Charging control circuit and charging control system

Abstract

This application relates to a charging control circuit and a charging control system. The charging control circuit includes: a control branch; a detection branch, the output terminals of the detection branch and the control branch being grounded; a charging branch, the output terminal of which is connected to the input terminals of the detection branch and the control branch, respectively; and a controller, which is connected to the detection pin of the detection branch and the control pin of the charging branch, respectively. The controller is used to: apply a cutoff level to the control pin when the detection pin is detected to a first level, thereby stopping the control branch from supplying power to the charging branch; and apply a conduction level to the control pin when the detection pin is detected to a second level, thereby controlling the control branch to supply power to the charging branch. Using this charging control circuit, the charging process of electronic devices can be controlled quickly and efficiently.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of charging technology, and in particular to a charging control circuit and a charging control system. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of technology, portable electronic devices can be charged through charging cases to extend their battery life, such as breast pump batteries and Bluetooth headsets.

[0003] During the charging process of an electronic device in a charging case, it is necessary to first check whether the electronic device is correctly placed inside the charging case. The charging detection method in related technologies usually involves placing a Hall magnet on the electronic device and then using a Hall sensor to detect whether the electronic device is correctly placed inside the charging case. Once it is confirmed that the electronic device is correctly placed inside the charging case, the charging process begins.

[0004] However, current charging detection methods are costly and complex, making it impossible to quickly control the charging process of electronic devices. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on this, and in response to the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides a charging control circuit and a charging control system that can quickly and efficiently control the charging process of electronic devices.

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides a charging control circuit, which includes:

[0007] Control branch;

[0008] The detection branch, the output terminal of the detection branch, and the output terminal of the control branch are grounded;

[0009] The charging branch's output is connected to the input of the detection branch and the input of the control branch, respectively; and

[0010] The controller is connected to the detection pin of the detection branch and the control pin of the charging branch, respectively.

[0011] The controller is used for:

[0012] If the detection pin is detected to be at the first level, a cutoff level is applied to the control pin to stop the control branch from supplying power to the charging branch; and

[0013] When the detection pin is detected to be at the second level, a conduction level is applied to the control pin to control the control branch to supply power to the charging branch.

[0014] In one embodiment, the detection branch includes a first resistor and a second resistor connected in series; one end of the first resistor is connected to the output terminal of the charging branch, the other end of the first resistor is connected to the detection pin and the second resistor respectively, and the other end of the second resistor is grounded.

[0015] In one embodiment, the control branch includes a first field-effect transistor; the drain of the first field-effect transistor is connected to the output terminal of the charging branch, the source of the first field-effect transistor is grounded, and the gate of the first field-effect transistor is connected to a control pin.

[0016] In one embodiment, the charging branch includes:

[0017] The positive terminal of the charging device is used to connect to the positive terminal of the device to be charged; and

[0018] The negative terminal of the charging device is used to connect to the negative terminal of the device to be charged.

[0019] In one embodiment, the charging control circuit further includes a short-circuit protection branch; the short-circuit protection branch includes:

[0020] The sampling resistor is used to collect the output current of the charging branch.

[0021] An operational amplifier is used to amplify the voltage across the sampling resistor; and

[0022] The signal sampling pin is used to acquire the voltage output by the operational amplifier.

[0023] One end of the sampling resistor is connected to the non-inverting input of the operational amplifier, the other end of the sampling resistor is connected to the inverting input of the operational amplifier, the output of the operational amplifier is connected to the sampling pin, and the sampling pin is connected to the controller.

[0024] The controller is also used to disconnect the power supply interface of the charging branch when the voltage acquired by the signal sampling pin is greater than the preset voltage.

[0025] In one embodiment, the short-circuit protection branch further includes a filter, which includes a third resistor and a first capacitor; the output of the operational amplifier is grounded through the third resistor and the first capacitor in sequence, and the signal sampling pin is located between the third resistor and the first capacitor.

[0026] In one embodiment, the charging control circuit further includes a reverse connection protection branch, which includes a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, and a second field-effect transistor.

[0027] One end of the fourth resistor is connected to the positive terminal of the device to be charged, and the other end of the fourth resistor is connected to the fifth resistor and the gate of the second field-effect transistor. The other end of the fifth resistor is connected to the source of the second field-effect transistor, and the drain of the second field-effect transistor is connected to the negative terminal of the device to be charged.

[0028] In one embodiment, the reverse connection protection branch further includes: a Zener diode, the cathode of which is connected to the gate of the second field-effect transistor, the anode of which is connected to the source of the second field-effect transistor, and the anode of which is grounded.

[0029] In one embodiment, the reverse connection protection branch further includes a second capacitor, one end of which is connected to the gate of the second field-effect transistor, and the other end of which is connected to the source of the second field-effect transistor.

[0030] In one embodiment, the reverse connection protection branch further includes: an overcurrent protection device; one end of the overcurrent protection device is connected to the positive terminal of the device to be charged, and the other end of the overcurrent protection device is connected to a fourth resistor.

[0031] Secondly, this application provides a charging control system, which includes the charging control circuit in any embodiment of the first aspect.

[0032] The aforementioned charging control circuit and charging control system include: a charging control circuit; a detection branch, the output terminals of which are grounded; a charging branch, the output terminal of which is connected to the input terminals of the detection branch and the control branch, respectively; and a controller, which is connected to the detection pin of the detection branch and the control pin of the charging branch. The controller is used to: apply a cutoff level to the control pin when the detection pin is at a first level, to stop the control branch from supplying power to the charging branch; and apply a conduction level to the control pin when the detection pin is at a second level, to control the control branch to supply power to the charging branch. In this charging control circuit, a detection branch and a control branch are set within the charging compartment. The controller provides real-time feedback on the charging status through the level signal output from the detection pin in the detection branch to determine whether the charging device can be charged. Based on this, the controller applies a corresponding level to the control pin in the control branch according to the charging status, thereby enabling or cutting off the charging circuit, ensuring that the charging start / stop is consistent with the charging status of the device being charged. The overall circuit structure is simple, the hardware cost is low, and the control logic is intuitive and reliable. Furthermore, the use of level triggering enables rapid response and efficient control, exhibits strong anti-interference capabilities, and can stably achieve charging start / stop control. It also boasts high versatility and a wide range of applications. In summary, this charging control circuit can improve the stability and real-time performance of charging control while reducing costs. Attached Figure Description

[0033] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or related technologies, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this application or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. In the drawings:

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the charging control circuit in one embodiment;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the charging control circuit in another embodiment;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the charging control circuit in another embodiment;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the charging control circuit in another embodiment;

[0038] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the reverse connection protection branch in one embodiment;

[0039] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the reverse connection protection branch in another embodiment;

[0040] Figure 7 This is a flowchart illustrating the controller control method in one embodiment; and

[0041] Figure 8 This is an internal structural diagram of a computer device in one embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0042] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0043] First, let me introduce the technical background of this application.

[0044] With the development of technology, portable electronic devices can be charged through charging cases to extend their battery life.

[0045] Taking portable breast pumps as an example, the power source for breast pumps is a battery, which is usually not removable or replaceable. In this case, the rechargeable battery is crucial for the pump's battery life. The charging interface of the breast pump is made of metal contacts. This design is both aesthetically pleasing and safe and durable. When the breast pump contacts the metal pins (usually POGOPIN) in the charging case, the charging case first needs to determine whether the breast pump is correctly paired and contacted before starting the charging function. At the same time, it is also necessary to prevent some unexpected situations, such as user misoperation leading to charging failure, short circuits, or other abnormalities.

[0046] In related technologies, charging detection of breast pumps is typically achieved using Hall effect sensors with a Hall magnet at the opposite end. Some methods lack short-circuit protection, while others rely on software-based current acquisition. These methods suffer from drawbacks: firstly, high hardware and structural costs and complex designs; secondly, software-based acquisition carries inherent errors and risks. All of these factors contribute to the inability to precisely control the breast pump's charging process.

[0047] Based on this, this application provides a charging control circuit, which includes: a controller, a charging branch, a detection branch, and a control branch; the output terminal of the charging branch is connected to the input terminal of the detection branch and the input terminal of the control branch, respectively, and the output terminals of the detection branch and the control branch are grounded; the controller is connected to the detection pin of the detection branch and the control pin of the charging branch, respectively; the controller is used to apply a cutoff level to the control pin when the detection pin is detected to be at a first level, so as to stop the control branch from supplying power to the charging branch; and to apply a conduction level to the control pin when the detection pin is detected to be at a second level, so as to control the control branch to supply power to the charging branch. This charging control circuit can improve the stability and real-time performance of charging control while reducing costs.

[0048] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., used in this application can be used to describe various elements, but these elements are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the first element from the second element. The terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, used in this application, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. The term "multiple" used in this application refers to two or more. The term "and / or" used in this application refers to one of the embodiments, or any combination of multiple embodiments.

[0049] In one exemplary embodiment, the charging control circuit provided in this application is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the charging control circuit includes:

[0050] Control branch;

[0051] The detection branch, the output terminal of the detection branch, and the output terminal of the control branch are grounded;

[0052] The charging branch's output is connected to the input of the detection branch and the input of the control branch, respectively; and

[0053] The controller is connected to the detection pin of the detection branch and the control pin of the charging branch, respectively.

[0054] The controller is used for:

[0055] If the detection pin is detected to be at the first level, a cutoff level is applied to the control pin to stop the control branch from supplying power to the charging branch; and

[0056] When the detection pin is detected to be at the second level, a conduction level is applied to the control pin to control the control branch to supply power to the charging branch.

[0057] Please see Figure 1 The charging control circuit includes a positive terminal and a negative terminal. The positive terminal is the signal input terminal, and the negative terminal is the signal output terminal. A detection branch and a control branch are connected in parallel between the output terminal of the charging branch and the ground terminal.

[0058] The detection pins of the detection branch are used to characterize whether the device to be charged is connected to the charging branch. In this embodiment, the detection branch can be a voltage divider resistor network or a current sampling resistor.

[0059] Taking a detection branch as a voltage divider resistor network as an example, the detection pin of the detection branch is between the voltage divider resistors. In this case, the detection pin is at the first level (low level), which means that the detection pin is pulled low by the grounding resistor, that is, the device to be charged is not connected to the charging branch, and there is no need to turn on the charging branch at this time; when the detection pin is at the second level (high level), it means that the charging branch is internally connected, that is, the device to be charged is connected to the charging branch and can be charged.

[0060] The control pin of the control branch is used to receive external signals to control whether the output of the charging branch can be grounded, that is, whether the charging branch can be grounded to supply power to the device to be charged. In this embodiment, the control branch can be a switching transistor, such as an NMOS transistor or an NPN transistor.

[0061] Taking an NPN transistor as an example, the collector of the NPN transistor is connected to the output of the charging circuit, the emitter of the NPN transistor is grounded, and the base of the NPN transistor is connected to the control pin through a base-limiting current resistor. In this case, when the control pin is high, the NPN transistor conducts, the charging branch is grounded and connected, and power can be supplied to the device normally; when the control pin is low, the NPN transistor is cut off, the charging branch cannot be grounded and connected, and therefore cannot supply power to the device normally.

[0062] In this embodiment of the application, the controller ( Figure 1 (Not shown in the image) is connected to the detection pin of the detection branch. The controller obtains the level of the detection pin and determines whether the device to be charged is in a state that supports charging. At the same time, the controller is also connected to the control pin of the control branch and inputs a level signal matching the charging state to the control pin to control whether there is a grounding branch in the charging branch, thereby realizing whether the charging branch continues to supply power to the device to be charged or stops supplying power.

[0063] When the controller detects a second level on the detection pin, it determines that the device to be charged is in a charging-supported state. It then connects a high level (on-state) to the control pin, and the charging branch is grounded through the control branch, charging the device connected to the charging branch. When the controller detects a first level on the detection pin, it determines that the device is in a charging-unsupported state. It then connects a cut-off level to the control pin, preventing the charging branch from being grounded through the control branch. Furthermore, since the detection branch includes a current-limiting resistor connected in series with the charging branch, the charging branch also cannot be grounded through the detection branch, thus preventing charging of the device connected to the charging branch. The second level can be a preset level range, and the first level can be a different level, such as 0.

[0064] In this embodiment, the charging control circuit includes: a control branch; a detection branch, the output terminals of the detection branch and the control branch being grounded; a charging branch, the output terminal of which is connected to the input terminals of the detection branch and the control branch, respectively; and a controller, which is connected to the detection pin of the detection branch and the control pin of the charging branch, respectively. The controller is used to: apply a cutoff level to the control pin when the detection pin is detected to a first level, thereby stopping the control branch from supplying power to the charging branch; and apply a conduction level to the control pin when the detection pin is detected to a second level, thereby controlling the control branch to supply power to the charging branch. In this charging control circuit, a detection branch and a control branch are set within the charging compartment. The controller provides real-time feedback on the charging status through the level signal output from the detection pin in the detection branch to determine whether the charging device can be charged. Based on this, the controller applies a corresponding level to the control pin in the control branch according to the charging status, thereby enabling or cutting off the charging circuit, ensuring that the charging start / stop is consistent with the charging status of the device to be charged. The overall circuit structure is simple, the hardware cost is low, and the control logic is intuitive and reliable. Furthermore, the use of level triggering enables rapid response and efficient control, exhibits strong anti-interference capabilities, and can stably achieve charging start / stop control. It also boasts high versatility and a wide range of applications. In summary, this charging control circuit can improve the stability and real-time performance of charging control while reducing costs.

[0065] The above embodiments have described the connection process of each branch in the charging control circuit. Next, the circuit structures of the charging branch, the detection branch and the control branch will be further described.

[0066] In an exemplary embodiment, the detection branch includes a first resistor and a second resistor connected in series; one end of the first resistor is connected to the output terminal of the charging branch, the other end of the first resistor is connected to the detection pin and the second resistor respectively, and the other end of the second resistor is grounded.

[0067] like Figure 2 The diagram shown is a schematic of the charging control circuit. Figure 2 In the charging control circuit structure shown, the detection branch is a voltage divider resistor branch, including a first resistor R1 and a second resistor R2 connected in series. The first resistor R1 acts as a current-limiting resistor and is connected to the output terminal of the charging branch. The second resistor R2 acts as a pull-down resistor and is grounded. A detection pin is led out at the midpoint between the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2. In the above detection branch, the purpose of the first resistor R1 is to prevent the output voltage of the charging branch from being too high and impacting the detection pin, thereby protecting the detection pin.

[0068] The voltage level of the detection pin is the voltage division of the second resistor R2 across its respective branch (detection branch and charging branch). When the controller detects that the detection pin is pulled down to the first level by the second resistor R2, meaning the voltage signal of the detection pin is 0, it can be determined that the charging circuit is not conducting, i.e., the device to be charged is not connected to the charging circuit. Conversely, if the device to be charged is connected to the charging circuit, the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, and the internal resistance of the device to be charged will jointly divide the voltage. Based on this, when the controller detects that the voltage level of the detection pin rises to the second level, it can be determined that the charging circuit is conducting and the device to be charged is connected to the charging circuit.

[0069] In this embodiment, the detection branch adopts a voltage divider structure with the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 connected in series. The circuit structure is simple, the component cost is controllable, and the output voltage of the charging branch is converted into a level signal for the controller to recognize by the resistor voltage divider, which further speeds up the detection response. The overall structure is simple and reliable, and can be used in lightweight charging products for charging detection.

[0070] In an exemplary embodiment, the control branch includes a first field-effect transistor; the drain of the first field-effect transistor is connected to the output terminal of the charging branch, the source of the first field-effect transistor is grounded, and the gate of the first field-effect transistor is connected to a control pin.

[0071] Please continue reading Figure 2 The first field-effect transistor Q1 is an N-type MOSFET. Its drain (D) is connected to the output of the charging branch, its source (S) is grounded, and its gate (G) is connected to the control pin via a resistor. The voltage (V) between the gate and source of the first field-effect transistor Q1... GS When the voltage is greater than the startup voltage, the first field-effect transistor Q1 is turned on. At this time, the output terminal of the charging branch is grounded through the branch where the first field-effect transistor Q1 is located; the voltage between the gate and source of the first field-effect transistor Q1 (V GS When the voltage is less than the starting voltage, the first field-effect transistor Q1 is cut off, and the output terminal of the charging branch cannot be grounded through the branch where the first field-effect transistor Q1 is located.

[0072] When the control pin is given a cutoff level, it means that the controller connects a cutoff level signal with a voltage lower than the startup voltage to the control pin. In this case, the first field-effect transistor Q1 is turned off, and the output of the charging branch cannot be grounded through the branch containing the first field-effect transistor Q1. When the control pin is given a high level, it means that the controller connects a conduction level signal with a voltage higher than the startup voltage to the control pin. In this case, the first field-effect transistor Q1 is turned on, and the output of the charging branch is grounded through the branch containing the first field-effect transistor Q1.

[0073] In this embodiment, the controller drives the gate of the first field-effect transistor Q1 by controlling the output level of the control pin, thereby realizing the rapid conduction or cutoff of the first field-effect transistor Q1. The circuit structure is simple, the charging on / off response is fast, the control efficiency is high, and the start / stop control of the charging branch can be realized stably and reliably.

[0074] In one exemplary embodiment, the charging branch includes:

[0075] The positive terminal of the charging device is used to connect to the positive terminal of the device to be charged; and

[0076] The negative terminal of the charging device is used to connect to the negative terminal of the device to be charged.

[0077] The positive terminal of the charging device is the signal input terminal of the charging branch, and the negative terminal of the charging device is the output terminal of the charging branch.

[0078] Please continue reading Figure 2 When the positive terminal P2 of the charging device is connected to the positive terminal P1 of the device to be charged, and the negative terminal P3 of the charging device is connected to the negative terminal P4 of the device to be charged, the charging branch is internally conductive, meaning that the device to be charged has established a connection with the charging branch and is in a rechargeable state. At this time, Figure 2 In the charging circuit, the positive terminal P1 and the negative terminal P4 of the device to be charged are connected in series with an internal resistor R129. When the charging circuit is conducting internally, the level signal of the detection pin of the detection circuit is high (second level).

[0079] In another application scenario, if the positive terminal P2 of the charging device is not connected to the positive terminal P1 of the device to be charged, and / or the negative terminal P3 of the charging device is not connected to the negative terminal P4 of the device to be charged, it means that the device to be charged has established a connection with the charging branch. At this time, the detection pin of the detection branch is at the cutoff level (first level).

[0080] In this embodiment, the charging branch is directly connected to the corresponding port of the device to be charged through the positive and negative terminals of the charging device. This direct electrical connection method shortens the charging path of the device, reduces energy loss, and improves charging efficiency.

[0081] Taking the charging device as the charging chamber and the device to be charged as a breast pump as an example, combined with Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the charging control circuit shown below provides a detailed explanation of the charging control principle:

[0082] Figure 2In the diagram, P1 is the positive terminal of the breast pump's metal contact, P4 is the negative terminal of the breast pump's metal trigger, P2 is the positive terminal of the charging case's metal contact, P3 is the negative terminal of the charging case trigger, R1 is the first resistor, R2 is the second resistor, R129 is the internal resistor of the breast pump, Q1 is the first field-effect transistor (NMOS transistor), DET_Load is the detection pin, and DIS_Load is the control pin.

[0083] When P1 and P2 are not in contact, or P3 and P4 are not in contact, the controller detects that the DET_Load pin level is pulled low by resistor R2. The controller determines that there is no breast pump in the charging compartment at this time, i.e., the breast pump is not placed in the charging compartment. At this time, the controller configures the DIS_Load output to be low (cutoff level), Q1 (NMOS) is cut off, R1 is a current-limiting resistor, and the charging branch P2-P1-P4-P3 cannot be grounded, so the breast pump cannot be charged quickly.

[0084] With P1 and P2 in contact and P3 and P4 also in contact, a conductive path is formed in the hardware from P2 to P1 to P4 to P3, and the power supply V... out (P2) Through Vin (P1), resistor R129, P4, P3, resistor R1, and resistor R2, a series branch is formed. According to Ohm's law, resistor R129, R2, and R1 divide the voltage. At this time, the level at the ADC DET_Load is detected to rise from low level to high level (V1).

[0085] Taking the reference resistor values ​​as follows: R2 = R129 = 1MΩ, R1 = 10KΩ << 1MΩ, the calculation formula is V1 = VOUT * [R2 / (R1 + R2 + R129)], and the voltage level of V1 is designed to be 2.5 ± 0.5 V. Among them, R1 is a current-limiting resistor to protect the controller interface.

[0086] When the controller detects that the level of the DET_Load pin is within the range (2.5±0.5 V), it can determine that the breast pump has been connected. The controller then controls the LED to light up, indicating that the breast pump has been correctly placed in the charging compartment. At this time, the controller configures the DIS_Load output to be high, Q1 (NMOS) is turned on, and the charging branch P2-P1-P4-P3-Q1-ground is established. A large current path can exist at this time, and the breast pump will start to charge quickly. The charging indicator light will start to flash.

[0087] When the control pin outputs a high level and the charging branch is charging the device to be charged, internal faults in the device to be charged, external factors, assembly problems, etc., may cause the two ports of the device to be charged to be directly connected to the two ports of the charging branch, thereby damaging the charging device and the device to be charged. To address the above problem, the charging control circuit provided in this application embodiment also includes a short-circuit protection branch to protect the electrical components.

[0088] In one exemplary embodiment, the charging control circuit further includes a short-circuit protection branch; the short-circuit protection branch includes:

[0089] The sampling resistor is used to collect the output current of the charging branch.

[0090] An operational amplifier is used to amplify the voltage across the sampling resistor; and

[0091] The signal sampling pin is used to acquire the voltage output by the operational amplifier.

[0092] One end of the sampling resistor is connected to the non-inverting input of the operational amplifier, the other end of the sampling resistor is connected to the inverting input of the operational amplifier, the output of the operational amplifier is connected to the sampling pin, and the sampling pin is connected to the controller.

[0093] The controller is also used to disconnect the power supply interface of the charging branch when the voltage acquired by the signal sampling pin is greater than the preset voltage.

[0094] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 3 In a scenario where the charging branch is internally conductive, the schematic diagram of the charging control circuit shows that the input terminal of the short-circuit protection branch is connected to the output terminal of the charging branch. Then, the output current of the charging branch is collected through the sampling resistor R87, the voltage of the sampling resistor R87 is amplified through the operational amplifier U7, and a signal sampling pin CHR_ADC is led out between the operational amplifier U7 and the ground terminal to collect the voltage output by the operational amplifier U7.

[0095] In a real-world charging scenario, the charging current flows through the sampling resistor R87, generating a voltage. The larger the current flowing through the sampling resistor, the higher the voltage across R87. Next, operational amplifier U7 amplifies the voltage across R87 and outputs it to the signal sampling pin CHR_ADC. The controller compares the voltage collected by CHR_ADC with a preset voltage. If the amplified voltage is greater than the preset voltage, it indicates that the load exceeds the preset upper limit, suggesting an abnormal short circuit. The controller can then issue a control command to control the power supply interface V of the charging branch. out Disconnect the power supply, or set the control pin in the control branch to output a low level to stop the power supply.

[0096] In this embodiment, in the short-circuit protection branch, the current signal on the charging branch is collected by a sampling resistor and amplified by an operational amplifier so that the controller can accurately obtain the charging current and promptly detect overcurrent or short-circuit phenomena. Then, when the sampled voltage is greater than the preset voltage, the controller disconnects the charging power supply interface, which is equivalent to quickly executing the protection action when overcurrent or short circuit occurs, effectively avoiding the risks of device damage, overheating and fire, and significantly improving the safety, reliability and protection performance of the charging control circuit.

[0097] In an exemplary embodiment, the short-circuit protection branch further includes a filter, which includes a third resistor and a first capacitor; the output of the operational amplifier is grounded in sequence through the third resistor and the first capacitor, and the signal sampling pin is located between the third resistor and the first capacitor.

[0098] Please see Figure 4 , Figure 4 Another schematic diagram of the charging control circuit in a scenario where the charging branch is internally conductive. Figure 3 Based on the short-circuit protection branch shown, Figure 4 The short-circuit protection branch shown also includes a filter, which is located between the output terminal of operational amplifier U7 and the ground terminal.

[0099] The filter internally includes a third resistor R3 and a first capacitor C1, used to filter out high-frequency noise, voltage spikes, and electromagnetic interference in the output signal of operational amplifier U7, and to smooth the sampled voltage. Furthermore, the filter is connected to other components in the short-circuit protection branch as follows: the output terminal of operational amplifier U7 is grounded sequentially through the third resistor R3 and the first capacitor C1. A signal sampling pin CHR_ADC is led out between the third resistor R3 and the first capacitor C1, and this pin is used to acquire the smoothed voltage signal after filtering.

[0100] In this embodiment, in the short-circuit protection branch, by setting an RC filter composed of a third resistor and a first capacitor, and setting the signal sampling pin between the third resistor and the first capacitor, high-frequency noise and spike interference in the operational amplifier output signal can be effectively filtered out, the sampling voltage signal can be smoothed, the accuracy and stability of charging current detection can be improved, overcurrent and short-circuit protection can be prevented from being falsely triggered, and the anti-interference capability and operational reliability of the circuit can be improved.

[0101] Taking the charging device as the charging chamber and the device to be charged as a breast pump as an example, combined with Figure 4 The charging control circuit diagram shown below provides a detailed explanation of the short-circuit protection principle:

[0102] Figure 4In the diagram, P1 is the positive terminal of the breast pump's metal contact, P4 is the negative terminal of the breast pump's metal trigger, P2 is the positive terminal of the charging case's metal contact, P3 is the negative terminal of the charging case trigger, R87 is the sampling resistor, U7 is the operational amplifier, R99 and R101 are amplification resistors, R114 and C87 are components in the RC low-pass filter, CHR_ADC is the signal sampling pin, PTC is the resettable fuse, and C79 and R98 are peripheral electronic components of the operational amplifier.

[0103] After charging is started (Q1 is turned on), current flows through R87 during charging, generating a voltage Vc. The larger the current flowing through R87, the higher the voltage Vc. After Vc is amplified by U7, the output value is sent to the controller's ADC interface (CHR_ADC). The controller collects the converted voltage Va and compares it with the preset voltage value (upper limit Vu). When the voltage Va collected by the controller is greater than Vu, it means that the load is greater than the preset upper limit and there is an abnormal short circuit. The controller issues a control command to disconnect Vu. out The output.

[0104] With a preset voltage value of Vu=2.2V, corresponding to a maximum current of 2A, when the current flowing through R87 is 2A, Vc=0.2V. After being amplified by the op-amp (R101 / R99=10 / 1), the amplification factor is 11 times. At this time, Va=0.2*11=2.2V. When the Va voltage exceeds 2.2V, it indicates that there is an abnormal short circuit at the back end.

[0105] Building upon the above, further hardware protection can be added by connecting a PTC resettable fuse (F1) in series at the breast pump input interface (P1). When there is continuous charging current, if the current exceeds the upper limit of F1 (1.5A), the impedance of the PTC resettable fuse F1 increases rapidly, thereby reducing the current and disconnecting the breast pump input power. Once the short circuit disappears, F1 returns to its normal low-impedance state, allowing the breast pump to charge. Thus, even in the most extreme case where the charging compartment's overload protection circuit fails to promptly determine if an overload has occurred, F1 can still limit the upper limit of the current, preventing damage to downstream circuitry. The entire process ensures that neither the breast pump nor the user's personal safety is compromised.

[0106] The charging process is the process by which a charging device provides electrical energy to a device being charged. The charging control circuit includes both the circuit structure on the charging device side and the circuit structure on the device being charged side. The above embodiment focuses on the charging device and describes the circuit structure on the charging device side. The circuit structure on the device being charged side will be described next.

[0107] In one exemplary embodiment, the charging control circuit further includes a reverse connection protection branch, which includes a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, and a second field-effect transistor.

[0108] One end of the fourth resistor is connected to the positive terminal of the device to be charged, and the other end of the fourth resistor is connected to the fifth resistor and the gate of the second field-effect transistor. The other end of the fifth resistor is connected to the source of the second field-effect transistor, and the drain of the second field-effect transistor is connected to the negative terminal of the device to be charged.

[0109] like Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a reverse connection protection branch. The device to be charged has a reverse connection protection branch inside. The reverse connection protection branch is connected in series between the positive terminal P1 and the negative terminal P4 of the device to be charged. It is used to disconnect the internal circuit connection of the device to be charged when the voltage level of the negative terminal P4 of the device to be charged is greater than the voltage level of the positive terminal P1 of the device to be charged.

[0110] The positive terminal P1 of the device to be charged is connected to the negative terminal P4 of the device to be charged through a fourth resistor R4 connected in series and the drain of the second field-effect transistor Q2. A fifth resistor R5 is connected in parallel across the gate and source of the second field-effect transistor Q2. In the case of reverse connection of the device to be charged, the drain of the second field-effect transistor Q2 is the input voltage, and there is no voltage difference between the source and gate. That is, the voltage difference of the second field-effect transistor Q2 is less than the turn-on voltage, preventing the second field-effect transistor Q2 from conducting. The high level at the drain is isolated, and there is no current path between the negative terminal P4 and the positive terminal P1 of the device to be charged, thus preventing current surges in the downstream circuitry and protecting the device's safety.

[0111] In this embodiment, the reverse connection protection branch, through two resistors and a field-effect transistor, can automatically cut off the internal charging circuit when the positive and negative terminals of the device to be charged are reversed, thus achieving reliable reverse connection protection. Furthermore, the reverse connection protection branch is implemented entirely in hardware; the entire control process requires no controller intervention, offers fast response, and ensures stable and reliable operation.

[0112] In a scenario where the device to be charged is connected in the correct orientation, the second field-effect transistor (FET) turns on, restoring the normal connection and allowing normal charging to continue. However, protection for the device to be charged is still necessary in this scenario. In an exemplary embodiment, the reverse connection protection branch further includes a Zener diode, with its cathode connected to the gate of the second FET, its anode connected to the source of the second FET, and its anode grounded.

[0113] like Figure 6 As shown, Figure 6This diagram illustrates the reverse connection protection branch. Zener diode D20 is connected in reverse parallel between the gate and source of the second MOSFET Q2, with its anode grounded. Thus, during forward charging of the device, if the voltage flowing into the gate (i.e., the voltage drop across the fifth resistor) abnormally increases and exceeds the Zener diode D20's regulation voltage, D20 will reverse-bias breakdown and conduct, clamping the gate voltage at its regulation value and preventing further voltage increases, thus preventing the second MOSFET Q2 from entering the overvoltage operating region.

[0114] In this embodiment, the reverse connection protection branch connects the Zener diode in reverse parallel between the gate and source of the second field-effect transistor. This allows for rapid breakdown and conduction when the gate voltage rises abnormally, clamping the gate voltage at the Zener diode's regulated value. This effectively limits the gate-source voltage within a safe range, preventing the second field-effect transistor from being damaged by overvoltage breakdown of the gate oxide layer. Simultaneously, it absorbs transient surges and spike interference, improving the anti-interference capability and operational reliability of the reverse connection protection branch, and ensuring stable operation of the charging circuit in complex electrical environments.

[0115] In an exemplary embodiment, the reverse connection protection branch further includes a second capacitor, one end of which is connected to the gate of the second field-effect transistor, and the other end of which is connected to the source of the second field-effect transistor.

[0116] Please continue reading Figure 6 , Figure 6 The reverse connection protection branch also includes a second capacitor C2, which is connected in parallel between the gate (G) and source (S) of the second field-effect transistor Q2. Due to the charging and discharging characteristics of the capacitor and its AC-passing and DC-blocking characteristics, it is equivalent to adding a buffer pool to the gate voltage, smoothing voltage fluctuations, making the gate voltage change more gradual, slowing down the gate voltage rise rate, avoiding surge current at the moment of power-on, and protecting the back-end charging management chip and the front-end power supply.

[0117] In an exemplary embodiment, the reverse connection protection branch further includes: an overcurrent protection device; one end of the overcurrent protection device is connected to the positive terminal of the device to be charged, and the other end of the overcurrent protection device is connected to a fourth resistor.

[0118] Please continue reading Figure 6 , Figure 6 The reverse connection protection branch also includes an overcurrent protection device, which is connected in series between the positive terminal of the device to be charged and the fourth resistor. In this way, when there is a continuous charging current, the current flows through the overcurrent protection device. When the current value exceeds the upper limit of the overcurrent protection device (e.g., 1.5A), the impedance of the overcurrent protection device increases rapidly, thereby reducing the current and disconnecting the input power of the device to be charged.

[0119] Taking the charging device as the charging chamber and the device to be charged as a breast pump as an example, combined with Figure 6 The schematic diagram of the charging control circuit shown below will explain the working principle of the reverse connection protection branch in detail as follows:

[0120] Figure 6 Among them, P1 is the positive electrode of the metal contact of the breast pump, and P4 is the negative electrode of the metal trigger of the breast pump. During normal charging, the positive power supply output (P2) of the charging bin is connected to P1, and the negative power supply output (P3) of the charging bin is connected to P4. Electrical energy is transferred from the charging bin to the battery of the breast pump. The Q2 component is an NMOS, the D20 component is a voltage regulator diode, R4 and R5 are resistors, and C2 is a capacitor.

[0121] Considering that in the actual use process, there is still a probability that the positive and negative power supplies of the input contacts of the breast pump are reversed. P1, which is normally connected to the positive electrode, is connected to the negative electrode, and P4, which is normally connected to the negative electrode, is connected to the positive electrode. The current flows reversely into the breast pump. If the breast pump does not have the function of preventing reverse connection, there is a risk of damaging the breast pump at this time. This operation may be caused by misoperation or when other chargers charge the breast pump;

[0122] When reverse connection occurs, Figure 6 the circuit in it plays a role in reverse connection protection. The protection components mainly consist of Q2, R4, R5, D20, and C2; in the reverse connection state, the drain (D) of Q2 is the input voltage, and there is no voltage difference Vgs between the source (S) and the gate (G), which is less than the NMOS turn-on voltage Vth (Vgs < Vth). Q2 is not conducting, and the high level of the drain is isolated by Q2. There is no current path between P4 and P1, and the backend circuit is protected. At this time, adjust the positive and negative poles of the external charging to restore normal connection, and it can be normally charged, protecting the breast pump while meeting the user's use;

[0123] When the resistors R4, R5, D20, and C2 are normally connected, a charging circuit is formed to charge the breast pump. When a high level is input at P1, the resistors R4 and R5 divide the voltage. The resistor voltage division ratio here is designed to be 1:3 (R4 / R5 = 100K / 300K = 1 / 3). When there is a 5V input, Vgs = 3.75V, and the voltage difference Vgs between the gate voltage and the source voltage of Q2 is greater than Vth (Vth = 1.2V), so Q2 conducts. The voltage regulator diode D20 is a 5.1V voltage regulator diode used to protect Q15. The capacitor C2 (10nF) plays a role in delaying the turn-on, protecting Q2, and preventing damage caused by surges (instantaneous large current impacts).

[0124] In an exemplary embodiment, a charging control circuit is provided, including: a controller, a charging branch, a detection branch, a control branch, a short-circuit protection branch, and a reverse connection protection branch; the output end of the charging branch is respectively connected to the input end of the detection branch and the input end of the control branch, and the output ends of the detection branch and the control branch are grounded; the controller is respectively connected to the detection pin of the detection branch and the control pin of the charging branch;

[0125] The controller is configured to apply a cutoff level to the control pin when the detection pin is at a first level, thereby stopping the control branch from supplying power to the charging branch; and to apply an on level to the control pin when the detection pin is at a second level, thereby controlling the control branch to supply power to the charging branch.

[0126] The detection branch includes a first resistor and a second resistor connected in series; one end of the first resistor is connected to the output terminal of the charging branch, the other end of the first resistor is connected to the detection pin and the second resistor respectively, and the other end of the second resistor is grounded.

[0127] The control branch includes a first field-effect transistor (FET); the drain of the first FET is connected to the output terminal of the charging branch, the source of the first FET is grounded, and the gate of the first FET is connected to the control pin.

[0128] The charging branch includes: the positive terminal of the charging device and the negative terminal of the charging device; the positive terminal of the charging device is used to connect to the positive terminal of the device to be charged; the negative terminal of the charging device is used to connect to the negative terminal of the device to be charged.

[0129] The short-circuit protection branch includes: a sampling resistor, an operational amplifier, a signal sampling pin, and a filter; one end of the sampling resistor is connected to the non-inverting input of the operational amplifier, the other end of the sampling resistor is connected to the inverting input of the operational amplifier, the output of the operational amplifier is connected to the sampling pin, and the sampling pin is connected to the controller; the filter includes a third resistor and a first capacitor; the output of the operational amplifier is grounded through the third resistor and the first capacitor in sequence, and the signal sampling pin is located between the third resistor and the first capacitor.

[0130] In the short-circuit protection branch, the sampling resistor is used to collect the output current of the charging branch; the operational amplifier is used to amplify the voltage of the sampling resistor; the signal sampling pin is used to collect the voltage output of the operational amplifier; and the controller is also used to disconnect the power supply interface of the charging branch when the voltage collected by the signal sampling pin is greater than the preset voltage.

[0131] The reverse connection protection branch includes a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a second field-effect transistor (FET), a Zener diode, a second capacitor, and an overcurrent protection device. One end of the fourth resistor is connected to the positive terminal of the device to be charged, and the other end of the fourth resistor is connected to the fifth resistor and the gate of the second FET. The other end of the fifth resistor is connected to the source of the second FET, and the drain of the second FET is connected to the negative terminal of the device to be charged. The cathode of the Zener diode is connected to the gate of the second FET, and the anode of the Zener diode is connected to the source of the second FET, with the anode of the Zener diode grounded. One end of the second capacitor is connected to the gate of the second FET, and the other end of the second capacitor is connected to the source of the second FET. One end of the overcurrent protection device is connected to the positive terminal of the device to be charged, and the other end of the overcurrent protection device is connected to the fourth resistor.

[0132] Taking the charging device as the charging chamber and the device to be charged as a breast pump as an example, the processing logic of the controller in the above charging control circuit is as follows: Figure 7 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0133] S701, charging detection.

[0134] If the detection pin is found to be low, indicating that there is no breast pump in the charging compartment, the control pin will output a low level to close the control circuit.

[0135] If the detection pin is detected to be at a high level, and the breast pump is confirmed to be placed in the charging compartment, the control pin will output a high level to activate the control circuit.

[0136] S702 activates the control circuit when it detects that the breast pump has been placed in the charging compartment.

[0137] The control pin of the control loop outputs a high level.

[0138] S703 detects the charging current.

[0139] S704: Disconnect the charging switch if the voltage exceeds the preset upper limit.

[0140] S705, determines the polarity of the breast pump.

[0141] S706, if there is no reverse connection, the overcurrent protector will work normally.

[0142] S707, charging started.

[0143] In this embodiment, the charging compartment first detects whether a breast pump has been inserted. Once the breast pump is detected, the hardware charging circuit is activated. Then, the breast pump hardware determines whether the polarity of the input power supply is correct. If the correct charging polarity is met, the input current flows through the PTC into the breast pump to power the system, and the breast pump begins charging. When current flows through the PTC and the sampling resistor, the PTC and the current detector simultaneously detect whether the charging current has reached the upper limit. Once the current exceeds the upper limit, charging of the breast pump is stopped to protect the breast pump and the user's personal and property safety.

[0144] It should be understood that although the steps in the flowcharts of the embodiments described above are shown sequentially according to the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless explicitly stated herein, there is no strict order restriction on the execution of these steps, and they can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least some steps in the flowcharts of the embodiments described above may include multiple steps or multiple stages. These steps or stages are not necessarily completed at the same time, but can be executed at different times. The execution order of these steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but can be performed alternately or in turn with other steps or at least some of the steps or stages in other steps. It is understood that the steps in different embodiments can be freely combined as needed, and all non-contradictory solutions formed by such combinations are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0145] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides a charging control system, which includes the charging control circuit described above. The solution provided by this charging control system is similar to the solution described in the charging control circuit above, and will not be repeated here.

[0146] In one exemplary embodiment, the charging control system includes a charging compartment and a device to be charged. The charging compartment is equipped with the hardware and topology of the charging control circuit, including the charging branch, detection branch, control branch, and short-circuit protection branch. The device to be charged is equipped with the hardware and topology corresponding to the reverse connection protection branch of the charging control circuit.

[0147] In one exemplary embodiment, a charging device is provided, which may be a charging compartment including the charging control circuit described above.

[0148] In one exemplary embodiment, a device to be charged is provided, which may be a breast pump battery or the like, including the charging control circuit described above.

[0149] In one exemplary embodiment, a computer device is provided, which may be a server, and its internal structure diagram may be as follows: Figure 8 As shown, this computer device includes a processor, memory, input / output (I / O) interfaces, and a communication interface. The processor, memory, and I / O interfaces are connected via a system bus, and the communication interface is also connected to the system bus via the I / O interfaces. The processor provides computational and control capabilities. The memory includes non-volatile storage media and internal memory. The non-volatile storage media stores the operating system, computer programs, and a database. The internal memory provides the environment for the operation of the operating system and computer programs stored in the non-volatile storage media. The database stores charging control data. The I / O interfaces are used for exchanging information between the processor and external devices. The communication interface is used for communicating with external terminals via a network connection. When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements a charging control method.

[0150] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 8 The structure shown is merely a block diagram of a portion of the structure related to the present application and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the present application is applied. Specific computer devices may include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0151] In one exemplary embodiment, a controller is provided, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the controller executes the computer program to implement the steps in the circuit embodiments described above.

[0152] It should be noted that the data involved in this application (including but not limited to data used for analysis, data stored, data displayed, etc.) are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties, and the collection, use and processing of the relevant data must comply with relevant regulations.

[0153] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above methods. Any references to memory, databases, or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application can include at least one of non-volatile memory and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive random access memory (ReRAM), magnetic random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), phase change memory (PCM), graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory, etc. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM can take many forms, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) or Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM). The databases involved in the embodiments provided in this application may include at least one type of relational database and non-relational database. Non-relational databases may include, but are not limited to, blockchain-based distributed databases. The processors involved in the embodiments provided in this application may be general-purpose processors, central processing units, graphics processing units, digital signal processors, programmable logic devices, quantum computing-based data processing logic devices, artificial intelligence (AI) processors, etc., and are not limited to these.

[0154] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this application.

[0155] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A charging control circuit, characterized in that, include: Control branch; The detection branch, the output terminal of which is grounded, and the output terminal of the control branch; A charging branch, the output terminal of which is connected to the input terminal of the detection branch and the input terminal of the control branch, respectively; as well as The controller is connected to the detection pin of the detection branch and the control pin of the charging branch, respectively. The controller is used for: If the detection pin is detected to be at the first level, a cutoff level is applied to the control pin to stop the control branch from supplying power to the charging branch; as well as When the detection pin is detected to be at the second level, a conduction level is applied to the control pin to control the control branch to supply power to the charging branch.

2. The charging control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detection branch includes a first resistor and a second resistor connected in series; one end of the first resistor is connected to the output terminal of the charging branch, the other end of the first resistor is connected to the detection pin and the second resistor respectively, and the other end of the second resistor is grounded.

3. The charging control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control branch includes a first field-effect transistor; the drain of the first field-effect transistor is connected to the output terminal of the charging branch, the source of the first field-effect transistor is grounded, and the gate of the first field-effect transistor is connected to the control pin.

4. The charging control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The charging branch includes: The positive terminal of the charging device is used to connect to the positive terminal of the device to be charged; and The negative terminal of the charging device is used to connect to the negative terminal of the device to be charged.

5. The charging control circuit according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The charging control circuit further includes a short-circuit protection branch; the short-circuit protection branch includes: A sampling resistor is used to collect the output current of the charging branch. An operational amplifier for amplifying the voltage across the sampling resistor; and The signal sampling pin is used to acquire the voltage output by the operational amplifier; Wherein, one end of the sampling resistor is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier, the other end of the sampling resistor is connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier, the output terminal of the operational amplifier is connected to the sampling pin, and the sampling pin is connected to the controller; The controller is also used to disconnect the power supply interface of the charging branch when the voltage collected by the signal sampling pin is greater than a preset voltage.

6. The charging control circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The short-circuit protection branch also includes a filter, which includes a third resistor and a first capacitor; the output terminal of the operational amplifier is grounded through the third resistor and the first capacitor in sequence, and the signal sampling pin is located between the third resistor and the first capacitor.

7. The charging control circuit according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The charging control circuit further includes a reverse connection protection branch, which includes a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, and a second field-effect transistor. One end of the fourth resistor is connected to the positive terminal of the device to be charged, and the other end of the fourth resistor is connected to the fifth resistor and the gate of the second field-effect transistor. The other end of the fifth resistor is connected to the source of the second field-effect transistor, and the drain of the second field-effect transistor is connected to the negative terminal of the device to be charged.

8. The charging control circuit according to claim 7, characterized in that, The reverse connection protection branch further includes: a second capacitor, one end of which is connected to the gate of the second field-effect transistor, and the other end of which is connected to the source of the second field-effect transistor.

9. The charging control circuit according to claim 7, characterized in that, The reverse connection protection branch further includes: an overcurrent protection device; one end of the overcurrent protection device is connected to the positive terminal of the device to be charged, and the other end of the overcurrent protection device is connected to the fourth resistor.

10. A charging control system, characterized in that, The charging control system includes the charging control circuit according to any one of claims 1-9.

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