Portable rail plate flatness measuring device and method

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of track slab measurement, and discloses a portable track slab flatness measuring device and method. The device includes a track base, a track web at the upper end of the track base, and a track head at the upper end of the track web. Two sets of splicing clamping assemblies are provided on both sides of the upper end of the track head. One set of splicing clamping assemblies has a connecting plate at its upper end, and a laser detector at its upper end. The other set of splicing clamping assemblies has a connecting plate at its upper end, and a laser emitter at its upper end. Both sets of splicing clamping assemblies have electric wheels at their bottoms. The track base, track web, and track head are integrally formed. In this invention, the splicing clamping assemblies adopt a symmetrical clamping structure, eliminating the need to push them in from the end face of the track slab. They can be directly clamped and fixed at any position on the track head, solving the problem of limited installation position in existing devices. This facilitates accurate detection of local defects in the track slab and significantly improves detection flexibility.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of track slab measurement, and more particularly to a portable track slab flatness measuring device and method. Background Technology

[0002] Track is a fixed route facility for trains, trams, and other transportation vehicles. It is usually composed of rails, sleepers, ballast, and connecting parts. It is responsible for transmitting train loads, maintaining track smoothness, and guiding vehicle operation. During the track surveying and construction phase, track slab flatness measuring devices are used to detect the flatness error of the track slab to ensure laying accuracy. Common devices are based on laser scanning or three-dimensional geometric measurement principles. As the core load-bearing component of rail transit, the flatness of the track slab directly determines the stability and safety of train operation and the service life of the track.

[0003] While existing technologies employ laser detection to improve measurement accuracy, significant drawbacks remain. Installation is limited; laser detectors and emitters must be pushed in from the end face of the track slab, preventing direct installation at any point. This necessitates complete disassembly and reassembly for detecting localized defects, resulting in cumbersome and time-consuming operations. Mobility is low; during inspection, the laser detector or emitter must be manually moved, which is not only labor-intensive but also prone to shaking and shifting, leading to distorted measurement data. Furthermore, the limited distance of manual movement hinders long-distance, continuous flatness inspection. Adaptability is poor; some equipment is bulky, complex to install, and lacks portability, making it difficult to quickly adapt to the on-site inspection needs of track slabs of different specifications. Additionally, the rigid connection between the equipment and the track slab can cause wear on the rail head surface, affecting the structural integrity of the track slab. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem this invention aims to solve is to provide a portable track slab flatness measuring device and method to address the significant shortcomings of existing technologies, which, despite employing laser detection to improve measurement accuracy. These shortcomings include: limited installation (laser detectors and emitters must be pushed in from the track slab end face, preventing direct installation at any location, necessitating complete disassembly for local defect detection, which is cumbersome and time-consuming); low mobility (laser detectors or emitters require manual pushing during detection, resulting in high labor intensity and potential for shaking and misalignment, distorting measurement data); limited manual movement distance, hindering long-distance, continuous flatness testing; and poor adaptability (some devices are bulky, complex to install, and lack portability, failing to quickly adapt to the on-site testing needs of different track slab specifications, and the rigid connection between the device and the track slab can cause wear on the rail head surface, affecting the structural integrity of the track slab).

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution.

[0006] A portable track slab flatness measuring device includes: a track base, a track waist at the upper end of the track base, and a track head at the upper end of the track waist. Two sets of splicing and clamping assemblies are provided on both sides of the upper end of the track head. One set of splicing and clamping assemblies has a connecting plate at its upper end, and a laser detector at its upper end. The other set of splicing and clamping assemblies has a connecting plate at its upper end, and a laser emitter at its upper end. Both sets of splicing and clamping assemblies have electric wheels at their bottoms.

[0007] Furthermore, the rail base, rail web, and rail head are integrally formed, and the width of the rail base is greater than the width of the rail head, and the width of the rail head is greater than the width of the rail web.

[0008] Furthermore, the splicing and clamping assembly includes a clamping side plate one, a clamping side plate two, a rubber gasket, a fastening screw one, a connecting nut, a locking groove, a fastening screw two, a circular groove, and a ball bearing. The clamping side plate one is provided on the side of the clamping side plate two. The clamping side plate one and the clamping side plate two are symmetrically arranged and have the same shape and structure.

[0009] Furthermore, both clamping side plate one and clamping side plate two have engagement grooves on opposite sides, and the shape and structure of the engagement grooves match the shape and structure of the outer side of the rail head. The clamping side plate one and clamping side plate two are used to clamp and fix to the outer side of the rail head, but there is a gap between the inner side of clamping side plate one and clamping side plate two and the outer side of the rail head, and the gap is 3-7 mm.

[0010] Furthermore, the upper ends of the clamping side plate one and the clamping side plate two are attached to each other, and rubber gaskets are glued to the joint of the clamping side plate one and the clamping side plate two. At least three fastening screws one are equidistantly inserted through the joint of the clamping side plate two and the clamping side plate one. The fastening screws one extend into the clamping side plate one and out through the clamping side plate one. A connecting nut is screwed to the outer side of the fastening screw one.

[0011] Furthermore, both the clamping side plate one and the clamping side plate two have circular grooves arranged in a rectangular array at the engagement slots, and ball bearings are provided in the circular grooves. The depth of the ball bearings submerged in the circular grooves is greater than the radius of the ball bearings, and the part of the ball bearings protruding from the circular grooves is in contact with the rail head.

[0012] Furthermore, the upper ends of the clamping side plate one and the clamping side plate two are platform-shaped. The clamping side plate one and the clamping side plate two are provided in two sets. One set of clamping side plate one and the clamping side plate two are longitudinally provided with fastening screw two, and the fastening screw two extends into the connecting plate one. The other set of clamping side plate one and the clamping side plate two are also longitudinally provided with fastening screw two, and the fastening screw two extends into the connecting plate two.

[0013] Furthermore, both the first and second connecting plates are embedded with device batteries, which are used to power the laser detector, the electric wheel, and the laser emitter.

[0014] Furthermore, both sets of clamping side plates one and clamping side plates two are equipped with electric wheels at their bottoms, and the bottoms of the electric wheels are in contact with the upper end of the rail bottom and have contact pressure.

[0015] Furthermore, a laser receiver head is provided on one side of the laser detector, and a laser emitter head is provided on one side of the laser emitter. The laser receiver head is used to receive the infrared laser emitted by the laser emitter head.

[0016] A portable track slab flatness measurement method, employing the portable track slab flatness measurement device described above, includes the following steps: S1: Clamp and fix the two sets of splicing clamping components at any position on the rail head of the track plate, so that the engagement grooves of clamping side plate one and clamping side plate two fit against the outer side of the rail head, and lock them with fastening screw one and connecting nut. S2: Fix the connecting plate one and the laser detector to the upper end of a set of splicing clamping components by fastening screw two, fix the connecting plate two and the laser emitter to the upper end of another set of splicing clamping components, and make the laser emitter head and the laser receiver head on the same horizontal straight line; S3: Start the electric wheel, so that the electric wheel rolls along the bottom of the rail, driving the two sets of splicing clamping components to move synchronously and automatically along the rail; S4: The laser emitter continuously emits infrared laser through the laser emitting head, and the laser detector receives the infrared laser through the laser receiving head; S5: When there is a flatness deviation in the track slab, the laser transmission path is deflected. The laser detector captures the deflection data, and the flatness deviation value of the track slab is obtained through data processing, thus completing the flatness measurement.

[0017] This invention provides a portable track slab flatness measuring device. Compared with the prior art, it has the following advantages: 1. The splicing and clamping assembly adopts a symmetrical clamping structure, which does not require pushing in from the end face of the track plate. It can be directly clamped and fixed at any position on the rail head, which solves the problem of limited installation position of existing devices, facilitates accurate detection of local defects in the track plate, and greatly improves the flexibility of detection. 2. Both sets of splicing and clamping components are equipped with electric wheels at the bottom. The equipment is powered by a unified battery, which can drive the device to move automatically and continuously along the track without manual pushing. This reduces labor intensity and avoids shaking and deviation caused by manual movement, ensuring stable measurement data. 3. Simultaneously, it can achieve long-distance, continuous flatness detection, solving the drawback of limited manual movement distance and significantly improving detection efficiency; the laser emitter and laser detector work together to achieve flatness measurement through the linear transmission characteristics of infrared laser, avoiding manual measurement errors; the ball bearing design between the splicing and clamping components and the rail head ensures smooth device movement and reduces rail head wear; the slight contact pressure between the electric wheel and the rail bottom further prevents device shaking, ensuring a stable laser transmission path and accurate and reliable measurement data; 4. The overall device is compact and lightweight. The splicing and clamping components can be quickly assembled and disassembled by fastening screws and connecting nuts without complicated tools, making it easy to carry to different track sites. The clamping groove matches the shape of the outer side of the rail head, which can be adapted to different specifications of track plates, making it highly adaptable. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a front-view three-dimensional structural diagram of a portable track slab flatness measuring device.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a rear-view three-dimensional structural diagram of a portable track slab flatness measuring device.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the front view of a portable track slab flatness measuring device.

[0021] Figure 4 Portable track slab flatness measuring device Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle.

[0022] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the connection structure between the splicing and mounting components of the portable track slab flatness measuring device, the connecting plate, and the laser detector.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the portable track slab flatness measuring device after the clamping side plate 1 and clamping side plate 2 are separated.

[0024] The attached figures are labeled as follows: 1. Rail base; 2. Rail web; 3. Rail head; 4. Splicing clamping assembly; 401. Clamping side plate one; 402. Clamping side plate two; 403. Rubber gasket; 404. Fastening screw one; 405. Connecting nut; 406. Engaging groove; 407. Fastening screw two; 408. Circular groove; 409. Ball bearing; 5. Connecting plate one; 6. Equipment battery; 7. Laser detector; 8. Laser receiver head; 9. Electric wheel; 10. Connecting plate two; 11. Laser emitter; 12. Laser emitter head. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present invention will be further illustrated below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0027] Reference Figures 1-6 A portable track slab flatness measuring device includes: a track base 1, a track waist 2 at the upper end of the track base 1, and a track head 3 at the upper end of the track waist 2. The upper ends of the track head 3 are provided with splicing clamping components 4 on both sides, and there are two sets of splicing clamping components 4. One set of splicing clamping components 4 is provided with a connecting plate 1 5 at the upper end of the connecting plate 1 5, and a laser detector 7 at the upper end of the connecting plate 1 5. The other set of splicing clamping components 4 is provided with a connecting plate 2 10 at the upper end of the connecting plate 2 10, and a laser emitter 11 at the upper end of the connecting plate 2 10. Both sets of splicing clamping components 4 are provided with electric wheels 9 at the bottom.

[0028] The rail base 1, rail web 2, and rail head 3 are integrally formed, and the width of the rail base 1 is greater than the width of the rail head 3, while the width of the rail head 3 is greater than the width of the rail web 2.

[0029] The splicing and clamping assembly 4 includes a clamping side plate 401, a clamping side plate 402, a rubber gasket 403, a fastening screw 404, a connecting nut 405, a locking groove 406, a fastening screw 407, a circular groove 408, and a ball bearing 409. The clamping side plate 402 is provided on the side of the clamping side plate 401. The clamping side plate 401 and the clamping side plate 402 are symmetrically arranged and have the same shape and structure.

[0030] Both clamping side plate 1 401 and clamping side plate 2 402 have engaging grooves 406 on opposite sides, and the shape and structure of engaging grooves 406 match the shape and structure of the outer side of rail head 3. Clamping side plate 1 401 and clamping side plate 2 402 are used to clamp and fix to the outer side of rail head 3, but there is a gap between the inner side of clamping side plate 1 401 and clamping side plate 2 402 and the outer side of rail head 3, and the gap is 3-7 mm.

[0031] The upper ends of clamping side plate 1 401 and clamping side plate 2 402 are attached to each other, and rubber gaskets 403 are glued to the joint of clamping side plate 1 401 and clamping side plate 2 402. At least three fastening screws 1 404 are equidistantly inserted through the joint of clamping side plate 2 402 and clamping side plate 1 401. The fastening screws 1 404 extend into the clamping side plate 1 401 and out of the clamping side plate 1 401. A connecting nut 405 is screwed to the outer side of the fastening screws 1 404 that protrudes from the clamping side plate 1 401.

[0032] The installation can be carried out directly at any position on the rail head 3. Align the clamping side plates 401 and 402 of the two sets of splicing clamping components 4 with the two sides of the rail head 3 respectively. Secure the clamping side plates 401 and 402 with the fastening screws 404 and connecting nuts 405. The rubber pads 403 buffer the clamping force to avoid damaging the rail head 3.

[0033] Both clamping side plate 1 401 and clamping side plate 2 402 have engagement grooves 406, and circular grooves 408 are arranged in a rectangular array. Roller balls 409 are provided in the circular grooves 408. The depth of the roller balls 409 into the circular grooves 408 is greater than the radius of the roller balls 409. The part of the roller balls 409 that is exposed in the circular grooves 408 is in contact with the rail head 3.

[0034] The 3-7mm gap between the clamping side plate 401 and the clamping side plate 402 and the rail head 3, combined with the ball bearings 409 in the circular groove 408, allows the device to roll smoothly along the rail head 3, and the ball bearings 409 fit snugly against the rail head 3, reducing frictional wear.

[0035] The upper ends of clamping side plate 1 401 and clamping side plate 2 402 are platform-shaped. There are two sets of clamping side plate 1 401 and clamping side plate 2 402. One set of clamping side plate 1 401 and clamping side plate 2 402 is provided with a fastening screw 2 407 running through the upper end longitudinally, and the fastening screw 2 407 extends into the connecting plate 1 5. The other set of clamping side plate 1 401 and clamping side plate 2 402 is also provided with a fastening screw 2 407 running through the upper end longitudinally, and the fastening screw 2 407 extends into the connecting plate 2 10.

[0036] Both the first connecting plate 5 and the second connecting plate 10 are equipped with a device battery 6, which is used to power the laser detector 7, the electric wheel 9 and the laser emitter 11.

[0037] Both sets of clamping side plates 401 and clamping side plates 402 are equipped with electric wheels 9 at their bottoms, and the bottom of the electric wheels 9 is in contact with the upper end of the rail bottom 1 and has contact pressure.

[0038] A laser receiver head 8 is provided on one side of the laser detector 7, and a laser transmitter head 12 is provided on one side of the laser transmitter 11. The laser receiver head 8 is used to receive the infrared laser emitted by the laser transmitter head 12.

[0039] The electric wheel 9 is activated and rolls along the bottom of the rail 1, driving the two sets of splicing clamping components 4 to move synchronously and automatically along the track without manual pushing; the laser emitter 11 continuously emits infrared laser through the laser emitting head 12, and the laser detector 7 receives the infrared laser through the laser receiving head 8; when there is a flatness deviation in the track slab, the laser transmission path will be deviated, and the laser detector 7 can accurately capture the deviation data. Through data processing, the flatness deviation value of the track slab can be obtained, realizing the automated, accurate and continuous measurement of the flatness of the track slab.

[0040] During use, there is no need to push it in from the end face of the track plate; it can be installed directly at any position on the rail head 3. The rail base 1, rail web 2, and rail head 3 are integrally formed, and the width of the rail base 1 is greater than the width of the rail head 3, while the width of the rail head 3 is greater than the width of the rail web 2. Align the engaging grooves 406 of the clamping side plates 401 and 402 of the two sets of splicing and clamping components 4 with the two sides of the rail head 3, respectively. Secure the clamping side plates 401 and 402 with the fastening screws 404 and connecting nuts 405. 401 is locked to the clamping side plate 402, and the rubber gasket 403 buffers the clamping force to avoid damage to the rail head 3. At this time, the 3-7 mm gap between the clamping side plate 401 and the clamping side plate 402 and the rail head 3, together with the ball bearing 409 in the circular groove 408, allows the device to roll smoothly along the rail head 3, and the ball bearing 409 fits against the rail head 3 to reduce friction loss. Subsequently, the connecting plate 5 and the laser detector 7 are fixed to a set of splicing clamping components by the fastening screw 407. 4. At the upper end, fix the connecting plate 10 and the laser emitter 11 to the upper end of another set of splicing clamping components 4, ensuring that the laser emitter 12 and the laser receiver 8 are on the same horizontal straight line; the device battery 6 supplies power to the laser detector 7, electric wheel 9, and laser emitter 11. Start the electric wheel 9, and the electric wheel 9 rolls along the bottom of the rail 1, driving the two sets of splicing clamping components 4 to move synchronously and automatically along the track without manual pushing; the laser emitter 11 continuously emits infrared laser through the laser emitter 12, and the laser detector 7 receives the infrared laser through the laser receiver 8; when there is a flatness deviation in the track slab, the laser transmission path will be offset. The laser detector 7 can accurately capture the offset data, and the flatness deviation value of the track slab can be obtained through data processing, realizing the automated, accurate, and continuous measurement of the flatness of the track slab. After the test is completed, loosen the fastening screw 404 and the connecting nut 405, and the device can be removed from the rail head 3 to complete the test operation.

[0041] A portable track slab flatness measurement method, employing the portable track slab flatness measurement device described above, includes the following steps: S1: Clamp and fix the two sets of splicing clamping components 4 at any position of the rail head 3 of the track plate, so that the engagement grooves 406 of clamping side plate 1 401 and clamping side plate 2 402 are in contact with the outside of the rail head 3, and are locked by fastening screw 1 404 and connecting nut 405. S2: Fix the connecting plate 5 and the laser detector 7 to the upper end of a set of splicing clamping components 4 by fastening screw 2 407, fix the connecting plate 2 10 and the laser emitter 11 to the upper end of another set of splicing clamping components 4, and make the laser emitter 12 and the laser receiver 8 on the same horizontal straight line. S3: Start the electric wheel 9, so that the electric wheel 9 rolls along the bottom of the rail 1, driving the two sets of splicing clamping components 4 to move synchronously and automatically along the rail; S4: Laser emitter 11 continuously emits infrared laser through laser emitting head 12, and laser detector 7 receives infrared laser through laser receiving head 8; S5: When there is a flatness deviation in the track slab, the laser transmission path is deviated. The laser detector 7 captures the deviation data, and the flatness deviation value of the track slab is obtained through data processing, thus completing the flatness measurement.

[0042] Therefore, although the invention has been described herein with reference to specific embodiments thereof, freedom of modification, various changes and substitutions are also within the scope of the foregoing disclosure, and it should be understood that in some cases, certain features of the invention may be adopted without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention and without corresponding use of other features. Thus, many modifications can be made to adapt a particular environment or material to the essential scope and spirit of the invention. The invention is not intended to be limited to the specific terminology used in the following claims and / or the specific embodiments disclosed as the best mode for carrying out the invention, but the invention will include any and all embodiments and equivalents falling within the scope of the appended claims. Therefore, the scope of the invention will be defined only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A portable track slab flatness measuring device, characterized in that, include: The rail base (1) has a rail waist (2) at its upper end and a rail head (3) at its upper end. The upper ends of the rail head (3) are provided with splicing clamping components (4) on both sides. The splicing clamping components (4) are provided in two sets. One set of the splicing clamping components (4) has a connecting plate one (5) at its upper end and a laser detector (7) at its upper end. The other set of the splicing clamping components (4) has a connecting plate two (10) at its upper end and a laser emitter (11) at its upper end. Both sets of splicing clamping components (4) have electric wheels (9) at their bottoms.

2. The portable track slab flatness measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rail base (1), rail web (2) and rail head (3) are integrally formed, and the width of the rail base (1) is greater than the width of the rail head (3), and the width of the rail head (3) is greater than the width of the rail web (2).

3. The portable track slab flatness measuring device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The splicing and clamping assembly (4) includes a clamping side plate one (401), a clamping side plate two (402), a rubber gasket (403), a fastening screw one (404), a connecting nut (405), a locking groove (406), a fastening screw two (407), a circular groove (408), and a ball (409). The clamping side plate one (401) is provided with a clamping side plate two (402) on the side. The clamping side plate one (401) and the clamping side plate two (402) are symmetrically arranged and have the same shape and structure.

4. The portable track slab flatness measuring device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The clamping side plate one (401) and clamping side plate two (402) are provided with engaging grooves (406) on opposite sides, and the shape and structure of the engaging grooves (406) match the shape and structure of the outer side of the rail head (3). The clamping side plate one (401) and clamping side plate two (402) are used to clamp and fix to the outer side of the rail head (3), but there is a gap between the inner side of the clamping side plate one (401) and clamping side plate two (402) and the outer side of the rail head (3), and the gap is 3-7 mm.

5. A portable track slab flatness measuring device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The upper ends of the clamping side plate 1 (401) and the clamping side plate 2 (402) are attached to each other, and rubber gaskets (403) are glued to the joint of the clamping side plate 1 (401) and the clamping side plate 2 (402). At least three fastening screws 1 (404) are equidistantly inserted at the joint of the clamping side plate 2 (402) and the clamping side plate 1 (401). The fastening screws 1 (404) extend into the clamping side plate 1 (401) and pass through the clamping side plate 1 (401). A connecting nut (405) is screwed to the outside of the fastening screws 1 (404) that protrude from the clamping side plate 1 (401).

6. A portable track slab flatness measuring device according to claim 5, characterized in that, Both clamping side plate one (401) and clamping side plate two (402) have a rectangular array of circular grooves (408) at the engagement groove (406), and a ball (409) is provided in the circular groove (408). The depth of the ball (409) into the circular groove (408) is greater than the radius of the ball (409), and the part of the ball (409) protruding from the circular groove (408) is in contact with the rail head (3).

7. A portable track slab flatness measuring device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The upper ends of the clamping side plate 1 (401) and clamping side plate 2 (402) are platform-shaped. The clamping side plate 1 (401) and clamping side plate 2 (402) are provided in two sets. One set of clamping side plate 1 (401) and clamping side plate 2 (402) is provided with a fastening screw 2 (407) running through the upper end longitudinally, and the fastening screw 2 (407) extends into the connecting plate 1 (5). The other set of clamping side plate 1 (401) and clamping side plate 2 (402) is also provided with a fastening screw 2 (407) running through the upper end longitudinally, and the fastening screw 2 (407) extends into the connecting plate 2 (10).

8. A portable track slab flatness measuring device according to claim 7, characterized in that, Both the first (5) and the second (10) of the connecting plate are equipped with a device battery (6), which is used to power the laser detector (7), the electric wheel (9) and the laser emitter (11). The bottom of both sets of clamping side plates 1 (401) and clamping side plates 2 (402) are equipped with electric wheels (9), and the bottom of the electric wheels (9) is in contact with the upper end of the rail bottom (1) and has contact pressure.

9. A portable track slab flatness measuring device according to claim 8, characterized in that, A laser receiver (8) is provided on one side of the laser detector (7), and a laser emitter (12) is provided on one side of the laser emitter (11). The laser receiver (8) is used to receive the infrared laser emitted by the laser emitter (12).

10. A portable method for measuring the flatness of a track slab, employing the portable track slab flatness measuring device as described in claim 9, characterized in that... Includes the following steps: S1: Clamp and fix the two sets of splicing clamping components (4) at any position on the rail head (3) of the track plate, so that the engaging grooves (406) of clamping side plate one (401) and clamping side plate two (402) fit against the outside of the rail head (3), and lock them with fastening screw one (404) and connecting nut (405). S2: Fix the connecting plate 1 (5) and the laser detector (7) to the upper end of a set of splicing clamping components (4) by fastening screw 2 (407), fix the connecting plate 2 (10) and the laser emitter (11) to the upper end of another set of splicing clamping components (4), and make the laser emitter (12) and the laser receiver (8) on the same horizontal straight line; S3: Start the electric wheel (9) so that the electric wheel (9) rolls along the bottom of the rail (1) and drives the two sets of splicing clamping components (4) to move synchronously and automatically along the track; S4: The laser emitter (11) continuously emits infrared laser through the laser emitting head (12), and the laser detector (7) receives the infrared laser through the laser receiving head (8); S5: When there is a flatness deviation in the track slab, the laser transmission path is deflected. The laser detector (7) captures the deflection data and obtains the flatness deviation value of the track slab through data processing, thus completing the flatness measurement.

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