A shaped charge sea water experimental projectile

Abstract

This invention discloses a shaped charge seawater experimental projectile, comprising a projectile shell, a shaped charge warhead, a detonation control unit, and a propulsion unit. The shaped charge warhead, disposed inside the projectile shell, includes a shaped charge explosive and an energetic impactor. The detonation control unit is connected to the shaped charge warhead and is used to trigger the explosion of the shaped charge warhead when the projectile reaches a predetermined position, driving the energetic impactor to be launched at high speed in a straight line. The propulsion unit is disposed at the tail of the projectile shell and is used to propel the projectile into a confined space. This invention employs the synergistic effect of the propulsion unit and the shaped charge warhead, balancing long-range delivery and ultra-high-speed impact. By using the shaped charge explosive to drive the energetic impactor to tumble, it improves flight stability and energy concentration, and can generate a controllable extreme environment in a confined space to simulate fusion reaction processes. This structure is compact, timing-accurate, and highly applicable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of fusion energy technology and high-speed impact experiment technology, specifically to a shaped charge seawater experimental bomb used to generate controllable extreme conditions in closed containers such as reaction kilns. Background Technology

[0002] Controlled nuclear fusion is considered an ideal solution to humanity's future energy problems due to its wide availability of fuel, clean reaction products, and high energy density. Currently, the mainstream technologies for achieving controlled fusion include inertial confinement fusion (ICF) and magnetic confinement fusion (MCF). Inertial confinement fusion uses high-energy lasers or ion beams to instantaneously compress micron-sized fuel pellets, causing them to fuse under inertial confinement; magnetic confinement fusion uses a strong magnetic field to confine deuterium-tritium plasma at hundreds of millions of degrees Celsius within a toroidal vacuum container, achieving a continuous fusion reaction. However, both of these technologies suffer from problems such as large equipment size, complex systems, and extremely high construction costs, making miniaturization and mobile deployment difficult and limiting the application of fusion energy in specific scenarios such as marine engineering, deep-sea exploration, and emergency energy supply.

[0003] To explore new methods for fusion energy research, devices capable of generating controllable extreme conditions in laboratories or engineering sites are needed to simulate the energy release and confinement environment during fusion reactions. Existing devices for generating extreme conditions include lightweight gas cannons and laser-driven flying plates, but they suffer from the following problems when used in confined spaces: First, the driving method is singular, making it difficult to meet the dual requirements of long-distance delivery and hypersonic impact; second, the detonation timing cannot be precisely controlled, causing the energy release point to deviate from the optimal action area of ​​the confined space, resulting in significant energy loss; and third, there is a lack of adaptation designs for long-distance confined spaces, making it impossible to guarantee the precise action of the projectile at the predetermined position within that space.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a high-speed impact projectile that is compact in structure, has controllable timing, and can be precisely matched with a confined space. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the above-mentioned background technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a compact and reliable shaped charge seawater experimental projectile, which aims to solve the technical problems of existing high-speed impact devices, such as difficulty in simultaneously achieving long-distance delivery and ultra-high-speed impact in a confined space, low precision in detonation timing control, and difficulty in accurately controlling the energy release point.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A shaped charge seawater experimental bomb, comprising:

[0008] Projectile casing;

[0009] A shaped charge war unit is disposed inside the outer shell of the projectile. The shaped charge war unit includes a shaped charge block and an energetic impactor, with the energetic impactor disposed on the shaped charge block.

[0010] The detonation control unit is located inside the projectile casing and connected to the shaped charge war unit. It is used to trigger the shaped charge war unit to explode when the projectile flies to a predetermined position, so as to drive the energetic impactor to be launched at high speed in a straight line.

[0011] The propulsion unit, located at the tail of the projectile casing, is used to push the projectile into a confined space (such as a reaction furnace or explosive container).

[0012] Preferably, the shaped charge has an inwardly concave arc-shaped shaped charge surface, and the energetic impactor is disposed on the arc-shaped shaped charge surface; after the shaped charge explodes, it drives the energetic impactor to undergo attitude flipping, causing it to fly in a direction with its convex surface facing forward.

[0013] Preferably, the radius of curvature of the arc-shaped energy-concentrating surface matches the curvature of the bottom of the energetic impactor.

[0014] Preferably, the energy-concentrating block is formed by pressing passivated RDX.

[0015] Preferably, the energetic impactor is made of an energetic polymer composite material, which includes polytetrafluoroethylene matrix and active metal powder dispersed in the matrix.

[0016] Preferably, the active metal powder is aluminum powder, titanium powder, zirconium powder, or other active metal powder.

[0017] Preferably, the propulsion unit is a propulsion engine, which is filled with solid propellant, and the propulsion engine is connected to the projectile shell by threads.

[0018] Preferably, the detonation control unit includes a time fuse and an electric detonator, the electric detonator being electrically connected to the time fuse and disposed on the shaped charge.

[0019] Preferably, the electric detonator is a combination of an electric igniter and a flame detonator. The electric igniter is electrically connected to a time fuse, and the flame detonator is placed on the shaped charge block. The electric igniter is used to ignite the flame detonator, and the flame detonator explodes to detonate the shaped charge block.

[0020] Preferably, the time fuse is an electronic time fuse.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0022] (1) The present invention adopts a driving method in which the propulsion unit and the shaped charge combat unit work together. The propulsion unit pushes the projectile to a predetermined position inside the confined space over a long distance. The shaped charge combat unit accelerates the projectile a second time under the precise control of the detonation control unit, so that the energetic impactor can obtain an ultra-high impact speed, which takes into account both the requirements of long-distance delivery and ultra-high-speed impact. At the same time, the overall structure is compact and easy to use in conjunction with a confined space.

[0023] (2) The energetic impactor of the present invention is made of energetic polymer composite materials such as PTFE / Al. Under the drive of the detonation wave, it is impacted and compacted to form a solid impactor. When it impacts the target, a violent fluorination reaction occurs, generating high-temperature plasma of tens of thousands of degrees Celsius and strong shock waves. The energy release density is far greater than that of traditional metal shaped charge liner. The shaped charge has an inwardly concave arc-shaped shaped charge surface. Its radius of curvature matches the curvature of the bottom of the energetic impactor. After the shaped charge explodes, it drives the energetic impactor to flip its attitude and be ejected at high speed with the convex surface facing forward. It has good flight stability and concentrated energy.

[0024] (3) The detonation control unit of the present invention adopts a high-precision electronic time fuse (such as a chip time fuse), which can accurately set the detonation delay to ensure that the energetic impactor is ejected at the best position in the confined space, thereby improving energy utilization efficiency and experimental repeatability. The present invention can be widely applied to fusion energy simulation research, material dynamic response testing, shock wave physics experiments and other fields, providing a new experimental platform for extreme condition scientific research. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the high-speed shaped charge impact projectile for use in confined spaces according to the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the posture of the energetic impactor of a medium-energy shaped charge combat unit after it flips over;

[0027] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the shaped charge axial displacement and flipping of a medium-energy shaped charge unit after detonation.

[0028] In the diagram: 1. Projectile casing; 2. shaped charge; 21. Arc-shaped charge surface; 3. Energetic impactor; 4. Time fuse; 5. Electric igniter; 6. Detonator; 7. Propulsion engine; 8. Solid propellant. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] As attached Figure 1-3 As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, a shaped charge seawater experimental projectile includes a projectile shell 1, a shaped charge combat unit, an initiation control unit, and a propulsion unit.

[0031] The projectile shell 1 is a metal cylindrical structure. The dimensions of the shaped charge combat unit and the detonation control unit are adapted to the internal dimensions of the projectile shell 1. Preferably, the coarse port diameter can be 120mm and the fine port diameter can be 10mm. This embodiment is only an example, and its actual size and shape can be adjusted according to requirements.

[0032] The shaped charge war unit is located inside the outer shell 1 of the projectile. The shaped charge war unit includes a shaped charge block 2 and an energetic impactor 3, with the energetic impactor 3 disposed on the shaped charge block 2.

[0033] Specifically, the energy-concentrating block 2 is made of passivated RDX and is cylindrical with a diameter of 70 mm. Its front end face is pressed to form an inwardly concave arc-shaped energy-concentrating surface 21.

[0034] Specifically, the energetic impactor 3 is injection molded and sintered from an energetic polymer composite material. In this embodiment, the energetic polymer composite material is a mixture of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and aluminum powder (Al) (PTFE / Al), which is a blunt material under normal conditions and can be prepared by injection molding process, with good safety and processability.

[0035] The bottom of the energetic impactor 3 is bonded to the arc-shaped energy-concentrating surface 21 of the energy-concentrating block 2; the radius of curvature of the arc-shaped energy-concentrating surface 21 matches the curvature of the bottom of the energetic impactor 3, making the detonation wave pressure distribution more uniform and further improving the ejection velocity and direction consistency of the energetic impactor 3.

[0036] Preferably, the energetic polymer composite material can also be PTFE / Ti, PTFE / Zr or other PTFE-based active metal systems to meet different energy release requirements.

[0037] In other embodiments of the present invention, the energetic impactor 3 may be plated with a metal layer (such as copper) on its outer surface to enhance the energy coupling effect during impact.

[0038] The detonation control unit is located inside the projectile casing 1 and connected to the shaped charge unit. It is used to trigger the shaped charge unit to explode when the projectile flies to a predetermined position, so as to drive the energetic impactor 3 to be launched at high speed in a straight line.

[0039] The detonation control unit includes a time fuse 4 and an electric detonator. The electric detonator is electrically connected to the time fuse 4 and is inserted into the central hole at the rear end of the shaped charge 2. It is used to detonate the shaped charge when the time fuse outputs a detonation signal.

[0040] In this embodiment, the electric detonator adopts a combined structure of an electric igniter 5 and a flame detonator 6. The electric igniter 5 is electrically connected to a time fuse 4, and the flame detonator 6 is disposed in the central hole at the rear end of the shaped charge 2, and is positioned opposite to and connected to the electric igniter 5. During operation, the time fuse 4 starts timing when the projectile is launched. When the projectile reaches the predetermined position, the time fuse 4 outputs an initiation electrical pulse, energizing the electric igniter 5 to generate a flame, igniting the flame detonator 6. The flame detonator 6 then explodes, thereby detonating the shaped charge 2. This combined structure has higher safety and reliability, and is especially suitable for disposable experimental projectiles.

[0041] In this embodiment, the time fuse 4 is a high-precision electronic time fuse 4, specifically a chip time fuse 4, which integrates a quartz crystal oscillator and a high-precision timing chip, and the timing accuracy can reach the microsecond level.

[0042] In other embodiments of the present invention, the time fuse 4 may be a wireless remote-controlled time fuse 4, which can remotely adjust the detonation delay according to the real-time state (such as pressure and temperature) in the confined space during the flight of the projectile, so as to achieve adaptive and precise detonation.

[0043] The propulsion unit is located at the tail of the projectile shell 1 and is used to push the projectile into the confined space. The propulsion unit is a propulsion engine 7, the shell of which is made of high-strength steel pipe. The propulsion engine 7 is filled with 400 grams of silli-2 solid propellant 8, and the actual amount of propellant can be adjusted according to the thrust requirements. The front end of the propulsion engine 7 is provided with external threads, and the tail end of the projectile shell 1 is provided with internal threads. The two are fixed by threaded connection.

[0044] Preferably, the diameter of the propulsion engine housing can be 30mm and the length can be 500mm; this embodiment is only an example, and the actual size can be adjusted according to the requirements.

[0045] After the propulsion engine 7 is ignited, it generates thrust to accelerate the entire missile to about 120 meters per second, and then flies along the predetermined trajectory.

[0046] In application, this shaped charge seawater experimental projectile can be used in conjunction with a target; the target is located inside a sealed space, and a target container is installed inside the target, containing a liquid medium. The projectile of this invention can be applied to fields such as marine engineering and fusion energy simulation research.

[0047] Preferably, the liquid medium within the target container can be a deuterium-containing solution (such as heavy water), which can be extracted and prepared from seawater. This links seawater resources with fusion energy research, providing an experimental basis for studying the physical response characteristics under extreme conditions. Furthermore, the concentration of the deuterium-containing solution can be adjusted according to the required experimental conditions.

[0048] In a specific implementation of this invention, the operating principle of the shaped charge seawater experimental bomb is as follows:

[0049] In use, the projectile is mounted on the launching device and aimed at the entrance of the confined space. The launching device outputs an ignition signal, igniting the propulsion engine 7 and propelling the projectile at high speed into the confined space. The time fuse 4 starts timing when the projectile is launched. When the projectile reaches a preset distance (e.g., 30 meters), the time fuse 4 stops timing and outputs an initiation electrical pulse. The electric igniter 5 is energized to generate a flame, igniting the flame detonator 6. The flame detonator 6 explodes, thereby detonating the shaped charge 2.

[0050] After the shaped charge 2 is detonated, the detonation wave propagates and converges from the bottom of the charge towards the arc-shaped shaped charge surface 21, generating a shaped charge effect. Since the arc-shaped shaped charge surface 21 is curved, the time it takes for the detonation wave to reach different points on the shaped charge surface varies: the central region is compressed first, and the edge region is compressed later, forming a pressure gradient.

[0051] Simultaneously, the geometry of the arc-shaped energy-concentrating surface 21 causes the detonation wave pressure to form a uniform axial thrust at the bottom of the energetic impactor 3, rather than a lateral shear force. Therefore, the energetic impactor 3 is accelerated forward as a whole without fragmentation; the outer shell 1 is torn apart and scattered under the lateral expansion of the detonation wave, and the energetic impactor 3 is ejected from the projectile, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 3 As shown.

[0052] Driven by a pressure gradient, the energetic impactor 3 flips outward during acceleration. Due to the extremely short loading time (microseconds), the PTFE / Al material does not have time to melt and flow, but instead undergoes impact-induced plastic deformation and phase transformation to form a dense solid impactor. Finally, the energetic impactor 3 is launched at high speed along the axis with its convex surface facing forward, precisely impacting the target container in a confined space. The flipped energetic impactor 3 exhibits better flight stability and energy concentration effect.

[0053] When the energetic impactor 3 impacts the deuterium-containing solution in the target container at high speed, a violent energy conversion and release process occurs, involving the following physical processes:

[0054] (1) Kinetic energy conversion: The kinetic energy of the energetic impactor is converted into internal energy at the moment of impact, the liquid medium is violently compressed, and the local temperature rises to thousands of degrees Celsius.

[0055] (2) Chemical reaction and plasma formation: Under high-speed impact, the PTFE / Al in the energetic impactor 3 undergoes a violent fluorination reaction, releasing chemical energy and causing the local temperature to rise sharply to tens of thousands of degrees Celsius, forming high-temperature plasma and generating a strong shock wave. The reaction equation is as follows:

[0056]

[0057] The two energy releases (kinetic energy conversion and chemical reaction exothermics) superimposed on each other, significantly enhancing the overall energy output.

[0058] (3) Shock wave propagation and confinement: The generated strong shock wave and plasma propagate rapidly outward within the confined space. Since the shaped charge warhead is detonated within the confined space, the robust shell of the confined space effectively confines the shock wave and high-temperature products generated by the explosion, reducing energy loss to the outside and allowing energy to accumulate within the space. This also produces a strong compression and heating effect (i.e., energy superposition effect) on the surrounding deuterium-containing solution area that is not directly impacted, ultimately forming a controllable extreme high-temperature and high-pressure environment within the confined space, resulting in a violent explosion effect. Its energy release intensity far exceeds that of a single chemical explosion, providing a new experimental method for simulating extreme energy release processes.

[0059] This environment can be used to simulate energy release, plasma behavior and confinement characteristics during fusion reactions, or for materials dynamic response testing, shock wave physics research, etc.

[0060] The shaped charge seawater experimental projectile of this invention is compared with existing lightweight air cannons and laser-driven flying plates. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0061] Comparison items Light air cannon Laser-driven flying plate The shaped charge seawater experimental projectile of the present invention driving method Single-stage high-pressure gas Single-stage (laser) Two-stage (propulsion engine push + energy-concentrating secondary acceleration) Launch device volume Huge (cannon barrels ranging from several meters to tens of meters long) Complex and large (lasers, optical systems) Compact (simple launch rail, handheld) Delivery distance Short (direct impact from the muzzle) Extremely short (micrometer-level target chamber) Long range (capable of penetrating confined spaces up to 100 meters in diameter) Energy release Kinetic energy only Kinetic energy only Kinetic energy + chemical energy (PTFE / Al reaction) plasma temperature No production Produced but body is very small Generate large-volume high-temperature plasma In conjunction with enclosed spaces difficulty difficulty Easy (projectile directly penetrates)

[0062] Table 1

[0063] Therefore, the shaped charge seawater experimental projectile of the present invention has significant advantages in terms of portability, delivery distance, energy release method, and ease of use in confined spaces.

[0064] The present invention has been described in detail above. The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes, modifications or substitutions made within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shaped sea water experimental projectile, characterized in that, include: Projectile casing; A shaped charge war unit is disposed inside the outer shell of the projectile. The shaped charge war unit includes a shaped charge block and an energetic impactor, with the energetic impactor disposed on the shaped charge block. The detonation control unit is located inside the projectile casing and connected to the shaped charge war unit. It is used to trigger the shaped charge war unit to explode when the projectile flies to a predetermined position, so as to drive the energetic impactor to be launched at high speed in a straight line. The propulsion unit, located at the rear of the projectile's outer shell, is used to propel the projectile into a confined space.

2. The shaped charge seawater experimental bomb according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shaped charge has an inwardly concave arc-shaped shaped charge surface, and the energetic impactor is disposed on the arc-shaped shaped charge surface; after the shaped charge explodes, it drives the energetic impactor to undergo attitude flipping, causing it to fly in a direction with the convex surface facing forward.

3. The shaped charge seawater experimental projectile according to claim 2, characterized in that, The radius of curvature of the arc-shaped energy-concentrating surface matches the curvature of the bottom of the energetic impactor.

4. The shaped charge seawater experimental bomb according to claim 2, characterized in that, The energy-concentrating block is made by pressing passivated RDX.

5. The shaped charge seawater experimental bomb according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energetic impactor is made of an energetic polymer composite material, which includes polytetrafluoroethylene vinyl body and active metal powder dispersed in the matrix.

6. The shaped charge seawater experimental bomb according to claim 5, characterized in that, The active metal powder is aluminum powder, titanium powder, zirconium powder, or other active metal powder.

7. The shaped charge seawater experimental bomb according to claim 1, characterized in that, The propulsion unit is a propulsion engine, which is filled with solid propellant. The propulsion engine is connected to the projectile shell by threads.

8. The shaped charge seawater experimental bomb according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detonation control unit includes a time fuse and an electric detonator, the electric detonator being electrically connected to the time fuse and disposed on the shaped charge.

9. The shaped charge seawater experimental bomb according to claim 8, characterized in that, The electric detonator is a combination of an electric igniter and a flame detonator. The electric igniter is electrically connected to a time fuse. The flame detonator is placed in the shaped charge block. The electric igniter is used to ignite the flame detonator, and the flame detonator explodes to detonate the shaped charge block.

10. The shaped charge seawater experimental bomb according to claim 8, characterized in that, The time fuse is an electronic time fuse.

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