A horizontally mounted piston airbag water hammer protection tank

Abstract

This invention discloses a horizontally mounted piston-airbag type water hammer protection tank for water hammer protection in water supply systems. The tank body has an inner tank, separating an inner cavity from an outer cavity. The inner tank is further divided into left and right inner cavities by left and right partitions, with a piston cylinder and an airbag cylinder respectively installed at each end. The left and right pistons reciprocate within the cylinders in a sealed manner. The matching left and right telescopic airbags, composed of soft bag-like structures and multi-rod telescopic joints, move intermittently within the airbag cylinders, forming completely isolated air pressure and hydraulic chambers, achieving gas-liquid separation and heat insulation. A float assembly is installed at the bottom of the tank, and a circulating water nozzle is located at the top, connected downstream of the water pump check valve. A bottom-side spray nozzle is aligned upstream of the check valve via a first ejector. A water supply branch pipe connects to the main water supply pipe via an inlet ball valve and a second ejector. This device replaces the traditional waterbag structure with a piston-airbag synergy, solving the defects of waterbag rupture and the need for continuous air replenishment in air compressor-type systems, thus improving the reliability and energy efficiency of water hammer protection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water pumping stations and water conveyance systems, and more specifically to a horizontally mounted piston-airbag type water hammer protection tank. Background Technology

[0002] As is well known, the pressure drop water hammer induced by the pump stoppage due to a pump accident is transmitted along the pipeline to the end in the form of a pressure drop wave, resulting in negative pressure along the pipeline, and even water vaporization and water column separation. If not controlled, it may cause serious water hammer.

[0003] Negative pressure and cavitation can cause pipelines to fatigue, which over time will gradually damage the pipeline lining, making the pipeline thinner and thinner. Severe negative pressure can even cause the pipeline to be flattened by atmospheric pressure. Therefore, the latest "Outdoor Water Supply and Drainage Design Standard" GB50013-2018 stipulates that negative pressure should be controlled within 2.0m or even eliminated, and the instantaneous maximum pressure in the pipeline system should be limited to no more than 1.3 to 1.5 times the working pressure.

[0004] Water hammer is typically 2 to 5 times the steady-state pressure, and in severe cases it can be 8 to 10 times the steady-state pressure. Such severe water hammer will inevitably lead to pipe rupture, causing serious consequences such as flooding of pump rooms and destruction of buildings.

[0005] Installing air valves at local high points in a water transmission system can effectively control negative pressure and mitigate water hammer. However, due to the opening delay of air valves, they often cannot completely eliminate negative pressure along the route, especially in areas with higher terrain, thus failing to meet design requirements. Therefore, most water transmission projects use water hammer elimination tanks to completely eliminate negative pressure and mitigate water hammer. Currently, the most commonly used types are water bladder-type and air compressor-type water hammer elimination tanks. The former, because the water bladder is filled with water, impurities and sediment, especially raw water, silt-laden water, sewage or reclaimed water, and seawater, tend to settle at the bottom of the bladder, accumulating over time and creating a significant downward pull. Over time, this downward pull increases, eventually tearing the bladder. Traditional water hammer elimination tanks, except during water replenishment, have static, non-flowing pressurized water. Furthermore, water-filled bladder-type water hammer elimination tanks installed in cold regions (temperatures below -5°C) will experience water freezing inside the bladder if no insulation measures are taken. Once frozen, the bladder is prone to rupture. Even with insulation measures in place, if the insulation fails, the water inside the bladder will quickly freeze again, causing it to rupture. The latter requires continuous gas replenishment, resulting in extreme energy waste.

[0006] Furthermore, if a slow-closing check valve is used as a key device to prevent backflow in a pump-pressurized water supply system, the slow closing of the check valve means that after the pump loses power, some of the high-pressure water in the traditional water hammer elimination tank will flow back at high speed, causing the pump to reverse rapidly and significantly reducing its lifespan. Simultaneously, the check valve disturbs the water flow during closure, causing changes in flow velocity, which in turn generates water hammer. Thus, an additional water hammer is added on top of the existing water hammer caused by pump shutdown, making the system's water hammer situation more severe and complex. On the other hand, regardless of whether a quick-closing or slow-closing check valve is used, the disturbance caused by the check valve will result in changes in flow velocity. Any change in flow velocity will generate water hammer. Therefore, while the primary function of a check valve is to prevent backflow, it is also a hydraulic machine that can generate secondary water hammer, exacerbating the system's water hammer problem. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a horizontally mounted piston-bladder type water hammer protection tank, which avoids the defect of water bladders being prone to rupture, eliminates the need for frequent air replenishment, and also has antifreeze function and the function of suppressing secondary water hammer generated by the check valve. It is the best alternative to traditional water bladder type water hammer elimination tanks and air compressor type water hammer elimination tanks, ensuring the safe and reliable long-term operation of the water supply system.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a horizontally installed piston-bladder type water hammer protection tank, comprising a tank body, a manhole at the top of the tank body, an air inlet above the manhole, and a left end cap and a right end cap on the left and right sides of the tank body; the tank body is connected to the main water supply pipe via a water inlet ball valve and a short-circuit water supply branch pipe, and the other side of the main water supply pipe is connected to a water pump via a check valve; the tank body also includes an inner tank body located inside the tank body, and the bottom of the tank body and the bottom of the inner tank body are provided with water inlets for connecting the two; an outer cavity is formed between the tank body and the inner tank body, and the internal cavity of the inner tank body is the inner cavity; the inner tank body is provided with a left partition and a right partition that divide the inner cavity into a left inner cavity and a right inner cavity; the lower part of the left partition and the right partition is provided with a left opening and a right opening; a water supply channel is formed between the left partition and the right partition; the outlet of the water supply channel is a water inlet, and the water inlet is connected to the water supply branch pipe; The left inner cavity is provided with a left piston movement cylinder, a left telescopic airbag and a left airbag movement cylinder. The left piston movement cylinder and the left airbag movement cylinder are filled with water to form a left hydraulic cavity. The outer cavity, the left end cap and the left telescopic airbag are filled with air to form a left air pressure cavity. The left air pressure cavity surrounds the left hydraulic cavity. The right inner cavity is provided with a right piston movement cylinder, a right telescopic airbag and a right airbag movement cylinder. The right piston movement cylinder and the right airbag movement cylinder are filled with water to form a right hydraulic cavity. The outer cavity, the right end cap and the right telescopic airbag are filled with air to form a right pneumatic cavity. The right pneumatic cavity surrounds the right hydraulic cavity. The top of the left and right hydraulic chambers is equipped with a left circulating water nozzle and a right circulating water nozzle, respectively. The left and right circulating water nozzles pass through the tank and are connected to the downstream connecting pipe of the check valve at the water pump outlet.

[0009] The invention is further configured such that: the left pneumatic chamber and the left hydraulic chamber are completely isolated, and the right pneumatic chamber and the right hydraulic chamber are completely isolated, so as to achieve gas-liquid separation and incompatibility; both the left and right pneumatic chambers are filled with pressurized heat-insulating gas.

[0010] The present invention is further configured such that: a left displacement sensor is provided on the left end cap, and a right displacement sensor is provided on the right end cap.

[0011] The present invention is further configured such that: the side wall of the water inlet is provided with a side spray port, the side spray port is connected to a pipeline and a first jet nozzle, the first jet nozzle is installed in the upstream connecting pipe of the check valve, and the water outlet direction of the first jet nozzle is consistent with the water inlet direction of the check valve.

[0012] The present invention is further configured such that: a second jet nozzle is provided on the water supply branch pipe, the second jet nozzle is located inside the main water supply pipe, and the water outlet direction of the second jet nozzle is consistent with the water supply direction of the main water supply pipe.

[0013] The present invention is further configured such that: the large diameter portion at the left end of the left inner cavity is a left piston movement cylinder, and the small diameter portion at the right end is a left airbag movement cylinder; the left piston movement cylinder includes a left piston, the left piston is provided with a left piston reciprocating movement sealing ring and performs sealing reciprocating movement; the left airbag movement cylinder is provided with a left telescopic airbag, and the left telescopic airbag performs intermittent reciprocating movement. The larger diameter portion at the right end of the right inner cavity is the right piston movement cylinder, and the smaller diameter portion at the left end is the right airbag movement cylinder. The right piston movement cylinder includes a right piston, which is equipped with a reciprocating sealing ring and performs a sealing reciprocating motion. The right airbag movement cylinder is equipped with a right telescopic airbag, which performs a reciprocating motion with gaps.

[0014] The invention is further configured such that: the left telescopic airbag includes a left soft bag-shaped object, a left multi-rod telescopic joint, a left piston, and a left piston reciprocating motion sealing ring fixed on the periphery; the left soft bag-shaped object has an open bottle structure, and the open end is fixed to the left piston by bolts; the bottom of the left soft bag-shaped object is equipped with a left inner metal plate and a left outer metal plate; when the left multi-rod telescopic joint is in a fully extended state, the left outer metal plate abuts against the left partition; the shape of the left telescopic airbag after it is fully expanded is consistent with the internal shape of the left airbag movement cylinder; The right telescopic airbag includes a right soft bag-shaped object, a right multi-rod telescopic joint, a right piston, and a right piston reciprocating sealing ring fixed on the periphery. The right soft bag-shaped object has an open bottle structure, and the open end is fixed to the right piston by bolts. The bottom of the right soft bag-shaped object is equipped with a right inner metal plate and a right outer metal plate. When the right multi-rod telescopic joint is in a fully extended state, the right outer metal plate just abuts against the right partition. The shape of the right telescopic airbag after it is fully expanded is consistent with the internal shape of the right airbag movement cylinder.

[0015] The invention is further configured such that: the left multi-rod telescopic joint is a T-shaped structure with a left blind flange at the top and a freely extendable and retractable left telescopic rod at the bottom; the left blind flange presses against the upper part of the left flange on the tank body; the left telescopic rod is fixed to the left outer metal plate; the left telescopic rod's left and right extension and retraction causes the left soft bag-like object to extend and retract left and right; the right multi-rod telescopic joint is a T-shaped structure with a right blind flange at the top and a freely extendable and retractable right telescopic rod at the bottom; the right blind flange presses against the upper part of the right flange on the tank body; the right telescopic rod is fixed to the right outer metal plate; the right telescopic rod's left and right extension and retraction causes the right soft bag-like object to extend and retract left and right.

[0016] The invention is further configured such that: a small hole is provided at the bottom of the outer cavity, a float is provided below the small hole, a float ball is provided inside the float, a float ball water inlet pipe is provided at the bottom of the float, the other end of the float ball water inlet pipe is connected to a water supply branch pipe, and a sealing gasket is provided at the top of the float ball. When the float ball rises under the action of buoyancy, the sealing gasket and the small hole abut against each other to form a seal.

[0017] The present invention is further configured such that: a left water immersion sensor is provided on the left end cap, and the left probe of the left water immersion sensor is fixed to the bottom of the left inner metal plate; a right water immersion sensor is provided on the right end cap, and the right probe of the right water immersion sensor is fixed to the bottom of the right inner metal plate.

[0018] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention is installed near the outlet of the check valve in the pump station and connected to the main water supply pipe via a water supply branch pipe, an inlet ball valve, and a short-circuit. When a pump stops unexpectedly, the air pressure in the pneumatic chamber causes the soft, bag-like object to rapidly expand to the left and right. At the same time, the freely extendable and retractable telescopic rod also extends to the left and right, quickly replenishing the water supply main pipe with water from the hydraulic chamber, thus raising most of the pressure drop caused by the pump stoppage. The raised pressure drop is transmitted along the pipeline to the end in the form of a pressure-reducing wave. At the end water tank, it is reflected as a pressure-increasing wave and then transmitted back to this invention. Under the action of the pressure-increasing wave, the soft, bag-like object and the freely extendable and retractable telescopic rod are also compressed, the pneumatic chamber shrinks, and the hydraulic chamber expands. Because the compression of the gas in the pneumatic chamber absorbs the high-pressure energy caused by the pressure-increasing wave, the pressure-increasing water hammer is eliminated. This cycle repeats multiple times. This invention prevents both pressure-reducing and pressure-increasing water hammer, making it an active, water-replenishing water hammer protection device.

[0019] The soft bag-like object of this invention is confined within a limited space by a metal mechanism that can extend and retract vertically. It will not be overstretched or overcompressed, so the lifespan of the soft bag-like object will be very long. Moreover, the internal inflation scheme of the air bladder avoids the possibility of impurities such as mud and sand settling at the bottom of the air bladder and causing the air bladder to break. Due to the heat insulation of the gas and the continuous flow of pressurized water in the hydraulic chamber, the phenomenon of the air bladder breaking due to freezing in cold regions is also avoided.

[0020] This invention employs a No. 1 jet ejector to eliminate secondary water hammer induced by the disturbance of the check valve itself, and a No. 2 jet ejector to completely redirect the high-pressure water in the hydraulic chamber to the water supply direction of the main water supply pipe, preventing the water pump from reversing and greatly extending the service life of the water pump.

[0021] This invention features a novel design, clear principle, and convenient use. It has no vulnerable parts, requires no power consumption, boasts very high technical specifications, and is reliable and durable. This new type of horizontally mounted piston-bladder water hammer protection tank can prevent both pressure-reducing and pressure-increasing water hammer in long-distance pipelines, ensuring the safe and reliable operation of the system. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the protective tank.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure and steady-state operating conditions of the protective tank.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the left and right displacement sensors of the protective tank.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the side spray port of the protective tank, the pipeline, the No. 1 jet injector, the check valve, and the water supply branch pipe.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the water supply channel, water inlet, water supply branch pipe, No. 2 jet injector, and main water supply pipe of the protective tank.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a diagram illustrating the process of replenishing water to eliminate cavitation in the protective tank.

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the process by which the protective tank eliminates the pressure surge water hammer.

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the venting and drainage process of the protective tank's float.

[0030] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the left and right telescopic rods of the protective tank.

[0031] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the left and right water immersion sensors of the protective tank.

[0032] Attached reference numerals: 1. Water supply branch pipe; 10. Inner tank; 11. Left inner metal plate; 12. Left multi-rod expansion joint; 13. Manhole; 14. Left end cap; 15. Right end cap; 16. Right inner cavity; 17. Outer cavity; 18. Right circulating water nozzle; 19. Side spray port; 2. Main water supply pipe; 20. Left piston cylinder; 21. Right airbag cylinder; 22. Short circuit; 23. Pipeline; 24. Left piston; 25. Left Piston movement sealing ring; 26. Left air pressure chamber; 27. No. 1 ejector; 28. Right displacement sensor; 29. ​​Bolt; 3. Inlet ball valve; 31. Water inlet; 32. Small hole; 33. Left telescopic rod; 34. Downstream connecting pipe; 35. No. 2 ejector; 36. Sealing gasket; 37. Float; 38. Upstream connecting pipe; 39. Circulation pipe; 4. Check valve; 40. Left outer metal plate; 41. Left blind flange; 42. 43. Float; 44. Air inlet; 45. Left partition; 46. Right partition; 47. Left opening; 48. Right opening; 49. Left displacement sensor; 50. Right piston cylinder; 51. Water pump; 52. Left circulating water nozzle; 53. Left airbag cylinder; 54. Left inner cavity; 55. Right hydraulic chamber; 56. Left telescopic airbag; 57. Left soft bag-like object; 58. Right piston; 59. Right piston movement seal ring; 59. Right multi-rod expansion joint; 6. Right outer metal plate; 7. Tank body; 8. Right inner metal plate; 9. Right blind flange; 10. Left end cap; 11. Right end cap; 12. Float inlet pipe; 13. Right air pressure chamber; 14. Water supply channel; 15. Inner cavity; 16. Left flange; 17. Right flange; 18. Right telescopic airbag; 19. Right telescopic rod; 20. Cavity; 21. Right soft bag-like object; 22. Left hydraulic chamber. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, a horizontally mounted piston-bladder type water hammer protection tank is connected to the main water supply pipe 2 via an inlet ball valve 3, a short-circuit 22, and a water supply branch pipe 1. The other side of the main water supply pipe 2 is connected to a water pump 5 via a check valve 4. The tank includes a tank body 6, a left end cap 14, a right end cap 15, an inner tank body 10, an inner cavity 67, an outer cavity 17, a left inner cavity 52, a right inner cavity 16, a left piston movement cylinder 20, a right piston movement cylinder 49, a left airbag movement cylinder 51, a right airbag movement cylinder 21, a left piston 24, a right piston 56, and a left piston reciprocating motion sealing ring 25. The system includes a right piston reciprocating seal ring 57, a left telescopic airbag 54, a right telescopic airbag 7, a left soft bag 55, a right soft bag 8, a left multi-rod telescopic joint 12, a right multi-rod telescopic joint 58, a left air pressure chamber 26, a right air pressure chamber 65, a left hydraulic chamber 9, a right hydraulic chamber 53, a left partition 44, a right partition 45, a left opening 46, a right opening 47, a float 42 and a float cylinder 37, a left circulating water nozzle 50, a right circulating water nozzle 18, a side spray port 19, a first jet injector 27, a water inlet 31, a water inlet ball valve 3, and a second jet injector 35. The top of the tank body 6 is a manhole 13, and above the manhole 13 is an air inlet 43. The bottom of the tank body 6 is connected to the bottom of the inner tank body 10 through a water inlet 31, thus forming an outer cavity 17 between the tank body 6 and the inner tank body 10. The internal cavity of the inner tank body 10 is an inner cavity 67. The inner tank body 10 is provided with a left partition 44 and a right partition 45, which divide the inner tank body 10 into a left inner cavity 52 and a right inner cavity 16. The lower part of the left partition 44 is provided with a left opening 46, and the lower part of the right partition 45 is provided with a right opening 47. The left partition 44 and the right partition 45 form a water supply channel 66. The left piston cylinder 25 and the left airbag cylinder 51 are filled with water to form a left hydraulic chamber 9, and the right piston cylinder 49 and the right airbag cylinder 21 are filled with water to form a right hydraulic chamber 53. The outer cavity 17, together with the left end cap 14 and the left telescopic airbag 54, forms the left air pressure chamber 26 when inflated. The outer cavity 17, together with the right end cap 15 and the right telescopic airbag 7, forms the right air pressure chamber 65 when inflated. The left air pressure chamber 26 and the left hydraulic chamber 9 are completely isolated, as are the right air pressure chamber 65 and the right hydraulic chamber 53. A left circulating water nozzle 50 is located at the top of the left hydraulic chamber 9. The left circulating water nozzle 50 passes through the tank body 6 and connects to the downstream connecting pipe 34 of the check valve 4 at the outlet of the water pump 5. A right circulating water nozzle 18 is located at the top of the right hydraulic chamber 53. The right circulating water nozzle 18 passes through the tank body 6 and connects to the downstream connecting pipe 34 of the check valve 4 at the outlet of the water pump 5. The outlet of the water supply channel 66 is the water supply port 31, which is directly located at the bottom of the inner tank body 10 and directly connected to the water supply branch pipe 1. The pressurized water from the water pump 5 continuously enters the inner tank 10 through the left circulating water nozzle 50 and the right circulating water nozzle 18, and then flows to the main water supply pipe 2 through the water replenishment branch pipe 1, forming a water circulation system to ensure that the water in the inner tank 10 is always in a flowing state.The left hydraulic chamber 9 is completely surrounded by the left pneumatic chamber 26, and the right hydraulic chamber 53 is completely surrounded by the right pneumatic chamber 65, truly achieving gas-liquid separation and immiscibility. Because the left pneumatic chamber 26 is filled with pressurized insulating gas, it provides insulation for the pressurized water in the left hydraulic chamber 9. Similarly, the right pneumatic chamber 65 is filled with pressurized insulating gas, providing insulation for the pressurized water in the right hydraulic chamber 53. Therefore, even in extremely low-temperature environments, the water in the inner tank 10 remains in a flowing state and will never freeze, greatly extending the service life of the left soft bag 55 and the right soft bag 8. At this time, the air pressure in the left pneumatic chamber 26 is equal to the water supply pressure in the left hydraulic chamber 9, and the air pressure in the right pneumatic chamber 65 is equal to the water supply pressure in the right hydraulic chamber 53, indicating that the water supply system is in a steady-state operation phase.

[0035] like Figure 3 As shown, a left displacement sensor 48 is provided on the left end cap 14. The left displacement sensor 48 measures the displacement of the left piston 24 in the left piston movement cylinder 20, thereby reading the volume of water in the left hydraulic chamber 9. Similarly, a right displacement sensor 28 is provided on the right end cap 15. The right displacement sensor 28 measures the displacement of the right piston 56 in the right piston movement cylinder 49, thereby reading the volume of water in the right hydraulic chamber 53. The user then uses digital technology to collect the water volume data and process it on the PLC.

[0036] like Figure 4 As shown, the side jet nozzle 19 is connected to the first ejector 27 via pipe 23. The first ejector 27 is installed in the upstream connecting pipe 38 of the check valve 4, and the water outlet direction of the first ejector 27 is consistent with the water inlet direction of the check valve 4. After the power is cut off and the pump stops, the pressurized water in the water supply channel 66 is rapidly and continuously sprayed through the water supply port 31 and the first ejector 27 to the water inlet of the check valve 4, so that the check valve 4 remains open (not closed) after the pump stops, thus controlling the secondary water hammer caused by the closure of the check valve 4.

[0037] like Figure 5 As shown, the bottom water inlet 31 of tank 6 is connected to the inlet ball valve 3 via branch pipe 1. The inlet ball valve 3 is then connected to the second ejector 35 via branch pipe 1. The second ejector 35 is located inside the main water supply pipe 2, and the water outlet direction of the second ejector 35 is consistent with the water supply direction of the main water supply pipe 2. After power failure and pump shutdown, the pressurized water in the water supply channel 66 quickly replenishes the main water supply pipe 2 through the water inlet 31 and the second ejector 35. The water replenishment direction is consistent with the water flow direction of the main water supply pipe 2, preventing the water pump 5 from reversing. This process prevents the water pump from reversing, greatly extends the service life of the water pump 5, and meets the water hammer control target.

[0038] like Figure 6As shown, when the water supply system experiences an accident and the pump stops, the pressure in the main water supply pipe 2 immediately drops and one or more air cavities 71 appear. The pressure in the left hydraulic chamber 9 also immediately drops. Under the action of the air pressure in the left air pressure chamber 26, the left soft bag 55 and the left telescopic airbag 54, which can extend and retract vertically, move rapidly to the right. Similarly, the pressure in the right hydraulic chamber 53 also immediately drops. Under the action of the air pressure in the right air pressure chamber 65, the right soft bag 8 and the right telescopic airbag 7, which can extend and retract vertically, move rapidly to the left. At the same time, the air pressure forces the pressurized water in the left hydraulic chamber 9 through the inlet ball. Valve 3 quickly replenishes the main water supply pipe 2 via the water supply branch pipe 1 and the second ejector 35. Similarly, air pressure quickly replenishes the pressurized water in the right hydraulic chamber 53 via the inlet ball valve 3, the water supply branch pipe 1, and the second ejector 35 into the main water supply pipe 2. This raises most of the pressure drop caused by the pump stoppage and uses water to compensate for one or more air cavities 71. At this time, the gas in the left air pressure chamber 26 expands, increasing its volume, while the volume of pressurized water in the left hydraulic chamber 9 decreases. Similarly, the gas in the right air pressure chamber 65 expands, increasing its volume, while the volume of pressurized water in the right hydraulic chamber 53 decreases. This process suppresses the pressure drop water hammer, eliminating negative water hammer at its source and playing a fundamental role in addressing the root cause.

[0039] like Figure 7As shown, the portion with a slightly larger diameter at the left end of the left inner cavity 52 is the left piston cylinder 20, and the portion with a slightly larger diameter at the right end of the right inner cavity 16 is the right piston cylinder 49. The portion with a slightly smaller diameter at the right end of the left inner cavity 52 is the left airbag cylinder 51, and the portion with a slightly smaller diameter at the left end of the right inner cavity 16 is the right airbag cylinder 21. The left piston 24 performs a sealed reciprocating motion within the left piston cylinder 20, protected by the left piston reciprocating motion sealing ring 25. The right piston 56 performs a sealed reciprocating motion within the right piston cylinder 49, protected by the right piston reciprocating motion sealing ring 57. The left telescopic airbag 54 performs a reciprocating motion with gaps within the left airbag cylinder 51, and the right telescopic airbag 7 performs a reciprocating motion with gaps within the right airbag cylinder 21. After the power is cut off and the pump stops, the system first experiences a negative water hammer. Under the action of high-pressure gas in the left air chamber 26, the left telescopic airbag 54 quickly extends to the right, causing the pressurized water in the left hydraulic chamber 9 to flow quickly to the water supply channel 66 through the left opening 46. Similarly, under the action of high-pressure gas in the right air chamber 65, the right telescopic airbag 7 quickly extends to the left, causing the pressurized water in the right hydraulic chamber 53 to flow quickly to the water supply channel 66 through the right opening 47. The pressurized water in the water supply channel 66 then flows through the water inlet 31 and the second jet injector 35 to quickly replenish the main water supply pipe 2, eliminating the negative pressure. When a negative water hammer is reflected as a positive water hammer at the end of the system and transmitted in the reverse direction to the left hydraulic chamber 9 and the right hydraulic chamber 53, the left telescopic airbag 54 and the right telescopic airbag 7 rapidly contract, compressing the gas in the left pressure chamber 26 and the right pressure chamber 65, eliminating a portion of the positive water hammer. The remaining positive water hammer continues to exert pressure in the left hydraulic chamber 9 and the right hydraulic chamber 53. Under the pressure of the positive water hammer, the left piston 24 and the right piston 56 move to the left and right respectively, further compressing the gas in the left pressure chamber 26 and the right pressure chamber 65, eliminating the remaining positive water hammer. This process is the positive water hammer suppression process, protecting the system from damage caused by escalating water hammer.

[0040] Also Figure 7As shown, the shape of the left telescopic airbag 54 after it is fully expanded is exactly the same as the internal shape of the left airbag movement cylinder 51. It consists of a left soft bag 55, a left multi-rod telescopic joint 12, a left piston 24, and a left piston reciprocating sealing ring 25 fixed on the periphery. The left soft bag 55 is like an open bottle and is fixed to the left piston 24 by bolts 29. The bottom of the left soft bag 55 is a flat bottom structure. The inside and outside of the left soft bag 55 are equipped with a left inner metal plate 11 and a left outer metal plate 40. When the left multi-rod telescopic joint 12 is in the fully extended state, the left outer metal plate 40 just abuts against the left partition 44. Similarly, the shape of the right telescopic airbag 7 after it is fully expanded is exactly the same as the internal shape of the right airbag movement cylinder 21. It is composed of the right soft bag 8, the right multi-rod telescopic joint 58, the right piston 56, and the right piston reciprocating sealing ring 57 fixed on the periphery. The right soft bag 8 is like an open bottle and is fixed to the right piston 56 by bolts 29. The bottom of the right soft bag 8 is a flat bottom structure. The inside and outside of the right soft bag 8 are equipped with a right inner metal plate 60 and a right outer metal plate 59. When the right multi-rod telescopic joint 58 is in the fully extended state, the right outer metal plate 59 just abuts against the right partition 45. After power failure and pump shutdown or system venting, the pressurized water in the left hydraulic chamber 9 and right hydraulic chamber 53 is completely emptied. Under the protection of the left partition 44 and right partition 55, the left telescopic airbag 54 and right telescopic airbag 7 can only extend to their maximum volume. They will not be further dragged to the bottom of the tank 6 by the pressurized gas in the left air pressure chamber 26 and right air pressure chamber 65, nor will they be dragged into the water supply branch pipe 1 or the main water supply pipe 2. This effectively protects the left soft bag 55 and right soft bag 8, greatly extending the service life of the left telescopic airbag 54 and right telescopic airbag 7, and overcoming the defect of easy rupture of the inner liner of the traditional water bladder type water hammer elimination tank.

[0041] like Figure 8As shown, the bottom of the outer cavity 17 has a small hole 32, below which is a float 37. Inside the float 37 is a float ball 42, and at the bottom of the float 37 is a float ball inlet pipe 64. The other end of the float ball inlet pipe 64 is connected to the water supply branch pipe 1. The top of the float ball 42 is a sealing gasket 36. When the float ball 42 rises under the action of buoyancy, the sealing gasket 36 just comes into contact with the small hole 32, forming a sealing structure. When the system is in steady-state operation, pressurized water from pump 5 enters the float 37 through the water supply branch pipe 1. Air also continuously accumulates on the top of the float 42. As the air accumulates to a certain level, the sealing gasket 36 moves away from the small hole 32, and the accumulated air slowly flows into the outer cavity 17. At this time, if there is any leakage or condensation at the bottom of the outer cavity 17, it also flows into the float 37. After the discharge is complete, the float 42 rises again under the action of buoyancy, and the sealing gasket 36 and the small hole 32 form a seal again. This process can prevent air from entering the inner tank 10 and also remove water that has leaked into the left pressure chamber 26 and the right pressure chamber 65.

[0042] like Figure 9 As shown, the left multi-rod expansion joint 12 is a T-shaped structure with a left blind flange 41 at the top and a left telescopic rod 33 that can freely extend and retract at the bottom. The left blind flange 41 presses against the upper part of the left flange 68 of the tank body, and the left telescopic rod 33 is fixed to the left outer metal plate 40. The left and right extension and retraction of the left telescopic rod 33 will cause the left soft bag-like object 55 to extend and retract left and right. The right multi-rod expansion joint 58 is a T-shaped structure with a right blind flange 61 at the top and a right telescopic rod 70 that can freely extend and retract at the bottom. The right blind flange 61 presses against the upper part of the right flange 69 of the tank body, and the right telescopic rod 70 is fixed to the right outer metal plate 59. The left and right extension and retraction of the right telescopic rod 70 will cause the right soft bag-like object 8 to extend and retract left and right.

[0043] like Figure 10 As shown, a left water immersion sensor 72 is installed on the left end cap 14, and the left probe 74 of the left water immersion sensor 72 is fixed to the bottom of the left inner metal plate 11. A right water immersion sensor 73 is installed on the right end cap 15, and the right probe 74 of the right water immersion sensor 73 is fixed to the bottom of the right inner metal plate 60. This design can monitor whether the left soft bag 55 and the right soft bag 8 are intact. If they break, the left water immersion sensor 72 and the right water immersion sensor 73 can issue an alarm signal to notify the user to replace them.

[0044] The novel horizontally mounted piston-airbag type water hammer protection tank provided by this invention has the following significant advantages: With its novel design, clear principle, and ease of use, the retractable metal mechanism, inner metal plate, and outer metal plate are all made of stainless steel. It has no vulnerable parts, requires no power consumption, and boasts very high technical specifications. It is reliable and durable. This new type of horizontally mounted piston-bladder water hammer protection tank can prevent both depressurization water hammer and pressure-increasing water hammer in water supply systems, ensuring the safe and reliable operation of water supply systems.

[0045] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the design concept of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A horizontally mounted piston-bladder type water hammer protection tank, comprising a tank body (6), a manhole (13) on the top of the tank body (6), an air inlet (43) above the manhole (13), and a left end cap (14) and a right end cap (15) on the left and right sides of the tank body (6); the tank body (6) is connected to the main water supply pipe (2) via a water inlet ball valve (3) and a short-circuit (22) through a water supply branch pipe (1), and the other side of the main water supply pipe (2) is connected to a water pump (5) via a check valve (4), characterized in that: It also includes an inner tank (10) located inside the tank body (6), the bottom of the tank body (6) and the bottom of the inner tank (10) are provided with a water inlet (31) for connecting the two together; an outer cavity (17) is formed between the tank body (6) and the inner tank (10), the inner cavity of the inner tank (10) is an inner cavity (67), the inner tank (10) is provided with a left partition (44) and a right partition (45) that divide the inner cavity (67) into a left inner cavity (52) and a right inner cavity (16), the lower part of the left partition (44) and the right partition (45) is provided with a left opening (46) and a right opening (47), a water supply channel (66) is formed between the left partition (44) and the right partition (45), the outlet of the water supply channel (66) forms a water inlet (31), and the water inlet (31) is connected to a water supply branch pipe (1); The left inner cavity (52) is provided with a left piston movement cylinder (20), a left telescopic airbag (54) and a left airbag movement cylinder (51). The left piston movement cylinder (20) and the left airbag movement cylinder (51) are filled with water to form a left hydraulic cavity (9). The outer cavity (17), the left end cap (14) and the left telescopic airbag (54) are filled with air to form a left air pressure cavity (26). The left air pressure cavity (26) surrounds the left hydraulic cavity (9). The right inner cavity (52) is provided with a right piston movement cylinder (49), a right telescopic airbag (7) and a right airbag movement cylinder (21). The right piston movement cylinder (49) and the right airbag movement cylinder (21) are filled with water to form a right hydraulic cavity (53). The outer cavity (17), the right end cap (15) and the right telescopic airbag (7) are filled with air to form a right air pressure cavity (65). The right air pressure cavity (65) surrounds the right hydraulic cavity (53). The top of the left hydraulic chamber (9) and the right hydraulic chamber (53) are provided with a left circulating water nozzle (50) and a right circulating water nozzle (18). The left and right circulating water nozzles pass through the tank body (6) and are connected to the downstream connecting pipe (34) of the check valve (4) at the outlet of the water pump (5).

2. The horizontally installed piston-bladder type water hammer protection tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left pneumatic chamber (26) and the left hydraulic chamber (9) are completely isolated, and the right pneumatic chamber (65) and the right hydraulic chamber (53) are completely isolated to achieve gas-liquid separation and incompatibility; the left pneumatic chamber (26) and the right pneumatic chamber (53) are both filled with pressurized heat-insulating gas.

3. A horizontally installed piston-bladder type water hammer protection tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left end cap (14) is provided with a left displacement sensor (48), and the right end cap (15) is provided with a right displacement sensor (28).

4. A horizontally installed piston-bladder type water hammer protection tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side wall of the water inlet (31) is provided with a side jet port (19), and the side jet port (19) is connected to a pipeline (23) and a first jet nozzle (27). The first jet nozzle (27) is installed in the upstream connecting pipe (38) of the check valve (4), and the water outlet direction of the first jet nozzle (27) is consistent with the water inlet direction of the check valve (4).

5. A horizontally installed piston-bladder type water hammer protection tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water supply branch pipe (1) is equipped with a second jet nozzle (35), which is located inside the main water supply pipe (2). The water outlet direction of the second jet nozzle (35) is consistent with the water supply direction of the main water supply pipe (2).

6. A horizontally installed piston-bladder type water hammer protection tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left end of the left inner cavity (52) with a larger diameter is the left piston movement cylinder (20), and the right end with a smaller diameter is the left airbag movement cylinder (51). The left piston movement cylinder (20) includes a left piston (24). The left piston (24) is provided with a left piston reciprocating movement sealing ring (25) and performs a sealing reciprocating movement. The left airbag movement cylinder (51) is provided with a left telescopic airbag (54). The left telescopic airbag (54) performs a reciprocating movement with gaps. The right end of the right inner cavity (16) with a larger diameter is the right piston movement cylinder (49), and the left end with a smaller diameter is the right airbag movement cylinder (21). The right piston movement cylinder (49) includes a right piston (56). The right piston is provided with a reciprocating motion sealing ring (57) and performs a sealing reciprocating motion. The right airbag movement cylinder (21) is provided with a right telescopic airbag (7). The right telescopic airbag (7) performs a reciprocating motion with gaps.

7. A horizontally installed piston-bladder type water hammer protection tank according to claim 6, characterized in that: The left telescopic airbag (54) includes a left soft bag-shaped object (55), a left multi-rod telescopic joint (12), a left piston (24), and a left piston reciprocating motion sealing ring (25) fixed on the periphery. The left soft bag-shaped object (55) has an open bottle structure, and the open end is fixed to the left piston (24) by bolts (29). The bottom of the left soft bag-shaped object (55) is equipped with a left inner metal plate (11) and a left outer metal plate (40). When the left multi-rod telescopic joint (12) is in a fully extended state, the left outer metal plate (17) and the left partition (44) abut against each other. The shape of the left telescopic airbag (54) after it is fully expanded is consistent with the internal shape of the left airbag movement cylinder (51). The right telescopic airbag (7) includes a right soft bag (8), a right multi-rod telescopic joint (58), a right piston (56), and a right piston reciprocating sealing ring (57) fixed on the periphery. The right soft bag (8) has an open bottle structure, and the open end is fixed to the right piston (56) by bolts. The bottom of the right soft bag (8) is equipped with a right inner metal plate (59) and a right outer metal plate (60). When the right multi-rod telescopic joint (58) is in a fully extended state, the right outer metal plate (60) just touches the right partition (45). The shape of the right telescopic airbag (7) after it is fully expanded is consistent with the internal shape of the right airbag movement cylinder (21).

8. A horizontally installed piston-bladder type water hammer protection tank according to claim 7, characterized in that: The left multi-rod telescopic joint (12) is configured with a T-shaped structure, with a left blind flange (41) at the top and a left telescopic rod (33) that can freely extend and retract at the bottom. The left blind flange (41) presses on the upper part of the left flange (68) on the tank body. The left telescopic rod (33) is fixed on the left metal outer plate (40). The left telescopic rod (33) extends and retracts left and right, causing the left soft bag-shaped object (55) to extend and retract left and right. The right multi-rod telescopic joint (58) is configured with a T-shaped structure, with a right blind flange (61) at the top and a right telescopic rod (70) that can freely extend and retract at the bottom. The right blind flange (61) presses on the upper part of the right flange (69) on the tank body. The right telescopic rod (70) is fixed on the right metal outer plate (59). The right telescopic rod (70) extends and retracts right and left, causing the right soft bag-shaped object (8) to extend and retract left and right.

9. A horizontally installed piston-bladder type water hammer protection tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the outer cavity (17) is provided with a small hole (32), and a float (37) is provided below the small hole (32). A float (15) is provided inside the float (37), and a float inlet pipe (64) is provided at the bottom of the float (37). The other end of the float inlet pipe (64) is connected to the water supply branch pipe (1). The top of the float (15) is a sealing gasket (36). When the float (15) rises under the action of buoyancy, the sealing gasket (36) and the small hole (32) abut against each other to form a seal.

10. A horizontally installed piston-bladder type water hammer protection tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left end cap (14) is provided with a left water immersion sensor (72), and the left probe (74) of the left water immersion sensor (72) is fixed to the bottom of the left metal inner plate (11). The right end cap (15) is provided with a right water immersion sensor (73), and the right probe (75) of the right water immersion sensor (73) is fixed to the bottom of the right metal inner plate (60).

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