation is detected at the electronic device, a digital response is received at the base station via the communication channel.

[0081] In either of the two methods described above, upon receiving information regarding the use of the fluorescence detection or retroreflection beam, or upon detecting the laser beam irradiating the electronic device via the communication channel, the base station may respond by at least one of the following:

[0082] (a) transmitting a wireless signal containing information about operating instructions for the device back to the electronic device; and

[0083] (b) Sending a confirmation signal to the user regarding contact with or installation of the electronic device. In this case, the confirmation signal may be one or more of the following: a signal output to the display screen or speaker of the electronic device; or an electronic signal. Alternatively, the confirmation signal may be one or more of a visual or auditory signal used by an installation technician to confirm successful communication with the electronic device.

[0084] In any such method, the communication channel can be advantageously adapted to provide the base station with substantially more identification and functional information than the fluorescent emission signal or the retroreflector signal. Additionally, the communication channel can be adapted to provide at least one of the following: identification information of the electronic device; and the electronic state of the electronic device. In such a case, the communication channel should be adapted to provide instructions for the operation of the electronic device after determining its identification and electronic state.

[0085] In the latter case, these instructions for operating the electronic device may include at least one of the following:

[0086] (i) Aim at the field of view of the camera-enabled electronic device;

[0087] (ii) To execute a lock or unlock command on an electronic device capable of being locked;

[0088] (iii) Displaying data provided from the base station on the screen;

[0089] (iv) Turning the device or the circuitry within the device on or off;

[0090] (v) Change the settings of the device;

[0091] (vi) Displaying content from the database on the screen of the electronic device;

[0092] (vii) Provide instructions to point the display of the electronic device in different directions;

[0093] (viii) To make a sound;

[0094] (ix) Reconfigure the device;

[0095] (x) Restart the computing device located in the electronic device;

[0096] (xi) Transmitting the data collected by the device; and

[0097] (xii) Change the temperature of the device.

[0098] These methods enable a reduction in the time required for technicians to install and configure the electronic devices. Furthermore, they enable centralized management of the installation and operation of multiple electronic devices at a single location.

[0099] Finally, in any of the above methods, the electronic device may be any of the following: an electronic faucet, a remote electronic sensor, an information display screen, an electronically operated window shading, an electronically operated window, an electronic tag, an electronic message display, and an electronically operated camera system.

[0100] Additionally, according to an exemplary embodiment of the apparatus described in this disclosure, a wireless power transmission system is provided, the system comprising:

[0101] A wireless power transmission system, having installation and operation modes, includes:

[0102] (i) A transmitter, comprising:

[0103] Laser beam emitter;

[0104] A scanner unit for emitting a laser beam into a region of interest, wherein a receiver may be located within the region of interest; and

[0105] The receiver detection module is used to notify the system controller that a receiver has been detected; and

[0106] (ii) A receiver, including:

[0107] A laser detector module, mounted on an electronic device, is suitable for detecting laser beam irradiation and emitting fluorescent illumination when the laser beam irradiates it; wherein:

[0108] (a) During installation mode, the transmitter is configured to use a laser scanning device to scan the region of interest to locate the receiver, and upon detection of the receiver, the system is adapted to issue an indication from the transmitter that the receiver has been successfully located; and

[0109] (b) During operation mode, the transmitter is configured to point the laser scanner at the receiver for a predetermined time interval.

[0110] Another exemplary embodiment of the apparatus described in this disclosure is also provided, wherein a system for communicating with at least one electronic device within a region of interest is shown, the system comprising:

[0111] (i) A laser scanner unit for transmitting a laser beam to the region of interest;

[0112] (ii) A laser detector module mounted on an electronic device, including a retroreflector, wherein when a laser beam irradiates the laser detector module, the laser detector module is adapted to reflect a portion of the laser beam back to the laser scanner unit;

[0113] (iii) A retroreflective detector module, located on the laser scanner unit, adapted to notify the system controller of the detection of retroreflective illumination from the laser detector module on the electronic device, the retroreflective module including a filter that substantially blocks the transmission of light with a wavelength different from that of the laser beam; and

[0114] (iv) A monitoring system, suitable for:

[0115] A remote monitoring electronic device is used to receive information from the system controller, indicating that retroreflected illumination from the electronic device has been detected at the laser scanner unit; and...

[0116] Upon receiving an instruction from the system controller that retroreflective illumination from the electronic device has been detected at the laser scanner unit,

[0117] (a) Transferring initial energy packets from the laser scanning unit to the electronic device to ensure the electronic device is operational; and

[0118] (b) Activate the wireless control channel to enable control of at least one function of the operating electronic device.

[0119] Another embodiment of the system disclosed in this application describes a system for monitoring at least one electronic device in a region of interest, the system comprising:

[0120] (i) A laser scanner unit for transmitting a SWIR laser beam to the region of interest;

[0121] (ii) A laser detector module, mounted on at least one electronic device, the laser detector module being adapted to emit fluorescent illumination when irradiated thereon by a SWIR laser beam; and

[0122] (iii) A fluorescence detection module, which may be on the laser scanner unit or as one of the tools that a technician may carry, is adapted to notify the system controller or installer of the fluorescence illumination that will come from the laser detector module on the electronic device.

[0123] In this system, the at least one electronic device has at least a low electronic activity state and a high electronic activity state, and the intensity of the emitted fluorescent illumination when the laser beam irradiates the laser detection module depends on the electronic activity state of the electronic device. In such a system, the intensity of the fluorescent illumination can thus provide an indication of a non-functional electronic device.

[0124] In such a system, the electronic device may also include a wireless transceiver adapted to transmit data from the laser scanner unit to the electronic device when the system controller notifies that fluorescent illumination from the electronic device has been detected at the laser scanner unit. The data transmitted to the electronic device includes at least one of information to be displayed by the electronic device or instructions to be executed by the electronic device. It should be noted that this data transmission can be initiated by a base station / wireless power transmitter, but can be performed by different wireless systems, and the two signals do not need to be transmitted from the same source.

[0125] According to further embodiments of this disclosure, an electronic device for communicating with a base station is also provided, the electronic device comprising:

[0126] (i) A laser detector module adapted to emit fluorescent illumination and output an electrical signal when a laser beam from a base station illuminates the laser detector module;

[0127] (ii) A wireless transmitter, adapted to transmit data packets from an electronic device to a base station when the device controller receives an electrical signal from a laser detection module indicating irradiation by a laser beam from a base station; and

[0128] (iii) A wireless receiver adapted to receive from a base station or other source at least one of: (a) information for use by the electronic device, or (b) instructions for the electronic device to execute if the base station detects at least one of fluorescent illumination, retroreflective signals or data packets from the electronic device. Attached Figure Description

[0129] The invention will be more fully understood and appreciated from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0130] Figure 1 The illustration schematically depicts a typical shopping shelf scenario in which the device of the present invention and a system using such a device can be advantageously used;

[0131] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The magnified portion of one of the frames shows a fluorescent signal emitted from the device in response to SWIR laser beam illumination;

[0132] Figure 3 A typical floor plan of the store is shown, illustrating the location and status of various shelves and display aisles within the store.

[0133] Figure 4 It shows in such as Figures 1 to 3 A simplified block diagram of a typical device used in the application;

[0134] Figure 5 The spectrum of solar radiation reaching Earth is shown;

[0135] Figure 6 It shows the complete electromagnetic radiation spectrum from UV to microwave; and

[0136] Figure 7 Additional safety features of the SWIR laser scanner currently described are shown, which enhance the operational safety of the system by protecting the system and the user in the event of an unintended short circuit within the device. Detailed Implementation

[0137] First refer to Figure 1 It schematically illustrates exemplary scenarios in which the apparatus of this application and a system using such apparatus can be advantageously used. Figure 1A graphical representation of a typical commercial or residential scenario (in this example, a store's display channel) is shown. Other areas of use and applications of the inventive concept of this disclosure have been described later in this disclosure; however, the stored example has been used as a non-limiting example for describing the many details of how the system and its methods operate. It should be understood, however, that the details specific to the store implementation are not intended to reduce the general applicability of the systems and apparatus currently described to other areas. Figure 1 In an exemplary application, a number of devices 102, installed in suitable locations on a shelf in a passageway according to the present disclosure, are shown. Figure 1 In the example shown, device 102 is equipped with a screen that displays information such as the location of an electronic shelf or product labels, or as a more general information screen. Alternatively, the device may incorporate sensors to determine its location, or it may incorporate imaging or inspection equipment that enables the determination of the number of products still on the shelf, the presence of a purchaser near the device, or any other function of such a smart device that can be invoked in such a scenario. Figure 1 In the illustrations, all devices are shown to have a similar appearance and a display screen; however, in real-life scenarios, devices can have different functions and therefore different appearances. Figure 1 In the exemplary setup shown, base station 100 (also referred to as a laser scanner unit) is shown mounted at a location where it can survey the entire area to be controlled, and in this case, it is mounted on the ceiling 109 of a passageway; however, any other suitable location would be equally useful. The base station includes a laser emitter 103, which may advantageously be a short-wavelength infrared laser emitting a laser beam 101, hereinafter referred to as a SWIR laser. Base station 100 also includes a scanning device 104, such that the laser beam 101 emitted from base station 100 can be guided through optical window 105 to any part of the area under the control of the base station. According to instructions provided to it by the system based on the task at hand, beam 101 scans the surrounding environment until it encounters one of the devices 102, or is guided by the scanner controller to a selected device 102. Base station 100 may be combined with base station control unit 108, which is configured to supervise and coordinate the overall operation of the base station SWIR laser scanner unit 100.

[0138] When the SWIR laser beam 101 shines on the device 102, as Figure 2As shown, the device emits fluorescence 203, which can be remotely detected by detection device 106 on a base station. Alternatively, fluorescence 203 can be remotely detected by a device carried by the installer or by another device, thereby defining the presence of device 102 and also enabling the provision of information about the status of the device. In the first case, the level of fluorescence radiation emitted by the device can provide information about the operating status of the device.

[0139] Typically, if a device is not operational, such as by being switched off, in sleep or hibernation mode, or malfunctioning, the fluorescence signal emitted from a photovoltaic cell has a higher level than that from a device that is switched on and running. This is because when a photovoltaic cell is not powered, the photons from the SWIR laser beam irradiating the cell do not generate a photocurrent. However, these photons must somehow relinquish most of their energy, which is thus used to generate fluorescence and additional heat. The level of the generated fluorescence flux is proportional to the impedance of the photovoltaic cell, reaching its highest point when no voltage is applied. This characteristic of emitting fluorescence even when the device is not operational allows base stations to detect devices even when they are switched off or in sleep mode, without a decrease in reliability compared to when they are operational. It also makes it easier to identify “off devices,” a useful feature if there is a problem preventing their operation, allowing for the resolution of that problem, for example, by powering them on or by turning them on. Once operational, a device can send wireless data packets indicating its identity ID and its “ready” status. In environments such as stores, where multiple devices are operating and some may not be, identifying the status of each device is crucial for business performance. The presence of many such devices in the same space can create problems in quickly and efficiently identifying the location and status of each device and providing relevant information to it.

[0140] Location functionality (using a SWIR laser) can also be achieved by adding a retroreflector to the device or by using a filtered retroreflector that reflects only the SWIR laser wavelength. This retroreflected beam is detected by a detector in the base station. Retroreflectors are superior to fluorescence emission detection due to their faster response, smaller size, lower cost, and ability to provide signal strength tens of dB greater than fluorescence signals; however, their level cannot be controlled. Therefore, it is impossible to distinguish between a non-operating device and an operating device, but data transmission may be blocked in some way, for example. This blocking could occur, for example, because the SWIR electronic channel diode is covered by a price tag, or because the device is inadvertently placed behind another object on the shelf. If the features used to determine the device's operating status are not necessary, a retroreflector can practically be used instead of a fluorescence signal. Retroreflectors can also be used in addition to fluorescence signals to allow for device detection through redundancy.

[0141] Figure 2 It shows Figure 1 The enlarged portion of one shelf in the shopping aisle shown illustrates a fluorescence signal 203 emitted from device 102 in response to SWIR laser 101 illuminating the device. The fluorescence is emitted incoherently and at a wavelength longer than that of the SWIR laser 101, but generally still within the SWIR region of the spectrum. Because the fluorescence emission is incoherent and uncollimated, the illumination level at remote locations (such as at a base station) can be several orders of magnitude smaller than the laser beam power intensity, but should still be easily detected by the detector 106 at the base station. Other functional elements of the base station 100 are described below in the section describing the SWIR laser scanner.

[0142] Now for reference Figure 3 The diagram shows a typical floor plan of the store, illustrating the location and status of various devices located on different shelves and in display aisles. Some devices 301 respond to SWIR laser illumination with low-level fluorescent signals and corresponding wireless packets, both indicating normal operation. Other devices 302 may be offline, switched off, or malfunctioning, and therefore emit fluorescent signals with a higher intensity level than the normally operating devices 301, indicating problems in those devices 302. If a device is switched off, no wireless packets are generated.

[0143] Potentially problematic device 302 can be detected by observing any of the following:

[0144] 1. High fluorescence signal.

[0145] 2. Data packets are missing.

[0146] 3. Grouping of data to indicate the problem.

[0147] 4. Loss signal from a previously detected device.

[0148] 5. Back-reflected signal but no data packets.

[0149] 6. Retroreflected signals and data grouping indicating problems.

[0150] 7. Fluorescence signals without retroreflection.

[0151] 8. Retroreflected signal without fluorescence.

[0152] Now for reference Figure 4The diagram illustrates a simplified block diagram of a typical apparatus used in applications of this disclosure. A SWIR laser detector 401 is covered or coated with a fluorescent emitter 402, or embedded in or near the fluorescent emitter 402. Alternatively, one or more semiconductor layers of the detector itself may respond to a SWIR laser emission fluorescent signal. The SWIR laser detector 401 is typically connected via conversion circuitry (such as DC / DC converters, analog-to-digital converters, MPPT circuitry, voltage and current sensing circuitry systems) and even other processors or communication channels, such as CAN bus or I / O. 2 C) It outputs its signal to the SWIR laser detector controller 404. If the controller 404 is on, it can be configured to attenuate the fluorescence signal, for example, by changing the temperature, impedance or resistance on the SWIR laser detector, or capacitance thereon. In this way, the base station can determine whether the circuit is on or off, because if the controller 404 is off, no attenuation will occur. If the controller 404 is off or in a low-power state (such as sleep or hibernation), it can be turned on in response to a signal from the SWIR laser detector 402. Once the controller is running, it is configured to send wireless data packets to the base station in response to an indication of irradiation by the SWIR laser beam from the SWIR laser detector 401. The wireless data packets are transmitted using a data transmitter or transceiver 403 and may include ID and other data, such as the status of the vehicle battery 405, or the proximity sensor 406, or other sensors that may be connected to the controller 404. The controller 404 is also connected to an auxiliary device 407, which may typically be an electronic display for providing information to the device's surroundings or some other component. The transmitted wireless data packets can further return the status of the meter readings, which can be used for billing or subscription services, such as:

[0153] 1. Power consumed by the device

[0154] 2. Power consumed by the device in a time frame

[0155] 3. Total usage time

[0156] 4. Total usage time in a specific state, such as "screen on".

[0157] 5. Measure the number of occurrences, such as the number of people approaching the device as recorded by proximity sensors.

[0158] 6. The amount of data received or transmitted by the device.

[0159] 7. Number of times the button was pressed or the device was touched.

[0160] 8. Barcodes scanned by the device

[0161] 9. Content processed by the device

[0162] 10. Another performance meter

[0163] 11. The number of items that changed on the shelf.

[0164] 12. An image of the surrounding environment of the device or an adjusted version thereof.

[0165] 13. Data extracted from sensing data captured from the device's surrounding environment.

[0166] The controller 404 can receive data packets via transceiver 403 or another wireless transceiver, and can use these data packets to configure the attached subsystem 407.

[0167] Whether at full level or attenuated, most fluorescent signals are typically emitted at a solid angle of at least 0.85 spherical degrees and can usually be detected from approximately 4.5 spherical degrees, although at such a large angle, it can be difficult to distinguish between attenuated and non-attenuated signals. Signals can also typically be detected at distances up to 30 meters, provided there is a line of sight from the device to the base station. This is usually ensured by illuminating the SWIR laser beam along essentially the same path. Therefore, the SWIR laser beam and fluorescent signals can be used to identify which devices are visible from a specific point (such as from a customer's field of view), from a camera (such as a security camera or inventory tracking camera), from a robot's field of view, or from a charging device's field of view.

[0168] Now for reference Figure 5 The diagram shows the spectrum of solar radiation reaching Earth and is presented to illustrate why a SWIR laser is preferred for this device. It can be seen that the irradiance in the SWIR region is much lower compared to the NIR and VIS regions. UV radiation is hazardous and should not be used in this application. MWIR detectors are highly temperature-dependent and generally not readily available, thus more expensive for current applications. While VIS and NIR lasers can be used, they should only be used indoors and not directly exposed to sunlight. The laser detector should be configured to generate a signal solely in response to a laser beam. If the detector generates a signal in response to sunlight, the system will be difficult to operate. (From...) Figure 5 As can be seen, wavelengths above 1100 nm offer significantly lower spectral irradiance compared to wavelengths in the NIR and VIS regions. Lasers in the SWIR portion of the spectrum can be diode lasers, and detectors and lasers in this region are widely available. For example, a 1mW 1500nm laser, typically with a bandwidth of less than 5nm, offers low power, low cost, small size, and safety. 1500nm detectors are also widely available. If focused to 1cm... 2If the beam is large enough, then the irradiance of this laser will be 2 watts / m². 2 / nm, which is about 10dB higher than the solar spectrum in this region. With a suitable filter for the main transmitted laser wavelength, laser detection is possible even under direct sunlight. On the other hand, it would be very difficult to distinguish a 532nm laser (a common second harmonic of the wavelength of Nd:YAG lasers) with the same parameters from sunlight.

[0169] Now for reference Figure 6 This figure shows the complete electromagnetic radiation spectrum from UV to microwave. It is one of various sources and is used to define the SWIR spectral region used in this disclosure. The figure is sourced from: https: / / www.edmundoptics.com / knowledge-center / application-notes / imaging / what-is-swir /

[0170] Other sources define SWIR as a wavelength between 1 micrometer and 2.0 micrometers, such as Figure 5 As shown, the wavelength is between 0.9 micrometers and 1.7 micrometers. In this disclosure, SWIR is defined as a wavelength range between 1 micrometer and 2.5 micrometers.

[0171] Many features and methods of the setup and operating system are now outlined to present additional novel uses and methods of use of the system disclosed herein.

[0172] The system's installation and usage modes.

[0173] During installation, the device can be configured into "installation mode." During this process, the SWIR laser scans the area (usually rapidly) to reach the desired device as quickly as possible. The SWIR laser scanner can scan the room by commands issued by the device or remotely, via an app, remote control, button, transmitter, or another input on the device. In installation mode, upon detecting SWIR laser illumination, the device notifies the system that it has been installed and is operational, allowing the system to register it and its location. It typically also notifies the installer of successful setup, for example, by displaying an acknowledgment signal on the screen. This informs the installer that the device is correctly positioned within the transmitter's field of view and that the transmitter is within the device's field of view. It should be noted that the field of view of either or both of the transmitter and the device may not be fully 400°. π-sphericity means that one of the transmitters or receivers can be within the field of view of the other, while the other cannot.

[0174] While the device described above is generally described as being intended to provide information and is therefore equipped with a screen, the system can also be used for devices intended for other purposes without a screen. A common application is for controlling cameras, and in particular security cameras (used as a non-limiting example in this specification), traffic cameras, or crowd control cameras. The same advantages described above in the store scenario—rapid detection, quick and affirmative feedback on correct installation, line-of-sight reporting, centralized management, and the ability to remotely detect faulty or inactive devices—can also be advantageously used in such camera systems. Although a security camera device does not require a screen, it may require pan / tilt phases for aiming in a desired direction and / or zoom commands for closing over a region of interest. Therefore, in the context of the system currently described, upon detection of SWIR laser illumination, the camera module will emit a fluorescent signal, typically indicating the status of the controller within the camera module, or it may retroreflect the detection signal and additionally emit wireless data packets, assuming the controller is operational. In response, the management system or central monitoring facility will record the camera's location and will enable the sending of instructions to it, which may include any one or more of the following: panning, tilting, zooming, downloading and firmware update functions, or any other instructions required by the facility to utilize the security camera device.

[0175] Electric faucet

[0176] Another device that can benefit from the system described herein is an electronic faucet activated by a user's hand movement within the field of view of a hand detector. While the problem of locating the position of a faucet or other water valve is generally less critical than the problem of locating a portable screen or camera, the capabilities described in this application (including detecting whether the faucet controller is on or off) and the installer's ability to quickly verify correct installation are highly advantageous, as a faulty electric valve can be a critical issue requiring rapid detection and repair. Thus, for example, battery replacement or replacement of damaged parts can be quickly detected and repaired.

[0177] Remote Sensors

[0178] Another type of device that can benefit from the systems disclosed herein is a remote sensor. While sensors similar to the camera systems described above may not require a screen, even those that do include a screen for displaying measurements, such as temperature sensors, are highly advantageous tasks, for example, in large industrial installations, for the rapid verification of proper installation and sensor positioning, and for determining their operational status, especially for maintenance operations in such installations. In the case of such sensors, the SWIR laser detects the sensor's location, and the system determines their operational status based on measurements of fluorescence generated within the device, or in response to the detection of irradiation by the laser beam, from specific data transmission from the device and its subsequent digital response, and can then wirelessly transmit the content to the sensor to ensure accurate measurements. Technicians can use this data to quickly diagnose problems and can then respond using transmitter repositioning, removal of obstructions from the beam's path, calibration updates, measurement scheduling, firmware updates, or other necessary inputs that can be wirelessly transmitted to the sensor.

[0179] Shade for electrically operated devices.

[0180] Another type of device that can benefit from the use of the current system and its control over remote devices is an electrically operated light shield. While such light shields are typically not equipped with a screen, if they were, the current light shield device could also display temperature, time, weather, lighting details, and other valuable data related to the light shield's function. In commercial settings, such light shields may be battery-powered, equipped with backup batteries, or powered by a wireless power system. In such scenarios, it is difficult to determine from a distance whether the light shield is operational, and physical access to it is time-consuming, as it typically requires using stairs or ladders to approach the light shield's operating mechanism. The current device's ability to identify the operational status of a light shield from a distance using the SWIR laser system disclosed herein is highly useful. After using the SWIR laser identification device and receiving a data response (if returned), the system can then send commands to the electrically operated light shield and perform actions such as updating its software, charging its battery, or ordering a replacement battery.

[0181] Electrical operation window

[0182] Another type of device that can benefit from the use of the current system and its control over remote devices is an electrically operated window, meaning a window whose optical properties are electronically altered. Some such window operating devices can also be equipped with a screen from the current device to display, for example, temperature, time, weather, lighting details, and other valuable data. In commercial scenarios, such windows can be powered by batteries, backup batteries, or from a wireless power system. In such scenarios, it is difficult to know from a distance whether a window is operational, and physically accessing it is time-consuming, as it typically requires ladders and screwdrivers to access and repair it. The current device makes the ability to identify the status of a product from a distance using a SWIR laser highly advantageous. After using the SWIR laser identification device and receiving a data response (if a return is made), the system can then send commands to the electrically operated window and update its software, charge its onboard battery, or order a battery replacement or any similar maintenance or repair activity.

[0183] Electronic shelf labels

[0184] There are multiple aspects to the system disclosed herein that enable the implementation of electronic shelf labels. Thus, for example, a screen attached to the system described above can also be used as a smart electronic shelf label, the content of which can be remotely changed according to store management requirements. Similarly, a camera or sensor attached to the currently described system can also be used as a key component of the smart shelf system.

[0185] Device Installation Help

[0186] Another feature of the system disclosed herein is its ability to assist the installer in correctly installing the device itself. Installing the device in the absence of a line of sight from the SWIR laser emitter can lead to a number of problems, ranging from RF signals being blocked by metallic objects in the line of sight to simply not being able to view or update the device status on the facility's central control screen. To address this, the device may include an output capability that notifies the installer whether the SWIR laser is aligned with the SWIR laser detector. This output capability can be a notification on the device screen, indicator LEDs, a sound emission system, or a wireless notification to the installer. The device may also include an input mechanism, such as a push-button, or a special mode that can be used locally or from a wireless network. The input mechanism allows the device to behave differently from its normal operating mode for a short time in this installation mode, for example, by emitting a unique sound, turning LEDs on / off in a specific pattern, or displaying installation messages on the screen. Typically, the device can switch back to normal operating mode after a predefined time (e.g., from 1 minute to 24 hours) or once a SWIR laser is detected. This helps the installer locate the device within the line of sight from the SWIR laser scanner.

[0187] Once the device detects irradiation from the SWIR laser scanner, it can enter a setup mode, which allows selection of various settings such as screen brightness, orientation sensing position, sending a positive signal to indicate installation conditions, or scanning location-related barcodes.

[0188] SWIR laser scanner

[0189] Now for reference Figure 1 This illustrates a typical use of a SWIR scanner implementation for an exemplary case of a fluorescence detection system used in a store setting; however, it should be understood that this is only used as an example of such an installation and is not intended to be limited to this configuration. Figure 1 The SWIR laser scanner system 100 shown is mounted on the ceiling 109 of a shop. A typical SWIR laser scanner system includes a SWIR laser emitter 103, a deflector 104 for aiming the laser beam through an optical window 105 in different directions, a detection mechanism 106 for detecting fluorescence signals returned from the device (however, this detector can also be a retroreflective detector), and a transceiver antenna 107 for receiving wireless data packets from the device 102 and for sending instructions or data back to the device 102. The fluorescence or retroreflective signal detector 106 typically includes: a filter that blocks most of the solar spectrum and, in the case of fluorescence detection, the wavelength of the SWIR laser itself; and a detector, typically a diode, for detecting the returned signal. The SWIR laser scanner unit may include a base station control unit 108 configured to supervise the overall operation of the SWIR laser scanner unit. Alternatively and additionally, the SWIR laser scanner may also include a network connection (…). Figure 1 (Not shown in the image), thus allowing remote control of the SWIR laser scanner, as well as the transmission of output data, such as the location of the device within the store. The laser scanner can also be used to generate a rough image of the surrounding environment, which helps map the signal onto the store's floor plan.

[0190] Fluorescence signal detector

[0191] As mentioned earlier, for systems using fluorescence detection, the fluorescence signal detector typically includes a filter to block direct sunlight while transmitting the fluorescence signal. In some applications, particularly indoor applications, the sunlight blocking filter can be omitted. The sunlight blocking feature can also be replaced by a capping layer on top of a diode, or by selecting a diode with a low response to wavelengths in the visible spectrum, which effectively serves the same purpose as a sunlight blocking filter. At the other end of the communication channel, in the base station, the detector used to detect fluorescence is typically equipped with a laser blocking filter. The laser blocking feature is very important, but it can be achieved by using a filter or by physically separating the laser and scanner system from the fluorescence signal detector, thereby preventing the SWIR laser itself from reaching the detector.

[0192] The advantage of filter-based systems is that the diode can "see" the world through a scanning mirror, and therefore has only a narrow field of view, thus being exposed to far less signal compared to a diode that observes a very wide field of view. Wide field-of-view systems are advantageous because they are optically simpler and can even operate without filters. Fluorescence signal detectors may also include diodes for detecting the signal, and typically also include amplifiers and analog-to-digital converters.

[0193] Central Management Console

[0194] Returning now to the central management console of the exemplary store implementation, this system allows control over devices installed in the store. Typically, it provides access to at least some of the following features:

[0195] 1. A list of all devices.

[0196] 2. The position and status of each device, including but not limited to information such as battery status, content being played, location, SWIR laser detectability, such as measured on a nominal scale from "yes" to "no", daily / weekly / monthly / yearly summaries of detectability checks, the number of people counted by cameras or sensors on the device, the number of operations performed using the device, and the status and history of the device's sensors.

[0197] 3. A statistical summary of the status of the complete system, such as the number of devices, the number of operating devices, a statistical summary of sensor measurements over different time periods (such as by hour, day, week, month, shift, or any other time period), the number of devices detected by the SWIR system, and a map of the devices from their visible locations.

[0198] 4. The ability to perform operations on a specific device (such as updating content, turning off, turning on, changing settings, updating device firmware).

[0199] 5. The ability to select a set of devices based on criteria, such as all devices in a region’s partition, or all devices belonging to a specific group, or all devices adjacent to dairy products, and similar criteria.

[0200] 6. The ability to automatically perform the same operations (such as updating content) on all these devices.

[0201] 7. The ability to control the operating parameters of a set of devices, such as instructions like "update the content on all screens in aisle 4".

[0202] Fluorescent emitter properties

[0203] Referring to the characteristics of fluorescent materials, it can be a chromophore, a chromophore embedded in a plastic or glass matrix, or a chromophore embedded in a semiconductor matrix, such as a "quantum dot" type semiconductor with quantum dots tuned to the SWIR laser wavelength.

[0204] Tuned fluorescent materials are designed to absorb SWIR lasers, meaning they possess band gaps less than 1.25 eV and typically greater than 0.5 eV, with these band gap levels being similar to... Figure 6 The SWIR region is shown in the diagram.

[0205] Fluorescent materials typically absorb SWIR lasers and emit fluorescence, also in the SWIR region but typically at longer wavelengths. Typically, the emitted light is at least 50 nm longer than the laser light, which allows the two signals to be separated using filters (single or multiple). The readily available SWIR laser sources used in some systems of this application emit at 1310 nm and generate fluorescence at 1430 to 1450 nm.

[0206] If the host material is plastic or glass, it is typically transparent to SWIR lasers (PMMA, PC, polystyrene, or various types of glass are commonly used). If the host material is semiconductor, it typically has a higher band gap than the phosphor chromophore; suitable materials are combinations of Si, GaAs, Ge, InP, and III-V or II-VI semiconductors.

[0207] An alternative to the "quantum dot" approach is a semiconductor material, in which a thin layer of fluorescent semiconductor is grown on top of other layers. A suitable substrate for growing fluorescent material on this substrate would be a SWIR laser detector.

[0208] In some cases, some layers in a SWIR laser detector may already be adapted to emit fluorescence, and the top layer may be transparent enough to allow some of the fluorescence signal to escape from the SWIR laser detector. Using such a SWIR laser detector is particularly advantageous.

[0209] Typical installation process

[0210] The installation process is described using a store scenario as an example, but should be understood as an installation process that can be adapted with appropriate minor modifications to any type of display, sensor, or computing device application. Installation is typically performed in two separate steps:

[0211] First, the SWIR laser scanner, also known as a base station or part of a base station, is installed, depending on the structure and terminology used, and is typically mounted on the ceiling or in a location with a wide field of view where the device is installed.

[0212] Secondly, the installation of the device itself.

[0213] It is necessary to easily verify that the devices and SWIR laser scanners are well-positioned and in good working condition, and to configure them typically based on their placement for their intended purpose. For example, devices might be positioned in a first location to perform a specific task, such as displaying a first advertising message, while another device is positioned in a second location to perform a different task, such as displaying a second advertisement or product price or nutritional information. Installation can be completed in any order; the SWIR laser scanner first, the devices first, or some devices may be installed before the SWIR laser scanner, with others installed afterward. However, it is generally recommended to install the SWIR laser scanner before installing the devices.

[0214] Structure of SWIR laser scanner

[0215] The SWIR laser scanner comprises a SWIR laser emitter 103 that emits a SWIR laser beam 101. A scanning mirror 104 is positioned such that it can guide the laser beam in different directions. The SWIR laser scanner also includes: at least one sensor 106 or 107 for sensing signals returned from the device, whether fluorescent signals, retroreflected signals, or wireless data transmissions; a base station controller 108 for controlling all the aforementioned components and receiving and processing signals from the sensors; and a data modem (…). Figure 1 (Not shown in the image) The data modem can be wireless or wired to send data back to the SWIR laser detector control system 404. If the data modem is wireless, it can also be used to send data to the device, or the SWIR laser scanner can be equipped with more than one data modem to allow communication to the SWIR laser detector control system 404 and to the device. However, communication with the device can be done from a different system instead of from the SWIR laser scanner.

[0216] SWIR laser scanners may also be equipped with indicators to indicate the installation status of the device. Such indicators may be at least one of the following:

[0217] 1. Confirm that the SWIR laser is turned on, there are no errors, and the laser is scanning the light (such as an LED).

[0218] 2. A sound-generating system.

[0219] 3. The transmission from the SWIR laser scanner to another system can be configured to display the status of the SWIR laser scanner. For example, this could be the SWIR laser detector control system 404 or the installer's smartphone.

[0220] 4. Visible lasers can visually represent the field of view of a system through a scanning system, and can also project messages, for example, onto the floor.

[0221] Installation process of SWIR laser scanner.

[0222] SWIR laser scanner installation involves attaching the device to its selected location, such as a specific point on the ceiling, connecting it to a power source, and ensuring the SWIR laser scanner operates in "Quick Approval Mode," which will be explained further below. The "Installation Verification Device," also explained further below, is used to verify the location of the SWIR laser scanner's line of sight and locations where it is not present. At the end of the installation, the SWIR laser scanner switches to "Normal Operation Mode."

[0223] Rapid approval mode

[0224] SWIR laser scanners typically scan a room at a rapid scanning speed. When a SWIR laser scanner detects a device, it can pause its scan for a short period to allow the device to detect and respond to the SWIR laser with a high probability. Once executed, the laser beam scan can move at a high scanning rate to other devices to verify which devices are within the SWIR laser scanner's field of view and to determine the extent of the SWIR laser scanner's field of view. SWIR laser scanners can also be equipped with a visible laser that is substantially aligned with the SWIR laser to provide the installer with a visual representation of the field of view. If the installer detects a problem within the SWIR laser scanner's field of view coverage relative to all devices it is intended to communicate with, the SWIR laser scanner can be repositioned, or the surrounding environment can be altered, such as by moving obstructing objects.

[0225] Normal operating mode

[0226] In normal operating mode, the SWIR laser scanner scans the area to locate devices. When the SWIR laser scanner detects a device, it records the direction in which the device was found, waits for a wireless signal from the device indicating its status, and updates the status in the system memory. Depending on the specific implementation of the system and method, the SWIR laser scanner can guide the SWIR laser to the device for an extended period to charge its internal battery, allowing for prolonged continued operation of the device.

[0227] Installation verification device

[0228] The installation verification device is a unique device carried by the installer and equipped with an output device suitable for indicating the irradiation of the SWIR laser, enabling the installer to detect the area of ​​the SWIR laser scanner's field of view and to verify the correct functional operation of the SWIR laser scanner.

[0229] Installation process of the device

[0230] The installer can position the device in a specific location and switch it to "Installation Validation Mode" as described below. If the SWIR laser scanner is not in "Rapid Approval Mode," the installer should switch the SWIR laser scanner to "Rapid Approval Mode." If the device does not indicate that it has a line of sight to the SWIR laser scanner, the installer should change its position.

[0231] Installation verification mode

[0232] In the installation verification mode, the device is configured to indicate to the installer that a SWIR laser has been detected, such as by displaying a message on a screen, by visual or audible confirmation, or by sending a confirmation wireless signal to the SWIR laser scanner or the SWIR laser scanner control system or to another system such as the installer's smartphone.

[0233] Upon successful installation and verification, the device can enter a configuration mode that allows it to be configured by the installer or remotely.

[0234] Additional security features of the system

[0235] In addition to the search capabilities described above for the SWIR laser scanner, the SWIR laser scanner described herein includes several electrical features that enhance the security of the system.

[0236] There are two distinct safety-related functions that the control system of this SWIR laser scanner must perform, whether executed by a single controller or by separate controllers, to meet different aspects of the overall safety-related control requirements. These two functions have different objectives and operations, even though they can be implemented from the same one or more controllers.

[0237] The primary function relates to the overall safety of the technically operating system, and its purpose is to ensure that the system does not cause harm. This function is achieved by estimating the probability of a person's hazardous exposure to the laser beam and comparing this probability with both internal and external standards. If the standards programmed into the controller cause the operating conditions to indicate the probability of hazardous exposure, the controller is instructed to shut down the laser, reduce its power, or redirect it elsewhere. Controllers typically have many different methods to perform these actions in a technically functional system, including actions such as reducing or stopping the power to the laser driver, redirecting the laser to a safe position, disconnecting the anode or cathode power leads, etc. Such methods are part of the normal safety procedures implemented by such laser systems and are described in numerous patent applications owned by the applicant.

[0238] The second function addresses system diagnostics, aiming to detect faults in the system and respond safely to them. In this embodiment, parameters such as the generated or reflected SWIR laser power are measured and compared with another parameter (e.g., laser current and / or its temperature, a comparison or its original measurement parameters or functions thereof (tested against some predetermined limits)) and the controller's response, generated if deemed necessary. This safety function is described in International Patent Application Publication No. WO 2018 / 211,506 "Flexible Management System for Optical Wireless Power Supply" and No. WO / 2019 / 064305 "Fail-Safe Optical Wireless Power Supply," both jointly owned by the applicant. Additionally, the controller should be diagnostically protected, typically by both internal and external watchdogs, to ensure proper functioning such that it is configured to terminate the laser in the event of any apparent fault indicated by the controller. In some embodiments, a single watchdog or other measures to ensure proper operation may be used.

[0239] One potential failure involves the system's temperature protection, and specifically the laser's temperature protection. As the system heats up, the laser emitter's temperature can become excessive, triggering the thermal safety switch to shut down the entire system, leaving the system unprotected. According to another aspect of the SWIR laser scanner's system diagnostic procedure, the thermal safety criteria are slightly relaxed, preventing a complete system shutdown from being activated by localized overheating in the laser. Instead, the emitted laser beam power is reduced to a lower level, while all system functions continue to operate, allowing the system to recover from thermal overload without losing its overall operational capability.

[0240] However, a catastrophic situation remains, which is not easily protected by such protective control features, and is the situation where a physical short circuit, or even an indirect short circuit (such as one caused by a faulty component that allows current to flow even when the control function is not enabled), allows current to flow through the laser diode source (even if single or multiple controllers do not permit it). Such a short circuit allows the system to operate in a mode that would project a high-power beam in an unsafe manner. In any such case, normal safety precautions may be ineffective because such a short circuit could cause the system voltage to drop below the operating voltage of a component or subsystem, or the high temperature caused by the fault could lead to component failure, or other consequences of the short circuit could lead to controller failure; any of these situations could allow current to flow, thus enabling laser emission when the electronically sound control system should not permit any laser emission.

[0241] The system described herein incorporates several features that ensure protection against unintentional laser emission in the event of a physical or electronic virtual short circuit that allows operating current to flow through the laser diode. These features include: physical insulation of the laser leads, enabling continued operation of the controller using current storage features; and independently controlled switches in the anode and cathode leads of the laser, activated by a novel power supply voltage arrangement, thus providing protection not previously available in conventional laser transmission systems.

[0242] Now for reference Figure 7This figure illustrates additional safety features of the currently described SWIR laser scanner to enhance the operational safety of the system, as shown in co-pending Israeli patent application 286842, "A System for Location and Charging of Wireless Power Receivers," jointly owned by the applicants. The figure illustrates the arrangement of controllers and safety features typically used in current systems, as well as additional features that provide protection not available in previous systems. Current laser transmission systems typically provide protection if the system determines (usually by noticing an unintended difference between the transmitted power and some other parameter such as laser reflection) that the beam has intercepted an unintended subject in its path from the transmitter to the device. As is conventionally performed, primary control of laser emission is obtained through a laser power supply, hereinafter referred to as the laser driver, which controls the current supplied to the laser diode to generate laser emission. The laser driver is controlled by the controller of the entire transmission system, which conventionally provides various safety features to ensure that the laser driver power supply terminates laser emission in the event of any hazardous condition. Such hazardous conditions typically include predefined malfunctions in any control system function. However, as mentioned earlier, there are certain faults not directly related to the control function that may not be effectively handled by conventional safety measures, and these are precisely the situations that the current system attempts to address. Situations may arise where a fault leads to an operational condition that prevents the controller from operating reliably and simultaneously puts the system in an unsafe state. These situations include, for example, an inappropriate voltage being applied to the controller input and simultaneously to the laser diode when such a voltage should not be provided. Other conditions that may cause the controller to operate unreliably include voltages outside the controller's operating specifications, temperatures outside the controller's operating temperature, or electric or magnetic fields outside the controller's operating specifications. Such faults may not originate from the controller's operation but from a calamity unrelated to the controller's operation, such as a physical short circuit as described above, or an unexpected circuit connection due to a faulty component. In such cases, the controller may be inoperable and unable to successfully shut down the laser driver power supply, or the laser diode itself may still be powered due to a physical short circuit or a circuit failure due to a faulty component. Several solutions for handling such instances are now presented.

[0243] exist Figure 7In this system, the laser diode is powered by a laser driver that receives instructions from the system controller I. This main controller is programmed to turn the laser on and off and adjust its power level for various scanning, charging, and idle operations to allow the system to operate and ensure user safety. The driver sends an appropriate drive current to the laser diode, and the input and output current connections of the laser diode (i.e., to the anode and from the cathode) are shown as being connected via insulated cables to two auxiliary gate switches controlled by a gate controller. Thus, the two switches control the enable of current from the laser driver to the anode of the laser diode and from the cathode to ground of the circuit or to the negative terminal of the laser driver, and this "on" / "off" control is an additional control beyond the basic level control of the laser current supplied from the laser driver itself. These two switches, held in the on state (hereinafter referred to as "closed") by a control voltage on the gate, are used for additional safety, thus enabling two additional and independently redundant methods of terminating the current to the laser, which can be implemented individually or together. A common method of performing the function of turning off the laser is by controlling the laser driver that supplies current to the laser diode. However, supplying current to the laser diode via a short circuit instead of through the laser diode driver may not always achieve its intended function. For example, in these cases, two switches provide an additional safety method to shut down laser emission when the situation requires such a shutdown.

[0244] Although such gated switches have been used in previous systems, the novel use of this switch in the currently described system, relative to other electronic modules and functions of the system, stems from the manner in which the switch is powered, in order to provide an additional channel for interrupting the laser diode current, as indicated by the control lines from the main controller I to the switch gate. The operation of these two gated switches utilizes the fact that most infrared laser diodes typically operate at low voltages below 1.5 V. This is significantly lower than the voltages used by most other electronic components associated with the system's electronic circuitry, which are typically based on Si semiconductor technology and cannot operate at such low voltages, having higher operating voltages (typically 1.7 V, 3.3 V, 5 V, or 12 V or others).

[0245] To implement this scheme, both the anode and cathode switches can be controlled via additional controller functions. Figure 7 The controller, referred to as Controller II or System Monitor, can be an additional function of the main controller that controls the current level to the laser driver, or it can be an additional and separate gate controller that stops laser emission by opening one or more switches when the main laser driver controller is instructed to open one or more switches to stop laser emission, and the main laser driver controller does not do so.

[0246] At least one of the two switching gates is arranged in a normally non-conducting state and enables laser current during normal operation by holding the gate in its conducting state by a voltage supplied by controller II. When the latching voltage drops, the gate returns to the off non-conducting state. The switching gate, or more specifically, the gate controller circuit, is driven from the system mains power supply by a separate operating voltage higher than the voltage supplied to the system controller or laser driver, or by any other electronic function in the system. In the event of a physical short circuit, resulting in a voltage greater than 1.5 V applied to the anode lead of the laser diode, the laser diode will turn on and emit a laser beam even when the laser driver is in its off state and the anode switch is not conducting. The same applies if such a circuit failure occurs in the laser driver, and current is supplied to the laser even if it is not indicated to be in the on state. Since the laser diode operates at 1.5 V or below, and another unintentionally applied voltage in the circuit system would be higher than 1.5 V, the increased current drawn from the mains power supply may cause the mains power supply voltage to drop to the level of all control functions of the system, or alternatively, to a level insufficient to reliably operate the controller or its watchdog. Because the gate of the switch is actuated at a voltage higher than that of the controller or its watchdog timer, or both, a voltage drop will switch the gated switch to its non-conducting state independently of the controller or its watchdog timer. Therefore, switching any of these switches to the non-conducting state will stop the diode laser current and put the system in a safe state, regardless of the functioning of any other circuit controllers or electronic safety mechanisms in the system.

[0247] As an alternative and secondary method to protect the system from such short-circuit faults, the main controller can be powered from its power supply using parallel energy storage devices (such as capacitors, batteries, or coils), allowing it to operate long enough to shut down the laser upon detecting such a fault, even when the controller's power is off. The watchdog timer can also correctly reset the main controller if it fails to operate correctly. Typically, this reset function is also configured to shut down the laser until the controller resumes normal operation. At least one of the switches, anode, or cathode is typically non-conductive, so that the laser cannot be energized under normal conditions if the controller is not powered.

[0248] In the second alternative scenario, if the main controller voltage drop is sufficient to cause the main controller to fail and therefore does not respond by reducing the unexpected and uncontrolled laser diode current, then the characteristic that the switching operation depends on a higher operating voltage than that of the system controller or laser driver means that the switch will open and thus terminate the laser diode current, regardless of what the system controller or laser driver is trying to do.

[0249] Third, a main power switch can be provided, enabling the controller to control the power supply to all mechanically accessible parts of the circuitry connected to the laser anode or cathode. This protection is particularly important when using C-base laser diodes because these C-bases have a large area of ​​exposed metal surface that is part of the diode conductor. In the event of mechanical intrusion or mechanical failure (such as a loose wire connection), it can easily short-circuit to ground or another live metal contact inside the laser generator housing.

[0250] Fourth, all points in the circuit (including the laser sub-base) should be electrically insulated. This is a task that may be difficult to achieve without compromising the cooling requirements of the laser diode. Therefore, it is recommended that this safety feature be combined with at least one of the other features described above.

[0251] Finally, a laser power metering system can be added to the system to compare the measured laser output power of the laser diode with the expected laser output power set according to the laser diode controller settings, or, in the case of more than one control system using any of the aforementioned safety arrangements, with the expected laser output power set according to the controller settings. The expected output power should depend on the system's operating state, i.e., whether in scan / search mode or charging mode. If the metering system detects a significantly higher measured power than the measured power programmed by the controller settings, this indicates a system error or system disaster, and the lasing should be terminated using one or more of the aforementioned switches. The power meter can be a separate controller or a central controller, or even a component within, for example, the laser driver.

[0252] Compared to other types of lasers, the beam emitted from a laser diode typically expands relatively rapidly with distance. Therefore, a collimation system is needed to generate a more collimated beam required for effective charging.

[0253] The collimation system is typically also controlled by a controller, advantageously the same controller used to control the current to the laser diode. The collimation system can be operated by adjusting the axial position of the collimating lens or lens system, thereby controlling the beam spread, Rayleigh length, and beam width. The axial position can be any form of linear actuator, such as magnetic, thermal, piezoelectric, or electromechanical, and the actuator can be controlled by another switch, the control input of which can be implemented through a switch gate. Alternatively, collimation can be altered by changing the electrical input signal to the laser diode to modify laser parameters (such as laser chip position, laser wavelength, beam divergence, or another characteristic).

[0254] When switched to scanning mode, the controller (single or multiple) allows current to flow through two laser diode switches and also adjusts the current flow through the lens position actuator or another system element to control the beam divergence as described above, thereby collimating the laser in a “wide mode” where the beam extends toward the end of the system’s intended operating range. When switched off, the controller typically blocks current through at least one laser diode switch.

[0255] The provision of exemplary embodiments makes this disclosure thorough and will fully convey the scope to those skilled in the art. Numerous specific details, such as examples of specific components, apparatus, and methods, are set forth to provide a thorough understanding of embodiments of this disclosure. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the specific details are not required, that exemplary embodiments may be embodied in many different forms, and that none should be construed as limiting the scope of this disclosure. Furthermore, those skilled in the art should understand that the invention is not limited to what has been specifically shown and described above. Rather, the scope of the invention includes combinations and sub-combinations of the various features described above, as well as variations and modifications that would occur to those skilled in the art upon reading the foregoing description and which are not found in the prior art.

Claims

1. A wireless power transmission system, comprising: The transmitter module includes: Laser beam emitter; Scanner unit for transmitting the laser beam to a region of interest in which an electronic device can be positioned; and An electronic device detection module is adapted to notify the system controller that an electronic device has been detected. The electronic device includes a laser detector module adapted to detect the irradiation of the laser beam and to emit fluorescent illumination when the laser beam irradiates it; and The wireless power transmission system is adapted to operate in any of the following modes: Installation mode, wherein the transmitter module is configured to: (i) use the laser scanner device to scan the region of interest to locate fluorescent illumination emitted by the electronic device; and (ii) upon detection of the fluorescent illumination, issue an indication that the transmitter has successfully located the electronic device; and Operating mode, wherein, upon successful location of the electronic device, the transmitter module is configured to point the laser scanner at the electronic device for a predetermined time interval.

2. The system according to claim 1, wherein, The operating mode includes at least one of the following: transmitting information for display by the electronic device; or transmitting instructions for execution by the electronic device.

3. The system according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, When the irradiation of the laser beam is detected, the electronic device is adapted to enable the transmission of data to the system controller, the data including at least one of the electronic device's identity information and the electronic state of the electronic device.

4. The system according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The intensity of the fluorescent illumination provides an indication of a non-functional electronic device.

5. The system according to claim 4, wherein, The non-functional electronic device is indicated when it emits a higher level of fluorescent illumination than is expected from the fluorescent illumination of the functional electronic device.

6. The system according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The electronic device also includes an energy storage device that enables it to operate, and the operating mode includes providing power from the laser beam to charge the energy storage device.

7. The system according to claim 6, wherein, The energy storage device includes at least one of a battery and a capacitor.

8. The system according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The scanner unit further includes a scanning mirror adapted to scan the region of interest, such that the laser beam can locate the position of the electronic device in the region of interest by detecting the fluorescent illumination generated by the laser beam irradiating the electronic device.

9. The system according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The laser detector module on the electronic device includes a filter adapted to reduce the sensitivity of the laser detector module to sunlight.

10. The system according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The laser beam has a wavelength in the short-wavelength infrared (SWIR) region.

11. The system according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The electronic device is any one of the following: an electronic faucet, a remote electronic sensor, an information display screen, an electronically operated window shade, an electronically operated window, an electronic tag, an electronic message display, and an electronically operated camera system.

12. The system according to any one of the preceding claims further includes a wireless communication channel between the electronic device and the transmitter module, enabling the transmission of information or instructions between the electronic device and the transmitter module.

13. The system according to claim 12, wherein, The information is a notification that the laser beam has been detected irradiating the electronic device.

14. The system according to claim 12, wherein, The instructions are elements of the operating mode of the wireless power transmission system.

15. The system according to claim 12, wherein, The energy storage device includes at least one of a battery and a capacitor.

16. A system for communicating with at least one electronic device in a region of interest, the system comprising: A laser scanner unit for transmitting a laser beam to the region of interest; A laser detector module mounted on an electronic device includes a retroreflector, which is adapted to retroreflect a portion of the laser beam back to the laser scanner unit when the laser beam irradiates the laser detector module. as well as The retroreflection detection module on the laser scanner unit is adapted to notify the system controller that retroreflection illumination from the laser detector module on the electronic device is detected. The retroreflection detection module includes a filter that substantially blocks the transmission of light other than light having the wavelength of the laser beam. Upon receiving a notification that retroreflective illumination has been detected from the laser detector module on the at least one electronic device, the system controller is adapted to: (a) Instructing the laser scanning unit to transmit an initial energy packet to the electronic device to ensure that the electronic device is operational, and (b) Activate the wireless control channel to enable control of at least one function of the operating electronic device.

17. The system according to claim 16, wherein, The at least one function of the operating electronic device includes at least one of the following: instructing the electronic device to display information; or instructing the device to perform a predetermined function.

18. The system according to any one of claims 16 and 17, wherein, The electronic device also includes an energy storage device to enable its operation, and the laser beam is operable when instructed by the system controller to provide power for charging the energy storage device.

19. The system according to any one of claims 16 to 18, wherein, The laser beam has a wavelength in the short-wavelength infrared (SWIR) region.

20. The system according to any one of claims 16 to 19, wherein, The wireless control channel also enables the transmission of information, including at least one of the electronic device's identity information and the electronic state of the electronic device.

21. The system according to any one of claims 16 to 20, wherein, The laser beam from the laser scanner unit is configured to scan the region of interest, such that the laser beam can locate the position of the electronic device in the region of interest by detecting back-reflected illumination from the electronic device.

22. The system according to any one of claims 16 to 21, wherein, The electronic device is any one of the following: an electronic faucet, a remote electronic sensor, an information display screen, an electronically operated window shade, an electronically operated window, an electronic tag, an electronic message display, and an electronically operated camera system.

23. A method enabling at least one of the installation and maintenance of a remote electronic device, the remote electronic device having a laser detector module adapted to detect irradiation by a laser beam, the method comprising: The base station transmits a scanning laser beam to a region of interest where remote electronic devices can be detected. When the scanning laser beam is detected on the electronic device, information about the presence of the electronic device is sent from the electronic device back to the base station; as well as When the information regarding the presence of the electronic device is received, the laser beam is directed to the electronic device to perform at least one of an installation task and a maintenance task on the electronic device. The detection of the laser beam irradiating the electronic device is achieved by at least one of the following: Fluorescent emission from the electronic device is detected at the base station; The retroreflection of the laser beam from the electronic device is detected at the base station; or Wireless communication is received at the base station from the electronic device via a communication channel between the electronic device and the base station.

24. The method according to claim 23, wherein, The communication channel between the electronic device and the base station is also used to exchange information or instructions between the electronic device and the base station after any of the following: (i) The fluorescence emission from the electronic device is definitely detected at the base station; (ii) Retroreflection from the electronic device is definitely detected at the base station; or (iii) When the laser irradiation is detected at the electronic device, a digital response is received at the base station via the communication channel.

25. The method according to any one of claims 23 and 24, wherein, Upon receiving information regarding the use of the fluorescence detection or retroreflection beam, or the detection of the laser beam irradiating the electronic device via the communication channel, the base station responds by at least one of the following: (a) Transmitting a wireless signal containing information about operating instructions for the device back to the electronic device; as well as (b) Send a confirmation signal to the user regarding contact with the electronic device or installation of the electronic device.

26. The method of claim 25, wherein, The confirmation signal may be one or more of the following: a signal output to the display screen or speaker of the electronic device; or an electronic signal.

27. The method of claim 25, wherein, The confirmation signal can be either a visual or auditory signal used by the installation technician to confirm successful communication with the electronic device.

28. The method according to any one of claims 23 to 27, wherein, The communication channel is adapted to provide the base station with substantially more identification and functional information than the fluorescent emission signal or the retroreflector signal.

29. The method according to any one of claims 23 to 28, wherein, The communication channel is adapted to provide at least one of the following: the identity information of the electronic device; and the electronic status of the electronic device.

30. The method according to claim 29, wherein, The communication channel is adapted to provide instructions for the operation of the electronic device after determining the device's identity and electronic state.

31. The method according to claim 30, wherein, The instructions for operating the electronic device include at least one of the following: Aiming at the field of view of the camera-enabled electronic device; To execute lock or unlock commands on electronic devices that can be locked; The data provided by the base station is displayed on the screen; To turn the device or the circuitry within the device on or off; Change the settings of the device; Content from the database is displayed on the screen of the electronic device; Provide instructions to point the display of the electronic device in different directions; Make a sound; Reconfigure the device; Restart the computing device located in the electronic device; Transmit the data collected by the device; as well as Change the temperature of the device.

32. The method according to any one of claims 23 to 31 enables a reduction in the time required for technicians to install and configure the electronic device.

33. The method according to any one of claims 23 to 32 enables centralized management of the installation and operation of multiple electronic devices at one location.

34. The method according to any one of claims 23 to 32, wherein, The electronic device is any one of the following: an electronic faucet, a remote electronic sensor, an information display screen, an electronically operated window shade, an electronically operated window, an electronic tag, an electronic message display, and an electronically operated camera system.

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