Multi-channel diversion heat dissipation power distribution cabinet for smart grid

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of power distribution cabinet technology and discloses a multi-channel heat dissipation power distribution cabinet for smart grids. It includes a cabinet body with supporting legs at the bottom, a perforated grille top cover at the top of the cabinet body, symmetrically mounted frames on the inner walls of the cabinet, and several copper busbar partitions arranged sequentially from top to bottom on the rear inner walls of the two frames. Layered panels are also symmetrically mounted vertically on the inner walls of the two frames, and a base plate is also mounted on the inner walls of the two frames. This multi-channel heat dissipation power distribution cabinet for smart grids effectively solves the problems in existing technologies where the heat dissipation channels of power distribution cabinets are mostly fixed and normally open, unable to flexibly switch between open and closed states according to environmental conditions. In low-temperature and high-humidity environments, cold and humid air from the outside easily enters the power distribution cabinet, causing condensation, leading to corrosion and short circuits of electrical components, and the inability to effectively balance the contradiction between dust prevention, waterproofing, and heat dissipation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power distribution cabinet technology, and more specifically to a multi-channel heat dissipation power distribution cabinet for smart grids. Background Technology

[0002] As a core infrastructure for power transmission, distribution, and energy regulation in smart grids, distribution cabinets are widely used in various scenarios such as residential communities, industrial plants, and power grid hubs. Their operational stability directly determines the power supply reliability and energy transmission efficiency of the smart grid. With the development of smart grids towards digitalization, intelligence, and high density, the number of electrical components integrated inside distribution cabinets, such as relays, circuit breakers, transformers, and intelligent measurement and control modules, has increased significantly. The power density of these components continues to rise, generating a large amount of heat during operation. If this heat cannot be dissipated in time, the temperature inside the cabinet will rise, affecting the working accuracy and service life of the electrical components. In severe cases, it can cause short circuits, aging failures, or even power outages and other safety accidents. Furthermore, if the distribution cabinet operates in unstable environments such as strong vibrations or continuous shaking (e.g., industrial production, or proximity to earthquake sources), the internal structure and electrical components of the distribution cabinet must remain absolutely stable.

[0003] In response to this, this application designs a multi-channel heat dissipation distribution cabinet for smart grids. Existing distribution cabinets mostly have fixed, normally open heat dissipation channels, which cannot flexibly switch between open and closed states according to environmental conditions. In low-temperature and high-humidity environments, cold and humid air from the outside can easily enter the distribution cabinet and cause condensation, leading to corrosion and short circuits of electrical components. The contradiction between dust prevention, waterproofing, and heat dissipation cannot be effectively balanced. Electrical components and copper busbars mostly adopt fixed installation structures, which are inconvenient for installation and maintenance. The operating space inside the cabinet is small, and personnel need to reach into the cabinet and bend over to operate when inspecting or replacing components. This not only results in low operating efficiency but also poses safety hazards such as electric shock and collisions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a multi-channel heat dissipation distribution cabinet for smart grids. It effectively solves the problems in existing technologies where the heat dissipation channels of distribution cabinets are mostly fixed and normally open, making it impossible to flexibly switch between open and closed states according to environmental conditions. In low-temperature and high-humidity environments, cold and humid air from the outside can easily enter the distribution cabinet and cause condensation, leading to corrosion and short circuits of electrical components. Furthermore, the contradiction between dust prevention, waterproofing, and heat dissipation cannot be effectively balanced.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: This invention provides a multi-channel heat dissipation distribution cabinet for smart grids, comprising: The cabinet has supporting legs at the bottom and a perforated grille top cover at the top. The inner walls of the cabinet are symmetrically fitted with frames on the left and right sides. Several copper busbar partitions are installed on the inner walls of the rear ends of the two frames, arranged from top to bottom. The inner walls of the two frames are also symmetrically fitted with layered panels, and the inner walls of the two frames are also fitted with a bottom plate. The cabinet and the perforated grille top cover are equipped with heat dissipation parts, and the cabinet, the frames, and the copper busbar partitions are equipped with pull-out parts. The heat dissipation unit includes a ventilation filter assembly installed at the top of the cabinet. Several ventilation filter assemblies are installed. Air outlet chambers are opened on the inner wall of the upper part of the cabinet corresponding to several ventilation filter assemblies. Each ventilation filter assembly at the upper part of the cabinet has a connecting air hole that connects to the air outlet chamber. An electric heating block plate is installed on the lower side of the air outlet chamber inside the cabinet. Guide rods are symmetrically installed at the upper end of the electric heating block plate and slide through the cabinet and the perforated grille top cover. A tension spring is sleeved on the outer wall of the guide rod between the cabinet and the perforated grille top cover. An opening and closing assembly is also provided on the cabinet.

[0006] Furthermore, the pull-out section includes slide rail brackets installed on the inner wall of the frame. Several slide rail brackets are installed, and mounting plates are slidably installed on corresponding left and right slide rail brackets. Connecting plates are symmetrically installed between adjacent upper and lower mounting plates. Several guide sliding holes are evenly distributed from top to bottom at one end of the frame facing the slide rail brackets. Pull-out assemblies are provided on the cabinet, frame, and mounting plates.

[0007] Furthermore, the layered plate is located between two adjacent copper busbar partitions, the bottom plate is located between two middle copper busbar partitions, and the uppermost mounting plate has an clearance opening corresponding to the electric heating block plate.

[0008] Furthermore, the opening and closing assembly includes a rotating shaft that is rotatably installed at the left end of the cabinet, a cam column that is fixedly sleeved in the middle of the outer wall of the rotating shaft, a notch that is opened at the upper end of the cabinet corresponding to the cam column, and a drive box for driving the rotating shaft is installed at the right end of the cabinet.

[0009] Furthermore, the opening and closing assembly also includes a vertical mounting plate installed on the inner wall of the upper end of the rectangular slot. The vertical mounting plate slides through both the cabinet and the electric heating block plate, and the lower end face of the vertical mounting plate is movably attached to the inner wall of the clearance opening. The lower end of the vertical mounting plate has symmetrically opened receiving grooves on the left and right sides. A snap-fit ​​sliding plate is slidably installed on the inner wall of the receiving groove by compression spring. Both the receiving groove and the snap-fit ​​sliding plate are of the C-shape design. The upper horizontal section of the snap-fit ​​sliding plate is an isosceles trapezoidal structure, and the lower horizontal section is rounded. The inner wall of the lower end of the clearance opening has an alignment cavity corresponding to the vertical mounting plate. The inner walls of the left and right ends of the alignment cavity have slots corresponding to the snap-fit ​​sliding plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the pull-out assembly includes support plates symmetrically installed on the inner walls of the left and right ends of the cabinet, corresponding to the guide sliding holes, with a sliding rod installed on both the front and rear support plates.

[0011] Furthermore, the pull-out assembly also includes magnetic plates one installed at both ends of the mounting plate. Magnetic plates one are slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the slide rod. Magnetic plates two are installed on the inner walls of the front and rear ends of the cabinet and frame corresponding to the guide slide holes. Magnetic plates two are fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the slide rod. Handles are also installed on the lower front end of several mounting plates.

[0012] Furthermore, the front and rear cabinets are hinged to the front and rear ends of the cabinet respectively. The rear cabinet door is also symmetrically installed with ventilation filter groups on both sides. The bottom copper busbar partition has ventilation openings corresponding to the two ventilation filter groups on the left and right.

[0013] The technical solution provided by this invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art: This invention provides a multi-channel heat dissipation distribution cabinet for smart grids. During routine installation and maintenance of electrical components and copper busbars, workers open the front and rear cabinet doors and repeat the pre-installation steps. Then, workers pull the handles on the corresponding mounting plates. Through the linkage of the connecting plates, the multi-layer mounting plates are simultaneously pulled outwards along the slide rail bracket. During this pulling process, magnetic plate one slides forward along the sliding rod until magnetic plate one and magnetic plate two magnetically adhere, completing the pulling, positioning, and locking of the mounting plates. The sliding cooperation between the sliding rod and magnetic plate one provides auxiliary guidance for the pulling of the mounting plates, preventing deformation of the slide rail bracket on one side. The pull-out mounting plates transfer the pre-installation position of electrical components from the confined space inside the cabinet to the outside, significantly increasing the operating space and avoiding the electric shock safety hazards of bending over or reaching into the cabinet. Simultaneously, the magnetic locking of magnetic plate one and magnetic plate two achieves automatic positioning of the mounting plates after they are pulled out, preventing rebound or slippage during the pulling process.

[0014] During the heat dissipation phase under normal operating conditions at room temperature, the operator first pulls the handwheel to the right, causing the rotating shaft to move synchronously to the right. Continuing to rotate the handwheel further rotates the shaft, causing the flange of the cam column to push the electric heating plate downwards. The electric heating plate then moves the guide rod downwards, creating a guide gap with a normal opening between the electric heating plate and the air outlet chamber. Once the electric heating plate reaches its lowest point, the operator pushes the handwheel to the left, causing the rotating shaft to move synchronously to the left. Through the rotation of the cam column, the height of the electric heating plate is precisely controlled, thereby precisely adjusting the opening of the guide gap in the air outlet chamber to meet the heat dissipation airflow requirements under normal operating conditions. This ensures sufficient airflow while preventing excessive opening that could lead to dust and moisture entering the cabinet, balancing the core requirements of heat dissipation and protection.

[0015] During the anti-condensation heating and temperature rise start-up phase inside the cabinet, the electric heating function of the electric heating block plate needs to be activated. After the electric heating block plate is powered on, it generates heat, which not only heats and raises the temperature of the air inside the cabinet, increasing the overall temperature inside the cabinet and making the air temperature inside the cabinet higher than the dew point temperature to prevent water vapor from condensing at the bottom, but also heats and evaporates the condensation at the top of the electric heating block plate. This prevents condensation from entering the cabinet when the electric heating block plate is opened to restore the heat dissipation channel, which could cause problems such as reduced insulation of electrical components, short circuits, and corrosion. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the second-angle three-dimensional structure in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the frame, copper busbar partition, and pull-out section in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional separation of the frame, copper busbar partition, and pull-out section in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional separation of the cabinet body, shelf panels, and pull-out section in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a partial three-dimensional cross-section of the cabinet, the perforated grille top cover, and the heat dissipation section in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional separation of the perforated grille top cover and the heat dissipation part in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional partial cross-section of the porous grille top cover and the heat dissipation part in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional separation of the opening and closing assembly in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the cabinet, connecting vents, and notches in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] The labels in the diagram represent: 1. Cabinet body; 11. Front cabinet door; 12. Rear cabinet door; 2. Perforated grille top cover; 3. Frame; 4. Copper busbar partition; 5. Layered board; 6. Base plate; 7. Heat dissipation section; 71. Ventilation and filtration assembly; 72. Air outlet chamber; 73. Connecting air hole; 74. Electric heating blocking plate; 75. Guide rod; 76. Opening and closing assembly; 761. Rotating shaft; 762. Cam column; 763. Notch; 764. Drive box; 765. Vertical mounting plate; 766. Receiving slot; 767. Snap-fit ​​sliding plate; 768. Slot; 769. Alignment cavity; 8. Pull-out section; 81. Slide rail bracket; 82. Mounting plate; 83. Connecting plate; 84. Guide sliding hole; 85. Pull-out assembly; 851. Support plate; 852. Slide rod; 853. Magnetic suction plate one; 854. Magnetic suction plate two; 855. Handle. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments.

[0021] Example: Please see Figures 1-9 This invention provides a technical solution: a multi-channel heat dissipation distribution cabinet for smart grids, comprising: The cabinet 1 has supporting legs at the bottom. A perforated grille top cover 2 is installed on the top of the cabinet 1. The perforated grille top cover 2 is an inverted boss structure with a rectangular groove at the bottom. Frames 3 are symmetrically installed on the inner wall of the cabinet 1. Frames 3 are a C-shaped structure composed of two L-shaped plates and a rectangular plate. Several copper busbar partitions 4 are installed on the inner wall of the rear end of the two frames 3 in a descending order. Layered plates 5 are also symmetrically installed on the inner wall of the two frames 3. A bottom plate 6 is also installed on the inner wall of the two frames 3. Heat dissipation parts 7 are provided on the cabinet 1 and the perforated grille top cover 2. Pull-out parts 8 are provided on the cabinet 1, the frame 3 and the copper busbar partitions 4. The heat dissipation unit 7 includes a ventilation filter assembly 71 installed at the upper end of the cabinet 1. The ventilation filter assembly 71 consists of a fan and a filter plate, and several ventilation filter assemblies 71 are installed. The several ventilation filter assemblies 71 are evenly distributed in a rectangular shape. The upper inner wall of the cabinet 1 has an air outlet chamber 72 corresponding to the several ventilation filter assemblies 71. The upper end of the cabinet 1 has a connecting air hole 73 corresponding to the several ventilation filter assemblies 71, which is connected to the air outlet chamber 72. An electric heating block plate 74 is provided inside the cabinet 1 below the air outlet chamber 72. The upper end of the electric heating block plate 74 is symmetrically equipped with guide rods 75 that slide through the cabinet 1 and the perforated grille top cover 2. The upper end of the guide rod 75 has a plug, and the part of the outer wall of the guide rod 75 between the cabinet 1 and the perforated grille top cover 2 is fitted with a tension spring. The cabinet 1 is also provided with an opening and closing assembly 76.

[0022] The pull-out section 8 includes a slide rail bracket 81 installed on the inner wall of the frame 3. Several slide rail brackets 81 are installed, and the slide rail brackets 81 are distributed from top to bottom. The two upper slide rail brackets 81 have an H-shaped structure, and the two lower slide rail brackets 81 have a cross-shaped structure. The corresponding left and right slide rail brackets 81 are slidably mounted with mounting plates 82. The adjacent upper and lower mounting plates 82 are symmetrically mounted with connecting plates 83. The frame 3 has several guide holes 84 evenly distributed from top to bottom at one end facing the slide rail bracket 81. The cabinet 1, the frame 3, and the mounting plates 82 are all equipped with pull-out assemblies 85.

[0023] The layered plate 5 is located between two adjacent copper busbar partitions 4, the bottom plate 6 is located between two middle copper busbar partitions 4, and the uppermost mounting plate 82 has an clearance opening corresponding to the electric heating blocking plate 74.

[0024] The opening and closing assembly 76 includes a rotating shaft 761 that is rotatably installed through the left end of the cabinet 1, a cam column 762 that is fixedly sleeved in the middle of the outer wall of the rotating shaft 761, a notch 763 that is opened at the upper end of the cabinet 1 corresponding to the cam column 762, and a drive box 764 for driving the rotating shaft 761 is installed at the right end of the cabinet 1.

[0025] The opening and closing assembly 76 also includes a vertical mounting plate 765 installed on the inner wall of the upper end of the rectangular groove. The vertical mounting plate 765 slides through the cabinet 1 and the electric heating blocking plate 74, and the lower end of the vertical mounting plate 765 is movably attached to the inner wall of the clearance opening. The lower end of the vertical mounting plate 765 is symmetrically provided with receiving grooves 766. The inner wall of the receiving groove 766 is slidably installed with a snap-fit ​​sliding plate 767 by compression spring. Both the receiving groove 766 and the snap-fit ​​sliding plate 767 are of the C-shape design. The upper horizontal section of the snap-fit ​​sliding plate 767 is an isosceles trapezoidal structure, and the lower horizontal section is rounded. The inner wall of the lower end of the clearance opening is provided with an alignment cavity 769 corresponding to the vertical mounting plate 765. The inner walls of the left and right ends of the alignment cavity 769 are provided with slots 768 corresponding to the snap-fit ​​sliding plate 767.

[0026] The pull-out assembly 85 includes support plates 851 that are symmetrically installed on the inner walls of the left and right ends of the cabinet 1, corresponding to the guide sliding holes 84. A sliding rod 852 is installed on both the front and rear support plates 851.

[0027] The pull-out assembly 85 also includes magnetic plates 853 installed at both ends of the mounting plate 82. Magnetic plates 853 are slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the slide rod 852. Magnetic plates 854 are installed on the inner walls of the front and rear ends of the cabinet body 1 and the frame 3 corresponding to the guide slide holes 84. Magnetic plates 854 are fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the slide rod 852. Handles 855 are also installed on the lower front side of several mounting plates 82.

[0028] The front cabinet door 11 and the rear cabinet door 12 are hinged to the front and rear ends respectively. The rear cabinet door 12 is also symmetrically installed with ventilation filter groups 71 on the left and right sides. The copper busbar partition 4 at the bottom has ventilation openings corresponding to the two ventilation filter groups 71 on the left and right sides.

[0029] In practice: First, the heat dissipation part 7 in this application is used to provide effective heat dissipation for the electrical components installed in the distribution cabinet, and the pull-out part 8 is used to pull out several mounting plates 82 simultaneously to facilitate the installation, removal and maintenance of electrical components.

[0030] During the assembly and electrical component installation phase of cabinet 1, the staff first place cabinet 1 horizontally in the standard installation position. The frame 3 of the U-shaped structure is symmetrically installed on the left and right sides of the inner wall of cabinet 1. After the frame 3 is fixed, several copper busbar partitions 4 are installed from top to bottom on the inner wall of the rear end of the two left and right frames 3. The layered plate 5 is installed between adjacent copper busbar partitions 4, and the bottom plate 6 is installed between the two copper busbar partitions 4 in the middle. This completes the division of the internal chambers of the cabinet. Through the layered layout of copper busbar partitions 4, layered plate 5, and bottom plate 6, the interior of cabinet 1 is divided into independent chambers such as copper busbar installation chamber and electrical component installation chamber, realizing the separation of strong and weak currents and multi-circuit isolation. At the same time, it forms a vertical multi-channel air duct, providing a directional airflow basis for subsequent heat dissipation and structurally avoiding airflow short-circuit problems.

[0031] Next, install the corresponding number of slide rail brackets 81 from top to bottom on the inner walls of the left and right frames 3. Slide the mounting plates 82 on the corresponding slide rail brackets 81 to ensure that the mounting plates 82 slide smoothly without jamming. Install connecting plates 83 symmetrically between adjacent upper and lower mounting plates 82 to complete the linkage assembly of the multi-layer mounting plates 82. Then, install support plates 851 symmetrically at the front and back positions corresponding to the guide sliding holes 84 on the cabinet 1 and frame 3. Install slide rods 852 between the front and back support plates 851. Install magnetic suction plates 853 at the left and right ends of the mounting plates 82 so that the magnetic suction plates 853 slide and fit onto the slide rods 852. On the outer wall of 52, magnetic suction plates 854 are installed sequentially on the front and rear sides of the slide rod 852, corresponding to the guide sliding holes 84, to verify the magnetic locking effect of magnetic suction plates 853 and 854. Finally, a handle 855 is installed on the lower front end of the mounting plate 82 to complete the overall assembly of the pull-out part 8. The slide rail bracket 81 with H-shaped and cross-shaped differentiated structures is adapted to the load-bearing requirements of electrical components of different weights, greatly improving the structural strength and stability of the sliding support. The synchronous linkage of multiple mounting plates 82 is realized through the connecting plate 83, which can realize the synchronous operation of multiple components in a single pull-out, greatly improving the efficiency of subsequent installation and maintenance.

[0032] In the linkage assembly stage of the heat dissipation unit 7, firstly, several ventilation filter groups 71 are installed at the upper end of the connecting vent 73. Ventilation filter groups 71 are symmetrically installed through the rear cabinet door 12 of the cabinet body 1. Ventilation openings are made on the bottom copper busbar partition 4 corresponding to the rear ventilation filter groups 71, forming a complete airflow channel. Next, an electric heating blocking plate 74 and a guide rod 75 are installed on the lower side of the air outlet chamber 72 inside the cabinet body 1. The guide rod 75 slides through the cabinet body 1 and the perforated grille top cover 2. A tension spring is fitted between the cabinet body 1 and the perforated grille top cover 2 on the outer wall of the guide rod 75, completing the assembly. Then, the perforated grille top cover 2 is installed on the upper end of the cabinet 1 to verify the smoothness of the lifting and lowering of the electric heating block plate 74. Then, the rotating shaft 761 with the cam column 762 slidably sleeved on the outer wall is rotated and installed through the left and right ends of the cabinet 1. The drive box 764 for driving the rotating shaft 761 is installed on the right end of the cabinet 1, which completes the linkage assembly of the opening and closing group 76 and the heat dissipation part 7. Through the cooperation of the ventilation filter group 71 at the top and rear ends, a complete heat dissipation air duct is formed, which is "air intake at the bottom of the rear end - vertical multi-channel airflow inside the cabinet 1 - air outlet at the top". The natural characteristic of hot air rising is used to improve the airflow circulation efficiency.

[0033] During the pre-installation and wiring debugging phase of electrical components and copper busbars, the staff first pulls the handle 855 to the appropriate position, simultaneously pulling the multi-layer mounting plate 82 outward along the slide rail bracket 81 until the magnetic suction plate 853 and the corresponding magnetic suction plate 854 on the front side are magnetically attracted and locked. The control components, protection components, metering components, and other electrical components used in the smart grid are then installed on the corresponding mounting plates 82. The distribution copper busbars are then installed on the copper busbar partition 4 in corresponding layers, completing the pre-installation of components and copper busbars. After pre-installation, the mounting plate 82 is pushed back into the cabinet 1 until the magnetic suction plate 853 and the rear magnetic suction plate 854 are magnetically attracted and locked, completing the electrical wiring and circuit continuity test. The wiring inside the cabinet is then tidied up. Finally, the front cabinet door 11 and the rear cabinet door 12 are closed, completing the process. Regarding the overall assembly of the distribution cabinet, it should be noted that during the process of pushing the mounting plate 82 back into the cabinet 1, the vertical structure on the slide rail bracket 81 can assist in positioning the mounting plate 82 during the repositioning process, preventing it from sliding excessively backward and compressing the rear heat dissipation space. The pull-out mounting plate 82 transfers the pre-installation position of electrical components from the narrow space inside the cabinet 1 to the outside of the cabinet 1, greatly improving the operating space and avoiding the safety hazards of electric shock from bending over or reaching into the cabinet 1. At the same time, it can realize the simultaneous pre-installation of components and wiring of the cabinet 1, greatly shortening the assembly period. Furthermore, through the layered installation of copper busbar partitions 4, not only can the isolation installation of multiple circuit copper busbars be realized, facilitating wiring and subsequent maintenance, but it can also avoid the risk of phase-to-phase short circuits and improve the safety of the power distribution circuit.

[0034] During the routine installation, removal, and maintenance of electrical components and copper busbars, strictly follow the power grid outage maintenance procedures. Disconnect the main incoming switch of the distribution cabinet, perform voltage testing and discharge operations on the distribution cabinet, and then have the staff open the front cabinet door 11 and the rear cabinet door 12 to confirm that there is no residual voltage inside the cabinet before proceeding to the maintenance operation.

[0035] Repeat the pre-installation steps for electrical components and copper busbars. The worker then pulls the handle 855 on the corresponding mounting plate 82. Through the linkage of the connecting plate 83, the multi-layer mounting plate 82 is pulled outwards synchronously along the slide rail bracket 81. During the pulling process, the magnetic suction plate 853 slides forward synchronously along the sliding rod 852 until it magnetically attaches with the front magnetic suction plate 854, completing the pulling, positioning, and locking of the mounting plate 82. The sliding cooperation between the sliding rod 852 and the magnetic suction plate 853 provides auxiliary guidance for the pulling of the mounting plate 82, preventing deformation of the slide rail bracket 81 on one side. Simultaneously, the magnetic locking between the magnetic suction plate 853 and the magnetic suction plate 854 achieves automatic positioning of the mounting plate 82 after it is pulled into place, preventing rebound and slippage during the pulling process and improving the safety of the installation operation.

[0036] Meanwhile, the operating channel of the rear cabinet door 12 allows for temperature detection, tightening torque re-inspection, and insulation performance testing of the layered copper busbars installed on the copper busbar partition 4. If a copper busbar needs to be replaced, the disassembly and assembly operations can be performed directly on the corresponding layer of the copper busbar partition 4. The layered isolation structure of the copper busbar partition 4 provides an independent operating space, avoiding mutual interference between upper and lower copper busbars. The design of the front and rear double cabinet doors enables dual-channel operation for component maintenance and copper busbar maintenance, without interference between them. This allows for simultaneous operation by multiple people, further improving maintenance efficiency. The layered isolation of the copper busbar partition 4 completely separates the copper busbars of different circuits. When maintaining a single-circuit copper busbar, there is no need to touch other energized circuits (single-circuit power outage maintenance can be achieved in dual-power supply scenarios), greatly improving the safety of maintenance operations. At the same time, it avoids disturbance to other operating circuits during disassembly and assembly, ensuring the continuity of power grid supply.

[0037] After completing the maintenance work on the components and copper busbars, the staff pulls the handle 855 and pushes it backward to overcome the magnetic attraction of magnetic plate 853 and magnetic plate 854, pushing the mounting plate 82 smoothly back to its initial position inside the cabinet 1 along the slide rail bracket 81 until magnetic plate 853 and magnetic plate 854 on the rear side are magnetically attracted and locked. The wiring and wire harness arrangement inside the cabinet 1 are then organized, and the front cabinet door 11 and rear cabinet door 12 are closed. The power supply to the distribution cabinet is restored, and the operating parameters and heat dissipation function of the distribution cabinet are fully re-inspected. After confirming that the equipment is operating normally, the maintenance work is completed.

[0038] It should be noted that the lower end face of the electric heating blocking plate 74 is initially flush with the upper inner wall of the cabinet 1, the air outlet 72 (heat dissipation channel) on the upper side of the cabinet 1 is in a closed state, and the drive box 764 can be used with an external temperature and humidity detection device. The drive box 764 can automatically control the rotating shaft 761 to drive the cam column 762 to rotate 180 degrees according to the real-time temperature and humidity of the working environment, thereby achieving the effect of controlling the electric heating blocking plate 74 to open / block the air outlet 72 (heat dissipation channel) on the upper side of the cabinet 1. It can also fix and lock the angle of the rotating shaft 761 and the cam column 762 after rotation to prevent them from shifting and affecting the normal operation of the heat dissipation system of the cabinet 1.

[0039] During the heat dissipation phase of cabinet 1 under normal operating conditions, when it is necessary to control the electric heating block plate 74 to open the upper air outlet 72 (heat dissipation channel) of cabinet 1, the drive box 764 automatically controls the rotating shaft 761 to drive the cam column 762 to rotate synchronously by 180 degrees. The flange of the cam column 762 will push the electric heating block plate 74 downward, and the electric heating block plate 74 will drive the guide rod 75 to move downward synchronously. The tension spring will be stretched, and a guide gap with a normal opening will be formed between the electric heating block plate 74 and the air outlet 72. During this period, the guide rod 75 can guide and limit the electric heating block plate 74 in the vertical direction. Through the rotation of the cam column 762, the lifting height of the electric heating block plate 74 is precisely controlled, thereby precisely adjusting the opening of the guide gap of the air outlet 72 to meet the heat dissipation air volume requirements under normal operating conditions. This ensures sufficient heat dissipation airflow while avoiding excessive opening that would cause a large amount of dust and moisture to enter the interior of cabinet 1, thus balancing the core requirements of heat dissipation and protection.

[0040] In the initial stage of the multi-channel heat dissipation airflow circulation, the cooling fans of the ventilation filter group 71 at the top of the cabinet 1 and the rear of the rear cabinet door 12 are started. The operation of the fans creates negative pressure. After being filtered by the ventilation filter group 71 on the rear cabinet door 12, the outside air enters the cabinet 1 through the vent of the bottom copper busbar partition 4. The airflow flows upward along the vertical multi-channel airflow channel formed by the separation of the copper busbar partition 4 and the layered plate 5, flowing through each layer of copper busbar and electrical components in sequence, and fully exchanging heat with the heat-generating components, carrying away the heat generated by the operation of the components and copper busbar. As the hot air rises, it gathers in the air outlet chamber 72, and then passes through the docking air hole 73 and the top ventilation filter group 71 for filtration. Finally, it is discharged outside the cabinet 1 through the perforated grille top cover 2, forming a complete vertical multi-channel heat dissipation circulation.

[0041] During the anti-condensation insulation stage of cabinet 1 under low temperature and high humidity conditions, if cabinet 1 operates in poor weather conditions with low temperature and relative humidity above 80%, condensation is likely to occur inside cabinet 1, leading to decreased insulation of components and short circuits. The core is to eliminate the risk of condensation. To ensure the reliability of equipment operation in low temperature environments, it is necessary to control the electric heating blocking plate 74 to block the air outlet 72 (heat dissipation channel) on the upper side of cabinet 1. Then, the drive box 764 automatically controls the rotating shaft 761 to drive the cam column 762 to rotate synchronously by 180 degrees, so that the flange of the cam column 762 rotates to the highest position and pulls... The spring rebounds, causing the guide rod 75 and the electric heating blocking plate 74 to move upward synchronously, so that the electric heating blocking plate 74 completely blocks the lower opening of the air outlet 72, achieving full sealing of the top heat dissipation channel. At the same time, the cooling fan of the ventilation filter group 71 is turned off, stopping the air cooling circulation. Through the full sealing of the electric heating blocking plate 74, the low temperature and high humidity air from the outside is completely isolated from entering the cabinet 1 through the top heat dissipation channel, preventing cold air from entering the cabinet and causing the surface temperature of the components to drop below the dew point temperature, resulting in condensation. At the same time, sealing the cabinet 1 can reduce heat loss inside the cabinet and maintain the stability of the temperature inside the cabinet.

[0042] During the initial heating and decondensation prevention phase inside cabinet 1, due to the open structure of the perforated grille top cover 2, moisture may enter the upper part of the electric heating plate 74, causing condensation. Therefore, the electric heating function of the electric heating plate 74 needs to be activated. Once powered on, the electric heating plate 74 generates heat, which not only heats the air inside cabinet 1, raising the overall temperature above the dew point to prevent partial condensation, but also evaporates any condensation on the upper part of the electric heating plate 74, preventing the need for the plate to be opened later to restore heat dissipation. When condensation enters the cabinet 1, it can cause problems such as reduced insulation, short circuits, and corrosion of electrical components. The integrated heating design of the electric heating blocking plate 74 eliminates the need for a separate heater, simplifying the internal structure of the cabinet 1. Furthermore, the installation location of the blocking structure ensures high heating efficiency and good temperature uniformity. It also raises the internal temperature of the cabinet to above the dew point temperature, fundamentally solving the condensation problem in low-temperature, high-humidity environments. This avoids problems such as reduced insulation, short circuits, and corrosion caused by condensation, significantly improving the operational reliability of the distribution cabinet in low-temperature, high-humidity environments.

[0043] It is worth emphasizing that, in the initial state, the electric heating block plate 74 is in the state of opening the upper air vent 72 (heat dissipation channel) of the cabinet 1, that is, the electric heating block plate 74 is located at the lowest position. During the pre-installation of electrical components and copper busbars and the daily loading and unloading maintenance work, the drive box 764 can first control the rotating shaft 761 to drive the cam column 762 to rotate 90 degrees. As the flange of the cam column 762 rotates around the rotating shaft 761, the effective stroke of the downward contact with the electric heating block plate 74 will gradually decrease. At this time, the electric heating block plate 74 will also move upward synchronously under the action of the tension spring until the electric heating block plate 74 moves to the position corresponding to the upper horizontal section of the snap-fit ​​slide plate 767. At this time, under the contact force of the electric heating block plate 74, the upper horizontal sections of the left and right snap-fit ​​slide plates 767 will be squeezed and retracted into the corresponding receiving grooves 766 respectively, thus achieving the effect of not hindering the subsequent installation plate 82 from being pushed backward to the designated position in the cabinet 1.

[0044] When several mounting plates 82 are simultaneously pushed back to their designated positions within the cabinet 1, until the magnetic suction plate 853 and the rear magnetic suction plate 854 magnetically adhere and lock together, the vertical mounting plate 765 will be located within the alignment cavity 769, and the front end of the vertical mounting plate 765 will be flush with the front end of the mounting plate 82. Then, the drive box 764 can control the rotating shaft 761 to rotate the cam column 762 90 degrees. As the flange of the cam column 762 rotates around the rotating shaft 761, it gradually increases the effective stroke of the downward contact with the electrically heated blocking plate 74 to return to its original position. At this time, the electrically heated blocking plate 74 will also move downward synchronously under the action of the tension spring. At this time, the electric heating blocking plate 74 will return to its original position and release the resistance force on the upper horizontal section of the two left and right snap-fit ​​sliding plates 767. Under the action of the compression spring, the two left and right snap-fit ​​sliding plates 767 will move away from each other and extend into the corresponding receiving grooves 766 and insert into the corresponding snap-fit ​​grooves 768, thereby achieving the snap-fit ​​limiting effect on the uppermost mounting plate 82. This prevents the power distribution cabinet from working in an unstable environment such as strong vibration and continuous shaking, which could cause the mounting plate 82 and its electrical components to shift and shake, leading to connection failure, component damage and structural fatigue, and other faults, thus ensuring the stability of the internal structure of the cabinet 1.

[0045] It should also be noted that when the electric heating blocking plate 74 is in the position of opening / blocking the air outlet 72 (heat dissipation channel) on the upper side of the cabinet 1, it will not abut against the locking slide plate 767. At this time, the locking slide plate 767 will extend into the corresponding receiving groove 766 under the action of the compression spring, and can lock and limit the mounting plate 82. When it is necessary to release, repeat the above steps and control the cam column 762 to rotate 90 degrees so that the electric heating blocking plate 74 is in the position corresponding to the upper horizontal section of the locking slide plate 767, and abut against it to control it to retract into the corresponding receiving groove 766.

[0046] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions will not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the protection scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-channel heat dissipation distribution cabinet for smart grids, characterized in that, include: The cabinet (1) has supporting legs at the bottom. The cabinet (1) is equipped with a perforated grid top cover (2) at the top. The perforated grid top cover (2) is an inverted boss structure with a rectangular groove at the bottom. The inner wall of the cabinet (1) is symmetrically equipped with a frame (3). The frame (3) is a C-shaped structure composed of two L-shaped plates and a rectangular plate. Several copper busbar partitions (4) are installed on the inner wall of the rear end of the two frames (3) in a descending order. The inner walls of the two frames (3) are also symmetrically equipped with layered plates (5) and a bottom plate (6) is installed on the inner walls of the two frames (3). The cabinet (1) and the perforated grid top cover (2) are equipped with heat dissipation parts (7). The cabinet (1), the frame (3) and the copper busbar partitions (4) are equipped with pull-out parts (8). The heat dissipation unit (7) includes a ventilation filter assembly (71) installed at the upper end of the cabinet (1). The ventilation filter assembly (71) consists of a fan and a filter plate, and several ventilation filter assemblies (71) are installed. The several ventilation filter assemblies (71) are evenly distributed in a rectangular shape. An air outlet chamber (72) is opened on the upper inner wall of the cabinet (1) corresponding to several ventilation filter assemblies (71). An air outlet chamber (72) is opened on the upper end of the cabinet (1) corresponding to several ventilation filter assemblies (71) and connected to the air outlet chamber (72). The cabinet (1) has a connecting air hole (73), and an electric heating block plate (74) is provided on the lower side of the air outlet chamber (72). The upper end of the electric heating block plate (74) is symmetrically equipped with guide rods (75) that slide through the cabinet (1) and the perforated grid top cover (2). The upper end of the guide rod (75) is equipped with a plug, and a tension spring is sleeved on the part of the outer wall of the guide rod (75) between the cabinet (1) and the perforated grid top cover (2). The cabinet (1) is also equipped with an opening and closing assembly (76).

2. The multi-channel heat dissipation distribution cabinet for smart grids according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pull-out section (8) includes a slide rail bracket (81) installed on the inner wall of the frame (3). Several slide rail brackets (81) are installed, and the slide rail brackets (81) are arranged from top to bottom. The two upper slide rail brackets (81) are H-shaped and the two lower slide rail brackets (81) are cross-shaped. The corresponding left and right slide rail brackets (81) are slidably mounted with mounting plates (82). The adjacent upper and lower mounting plates (82) are symmetrically mounted with connecting plates (83). The frame (3) has several guide sliding holes (84) evenly distributed from top to bottom at one end facing the slide rail bracket (81). The cabinet (1), the frame (3) and the mounting plate (82) are all provided with pull-out groups (85).

3. A multi-channel heat dissipation distribution cabinet for smart grids according to claim 2, characterized in that: The layered plate (5) is located between two adjacent copper busbar partitions (4), the bottom plate (6) is located between two middle copper busbar partitions (4), and the uppermost mounting plate (82) has an opening at the upper end corresponding to the electric heating blocking plate (74).

4. A multi-channel heat dissipation distribution cabinet for smart grids according to claim 1, characterized in that: The opening and closing assembly (76) includes a rotating shaft (761) that is rotatably installed at the left end of the cabinet (1), a cam column (762) that is fixedly sleeved in the middle of the outer wall of the rotating shaft (761), a notch (763) that is opened at the upper end of the cabinet (1) corresponding to the cam column (762), and a drive box (764) for driving the rotating shaft (761) is installed at the right end of the cabinet (1).

5. A multi-channel heat dissipation distribution cabinet for smart grids according to claim 4, characterized in that: The opening and closing assembly (76) also includes a vertical mounting plate (765) installed on the inner wall of the upper end of the rectangular groove. The vertical mounting plate (765) slides through the cabinet (1) and the electric heating blocking plate (74) at the same time. The lower end of the vertical mounting plate (765) is movably attached to the inner wall of the clearance opening. The lower end of the vertical mounting plate (765) is symmetrically provided with receiving grooves (766). The inner wall of the receiving groove (766) is slidably installed with a snap-fit ​​sliding plate (767) by compression spring. The receiving groove (766) and the snap-fit ​​sliding plate (767) are both of the C-shaped design. The horizontal section on the upper side of the snap-fit ​​sliding plate (767) is an isosceles trapezoidal structure, and the horizontal section on the lower side is rounded. The inner wall of the lower end of the clearance opening is provided with a corresponding alignment cavity (769) for the vertical mounting plate (765). The inner walls of the left and right ends of the alignment cavity (769) are provided with corresponding snap-fit ​​grooves (768) for the snap-fit ​​sliding plate (767).

6. A multi-channel heat dissipation distribution cabinet for smart grids according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pull-out assembly (85) includes support plates (851) that are symmetrically installed on the inner walls of the left and right ends of the cabinet (1) with corresponding guide sliding holes (84). A sliding rod (852) is installed on both the front and rear support plates (851).

7. A multi-channel heat dissipation distribution cabinet for smart grids according to claim 6, characterized in that: The pull-out assembly (85) also includes a magnetic suction plate (853) installed at both ends of the mounting plate (82). The magnetic suction plate (853) is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the slide rod (852). The inner walls of the front and rear ends of the cabinet (1) and the frame (3) corresponding to the guide slide hole (84) are all equipped with a magnetic suction plate (854). The magnetic suction plate (854) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the slide rod (852). A handle (855) is also installed on the lower front end of several mounting plates (82).

8. A multi-channel heat dissipation distribution cabinet for smart grids according to claim 7, characterized in that: The cabinet (1) is hinged to the front and rear ends respectively with a front cabinet door (11) and a rear cabinet door (12). The rear end of the rear cabinet door (12) is also symmetrically installed with ventilation filter groups (71). The copper busbar partition (4) at the bottom has ventilation openings corresponding to the two ventilation filter groups (71) on the left and right.

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