A sea water intake device and method for a marine vessel
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- WUHAN HAIYI HIGH END EQUIP STRUCTURE DESIGN CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-07-02
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-04
AI Technical Summary
目前，船舶海水阀箱和海水过滤器多采用分体式设计，即海水阀箱安装在船舶底层，通过格栅进行粗过滤，海水过滤器布置在机舱管系中，对传输的海水进行过滤，然而，由于分体式布置需占用机舱额外空间，对于空间紧凑的船舶，易造成设备布置困难，同时海水过滤器拆装需关闭通海阀、排空管系海水，操作繁琐，且检修需在机舱内操作，作业空间受到限制，不便于维护；另外船舶海水箱仅粗过滤，对于细沙、微小漂浮物等杂质拦截效果不理想，杂质易随海水进入后续管系及设备，造成管路堵塞，影响船舶系统的正常运行
1、本发明通过将海水过滤器与海水阀箱共形集成，将海水过滤器直接布置于海水阀箱的内部，无需额外占用机舱空间，适配船舶双层底的狭小空间，提升船舶空间利用率；
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Figure CN122499540A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of marine seawater systems, specifically relating to a marine seawater intake device and method. Background Technology
[0002] Seawater valve boxes, as key water intake components for ship seawater cooling, ballast and other systems, are usually located in the bottom layer of the ship to provide a stable seawater source for the entire ship's seawater system. Seawater filters are the core components to prevent pipe and equipment blockage. Both seawater valve boxes and seawater filters are key basic equipment to ensure the stable operation of the ship's power system. Currently, most shipboard seawater valve boxes and seawater filters adopt a separate design. The seawater valve box is installed at the bottom of the ship, where coarse filtration is performed through a grille. The seawater filter is arranged in the engine room piping system to filter the transmitted seawater. However, since the separate arrangement requires additional space in the engine room, it can cause difficulties in equipment placement on ships with limited space. At the same time, the disassembly and assembly of the seawater filter requires closing the sea valve and draining the seawater from the piping system, which is cumbersome. Furthermore, maintenance must be carried out in the engine room, which restricts the working space and makes maintenance inconvenient. In addition, the shipboard seawater tank only performs coarse filtration, and its interception effect on impurities such as fine sand and small floating objects is not ideal. Impurities can easily enter the subsequent piping system and equipment with the seawater, causing pipeline blockage and affecting the normal operation of the ship's systems. Summary of the Invention
[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a seawater intake device and method for ships, which can integrate the seawater valve box and the seawater filter into one unit without occupying additional engine room space, adapt to the narrow installation environment of double bottom, improve the space utilization of ships, and solve the problems mentioned in the background art.
[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A seawater intake device for ships includes a seawater valve box and a seawater filter installed inside the double bottom of the ship. A manhole cover is detachably installed on the upper end of the seawater valve box. The manhole cover is connected to the ship's water supply equipment through a seawater pipeline. A support mechanism is installed on the lower surface of the manhole cover. The seawater filter is installed on the support mechanism and is located inside the seawater valve box. A grating plate is embedded in the inner bottom of the seawater valve box. An openable and closable cover plate is installed on the bottom of the seawater valve box located on one side of the grating plate. The grating plate and the seawater filter constitute a dual filtration mechanism for graded filtration of seawater.
[0005] Preferably, the seawater valve box includes a cavity for storing a seawater filter, the grating plate is located at the bottom of the cavity, and an I-shaped plate for matching the double bottom of the ship is provided on the outer side of the cavity. The inner walls at both ends of the I-shaped plate are fixed with reinforcing structures.
[0006] Preferably, the reinforcing structure includes multiple longitudinal skeletons, which are equidistantly distributed on the outer periphery of the cavity and fixed to the inner walls at the upper and lower ends of the I-shaped plate. The cross-section of the longitudinal skeletons is T-shaped.
[0007] Preferably, the support mechanism includes a sleeve with an open upper end, and a partition is fixed inside the sleeve. The partition divides the sleeve into a water outlet chamber and a filter chamber. The seawater filter is mounted on the partition. Several side holes are opened on the side wall of the sleeve below the partition, so that low-density bubbles and sea ice float on the top of the seawater valve box with the flow of seawater. The upper end of the partition is fixed with a folded edge through the upper end of the cavity, and the folded edge is fixed to the manhole cover.
[0008] Preferably, the seawater filter includes a plurality of filter cylinders arranged in a cylindrical shape, the lower end of the sleeve has a through hole for the upper end of the filter cylinder to pass through, and the partition plate has a communication hole communicating with the inside of the filter cylinder.
[0009] Preferably, the side holes are set at an angle of 30-90° to the opening direction of the filter holes on the filter cylinder, and the total opening area of the side holes is not less than 20% of the total area of the sleeve sidewall.
[0010] Preferably, the filter cartridge includes an outer coarse filter cartridge and an inner fine filter cartridge, wherein the pore diameter of the outer coarse filter cartridge is larger than that of the inner fine filter cartridge, and the outer coarse filter cartridge, the inner fine filter cartridge, and the partition are integrally connected.
[0011] Preferably, the cover plate is a hinged flip-type structure, the cover plate is connected to one side of the grating plate by a hinge, the cover plate is provided with a sealing strip, and the cover plate can form a sealing fit with the water inlet of the grating plate after flipping.
[0012] Preferably, the grating plate is composed of multiple parallel grating bars, the cross-section of the grating bars is trapezoidal, and the width of the water-facing side of the grating bar is smaller than the width of the water-repellent side.
[0013] The present invention also provides a method for seawater intake from a ship, using the seawater intake device for a ship described above, comprising the following steps: S1. Seawater enters through the grating plate at the bottom of the seawater valve box. The grating plate intercepts large particles of impurities in the seawater, completing the first stage of coarse filtration. S2. After coarse filtration, the seawater enters the seawater valve box. Some low-density bubbles and seawater impurities float to the top of the seawater valve box with the seawater flow through the support mechanism, removing the low-density impurities. S3. Seawater with low-density impurities removed passes through a seawater filter to filter out tiny impurities, completing the second stage of fine filtration. S4. After fine filtration, the seawater enters the outlet of the seawater valve box and is then transported to various water-using equipment on the ship through the seawater pipeline connected to the seawater valve box, thus completing the water intake process.
[0014] The present invention provides a seawater intake device and method for ships, which has the following advantages compared with the prior art: 1. This invention conformally integrates the seawater filter with the seawater valve box, placing the seawater filter directly inside the seawater valve box without occupying additional engine room space. This adapts to the narrow space of a ship's double bottom and improves the utilization rate of ship space. 2. This invention uses a dual-layer filtration mechanism consisting of a coarse filtration bar and a fine filtration seawater filter to intercept large particles of sand and seaweed, as well as tiny particles of fine sand, effectively preventing blockage of pipelines and equipment. At the same time, the support mechanism allows low-density impurities to float on the top of the seawater valve box, preventing them from being sucked into the seawater pump, reducing the risk of pump cavitation and system load failure, and ensuring the stable operation of the seawater system. 3. This invention integrates the manhole cover with the seawater filter in a conformal manner. The seawater filter can be removed for cleaning and maintenance simply by opening the manhole cover, without the need to operate inside the engine room. During maintenance, the inlet of the grating plate can be quickly sealed with the cover plate, eliminating the need to drain the seawater from the piping system. This simplifies the maintenance process, shortens maintenance time, and reduces the operational risks caused by seawater spillage. Attached Figure Description
[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the seawater valve box structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the seawater filter installation structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a side view of the structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the seawater filter structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the seawater filter of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the seawater filter and manhole cover of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the cover plate of the present invention when it is open; In the diagram: 1. Seawater valve box; 11. Cavity; 12. I-shaped plate; 13. Longitudinal frame; 2. Manhole cover; 21. Mounting hole; 3. Support mechanism; 31. Sleeve; 32. Baffle plate; 33. Outlet chamber; 34. Filter chamber; 35. Side hole; 4. Seawater filter; 41. Filter cylinder; 5. Grating plate; 6. Cover plate. Detailed Implementation
[0016] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The specific embodiments described herein are merely used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0017] This invention provides, for example Figure 1-8 The illustrated seawater intake device for a ship includes a seawater valve box 1 and a seawater filter 4 installed inside the double bottom of the ship. A manhole cover 2 is detachably installed on the upper end of the seawater valve box 1. The manhole cover 2 is connected to the ship's water supply equipment through a seawater pipeline. A support mechanism 3 is installed on the lower surface of the manhole cover 2. The seawater filter 4 is installed on the support mechanism 3 and is located inside the seawater valve box 1. A grating plate 5 is embedded in the inner bottom of the seawater valve box 1. An openable cover plate 6 is installed on the bottom of the seawater valve box 1 on one side of the grating plate 5. The grating plate 5 and the seawater filter 4 constitute a dual filtration mechanism for graded filtration of seawater. By directly integrating the seawater filter 4 into the seawater valve box 1, which is fixed inside the double bottom of the ship, the seawater valve box 1 and the seawater filter 4 are integrated into one unit, without occupying additional engine room space. This adapts to the narrow installation environment of the double bottom and improves the utilization rate of ship space. The seawater is coarsely filtered by the grating plate 5 and then finely filtered by the seawater filter 4, forming a staged dual filtration. After filtration, the seawater is transported to the ship's water equipment through the seawater pipeline connected by the manhole cover 2. The manhole cover 2 has an installation hole 21 for the seawater pipeline to connect. Through dual staged filtration, large particles and small impurities can be intercepted in turn, reducing the risk of pipeline and equipment blockage.
[0018] In this embodiment, the manhole cover 2 has screw holes around its perimeter. Bolts are used to pass through the screw holes to fix the manhole cover 2 to the I-shaped plate 12, making the manhole cover 2 detachable. By cooperating with the openable cover plate 6, the inspection and maintenance process is simplified, and maintenance work can be carried out without draining the seawater from the pipeline system.
[0019] In this embodiment, the seawater valve box 1 includes a cavity 11 for storing the seawater filter 4. The grid plate 5 is located at the inner bottom of the cavity 11. An I-shaped plate 12 for matching with the double bottom of the ship is provided on the outer side of the cavity 11. Reinforcing structures are fixed to the inner walls at both ends of the I-shaped plate 12. The I-shaped plate 12 is attached and fixed to the double bottom of the ship to ensure the installation sealing and structural adaptability. The reinforcing structure improves the connection strength between the cavity 11 and the I-shaped plate 12 and the overall structural rigidity, adapting to the complex working conditions of turbulence and rocking during ship navigation and extending the service life of the equipment.
[0020] Specifically, the reinforcement structure includes multiple longitudinal frames 13, which are equidistantly distributed on the outer periphery of the cavity 11 and fixed to the inner walls of the upper and lower ends of the I-shaped plate 12. The cross-section of the longitudinal frames 13 is T-shaped. The multiple longitudinal frames 13 form a uniformly distributed support and reinforcement system, which disperses the force on the equipment and the load generated by the ship's navigation, avoids local stress concentration, and further enhances the structural stability of the seawater valve box 1.
[0021] In this embodiment, the support mechanism 3 includes a sleeve 31 with an open upper end. A partition 32 is fixed inside the sleeve 31, which divides the sleeve 31 into an outlet chamber 33 and a filter chamber 34 to ensure the orderly progress of the filtration process. The seawater filter 4 is installed on the partition 32. Several side holes 35 are opened on the side wall of the sleeve 31 located below the partition 32, so that low-density bubbles and sea ice float on the top of the seawater valve box 1 with the flow of seawater. The side holes 35 can guide low-density impurities to float and separate, preventing impurities from entering the filter cylinder 41 and subsequent pipelines, reducing the probability of water pump cavitation and excessive system load failure. The upper end of the partition 32 is fixed with a folded edge through the upper end of the cavity 11. The folded edge is fixed to the manhole cover 2 to ensure that the support mechanism 3 and the seawater filter 4 are disassembled and installed synchronously with the manhole cover 2, improving the convenience of maintenance.
[0022] In this embodiment, the seawater filter 4 includes multiple cylindrical filter cylinders 41. The lower end of the sleeve 31 has a perforation for the upper end of the filter cylinder 41 to pass through. The partition plate 32 has a connecting hole that communicates with the inside of the filter cylinder 41. Seawater seeps into the interior of the filter cylinder 41 from the outside, is filtered, and then enters the outlet chamber 33 through the connecting hole before being transported to the water-using equipment. The parallel design of multiple filter cylinders 41 increases the filtration area and improves the seawater filtration efficiency and water flow. The perforation and connecting hole are precisely matched to ensure that the filter cylinder 41 is installed firmly, while realizing smooth seawater flow and filtration separation.
[0023] Specifically, the side hole 35 is set at an angle of 30-90° with the opening direction of the filter hole on the filter cylinder 41. The angle can change the seawater flow direction, reduce the direct scouring of impurities on the filter cylinder 41, and extend the service life of the filter cylinder 41. In addition, the total opening area of the side hole 35 is not less than 20% of the total area of the side wall of the sleeve 31. Sufficient opening area of the side hole 35 ensures the seawater flow and avoids the decrease in water intake efficiency due to the opening being too small, thus balancing the filtration effect and water flow efficiency.
[0024] Furthermore, the filter cartridge 41 includes an outer coarse filter cartridge and an inner fine filter cartridge. The pore size of the outer coarse filter cartridge is larger than that of the inner fine filter cartridge. The outer coarse filter cartridge, the inner fine filter cartridge, and the partition plate 32 are integrally connected. Seawater first passes through the outer coarse filter cartridge to intercept medium impurities, and then passes through the inner fine filter cartridge to filter out tiny impurities. The inner and outer double-layer filter cartridges 41 achieve gradient fine filtration, further improving the impurity interception effect and effectively blocking fine sand and tiny floating objects. The integral connection structure also prevents the filter cartridge 41 from falling off or leaking, ensuring the stability and sealing of the filtration structure.
[0025] In this embodiment, the cover plate 6 is a hinged flip-plate structure. The cover plate 6 is connected to one side of the grating plate 5 by a hinge. The cover plate 6 is provided with a sealing strip. After the cover plate 6 is flipped, it can form a sealing fit with the water inlet of the grating plate 5. During maintenance, flipping the cover plate 6 can form a sealing fit with the water inlet of the grating plate 5, blocking the seawater entry channel. There is no need to close the sea valve or drain the seawater from the pipeline system, which greatly simplifies the maintenance process and reduces the safety risks caused by seawater overflow. Furthermore, the grating plate 5 is composed of multiple parallel grating bars with trapezoidal cross-sections. The trapezoidal cross-section of the grating bars makes it less likely to trap large particles such as seaweed and sand, reducing the probability of clogging the grating plate 5 and ensuring that seawater can smoothly enter the valve box. In addition, the width of the water-facing side of the grating bar is smaller than the width of the back side. Seawater flows in from the water-facing side, and large particles are intercepted by the grating bars. The trapezoidal cross-section can reduce the adhesion and clogging of impurities.
[0026] In use, seawater enters from outside the ship through the bottom grating plate 5 of the seawater valve box 1. The narrow trapezoidal grating bars on the water-facing side of the grating plate 5 intercept large particles of impurities such as sand and seaweed in the seawater, completing the first coarse filtration and preventing large impurities from entering the valve box. After coarse filtration, the seawater enters the cavity 11 of the seawater valve box 1. When it flows through the side hole 35 on the side wall of the sleeve 31 of the support mechanism 3, low-density bubbles, sea ice and other impurities are affected by the seawater flow and buoyancy and float to the top area of the seawater valve box 1, without entering the filter components, thus achieving the pre-separation of low-density impurities. Seawater, after removing low-density impurities, then enters the filter chamber 34 of sleeve 31, permeating from the outside of filter cylinder 41 inward. It first passes through the outer coarse filter cylinder to filter medium-sized particles, and then through the inner fine filter cylinder to intercept fine sand, tiny floating objects, and other fine impurities, completing the second fine filtration. The clean seawater after fine filtration enters the outlet chamber 33 of sleeve 31 through the connecting hole on the partition 32, and then is transported to various water-using equipment such as the ship's cooling system and ballast system through the seawater pipeline connected by the manhole cover 2, completing the entire seawater intake process.
[0027] The present invention also provides a method for seawater intake from a ship, using the seawater intake device for a ship described above, comprising the following steps: S1. Seawater enters through the grating plate 5 at the bottom of the seawater valve box 1. The grating plate 5 intercepts large particles of impurities in the seawater, such as sand, seaweed, etc., completing the first coarse filtration. S2. After coarse filtration, the seawater enters the seawater valve box 1. Some low-density bubbles and seawater impurities float to the top of the seawater valve box 1 with the seawater flow through the support mechanism 3. That is, low-density bubbles and seawater impurities enter the filter chamber 34 with the seawater flow through the side hole 35 and float to the top of the seawater valve box 1 under the action of buoyancy, thus removing low-density impurities. S3. Seawater with low-density impurities removed passes through seawater filter 4 for filtering out small impurities, such as fine sand-like impurities in the seawater, completing the second fine filtration. S4. The finely filtered seawater enters the outlet of the seawater valve box 1 and is transported to the ship's various water-using equipment through the seawater pipeline connected to the seawater valve box 1, thus completing the water intake process.
[0028] When maintenance is required, there is no need to shut off the sea valve or drain the seawater from the piping system. Simply flip the hinged cover 6 on one side of the grating plate 5 to ensure a tight fit between the cover 6 and the inlet of the grating plate 5. The sealing strip will then seal the grating plate and prevent external seawater from entering the seawater valve box 1. Then, remove the fixing bolts of the manhole cover 2 and lift the manhole cover 2 upwards. The support mechanism 3 and the seawater filter 4 that are fixed to the manhole cover 2 will be removed simultaneously. The filter cartridge 41 and the grating plate 5 can then be cleaned, inspected, or replaced directly. After maintenance, the support mechanism 3 and the seawater filter 4 are placed back into the cavity 11 of the seawater valve box 1. The manhole cover 2 is then fastened and secured. The cover 6 is flipped open to restore the water flow to the grating plate 5. The device can then be put back into use. The entire maintenance process is simple to operate, quick, and has no risk of seawater spillage. It is suitable for the confined working space of ships and ensures the long-term stable operation of the seawater system.
[0029] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A sea water taking device for a ship, characterized by: The system includes a seawater valve box (1) and a seawater filter (4) installed inside the double bottom of the ship. A manhole cover (2) is detachably installed on the upper end of the seawater valve box (1). The manhole cover (2) is connected to the ship's water supply equipment through a seawater pipeline. A support mechanism (3) is installed on the lower surface of the manhole cover (2). The seawater filter (4) is installed on the support mechanism (3) and is located inside the seawater valve box (1). A grating plate (5) is embedded in the inner bottom of the seawater valve box (1). A cover plate (6) that can be opened and closed is installed on the bottom of the seawater valve box (1) located on one side of the grating plate (5). The grating plate (5) and the seawater filter (4) constitute a dual filtration mechanism for graded filtration of seawater.
2. A sea water intake arrangement for a marine vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that The seawater valve box (1) includes a cavity (11) for storing a seawater filter (4), the grid plate (5) is located at the bottom of the cavity (11), and an I-shaped plate (12) for matching the double bottom of the ship is provided on the outside of the cavity (11). The inner walls of the two ends of the I-shaped plate (12) are fixed with a reinforcing structure.
3. A sea water intake arrangement for a marine vessel according to claim 2, characterised in that: The reinforcement structure includes multiple longitudinal skeletons (13), which are equidistantly distributed on the outer periphery of the cavity (11) and fixed to the inner walls of the upper and lower ends of the I-shaped plate (12). The cross-section of the longitudinal skeletons (13) is T-shaped.
4. A sea water intake device for a marine vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support mechanism (3) includes a sleeve (31) with an open upper end. A partition (32) is fixed inside the sleeve (31). The partition (32) divides the sleeve (31) into an outlet chamber (33) and a filter chamber (34). The seawater filter (4) is installed on the partition (32). Several side holes (35) are opened on the side wall of the sleeve (31) located below the partition (32), so that low-density bubbles and sea ice float on the top of the seawater valve box (1) with the flow of seawater. The upper end of the partition (32) is fixed with a folded edge through the upper end of the cavity (11). The folded edge is fixed with the manhole cover (2).
5. A sea water intake arrangement for a marine vessel as claimed in claim 4, characterised in that: The seawater filter (4) includes a plurality of filter cylinders (41) arranged in a cylindrical shape. The lower end of the sleeve (31) is provided with a perforation for the upper end of the filter cylinder (41) to pass through. The partition plate (32) is provided with a connecting hole that communicates with the inside of the filter cylinder (41).
6. A sea water intake arrangement for a marine vessel as claimed in claim 5 wherein: The side hole (35) is set at an angle of 30-90° with the opening direction of the filter hole on the filter cylinder (41), and the total opening area of the side hole (35) is not less than 20% of the total area of the side wall of the sleeve (31).
7. A seawater intake device for ships according to claim 6, characterized in that: The filter cartridge (41) includes an outer coarse filter cartridge and an inner fine filter cartridge. The pore diameter of the outer coarse filter cartridge is larger than that of the inner fine filter cartridge. The outer coarse filter cartridge, the inner fine filter cartridge and the partition plate (32) are an integral connection structure.
8. A seawater intake device for ships according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cover plate (6) is a hinged flip-plate structure. The cover plate (6) is connected to one side of the grating plate (5) by a hinge. The cover plate (6) is provided with a sealing strip. After the cover plate (6) is flipped, it can form a sealing fit with the water inlet of the grating plate (5).
9. A seawater intake device for ships according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grating plate (5) is composed of multiple parallel grating bars. The cross-section of the grating bars is trapezoidal, and the width of the water-facing side of the grating bar is smaller than the width of the back side.
10. A method for taking seawater from a ship, using a seawater taking device for a ship as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. Seawater enters through the grating plate (5) at the bottom of the seawater valve box (1). The grating plate (5) intercepts large particles of impurities in the seawater, completing the first coarse filtration. S2. After coarse filtration, the seawater enters the seawater valve box (1). Some low-density bubbles and seawater impurities float to the top of the seawater valve box (1) along with the seawater flow through the support mechanism (3) to remove low-density impurities. S3. Seawater with low-density impurities removed passes through seawater filter (4) for fine impurity filtration, completing the second fine filtration. S4. After fine filtration, the seawater enters the outlet of the seawater valve box (1) and is transported to the ship's water-using equipment through the seawater pipeline connected to the seawater valve box (1) to complete the water intake process.