System and device for identifying factors of influence of a sudden fire on the structure and function of a forest ecosystem

Abstract

The application discloses a sudden fire influence factor identification system and device for forest ecosystem structure and function in the technical field of forest ecosystem monitoring, which comprises a ground mobile monitoring module for collecting fire area data and an identification module connected with the ground mobile monitoring module, and the identification module is used for receiving the fire area data and identifying the influence factors; wherein the ground mobile monitoring module comprises a mobile robot, a bearing frame is arranged on the mobile robot, an image acquisition device and a building mechanism are arranged on the bearing frame, and the building mechanism is connected with a guide plate mechanism. The bearing frame provided with the building mechanism and the guide plate mechanism enables the mobile robot to construct a temporary transition channel on site by controlling the guide plate mechanism through the building mechanism in the complex post-disaster environment, so that the mobile robot can reach the designated position of the fire site to perform data collection work and is prevented from being trapped.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of forest ecosystem monitoring, specifically to a system and device for identifying factors affecting the structure and function of forest ecosystems in the event of sudden fires. Background Technology

[0002] Accurately identifying the specific impacts of forest fires on the ecological environment is a prerequisite for scientific restoration. The foundation for this identification work lies in the comprehensive and effective collection of multi-dimensional data from the fire-affected area. Currently, the main technical means for collecting data from fire-affected areas include satellite or aerial remote sensing, deploying ground-based fixed sensor networks, and sending ground mobile robots to the site. Among these, ground mobile robots, due to their flexibility and close-range detection capabilities, have become a key means of obtaining detailed on-site data. However, when robots enter the post-disaster site, they generally encounter numerous obstacles such as fallen trees and broken ditches. These obstacles greatly limit the mobility of traditional wheeled or tracked robots, often causing them to become trapped and unable to reach key monitoring points, resulting in interrupted data collection and missing data from critical areas. This severely restricts the completeness, accuracy, and timeliness of identifying post-fire ecological impact factors. Therefore, we propose a system and device for identifying the impact factors of sudden fires on the structure and function of forest ecosystems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a system and device for identifying the impact factors of sudden fires on the structure and function of forest ecosystems. It solves the technical problem that when ground mobile robots are used to enter the disaster site to collect data, they are easily trapped by obstacles such as fallen trees and broken ditches, making it impossible for the robots to reach key monitoring points. This results in the interruption of data collection tasks and the loss of data in key areas, which seriously restricts the integrity, accuracy and timeliness of the identification of ecological impact factors after fires.

[0004] The present invention achieves the above objectives through the following technical solutions: A device for identifying the impact factors of sudden fires on the structure and function of forest ecosystems includes a ground-based mobile monitoring module for collecting data on the fire area, and an identification module connected to the ground-based mobile monitoring module. The identification module is used to receive fire area data and identify impact factors. The ground movement monitoring module includes a mobile robot with a support frame. The support frame is equipped with an image acquisition device and a mounting mechanism. The mounting mechanism is connected to a guide plate mechanism, which drives the guide plate mechanism to move so that it is attached to an obstacle to form a transition channel for the mobile robot to pass through.

[0005] A further improvement is that the guide plate mechanism includes a main board, and the two ends of the main board are respectively provided with sub-plates via rotating shafts. The rotating shafts in each sub-plate are respectively connected to a driving part. The main board is provided with a support part. The drive unit includes a rotating device located inside the motherboard. The output end of the rotating device passes through one side wall of the motherboard and is connected to the corresponding rotating shaft via a sprocket drive assembly to drive the sub-board to rotate.

[0006] A further improvement is that the support part 1 includes two sets of symmetrical and spaced support plates 1 arranged on both sides below the motherboard. Each support plate 1 has an electric telescopic arm 1 hinged to both ends on the same side. The top ends of the two electric telescopic arms 1 corresponding to the same support plate 1 are rotatably connected to a shaft. Each shaft 1 moves through the motherboard and is rotatably connected to the motherboard. The motherboard is provided with a drive part 2 for synchronously driving the shafts on both sides to rotate. The second drive unit includes a second rotating device located within the main board. The output end of the second rotating device and one of its shafts are connected by a gear set, and the output end of the second rotating device is connected to the other shaft by a second sprocket drive set. The second rotating device is used to drive the two shafts to rotate the corresponding electric telescopic arm to an inclined storage state or a vertical support state.

[0007] A further improvement is that protrusions are integrally provided on both sides of the top of the motherboard and between the two support plates. A connecting seat is slidably provided on the outer wall of each protrusion. An arc-shaped limiting plate is connected to the bottom of the connecting seat through an elastic telescopic rod. Several sets of anti-slip teeth are provided on the arc-shaped inner wall of the arc-shaped limiting plate. An elastic element for providing upward reset elastic force is provided between the connecting seat and the protrusion. Pull ropes are connected to both sides of the connecting seat. The other end of each pull rope is wound around the outer wall of the corresponding shaft on both sides of the motherboard. When the second drive unit drives the shaft to rotate and drives the corresponding electric telescopic arm to rotate from the tilted storage state to the vertical support state, the shaft synchronously winds up the pull ropes and pulls down the connecting seat to drive the arc-shaped limiting plate down to the preset position.

[0008] A further improvement is that the sub-plate is equipped with a miniature dual-axis rotating device. The two output ends of the miniature dual-axis rotating device pass through both sides of the sub-plate and are fitted with an electric telescopic arm. One end of the electric telescopic arm is hinged to a support plate, and an insert is provided on the side of the support plate away from the electric telescopic arm.

[0009] A further improvement is that anti-slip textures are provided on the top surface of the main board and on the side surface of each sub-board facing the main board, and the sub-board is an electrically telescopic board structure.

[0010] A further improvement is that the assembly mechanism includes a connecting frame movably sleeved on the outside of the motherboard. The connecting frame is equipped with a second telescopic device. The output end of the second telescopic device is connected to a docking plate located between two protrusions. Both ends of the docking plate are respectively provided with electric locking components for fixed connection with the corresponding protrusions. Both ends of the bottom of the connecting frame are slidably connected to a sliding groove opened on the support frame through a sliding seat. One end of the sliding groove passes through one side of the support frame. A telescopic connecting component is provided between the sliding seat and the sliding groove. A first telescopic device is provided between the sliding seat and the support frame to drive it to move along the sliding groove. The support frame is equipped with a support platform for supporting the motherboard.

[0011] A further improvement is that the mobile robot is also equipped with a data collection device.

[0012] A further improvement is that the identification module is also electrically connected to the influence factor identification model library and the control module, and the control module is electrically connected to the ground movement monitoring module.

[0013] A system for identifying factors affecting the structure and function of forest ecosystems in the event of a sudden fire, comprising the aforementioned identification device, and further comprising: a monitoring terminal communicatively connected to the identification device, wherein the monitoring terminal includes: The GPS module is used to acquire the real-time location data of the mobile robot; The detection module is used to detect the operating status of the mobile robot in real time. The alarm module is used to issue alarm information when the detection module detects abnormal operating status or abnormal position of the mobile robot. In addition, there is a display module, which is used to display alarm information and the recognition results of the recognition module.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention, by setting up a carrier frame on a mobile robot of a ground-based mobile monitoring module, which combines image acquisition with a mounting mechanism and a guide plate mechanism, enables the mobile robot to construct temporary transition channels on-site in complex post-disaster environments using the construction mechanism and the guide plate mechanism. This effectively overcomes obstacles such as fallen trees and broken ditches that hinder the mobile robot's movement, ensuring that the mobile robot can reach the designated location at the fire scene to perform data collection work. It avoids the mobile robot being trapped and unable to reach key monitoring points, which would lead to interruption of data collection tasks and loss of data in key areas, thus improving the completeness, accuracy, and timeliness of the entire identification work. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the identification device structure of the present invention; Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 Another perspective structural diagram; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the guide plate mechanism of the present invention; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Structural sectional view; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the identification system of the present invention.

[0016] In the diagram: 1. Mobile robot; 2. Support frame; 21. Support platform; 3. Image acquisition device; 4. Guide plate mechanism; 41. Main board; 42. Sub-plate; 43. Rotating device one; 44. Sprocket drive assembly one; 45. Electric telescopic arm one; 46. Support plate one; 47. Rotating device two; 48. Electric telescopic arm two; 49. Support plate two; 410. Elastic component; 411. Pull rope; 412. Elastic telescopic rod; 413. Limiting plate; 5. Assembly mechanism; 51. Sliding seat; 52. Connecting frame; 53. Docking plate; 54. Telescopic device one; 55. Telescopic connector; 56. Telescopic device two; 6. Acquisition device. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the following specific embodiments are only used to further illustrate the present application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. Those skilled in the art can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present application based on the above application content.

[0018] Example 1

[0019] Please see the appendix Figure 1 and Figure 5The device for identifying the impact factors of sudden fires on the structure and function of forest ecosystems includes a ground-based mobile monitoring module for collecting data from the fire area (responsible for going deep into the post-fire site and performing data collection tasks), and an identification module connected to the ground-based mobile monitoring module. The identification module receives data from the fire area and identifies the impact factors to obtain the identification results. The identification module is also electrically connected to a pre-built impact factor identification model library and a control module. The control module is electrically connected to the ground-based mobile monitoring module so that it can control the electrical components on the device. In this embodiment, the impact factor identification model library is pre-built. Optionally, the impact factor identification model library in this embodiment is a software that integrates multiple machine learning algorithms and ecological mechanism models. Its construction first relies on the collection, cleaning, and labeling of multi-source data (including remote sensing images, field survey data, and laboratory analysis results) of historical fire cases to form a training dataset. Subsequently, algorithms such as deep neural networks and random forests are used to train these data so that the model can learn to automatically identify and quantify assessment indicators with clear ecological significance from complex input data, such as vegetation damage level, soil erosion risk index, biomass carbon loss, and degree of habitat fragmentation. It should be noted that the data collection for fire areas includes, but is not limited to, ground-based mobile monitoring modules, as well as aerial monitoring modules and ground-based fixed monitoring modules. Optionally, the aerial monitoring module may use a drone as a flight platform, which can be equipped with multispectral cameras, LiDAR, thermal infrared imagers, and other devices to efficiently acquire macroscopic spatial information such as vegetation index, three-dimensional terrain structure, and burned surface temperature distribution over a large area. The ground-based fixed monitoring module may use a cluster of intelligent sensor nodes powered by solar energy and equipped with wireless self-organizing network capabilities, deployed at typical ecological sites to continuously collect data such as soil temperature, moisture, pH value, nutrient content, carbon dioxide flux, and microclimate data.

[0020] The ground-based mobile monitoring module includes a mobile robot 1, a support frame 2 on the mobile robot 1, an image acquisition device 3 and a construction mechanism 5 on the support frame 2. Optionally, the image acquisition device 3 in this embodiment includes an infrared thermal imager, a multispectral camera or a visible light camera for visual recording and analysis of vegetation, soil and landforms after a fire. The construction mechanism 5 is connected to a guide plate mechanism 4, which drives the guide plate mechanism 4 to move so that it is attached to an obstacle to form a transition channel for the mobile robot 1 to pass through. When the mobile robot 1 encounters typical obstacles such as fallen trees or broken ditches during its movement, the construction mechanism 5 controls the guide plate mechanism 4 to be attached to the obstacle, thereby quickly forming a transition channel so that the mobile robot 1 can pass through smoothly, avoiding the mobile robot from being trapped and unable to reach key monitoring points, and ensuring the continuity of the monitoring task.

[0021] Please see the appendix Figure 1-4 As a preferred embodiment, the guide plate mechanism 4 includes a main plate 41 as the main load-bearing structure. The two ends of the main plate 41 are respectively provided with sub-plates 42 through rotating shafts. The rotating shafts in each sub-plate 42 are respectively connected to a driving part. The main plate 41 is provided with a support part to enhance the overall structural stability during deployment. The drive unit includes a rotating device 43 (which may be a servo motor with a reducer) located inside the main board 41. The output end of the rotating device 43 passes through one side wall of the main board 41 and is connected to the corresponding rotating shaft through a sprocket transmission group 44 (including sprockets and chains) to drive the sub-board 42 to rotate. When encountering broken ditches or obstacles, the rotating device 43 drives the two side plates 42 to rotate synchronously to a horizontally extended state. Then, the erection mechanism 5 smoothly erects the entire guide plate mechanism 4 on both sides of the ditch, thus forming a stable passage for the mobile robot 1 to pass safely. If encountering fallen trees or obstacles, the rotating device 43 first adjusts the side plates 42 to an inclined state in contact with the ground. Then, the erection mechanism 5 securely mounts the main plate 41 on the tree, so that the two side plates 42 contact the ground at both ends, forming a complete ramp passage to guide the mobile robot 1 to climb over. In normal travel without needing to overcome obstacles, the side plates 42 can be rotated to a horizontal state and stored on top of the main plate 41, reducing the longitudinal space occupied by the entire mechanism and ensuring that the mobile robot 1 has better passability and flexibility when traversing dense or complex forest environments.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment, the support part one includes two sets of symmetrical and spaced support plates one 46 arranged on both sides below the main board 41. Each support plate one 46 has an electric telescopic arm one 45 (which can be an electric push rod or a linear motor module, etc.) hinged to both ends on the same side. The top ends of the two electric telescopic arms one 45 corresponding to the same support plate one 46 are rotatably connected to a shaft. Each shaft moves through the main board 41 and is rotatably connected to the main board 41. The main board 41 is provided with a drive part two for synchronously driving the shafts on both sides to rotate. The second drive unit includes a second rotating device 47 (e.g., a servo motor with a reducer) located in the main board 41. The output end of the second rotating device 47 and one of its shafts are connected by a gear set (including two sets of meshing gears). The output end of the second rotating device 47 and the other shaft are connected by a sprocket drive set 2 (including a sprocket and a chain), so that the two shafts rotate in opposite directions. The second rotating device 47 is used to drive the two shafts to rotate the corresponding electric telescopic arm 45 to a tilted storage state or a vertical support state. When encountering fallen trees as obstacles, the electric telescopic arm 45 can be rotated to a vertical support state by rotating device 2 47. Then, by adjusting the telescopic length of each electric telescopic arm 45, the support plate 46 at its bottom can adapt to the uneven ground and make firm contact with the ground, thereby raising the main board 41 as a whole smoothly and firmly and supporting it on top of the fallen tree, forming a solid working reference plane.

[0023] Preferably, in this embodiment, the main board 41 has an integrally provided protrusion on both sides of the top and between the two support plates 46. The outer wall of each protrusion is slidably provided with a connecting seat in a vertically sliding manner. The bottom of the connecting seat is connected to an arc-shaped limiting plate 413 via an elastic telescopic rod 412 (which is a conventional structure in the art and will not be described in detail here). The arc-shaped inner wall of the arc-shaped limiting plate 413 is provided with several sets of anti-slip teeth to enhance friction. An elastic element 410 (such as a spring) is provided between the connecting seat and the protrusion to provide an upward reset elastic force. Pull ropes 411 (high-strength steel wire ropes can be selected) are connected to both sides of the connecting seat. The other end of each pull rope 411 is wound around the outer wall of the corresponding shaft on both sides of the main board 41. When the second drive unit drives the shaft to rotate and drives the corresponding electric telescopic arm 45 to rotate from the tilted storage state to the vertical support state, the shaft synchronously winds up the pull ropes 411 to pull down the connecting seat and drive the arc-shaped limiting plate 413 to descend to the preset position. When the guide plate mechanism 4 is mounted on the fallen tree obstacle, the descending arc-shaped limiting plate 413 can adhere to and hug the obstacle surface with its inner wall, and the anti-slip teeth can effectively prevent relative sliding, thereby greatly enhancing the anti-lateral displacement and anti-overturning ability of the entire mechanism and improving the safety and stability of the mobile robot 1 when passing through.

[0024] Preferably, the sub-plate 42 in this embodiment is equipped with a miniature dual-axis rotating device (such as a dual-axis motor, which is widely used in the field and will not be described in detail here). The two output ends of the miniature dual-axis rotating device pass through both sides of the sub-plate 42 and are fitted with electric telescopic arms 48 (electric push rods or linear motor modules can be used to realize its telescopic function). One end of the electric telescopic arm 48 is hinged to a support plate 49. The side of the support plate 49 away from the electric telescopic arm 48 is provided with an insert for penetrating into the ground (such as a conical spike or anchor claw). When the sub-plate 42 is flipped and unfolded to a preset angle, the angle of the two electric telescopic arms 48 can be adjusted by activating the miniature dual-axis rotating device according to the contact with the ground. Then, each electric telescopic arm 48 is controlled to extend and retract to deliver the support plate 49 to the support point. Finally, the insert on the support plate 49 is inserted into the ground, thereby providing an additional auxiliary support point for the sub-plate 42, improving the load-bearing capacity of the sub-plate 42 and preventing the sub-plate 42 from slipping when the mobile robot 1 moves, thus ensuring the stability of the transition channel.

[0025] Preferably, in this embodiment, the top surface of the main board 41 and the side surface of each sub-board 42 facing the main board 41 are provided with anti-slip textures (for example, they can be designed as staggered diamond-shaped protrusions, wavy grooves, or a coating with high friction coefficient particles). The sub-board 42 is an electrically telescopic board structure (which is a conventional device in the art and will not be described in detail here). When the guide plate mechanism 4 is set up, the anti-slip textures on the surfaces of the main board 41 and the sub-board 42 can increase the static friction coefficient of the contact surface through the micro-engagement and damping effect between the mobile robot 1 track or tires, effectively preventing the mobile robot 1 from slipping or shifting sideways when climbing or passing. The electric telescopic function of the sub-board 42 allows it to adjust its length according to the span of the actual obstacle (such as the width of the ditch) or the required slope.

[0026] Preferably, the mobile robot 1 in this embodiment is also equipped with a collection device 6. This collection device 6 includes soil sample collection devices that are widely used in the prior art, which will not be described in detail here. By sending the samples obtained on site to the back end for laboratory-level physicochemical analysis, the comprehensiveness of the collected data is improved, thereby improving the accuracy of the identification results.

[0027] A system for identifying factors affecting the structure and function of forest ecosystems in the event of a sudden fire. This system includes the aforementioned identification device, and further includes a monitoring terminal that communicates with the identification device (e.g., using 4G / 5G, satellite communication, or self-organizing network technology). The monitoring terminal includes: The GPS module is used to obtain the real-time location data of the mobile robot 1; The detection module is used to detect the operating status of the mobile robot 1 in real time (including the power system, actuators and overall operating health status of the mobile robot). The alarm module is used to issue alarm information (such as sound and light, SMS or platform pop-up, etc.) when the detection module detects abnormal operating status of the mobile robot 1 (such as motor overload, posture overturning, communication interruption) and abnormal position (such as stopping in a non-task planning area). In addition, there is a display module, which displays alarm information and the identification results of the identification module. Data collected by the ground fixed monitoring module is sent to the identification module. The identification module calls the corresponding data in the impact factor identification model library and compares and analyzes it with the collected data. Finally, it outputs a series of quantitative and spatial impact factor identification results and evaluation maps, which are sent to the monitoring terminal and presented intuitively through the display module. This method greatly improves the efficiency, objectivity and scientific nature of the assessment work and provides decision support for post-disaster ecological restoration.

[0028] This identification system enhances the controllability and operational reliability of the ground mobile monitoring module. Through real-time status monitoring and an immediate alarm mechanism for anomalies, it effectively reduces the risk of mission failure, data loss, and equipment damage caused by the malfunction or loss of connection of the mobile robot 1, ensuring the smooth execution of long-term, large-scale monitoring tasks.

[0029] Example 2

[0030] Please see the appendix Figure 1-2 Based on Embodiment 1, the assembly mechanism 5 of this embodiment includes a connecting frame 52 (in the shape of a U) movably sleeved on the outside of the main board 41. The connecting frame 52 is provided with a telescopic device 56 (e.g., an electric push rod or a hydraulic cylinder). The output end of the telescopic device 56 is connected to a docking plate 53 located between two protrusions. Both ends of the docking plate 53 are respectively provided with electric locking components (e.g., an electromagnetic lock or an electric pin mechanism) for fixed connection with the corresponding protrusions. Both ends of the bottom of the connecting frame 52 are slidably connected to the slide groove opened on the support frame 2 through the sliding seat 51. One end of the slide groove passes through one side of the support frame 2. A telescopic connecting component 55 (e.g., a connecting rod or a telescopic rod) is provided between the sliding seat 51 and the slide groove to improve the connection strength. A telescopic device 54 (e.g., an electric push rod or a hydraulic cylinder) is provided between the sliding seat 51 and the support frame 2 to drive it to move along the slide groove. The support frame 2 is provided with a support platform 21 for supporting the main board 41. When the guide plate mechanism 4 needs to be deployed, the telescopic device 1 54 first drives the sliding seat 51, causing the entire connecting frame 52 and the guide plate mechanism 4 held by it to move along the slide groove to the outside of the support frame 2 until the entire structure is suspended directly above the target obstacle. Then, the telescopic device 2 56 pushes the docking plate 53, thereby causing the entire guide plate mechanism 4 to descend smoothly to the preset working position. Next, the electric locking device is controlled to release the lock between the docking plate 53 and the boss, allowing the guide plate mechanism 4 to disengage from the erection mechanism 5 and fall stably on the obstacle. Finally, the telescopic device 2 56 is retracted. Telescopic device 54 automatically releases the guide plate mechanism 4. When it is necessary to retract the guide plate mechanism 4, the process is reversed: first, the erection mechanism 5 is moved above the already positioned guide plate mechanism 4, and telescopic device 56 pushes the docking plate 53 down to align the docking plate 53 with the protrusion on the main board 41. Then, the electric locking device is controlled to connect and lock the connection. Subsequently, the guide plate mechanism 4 is lifted by the retraction of telescopic device 56, and finally, telescopic device 54 pulls it to transfer and place it back on the support platform 21 of the carrier frame 2, realizing the automated cyclic loading and unloading and efficient recycling of the guide plate mechanism 4.

[0031] The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for identifying factors affecting the structure and function of forest ecosystems in the event of a fire, characterized by, It includes a ground-based mobile monitoring module for collecting fire area data, and an identification module connected to the ground-based mobile monitoring module, wherein the identification module is used to receive fire area data and identify influencing factors; The ground mobile monitoring module includes a mobile robot (1), a support frame (2) on the mobile robot (1), an image acquisition device (3) and a building mechanism (5) on the support frame (2), and a guide plate mechanism (4) connected to the building mechanism (5). The building mechanism (5) is used to drive the guide plate mechanism (4) to move so that it is attached to the obstacle to form a transition channel for the mobile robot (1) to pass through.

2. The identification device of claim 1, wherein The guide plate mechanism (4) includes a main plate (41), and the two ends of the main plate (41) are respectively provided with sub-plates (42) through rotating shafts. The rotating shafts in each sub-plate (42) are respectively connected to a driving part. The main plate (41) is provided with a support part. The drive unit includes a rotating device (43) located inside the main board (41). The output end of the rotating device (43) passes through one side wall of the main board (41) and is connected to the corresponding rotating shaft through a sprocket transmission group (44) to drive the sub-board (42) to rotate.

3. The identification device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The support part 1 includes two sets of symmetrical and spaced support plates 1 (46) arranged on both sides below the main board (41). Each support plate 1 (46) has an electric telescopic arm 1 (45) hinged at both ends on the same side. The top ends of the two electric telescopic arms 1 (45) corresponding to the same support plate 1 (46) are rotatably connected to a shaft. Each shaft moves through the main board (41) and is rotatably connected to the main board (41). The main board (41) is provided with a drive part 2 for synchronously driving the shafts on both sides to rotate. The second drive unit includes a second rotating device (47) located in the main board (41). The output end of the second rotating device (47) and one of its shafts are connected by a gear set. The output end of the second rotating device (47) and the other shaft are connected by a sprocket drive set. The second rotating device (47) is used to drive the two shafts to rotate the corresponding electric telescopic arm (45) to an inclined storage state or a vertical support state.

4. The identification device of claim 3, wherein The main board (41) has a protrusion integrated on both sides of the top and between the two support plates (46). Each protrusion has a connecting seat slidably mounted on its outer side wall. The bottom of the connecting seat is connected to an arc-shaped limiting plate (413) via an elastic telescopic rod (412). The arc-shaped limiting plate (413) has several sets of anti-slip teeth on its arc-shaped inner wall. An elastic element (410) for providing upward reset elastic force is provided between the connecting seat and the protrusion. Pull ropes (411) are connected to both sides of the connecting seat. The other end of each pull rope (411) is wound around the outer wall of the corresponding shaft on both sides of the main board (41). When the second drive unit drives the shaft to rotate and drives the corresponding electric telescopic arm (45) to rotate from the tilted storage state to the vertical support state, the shaft synchronously winds up the pull rope (411) to pull down the connecting seat and drive the arc-shaped limiting plate (413) to descend to the preset position.

5. The identification device of claim 2, wherein The sub-plate (42) is equipped with a miniature dual-axis rotating device. The two output ends of the miniature dual-axis rotating device pass through both sides of the sub-plate (42) and are fitted with an electric telescopic arm (48). One end of the electric telescopic arm (48) is hinged to a support plate (49). An insert is provided on the side of the support plate (49) away from the electric telescopic arm (48).

6. The identification device of claim 2, wherein The top surface of the main board (41) and the side surface of each sub-board (42) facing the main board (41) are provided with anti-slip textures. The sub-board (42) is an electric telescopic board structure.

7. The identification device of claim 4, wherein The assembly mechanism (5) includes a connecting frame (52) movably sleeved on the outside of the main board (41). The connecting frame (52) is provided with a telescopic device (56). The output end of the telescopic device (56) is connected to a docking plate (53) located between two protrusions. The two ends of the docking plate (53) are respectively provided with electric locking parts for fixed connection with the corresponding protrusions. The bottom ends of the connecting frame (52) are slidably connected to the slide groove opened on the support frame (2) through the sliding seat (51). One end of the slide groove passes through one side of the support frame (2). A telescopic connector (55) is provided between the sliding seat (51) and the slide groove. A telescopic device (54) is provided between the sliding seat (51) and the support frame (2) to drive it to move along the slide groove. The support frame (2) is provided with a support platform (21) for supporting the main board (41).

8. The identification device of claim 1, wherein The mobile robot (1) is also equipped with a data collection device (6).

9. The identification device of claim 1, wherein, The identification module is also electrically connected to the influence factor identification model library and the control module, and the control module is electrically connected to the ground movement monitoring module.

10. A system for identifying factors influencing the structure and function of forest ecosystems in the event of a fire, the system comprising an identification device as claimed in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: Also includes: A monitoring terminal that is communicatively connected to the identification device, the monitoring terminal comprising: The GPS module is used to obtain the real-time location data of the mobile robot (1); The detection module is used to detect the operating status of the mobile robot (1) in real time; The alarm module is used to issue alarm information when the detection module detects that the mobile robot (1) has an abnormal running status or an abnormal position. In addition, there is a display module, which is used to display alarm information and the recognition results of the recognition module.

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