Interface enrichment micro-nano bubble construction device and method of ring gap uniform pressure cyclone feeding

Abstract

The application discloses an interface enrichment micro-nano bubble construction device and method of ring-gap voltage equalization cyclone feeding, and belongs to the technical field of micro-nano bubble preparation and gas-liquid dispersion system construction. The device comprises a liquid supply unit, a Venturi cavitation generation unit, a gas supply unit, an interface active component supply unit, a component pre-activation unit and an output unit. The throat cavitation section is provided with a negative pressure air suction port, and the outer periphery is provided with a ring-gap type feeding structure. The ring-gap type feeding structure comprises an annular voltage equalization flow guide cavity, a circumferential spiral flow guide groove structure and an annular discharge gap. After pre-activation, voltage equalization distribution and cyclone guidance, the interface active component enters the throat negative pressure area through the annular discharge gap, and is subjected to cavitation treatment with the working liquid and the gas in the throat cavitation section, so that an interface enrichment micro-nano bubble system is formed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of micro / nano bubble preparation and gas-liquid dispersion system construction technology, and particularly to an interfacial enrichment micro / nano bubble construction device and method using annular pressure equalization swirling flow feeding. Background Technology

[0002] Micro- and nanobubbles possess characteristics such as small particle size, large specific surface area, high interfacial activity, long residence time, and high mass transfer efficiency, and have been applied in fields such as water treatment, interfacial reaction enhancement, functional material preparation, emulsification dispersion, and chemical process enhancement. In the preparation of micro- and nanobubbles via Venturi cavitation, the working fluid flows through the contraction section and throat, forming a high-speed, low-pressure flow field. Gas is drawn in under negative pressure and breaks up during cavitation, shearing, and pressure recovery processes to form micro- and nanobubbles.

[0003] Existing Venturi micro / nano bubble generators typically focus on gas intake, cavitation intensity regulation, and improved gas-liquid mixing efficiency. When constructing a micro / nano bubble system with interfacial functions, a common approach is to add interfacial active components such as surfactants, emulsions, nanoparticle dispersions, or polymer solutions to the working fluid before or after bubble formation, followed by dispersion through stirring or circulation. In this approach, the region where the interfacial active components are added is often spatially and temporally separated from the region where the nascent bubble forms, making it difficult for the interfacial active components to participate in the formation of the gas-liquid interface in the early stages of bubble formation.

[0004] Furthermore, if the interfacial active component enters the throat or the venturi front end pipe through a single-point lateral inlet, the component is prone to forming a concentration-rich region in the local flow field, resulting in uneven circumferential distribution and insufficient contact probability between the interfacial active component and the cavitation nucleus and primary bubble interface. For emulsions, nanoparticle dispersions, or polymer component systems, there may also be problems such as large droplet size, agglomeration, or high viscosity, further reducing their interfacial participation in the bubble formation process.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a construction device that can perform circumferential pressure distribution, swirling introduction, and independent synchronous introduction of interfacial active components within the cavitation region of the Venturi throat, so that the interfacial active components participate in interfacial enrichment during the bubble formation stage, thereby improving the dispersion state of the interfacial active components and the stability of the micro / nano bubble system. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide an interfacial enrichment micro / nano bubble construction device and method using annular pressure equalization cyclone feeding, in order to solve the problems of uneven circumferential distribution caused by single-point addition of interfacial active components, asynchronous addition of components with bubble formation region, insufficient interfacial enrichment efficiency, and limited system stability in the existing Venturi micro / nano bubble construction process.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows.

[0008] This invention provides an interfacial enrichment micro / nano bubble construction device with annular pressure equalization swirling feeding, comprising a liquid supply unit, a Venturi cavitation generation unit, a gas supply unit, an interfacial active component supply unit, a component pre-activation unit, and an output unit. The Venturi cavitation generation unit includes a contraction section, a throat cavitation section, and a diffusion stabilization section connected sequentially along the flow direction of the working fluid. The liquid supply unit is connected to the contraction section, and the output unit is connected to the diffusion stabilization section. A negative pressure intake port connected to the gas supply unit is provided on the side wall of the throat cavitation section, and an annular feeding structure connected to the component pre-activation unit is provided on the outer periphery of the throat cavitation section. The annular feeding structure includes an annular pressure equalization guiding cavity, a circumferential spiral guiding groove structure, and an annular discharge gap connected to the throat cavitation section. The annular pressure equalization guiding cavity is arranged circumferentially around the throat cavitation section, and the circumferential spiral guiding groove structure is connected between the annular pressure equalization guiding cavity and the annular discharge gap. The annular discharge gap and the negative pressure intake port are both connected to the negative pressure region of the throat cavitation section. Thus, the interfacial active components can complete circumferential pressure equalization and swirl guidance before entering the throat cavitation section, and enter the same negative pressure cavitation region with the gas through independent channels.

[0009] Furthermore, the annular feeding structure includes an outer sleeve fitted around the outside of the throat cavitation section and an inner sleeve forming the inner wall of the throat cavitation section, with an annular pressure equalization and guiding cavity formed between the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve. This structure facilitates the formation of a stable circumferential distribution space around the throat cavitation section and facilitates the fabrication of the annular pressure equalization and guiding cavity, the circumferential spiral guiding groove structure, and the annular discharge gap.

[0010] Furthermore, the circumferential spiral guide channel structure includes multiple oblique guide channels arranged circumferentially at intervals along the throat cavitation section. The multiple oblique guide channels have the same rotation direction and extend from the annular pressure equalization guide cavity to the annular discharge gap. After being guided by multiple oblique guide channels with the same rotation direction, the interfacial active components enter the throat cavitation section with a consistent tangential component.

[0011] Furthermore, the angle between the inclined guide channel and the axial direction of the throat cavitation section is 10° to 60°, and the depth of the inclined guide channel is 0.1 to 2 mm. By limiting the guide angle and the channel depth, the swirling guidance of the interfacial active components, flow resistance, and feed stability can be balanced.

[0012] Furthermore, the annular discharge gap is continuously arranged along the circumference of the throat cavitation section, and the width of the annular discharge gap is 0.05–2 mm. The continuous annular discharge gap allows the interfacial active components to enter the negative pressure region along the circumferential direction of the throat, reducing the local concentration enrichment caused by single-hole or a few side-hole feeding.

[0013] Furthermore, the negative pressure intake port and the annular discharge gap are spaced apart axially in the throat cavitation section, with the negative pressure intake port located downstream of the annular discharge gap. This arrangement allows the interfacial active components to first enter the throat cavitation section in a circumferentially distributed or swirling state through the annular discharge gap, and then merge with the gas introduced through the negative pressure intake port within the throat cavitation section.

[0014] Furthermore, the component pre-activation unit includes an ultrasonic activation module and a high-shear activation module arranged sequentially along the flow direction of the interfacial active components; the ultrasonic activation module operates at a frequency of 20–80 kHz, and the high-shear activation module rotates at a speed of 3000–20000 rpm. Through the tandem treatment of ultrasonic activation and high-shear activation, the degree of agglomeration or the size of the dispersed phase can be reduced before the interfacial active components enter the annular feeding structure.

[0015] Furthermore, the interfacial active component supply unit includes a liquid storage module, a temperature control module, and a flow regulation module; the liquid storage module, temperature control module, flow regulation module, component pre-activation unit, and annular gap feeding structure are sequentially connected. This supply path enables the interfacial active components to be stored, temperature regulated, flow regulated, and pre-activated before entering the throat cavitation section.

[0016] Furthermore, an adjustable throat diameter structure is provided within the throat cavitation section; the adjustable throat diameter structure includes a threaded adjusting core that moves axially along the throat cavitation section, and the threaded adjusting core has a conical adjusting part that mates with the throat cavitation section. By moving the threaded adjusting core axially, the effective flow cross-sectional area of ​​the throat cavitation section can be changed to adapt to different working fluid flow rates, gas intake rates, and rheological states of interfacial active components.

[0017] This invention also provides a method for constructing interface-enriched micro / nano bubbles using the above-mentioned device, comprising: transporting the interfacial active component from the interfacial active component supply unit to the component pre-activation unit for pre-activation treatment; transporting the working fluid from the liquid supply unit to the Venturi cavitation generation unit, so that the working fluid flows sequentially through the contraction section, the throat cavitation section and the diffusion stabilization section; after a negative pressure region is formed in the throat cavitation section, the gas is introduced into the throat cavitation section through the negative pressure intake port; the pre-activated interfacial active component is introduced into the annular pressure equalization guide cavity, and then guided by the circumferential spiral guide groove structure and introduced into the throat cavitation section through the annular discharge gap; the working fluid, gas and interfacial active component are subjected to cavitation treatment in the throat cavitation section; and the interface-enriched micro / nano bubble system is output by the output unit.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: The interfacial active components are circumferentially distributed by an annular pressure equalization guide cavity, and then enter the throat negative pressure region through an annular spiral guide groove structure and a continuous annular discharge gap, which can reduce the local concentration difference caused by single-point feeding. The interfacial active components and gas enter the throat cavitation section through independent supply channels, which facilitates the adjustment of the feeding state separately. The component pre-activation unit can improve the dispersion state of the interfacial active components before entering the annular gap feeding structure. The adjustable throat diameter structure can improve the adaptability of the device to different operating conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the interface enrichment micro / nano bubble construction device for annular pressure equalization cyclone feeding according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view and a partial structural schematic diagram of the annular gap feeding structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the annular gap feeding structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the flow direction of the interfacial active components of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustable throat diameter structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the liquid flow direction in the interface enrichment micro / nano bubble construction device of the annular pressure equalization swirling flow feeding of the present invention.

[0020] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1: Liquid supply unit; 2: Venturi cavitation generation unit; 3: Gas supply unit; 4: Interfacial active component supply unit; 5: Component pre-activation unit; 6: Output unit; 21: Contraction section; 22: Throat cavitation section; 23: Diffusion stabilization section; 24: Negative pressure intake port; 25: Annular gap feeding structure; 26: Circumferential spiral guide channel structure; 27: Adjustable throat diameter structure; 28: Annular pressure equalization guide cavity; 29: Annular discharge gap; 41: Liquid storage module; 42: Temperature control module; 43: Flow regulation module; 51: Pre-activation module. Detailed Implementation

[0021] These embodiments are provided to make the invention thorough and complete, and to fully express the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of components and steps, material composition, numerical expressions, and values ​​set forth in these embodiments should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limiting.

[0022] The embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the following embodiments are used to further explain the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Example 1 like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides an interfacial enrichment micro / nano bubble construction device with annular pressure equalization cyclone feeding, including a liquid supply unit 1, a Venturi cavitation generation unit 2, a gas supply unit 3, an interfacial active component supply unit 4, a component pre-activation unit 5, and an output unit 6. The liquid supply unit 1 can be a centrifugal pump, plunger pump, diaphragm pump, or circulating pump, and its outlet end is connected to the constriction section 21 of the Venturi cavitation generation unit 2. The working fluid can be water, saline solution, circulating treatment fluid, reaction medium solution, or other liquids capable of forming a stable flow field through the Venturi cavitation generation unit 2.

[0024] The Venturi cavitation generating unit 2 includes a contraction section 21, a throat cavitation section 22, and a diffusion stabilization section 23 connected sequentially along the flow direction of the working fluid. The contraction section 21 is used to accelerate the working fluid and form a high-speed, low-pressure flow field in the throat cavitation section 22; the throat cavitation section 22 is used for gas intake, introduction of interfacial active components, and cavitation treatment; the diffusion stabilization section 23 is used to partially restore the pressure of the mixed system and output the formed interfacial enriched micro / nano bubble system to the output unit 6.

[0025] The gas supply unit 3 is connected to the negative pressure intake port 24 located on the side wall of the throat cavitation section 22. The gas supply unit 3 can be an air connecting pipe, a gas cylinder, a gas buffer tank, or a gas supply line with a flow meter. The gas can be air, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, ozone, or a mixture thereof. The negative pressure intake port 24 is located in the negative pressure area of ​​the throat cavitation section 22, so that the gas is drawn in when the working fluid flows through the throat.

[0026] Example 2 like Figure 2 As shown, the annular gap feeding structure 25 is disposed on the outer periphery of the throat cavitation section 22 and is connected to the component pre-activation unit 5. The annular gap feeding structure 25 includes an annular pressure equalization guiding cavity 28, a circumferential spiral guiding groove structure 26, and an annular discharge gap. The annular pressure equalization guiding cavity 28 is continuously arranged around the circumference of the throat cavitation section 22, its inlet is connected to the component pre-activation unit 5, and its outlet side is connected to the circumferential spiral guiding groove structure 26.

[0027] Specifically, the annular feeding structure 25 may include an outer sleeve fitted around the outside of the throat cavitation section 22 and an inner sleeve forming the inner wall of the throat cavitation section 22. An annular pressure equalization and guiding cavity 28 is formed between the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve. After the interfacial active components enter the annular pressure equalization and guiding cavity 28 from one or more inlets, they undergo buffering and circumferential distribution within the annular space, and then enter the circumferential spiral guiding groove structure 26.

[0028] The circumferential spiral guide channel structure 26 can be composed of multiple oblique guide channels arranged circumferentially at intervals along the throat cavitation section 22. The multiple oblique guide channels have the same spiral direction and extend from the annular pressure equalization guide cavity 28 to the annular discharge gap. The included angle between the oblique guide channels and the axial direction of the throat cavitation section 22 can be 10° to 60°, preferably 20° to 45°; the channel depth of the oblique guide channels can be 0.1 to 2 mm, preferably 0.2 to 1 mm.

[0029] The annular discharge gap is continuously arranged along the circumference of the throat cavitation section 22 and communicates with the negative pressure area of ​​the throat cavitation section 22. The width of the annular discharge gap can be 0.05 to 2 mm, preferably 0.1 to 0.8 mm. Through the annular discharge gap, the interfacial active components can continuously enter the throat cavitation section 22 along the circumference of the throat, instead of entering only through a single side hole.

[0030] In this embodiment, the negative pressure intake port 24 and the annular discharge gap are spaced apart axially in the throat cavitation section 22, and the negative pressure intake port 24 is located downstream of the annular discharge gap. Thus, the interfacial active component can first enter circumferentially through the annular discharge gap and form an annular thin layer or a swirling entry state, and then contact the gas and working fluid entering through the negative pressure intake port 24 in the negative pressure region of the throat for cavitation treatment.

[0031] Example 3 like Figure 3 As shown, the interfacial active component supply unit 4 includes a liquid storage module 41, a temperature control module 42, and a flow regulation module 43. The liquid storage module 41 stores the interfacial active component. The interfacial active component can be a surfactant solution, emulsion, nanoparticle dispersion, polymer solution, solution containing a catalytic component, or a combination thereof. The temperature control module 42 may include a heating mantle, a constant temperature water bath, a heat exchanger, or a temperature-controlled jacket, used to adjust the interfacial active component to a suitable delivery temperature range. The flow regulation module 43 may include a metering pump, a needle valve, a flow meter, a mass flow controller, or a combination thereof.

[0032] The component pre-activation unit 5 is disposed between the interfacial active component supply unit 4 and the annular gap feeding structure 25. The component pre-activation unit 5 may include a pre-activation module 51, which may be one or more of the following: ultrasonic activation module, high shear activation module, pre-emulsification module, microfluidic module, electric field activation module, and thermal activation module.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment, the component pre-activation unit 5 includes an ultrasonic activation module and a high-shear activation module arranged sequentially along the flow direction of the interfacial active components. The ultrasonic activation module operates at a frequency of 20–80 kHz, and the high-shear activation module rotates at a speed of 3000–20000 rpm. After ultrasonic treatment, the degree of aggregation of the interfacial active components can be reduced; after high-shear treatment, the size of droplets or dispersed phases can be further reduced.

[0034] In another embodiment, the component pre-activation unit 5 further includes an electric field activation module, the electric field strength of which can be 0.1–10 kV / m. The electric field activation module can be located after the ultrasonic activation module and the high-shear activation module, or between the two, and is used to adjust the dispersion state or electrical state of the interfacial active component system.

[0035] Example 4 refer to Figure 5 An adjustable throat diameter structure 27 can be provided within the throat cavitation section 22. The adjustable throat diameter structure 27 includes a threaded adjusting core that moves axially along the throat cavitation section 22. The threaded adjusting core has a tapered adjusting portion that mates with the throat cavitation section 22. When the threaded adjusting core is rotated, it moves axially, and the effective flow cross-sectional area between the tapered adjusting portion and the throat cavitation section 22 changes.

[0036] In practical implementation, the axial movement of the threaded adjusting core can be 0.5–10 mm, and the effective throat diameter can be adjusted within the range of 1–10 mm. For lower viscosity interfacial active components, a smaller throat diameter can be used to increase the local flow rate and negative pressure intensity; for higher viscosity interfacial active components, the effective throat diameter can be appropriately increased to reduce the risk of clogging and maintain stable feeding.

[0037] Example 5 like Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, when constructing an interface-enriched micro / nano bubble system using the above-described device, the interfacial active component is first introduced into the interfacial active component supply unit 4, and its temperature and flow rate are adjusted by the temperature control module 42 and the flow rate adjustment module 43. The interfacial active component then enters the component pre-activation unit 5, where it undergoes pre-activation treatments such as ultrasonication, high shear, electric field, pre-emulsification, or microfluidization.

[0038] The working fluid is supplied from the liquid supply unit 1 to the Venturi cavitation generating unit 2, and flows sequentially through the contraction section 21, the throat cavitation section 22, and the diffusion stabilization section 23. After passing through the contraction section 21, the working fluid velocity increases, forming a negative pressure region in the throat cavitation section 22. Gas enters the throat cavitation section 22 through the negative pressure intake port 24. The pre-activated interfacial active components enter the annular pressure equalization guiding cavity 28, and after circumferential distribution in the annular pressure equalization guiding cavity 28, they enter the circumferential spiral guiding groove structure 26, and then enter the throat cavitation section 22 through the annular discharge gap.

[0039] Within the throat cavitation section 22, the working fluid, gas, and interfacial active components are simultaneously subjected to high-speed shearing and cavitation environments. Under the influence of cavitation, shearing, and pressure changes, the gas forms micro / nano bubbles. During bubble formation, the interfacial active components come into contact with the interface of the nascent bubbles and accumulate at the gas-liquid interface, forming an interface-enriched micro / nano bubble system. This system is then transported to the diffusion stabilization section 23 through the bottom outlet, and after stabilization, it is output by the output unit 6.

[0040] Example 6 In one specific embodiment, the working fluid is water, and the inlet pressure of the liquid supply unit 1 is 0.10–0.50 MPa, preferably 0.15–0.35 MPa. The air supply unit 3 supplies air to the negative pressure suction port 24 at a flow rate of 0.1–2 L / min. The interfacial active component is an anionic surfactant solution, a nonionic surfactant solution, or a compound surfactant solution with a mass fraction of 0.01–0.5 wt%. The temperature control module 42 controls the temperature of the interfacial active component to be 20–60 °C.

[0041] In another specific embodiment, the interfacial active component is a nanoparticle dispersion, and the nanoparticles can be silica, alumina, titanium dioxide, carbon materials, or catalytically active particles. Before entering the annular feeding structure 25, the nanoparticle dispersion is first treated by an ultrasonic activation module and a high-shear activation module to reduce agglomeration and improve the flow stability through the annular discharge gap.

[0042] Example 7 The annular pressure equalizing and guiding cavity 28 of the present invention can be a circular annular cavity or an approximately annular cavity formed by connecting multiple arc-shaped cavities end to end. The circumferential spiral guiding groove structure 26 can be an oblique groove formed on the outer wall of the inner sleeve, an oblique groove formed on the inner wall of the outer sleeve, or an oblique channel formed by the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve together.

[0043] The negative pressure intake port 24 can be a single lateral intake port or multiple intake holes arranged circumferentially along the throat cavitation section 22. These intake holes can communicate with the annular air chamber of the air supply unit 3. The annular discharge gap can be located upstream of the negative pressure intake port 24, or, depending on the operating conditions, adjacent to the negative pressure intake port 24, as long as it can communicate with the negative pressure region of the throat cavitation section 22 and allow the interfacial active components to enter the throat cavitation section 22 after annular pressure equalization and swirling guidance.

[0044] The component pre-activation unit 5 can be selected according to the type of interfacial active component. For surfactant solutions, ultrasonic activation or high-shear activation can be used; for emulsions, a combination of pre-emulsification and high-shear activation can be used; for nanoparticle dispersions, a combination of ultrasonic activation, high-shear activation, and electric field activation can be used; for polymer solutions with high viscosity, a combination of temperature control and low-intensity shear activation can be used.

[0045] Example 8 The interfacial enrichment micro / nano bubble system constructed in this invention can be applied to water treatment, pollutant oxidation, interfacial reaction enhancement, micro / nano bubble flotation, emulsification dispersion, nanoparticle interfacial assembly, catalytic reaction enhancement, and functional material preparation. Depending on the application scenario, the type of gas supplied by gas supply unit 3 and the type of interfacial active components can be adjusted.

[0046] Comparative Example 1 To verify the technical effects of this invention, the following comparative experiments can be set up. Comparative group one uses a conventional Venturi micro / nano bubble generator, introducing only the working fluid and gas, without a structure for the simultaneous introduction of interfacial active components. Comparative group two uses a method of first generating bubbles and then adding interfacial active components; that is, micro / nano bubbles are first prepared using a Venturi cavitation device, and then the interfacial active components are added to the system for mixing. In this embodiment of the invention, the aforementioned annular pressure equalizing cyclone feeding device is used, allowing the pre-activated interfacial active components to enter the throat cavitation section through the annular pressure equalizing guide cavity, the circumferential spiral guide groove structure, and the annular discharge gap, and to participate in cavitation treatment simultaneously with the gas within the throat cavitation region.

[0047] The test conditions were: working fluid inlet pressure 0.25 MPa, air flow rate 0.5 L / min, interfacial active component concentration 0.05 wt%, and test temperature 25 ± 2 °C. The obtained system was characterized using a nanoparticle tracking analyzer, a dynamic light scattering particle size analyzer, a zeta potential analyzer, and a surface tension meter.

[0048] Table 1 Comparison of the performance of interfacial loaded micro / nano bubbles under different construction methods

[0049] As shown in Table 1, compared with conventional cavitation bubble formation methods and methods that add interfacial active components after bubble formation, the system obtained by this invention has a higher bubble concentration, lower surface tension, larger absolute value of zeta potential, and longer stabilization time. These results indicate that the interfacial active components, after pre-activation, annular pressure equalization, and swirling annular gap feeding, enter the throat cavitation region, which is beneficial for their participation in the gas-liquid interface construction during bubble formation.

[0050] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, equivalent substitutions or modifications can be made to the various structures, materials, dimensions, flow channel forms, and connection forms without departing from the concept of the present invention, and all such equivalent substitutions or modifications should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0051] It should be noted that, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0052] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this invention do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different parts. "Vertical" is not strictly vertical, but within the permissible range of error. "Parallel" is not strictly parallel, but within the permissible range of error. Terms such as "including" or "comprising" mean that the element preceding the word encompasses the element listed after the word, and do not exclude the possibility of encompassing other elements as well.

[0053] It should also be noted that, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention depending on the specific circumstances. When a specific device is described as being located between a first device and a second device, an intermediary device may or may not be present between the specific device and the first or second device.

[0054] All terms used in this invention have the same meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains, unless otherwise specifically defined. It should also be understood that terms defined in general dictionaries should be interpreted as having meanings consistent with their meanings in the context of the relevant art, and not as idealized or highly formalized, unless expressly defined herein.

[0055] Techniques, methods, and equipment known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, they should be considered part of the specification.

[0056] While specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail by way of examples, those skilled in the art should understand that the above examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can be made to the above embodiments or equivalent substitutions can be made to some technical features without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any manner.

Claims

1. A device for constructing interfacial enrichment micro / nano bubbles using annular gap pressure equalization cyclone feeding, characterized in that, It includes a liquid supply unit (1), a Venturi cavitation generation unit (2), a gas supply unit (3), an interfacial active component supply unit (4), a component pre-activation unit (5), and an output unit (6). The Venturi cavitation generating unit (2) includes a contraction section (21), a throat cavitation section (22), and a diffusion stabilization section (23) that are connected sequentially along the flow direction of the working fluid. The liquid supply unit (1) is connected to the contraction section (21), and the output unit (6) is connected to the diffusion stabilization section (23); The top of the throat cavitation section (22) is provided with a negative pressure air intake (24) that is connected to the air supply unit (3). The throat cavitation section (22) is provided with an annular gap feeding structure (25), which is connected to the component pre-activation unit (5). The annular feeding structure (25) includes an annular pressure equalization guide cavity (28), a circumferential spiral guide groove structure (26), and an annular discharge gap (29) connected to the throat cavitation section (22). The annular pressure equalization guide cavity (28) is arranged around the circumference of the throat cavitation section (22); The circumferential spiral guide channel structure (26) is distributed in the annular pressure equalization guide cavity (28) and connected to the annular discharge gap (29). The component pre-activation unit (5) is disposed between the interfacial active component supply unit (4) and the annular gap feeding structure (25); The annular discharge gap (29) and the negative pressure intake port (24) are both connected to the negative pressure area of ​​the throat cavitation section (22).

2. The interface enrichment micro / nano bubble construction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular feeding structure (25) includes an outer sleeve fitted on the outside of the throat cavitation section (22) and an inner sleeve forming the inner wall of the throat cavitation section (22); the annular pressure equalization guide cavity (28) is formed between the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve.

3. The interface enrichment micro / nano bubble construction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circumferential spiral guide channel structure (26) includes multiple oblique guide channels arranged circumferentially along the throat cavitation section (22); the multiple oblique guide channels have the same spiral direction and all extend to the annular discharge gap (29).

4. The interface enrichment micro / nano bubble construction device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The angle between the inclined guide channel and the axial direction of the throat cavitation section (22) is 10° to 60°; the depth of the inclined guide channel is 0.1 to 2 mm.

5. The interface enrichment micro / nano bubble construction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular discharge gap is continuously arranged along the circumference of the throat cavitation section (22); the width of the annular discharge gap is 0.05 to 2 mm.

6. The interface enrichment micro / nano bubble construction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The negative pressure intake port (24) and the annular discharge gap are spaced apart axially in the throat cavitation section (22); the negative pressure intake port (24) is located on the downstream side of the annular discharge gap.

7. The interface enrichment micro / nano bubble construction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The component pre-activation unit (5) includes an ultrasonic activation module and a high-shear activation module arranged sequentially along the flow direction of the interfacial active components; the working frequency of the ultrasonic activation module is 20 to 80 kHz; and the rotation speed of the high-shear activation module is 3000 to 20000 rpm.

8. The interface enrichment micro / nano bubble construction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The interface active component supply unit (4) includes a liquid storage module (41), a temperature control module (42), and a flow regulation module (43); the liquid storage module (41), the temperature control module (42), the flow regulation module (43), the component pre-activation unit (5), and the annular gap feeding structure (25) are connected in sequence.

9. The interface enrichment micro / nano bubble construction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An adjustable throat diameter structure (27) is provided inside the throat cavitation section (22); the adjustable throat diameter structure (27) includes a threaded adjusting core that moves axially along the throat cavitation section (22); the threaded adjusting core has a tapered adjusting part that cooperates with the throat cavitation section (22).

10. A method for constructing interfacial enrichment of micro / nano bubbles using the apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The surfactant component is transported from the surfactant component supply unit (4) to the component pre-activation unit (5) and pre-activation is performed in the component pre-activation unit (5); The working fluid is delivered from the supply unit (1) to the Venturi cavitation generating unit (2), so that the working fluid flows sequentially through the contraction section (21), the throat cavitation section (22) and the diffusion stabilization section (23). After a negative pressure region is formed in the throat cavitation section (22), the gas is allowed to enter the throat cavitation section (22) through the negative pressure intake port (24). The pre-activated interfacial active components are introduced into the annular pressure equalization guide cavity (28), and then guided by the circumferential spiral guide groove structure (26) and enter the throat cavitation section (22) through the annular discharge gap. The working fluid, gas and interfacial active components are cavitated in the throat cavitation section (22); The micro-nano bubble system is enriched at the output interface of the output unit (6).

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