A floor type boring machine for processing coaxiality of outer winding drum

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of boring machines, in particular to a floor type boring machine for processing coaxiality of an outer drum. The floor type boring machine for processing coaxiality of an outer drum comprises a bed body, a clamping frame, a moving installation on the bed body, shaft boxes which are installed on the bed body and the clamping frame and have the same height, main shafts which are rotatably installed in the two shaft boxes and are driven by servo motors, first clamps which are fixedly installed on the main shafts corresponding to the clamping frame, a drum body which is clamped on the first clamps, a cutter disc holder which is installed on the main shafts corresponding to the bed body, two milling arms and two supporting arms which are movably installed on the cutter disc holder, a milling cutter head and a first sensor which are fixedly installed at the end of the milling arms, and supporting steel balls which are arrayed at the front of the supporting arms and adjusting lead screws which are rotatably installed at the rear of the supporting arms. The application has the beneficial effect that through the structural layout and the collaborative control mechanism, the problem that the coaxiality of the inner and outer walls of a long drum type workpiece is difficult to guarantee is effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of boring machine technology, specifically to a floor-type boring machine for machining the coaxiality of an external drum. Background Technology

[0002] Large drum and roller-like workpieces are core components in heavy equipment such as metallurgy, port hoisting, and papermaking. The machining accuracy of their inner and outer walls, especially the high coaxiality between the inner and outer walls, directly determines the equipment's operational stability, load-bearing capacity, and service life. Floor-type boring machines are key equipment for completing the machining of keyways, inner holes, and other processes on such workpieces.

[0003] In the prior art, patent document CN116037979A discloses a horizontal boring machine for machining cylindrical workpieces. This horizontal boring machine, equipped with a laser radio frequency unit, can solve the problem that existing horizontal boring machines cannot correct the circular runout or total runout of cylindrical workpieces during machining, thus improving the machining quality of cylindrical workpieces. However, the above technical solution still has the following technical problems in practical use: In existing technologies, the reference for internal hole machining (boring) usually relies on the rotation center line of the boring machine spindle, while external diameter machining (milling or turning) requires another independent tool system or even another machine tool. The motion reference and the internal machining reference are physically and in the control system. Even with initial alignment using high-precision fixtures, during the machining process, due to the different thermal deformation, mechanical clearance, and stress deformation of the two independent systems, their respective "reference axes" will drift in a way that is difficult to synchronize completely. This results in deviations in the axes of the inner and outer walls after machining. Furthermore, the internal boring tools and external milling tools of existing equipment are usually mounted on independent slides or slides. The relative positional relationship between them lacks rigid mechanical coupling constraints. The synchronous interpolation commands of the CNC system alone are insufficient to eliminate the slight asynchrony caused by transmission chain errors and elastic deformation, thus leaving coaxiality errors on the machined surface. Based on this, the present invention provides a floor-type boring machine for machining the coaxiality of an external drum to solve the problems mentioned in the background art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention addresses the technical problems existing in the prior art by providing a floor-type boring machine for coaxial machining of external drums. This solves the problem that the structural layout of existing boring machines cannot achieve synchronous and coaxial cutting of the inner and outer walls of the workpiece under a unified machining datum, and ensure the coaxiality of the inner and outer walls of the workpiece after machining.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: a floor-type boring machine for coaxial machining of external drums, including a bed; A clamping frame is movably mounted on the bed. A shaft box is lifted and installed on both the bed and the clamping frame, and the two shaft boxes are at the same height. A spindle driven by a servo motor is rotatably installed in each of the two shaft boxes. A first clamp is fixedly installed on the spindle corresponding to the clamping frame. A drum body is clamped on the first clamp. A tool holder is installed on the spindle corresponding to the bed. Two milling arms and two support arms are movably mounted on the cutter head holder. A milling cutter head and a first sensor are fixedly mounted at the end of the milling arm. A support steel ball is arrayed at the front of the support arm and an adjusting screw is rotatably mounted at the rear. An outer polishing seat is rotatably mounted at the end of the adjusting screw and is slidably connected to the support arm. A second fixture is fixedly installed on the tool holder, and a boring bar is clamped on the second fixture. A boring frame is fixedly installed on the end of the boring bar. Two inner boring seats and two inner polishing seats are slidably connected to the boring frame in the radial direction. A traction rod is provided on the inner side of the boring bar. A synchronous drive assembly is provided on the traction rod to synchronously adjust the distance between the inner boring seats and the inner polishing seats and the axis of the tool holder. An inner boring tool and a second sensor are fixedly installed on each of the two inner boring seats. The calibration base is fixedly installed at the end of the traction rod. The calibration base is equipped with a laser centering component. An industrial camera and a third sensor are fixedly installed on the two sides of the calibration base, respectively. The material loading mechanism is used to convey and position the roll body; The central control unit is fixedly installed on the bed, and the data terminals of the first, second, and third sensors are all connected to the central control unit for communication.

[0006] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can be further improved as follows.

[0007] Optionally, a hydraulic push cylinder is fixedly installed on the bed, the movable output end of the hydraulic push cylinder is fixedly connected to the clamping frame, the axis of the hydraulic push cylinder is parallel to the axis of the spindle, and vertically arranged lead screw lifting modules are fixedly installed on both the bed and the clamping frame. The two lead screw lifting modules are respectively connected to two axle boxes for transmission. A synchronous connecting arm is fixedly installed on the back of one axle box, and the synchronous connecting arm is slidably connected to the other axle box.

[0008] Optionally, a first channel is provided at the axial position of both spindles, and both ends of the first channel are open.

[0009] Optionally, the signal transmission axes of the first, second, and third sensors are all perpendicular to the axis of the drum body. The first sensor is located behind the milling cutter head in the axial feed direction and its detection end faces the outer wall of the drum body. The second sensor is located behind the internal boring tool in the axial feed direction and its detection end faces the inner wall of the drum body. The calibration seat is located in front of the internal boring tool in the feed direction. The outer polishing seat is located behind the milling cutter head in the axial feed direction and is in contact with the outer wall of the drum body. The inner polishing seat is located behind the internal boring tool in the axial feed direction and is in contact with the inner wall of the drum body.

[0010] Optionally, the synchronous drive assembly includes an adjusting push cylinder, which is fixedly mounted on the axle box at the bed. A transmission plate is fixedly mounted on the movable output end of the adjusting push cylinder. The transmission plate is fixedly connected to the traction rod. A second channel is opened at the axis position of the boring spindle for the traction rod to pass through. A drive ring is rotatably mounted on the traction rod via a bearing. Connecting arms are hinged between the two inner boring seats and the two inner polishing seats and the drive ring.

[0011] Optionally, the laser alignment assembly includes a laser fixedly mounted on a calibration mount and a PSD sensor fixedly mounted on a shaft box at the clamping frame. The laser and the PSD sensor are arranged opposite each other, and both the laser and the PSD sensor are coaxial with the spindle. The data output terminals of both the laser and the PSD sensor are communicatively connected to the central control host.

[0012] Optionally, it also includes a material loading mechanism, which includes a linear transmission module fixedly mounted on the bed, a moving arm drivenly connected to the linear transmission module, a rotary platform fixedly mounted on the moving arm, a material support seat mounted on the rotary output end of the rotary platform, and a guide rail groove provided on the bed, the guide rail groove being drivenly connected to the moving arm.

[0013] Optionally, it also includes a water-cooled box fixedly installed on the bed and a chip collection box slidably connected to the bed. The water-cooled box is equipped with two pump bodies. The liquid outlet of one pump body is connected to an external spray pipe, and the liquid outlet of the other pump body is connected to a pump fluid hose. A pump fluid flow channel is opened at the axis position of the traction rod. The other end of the pump fluid hose is fixedly connected to the pump fluid flow channel. An internal spray pipe is fixedly installed on the traction rod at the position corresponding to the drive ring and the calibration seat. The internal spray pipe is located below the axis of the traction rod, and the tail end of the internal spray pipe is connected to the pump fluid flow channel.

[0014] Optionally, synchronous bevel gears are fixedly installed on both the output shaft and the main shaft of the servo motor, and the two synchronous bevel gears mesh orthogonally.

[0015] Optionally, four transmission screws are rotatably mounted on the cutter head holder. The four transmission screws are arranged in an array on the cutter head holder. The four transmission screws are respectively connected to two support arms and two milling arms. A transmission handle is fixedly mounted at the end of each transmission screw, and the axis of the transmission screw is perpendicular to the axis of the cutter head holder.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. This invention effectively solves the problem of difficulty in ensuring coaxiality of the inner and outer walls of long cylindrical workpieces through structural layout and collaborative control mechanism. The equipment adopts a design of mechanical linkage and synchronous lifting of the spindle boxes at both ends, providing a high-precision unified rotation reference for the workpiece. In addition, this device integrates the outer wall milling tool and the inner wall boring tool into the same tool holder system and is configured to feed synchronously in the same radial plane. This design realizes the simultaneous forming of the inner and outer walls from the processing principle, reduces the axial deviation caused by secondary clamping or reference conversion in the sequential processing, and is conducive to obtaining higher inner and outer roundness and concentricity in continuous processing in one clamping, which is fundamentally different from the existing sequential and separate processing methods.

[0017] 2. This invention constructs an intelligent collaborative operation system integrating machining, measurement, and polishing. Through sensors arranged closely following the cutting tool, it performs online real-time detection and feeds the data back to the central control host, realizing real-time monitoring of machining quality and dynamic adaptation of process parameters. At the same time, the automatic loading and unloading and workpiece flipping functions of the loading mechanism, the built-in cooling system, and the polishing unit following the cutting are all efficiently linked with the core machining actions. This integration and closed-loop control of multiple processes not only improves the continuity and automation level of the machining process and reduces auxiliary time, but also improves the overall machining efficiency and process stability through the synergistic effect of various functional modules, while ensuring the aforementioned coaxiality accuracy.

[0018] 3. This invention, through the mechanical linkage (such as synchronous linkage) between the clamping frame spindle and the tool holder spindle, forcibly ensures that the axis driving the workpiece rotation and the axis driving all internal and external machining units are the same theoretical axis. All machining movements use this axis as the sole spatial reference, which can reduce systematic errors caused by reference conversion or different axes. The external wall milling, internal wall boring, internal and external wall polishing, and online measurement function modules are all integrated on the tool holder and its associated boring machine, realizing the completion of all key processes in one clamping, avoiding positioning errors caused by multiple clamping. The symmetrically arranged external milling cutter and internal boring cutter can cancel or weaken the radial cutting forces generated during machining. This real-time force balance mechanism can suppress the vibration and elastic deformation of the workpiece, tool, and machine tool system, providing dynamic stability guarantee for high-precision machining. The internal and external wall materials are cut and removed synchronously at the same axial position, making the stress release and thermal deformation process of the workpiece more uniform and consistent, reducing stress redistribution deformation caused by the machining sequence, thereby better maintaining the original concentric state of the inner and outer circles of the workpiece. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a floor-type boring machine for machining the coaxiality of an external drum according to the present invention; Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 A structural diagram from another perspective; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lead screw lifting module and PSD sensor of the present invention; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 A structural diagram from another perspective; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the external spray pipe and the boring bar of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the drive ring and connecting arm of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the pump hose and transmission plate of the present invention; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure; Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 8 A magnified schematic diagram of the local structure at point A; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tool holder and spindle of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the support arm and support steel ball of the present invention.

[0020] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows: 1. Bed; 2. Clamping frame; 3. Spindle box; 4. Servo motor; 5. Spindle; 6. First fixture; 7. Drum body; 8. Tool holder; 9. Milling arm; 10. Support arm; 11. Milling cutter head; 12. First sensor; 13. Support steel ball; 14. Adjusting screw; 15. Outer polishing seat; 16. Second fixture; 17. Boring spindle; 18. Boring head; 19. Inner boring seat; 20. Inner polishing seat; 21. Inner boring tool; 22. Second sensor; 23. Calibration seat; 24. Industrial camera; 25. 26. Third sensor; 27. Central control unit; 28. Hydraulic push cylinder; 29. ​​Screw lifting module; 30. Synchronous connecting arm; 31. Adjusting push cylinder; 32. Transmission plate; 33. Drive ring; 34. Connecting arm; 35. Laser; 36. PSD sensor; 37. Linear transmission module; 38. Shifting arm; 39. Rotary platform; 40. Material support seat; 41. Water cooling box; 42. Chip collection box; 43. Pump fluid hose; 44. External spray pipe; 45. Internal spray pipe; 46. Transmission screw; 47. Traction rod. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0022] The present invention provides the following preferred embodiments. like Figure 1-11 As shown, a floor-type boring machine for coaxial machining of external drums includes a bed 1; The clamping frame 2 is movably mounted on the bed 1. Both the bed 1 and the clamping frame 2 are equipped with shaft boxes 3, and the heights of the two shaft boxes 3 are consistent. The spindle 5 driven by the servo motor 4 is rotatably mounted inside the two shaft boxes 3. Synchronous bevel gears are fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the servo motor 4 and on the spindle 5. The two synchronous bevel gears are orthogonally meshed. The first clamp 6 is fixedly mounted on the spindle 5 corresponding to the clamping frame 2. The first clamp 6 clamps the drum body 7. The tool turret 8 is mounted on the spindle 5 corresponding to the bed 1. In this embodiment, a hydraulic push cylinder 27 is fixedly installed on the bed 1. The movable output end of the hydraulic push cylinder 27 is fixedly connected to the clamping frame 2. The axis of the hydraulic push cylinder 27 is parallel to the axis of the spindle 5. Vertically arranged lead screw lifting modules 28 are fixedly installed on both the bed 1 and the clamping frame 2. The two lead screw lifting modules 28 are respectively connected to the two shaft boxes 3. A synchronous connecting arm 29 is fixedly installed on the back of one shaft box 3. The synchronous connecting arm 29 is slidably connected to the other shaft box 3. During operation, the drum body 7 is first transported to the position by the material loading mechanism, and then clamped and fixed from the inner wall of the drum body 7 by the first clamp 6 on one side of the clamping frame 2. When machining is started, the hydraulic pusher cylinder 27 on the bed 1 pushes the entire clamping frame 2 and the drum body 7 on it to feed smoothly towards the other side of the spindle box 3, which is equipped with the tool holder 8 and the boring tool, in a direction parallel to the axis of the spindle 5. The two axle boxes 3 are height-adjusted by the screw lifting module 28 and mechanically connected by the synchronous connecting arm 29 to ensure that the two maintain consistent height and linkage during the lifting process.

[0023] The mechanical synchronous connecting arm 29 physically guarantees the concentricity of the two main spindle boxes 5, laying a high-precision benchmark for subsequent synchronous machining of the inner and outer walls, reducing axial deviation caused by asynchronous support on both sides, and enhancing system rigidity. Two milling arms 9 and two support arms 10 are movably mounted on the cutter head holder 8; The milling arm 9 is positioned vertically on the cutter head holder 8, and the two support arms 10 are positioned horizontally on the cutter head holder 8. Four transmission screws 45 are rotatably mounted on the cutter head holder 8. The four transmission screws 45 are arranged in an array on the cutter head holder 8. The four transmission screws 45 are respectively connected to two support arms 10 and two milling arms 9. A transmission handle is fixedly installed at the end of the transmission screw 45, and the axis of the transmission screw 45 is perpendicular to the axis of the cutter head holder 8. The end of the milling arm 9 is fixedly mounted with a milling cutter head 11 and a first sensor 12. The front part of the support arm 10 is arrayed with support steel balls 13 and the rear part is rotatably mounted with an adjusting screw 14. The end of the adjusting screw 14 is rotatably mounted with an outer polishing seat 15, which is slidably connected to the support arm 10. In a preferred embodiment, the support steel ball 13 is mounted on the front of the support arm 10 by a ball-and-socket structure array, and the support steel ball 13 partially protrudes from the surface of the support arm 10 and rolls in contact with the outer wall of the drum body 7. The axis of the adjusting screw 14 is perpendicular to the axis of the drum body 7. By driving the adjusting screw 14, the contact pressure between the outer polishing seat 15 and the outer wall of the drum body 7 is adjusted. The outer polishing seat 15 has an arc-shaped structure, and its corresponding central angle is 50°; A second clamp 16 is fixedly installed on the tool holder 8. A boring bar 17 is clamped on the second clamp 16. A boring frame 18 is fixedly installed on the end of the boring bar 17. Two inner boring seats 19 and two inner polishing seats 20 are slidably connected to the boring frame 18 in the radial direction. Two inner boring seats 19 are arranged in the vertical direction of the boring bar 18, and two inner polishing seats 20 are arranged in the horizontal direction of the boring bar 18. Polishing brush bristles are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the outer polishing seat 15 and the outer wall of the inner polishing seat 20. An internal boring tool 21 and a second sensor 22 are fixedly mounted on each of the two internal boring seats 19; The above layout achieves integrated and symmetrical deployment of machining tools inside and outside the drum body 7; The symmetrically arranged internal boring tools 21 can balance the radial force during machining, reducing vibration and deformation; The independently adjustable arm structure allows the equipment to adapt to drum bodies of different diameters 7, making adjustments flexible; The external milling, external support, and polishing functions are integrated with the internal boring and internal polishing functions on the tool holder 8 and the boring holder 18, creating the structural conditions for synchronous and coaxial machining of the inner and outer walls; The inner side of the boring bar 17 is provided with a traction rod 46, and the traction rod 46 is provided with a synchronous drive assembly. The synchronous drive assembly is configured to synchronously adjust the distance between the inner boring seat 19 and the inner polishing seat 20 and the axis of the tool holder 8. The synchronous drive assembly includes an adjusting push cylinder 30, which is fixedly installed on the shaft box 3 at the bed 1. A transmission plate 31 is fixedly installed on the movable output end of the adjusting push cylinder 30. The transmission plate 31 is fixedly connected to the traction rod 46. A second channel is opened at the axis position of the boring spindle 17 for the traction rod 46 to pass through. A drive ring 32 is rotatably installed on the traction rod 46 through a bearing. A connecting arm 33 is hinged between the two inner boring seats 19 and the two inner polishing seats 20 and the drive ring 32. When it is necessary to adjust the radial machining position of the inner boring bar 21 and the inner polishing seat 20, the push cylinder 30 is adjusted to drive the traction rod 46 to move along the axis through the transmission plate 31. The drive ring 32 on the traction rod 46 moves axially, and then, through the multiple connecting arms 33 articulated therewith, simultaneously pushes the two inner boring seats 19 and the two inner polishing seats 20 to make radial opening or closing movements on the slide rail of the boring frame 18. The calibration base 23 is fixedly installed at the end of the traction rod 46. The calibration base 23 is equipped with a laser centering component. An industrial camera 24 and a third sensor 25 are fixedly installed on the two sides of the calibration base 23, respectively. The central control host 26 is fixedly installed on the bed 1. The data terminals of the first sensor 12, the second sensor 22 and the third sensor 25 are all connected to the central control host 26 for communication. The industrial camera 24 is used to acquire images of the initial state of the inner wall of the roll body 7 before processing, assisting the central control host 26 in coarse positioning of the workpiece and defect pre-inspection, and providing a visual reference for subsequent high-precision centering and processing. The laser alignment component includes a laser 34 fixedly mounted on the calibration base 23 and a PSD sensor 35 fixedly mounted on the axle box 3 at the clamping frame 2. The laser 34 and the PSD sensor 35 are arranged facing each other. Both the laser 34 and the PSD sensor 35 are coaxially arranged with the spindle 5. The data output terminals of both the laser 34 and the PSD sensor 35 are connected to the central control host 26 for communication.

[0024] A first channel is provided at the axis position of both main shafts 5, and both ends of the first channel are open.

[0025] Laser 34 emits a laser beam, which passes through the first channel and the main shaft 5 before irradiating the PSD sensor 35. The PSD sensor 35 detects the position offset of the laser spot and transmits it to the central control host 26. The signal transmission axes of the first sensor 12, the second sensor 22, and the third sensor 25 are all perpendicular to the axis of the drum body 7. The first sensor 12 is located behind the milling cutter head 11 in the axial feed direction and its detection end faces the outer wall of the drum body 7. The second sensor 22 is located behind the inner boring tool 21 in the axial feed direction and its detection end faces the inner wall of the drum body 7. The calibration seat 23 is located in front of the inner boring tool 21 in the feed direction. The outer polishing seat 15 is located behind the milling cutter head 11 in the axial feed direction and is in contact with the outer wall of the drum body 7. The inner polishing seat 20 is located behind the inner boring tool 21 in the axial feed direction and is in contact with the inner wall of the drum body 7. The first sensor 12, the second sensor 22 and the third sensor 25 are all laser displacement sensors; The second sensor 22 is used to measure the roundness after internal boring; The first sensor 12 is used to measure the milled area after milling; The third sensor 25 is used to scan the inner wall of the roll body 7 before the inner boring to establish initial parameters; The machining sequence of this floor-type boring machine is as follows: The milling cutter 11 and the internal boring cutter 21 are fed synchronously in the same radial plane to perform milling and internal boring on the outer wall of the drum body 7, so as to maintain the roundness and coaxiality of the inner and outer walls of the drum body 7 at the same time. During the milling and internal boring processes, the first sensor 12 and the second sensor 22 respectively acquire the coaxiality data of the inner and outer walls of the drum body 7 and transmit it to the central control host 26. After milling and internal boring are completed, the outer polishing seat 15 polishes the outer wall of the milled drum body 7 simultaneously, and the inner polishing seat 20 polishes the inner wall of the drum body 7 after internal boring simultaneously. The above process integrates multiple steps such as machining, measurement, and polishing into a single clamping and continuous feed, achieving efficient composite machining; The sensor layout, which follows the cutting tool, enables online, real-time monitoring and feedback of machining quality, providing a data foundation for adaptive adjustment of process parameters; The polishing process follows the cutting process immediately. It can utilize the residual heat of the drum body and the clean surface to improve the polishing effect and efficiency, forming a continuous processing loop. A material loading mechanism for conveying and positioning the drum body 7; The material loading mechanism includes a linear transmission module 36 fixedly installed on the bed 1. A moving arm 37 is connected to the linear transmission module 36. A rotary platform 38 is fixedly installed on the moving arm 37. A material support seat 39 is installed at the rotary output end of the rotary platform 38. A guide rail groove is provided on the bed 1, and the guide rail groove is connected to the moving arm 37.

[0026] Before processing, the drum body 7 is placed on the support seat 39. The linear transmission module 36 drives the moving arm 37 to move along the guide rail groove on the bed 1, sending the drum body 7 to the center position of the first clamp 6 at the clamping frame 2. The rotary platform 38 can adjust the circumferential angle of the drum body 7 to facilitate alignment or processing in a specific orientation. When one end of the drum body 7 is processed to the maximum feed depth, the first clamp 6 is released, and the loading mechanism can drive the drum body 7 to rotate precisely 180 degrees so that the unprocessed other end faces the tool. After clamping again, processing can continue, thereby completing the segmented and complete processing of the ultra-long drum body 7. It also includes a water-cooled box 40 fixedly installed on the bed 1 and a chip collection box 41 slidably connected to the bed 1. The water-cooled box 40 is equipped with two pump bodies. The liquid outlet of one pump body is connected to an external spray pipe 43, and the liquid outlet of the other pump body is connected to a pump liquid hose 42. A pump liquid flow channel is opened at the axis position of the traction rod 46. The other end of the pump liquid hose 42 is fixedly connected to the pump liquid flow channel. An internal spray pipe 44 is fixedly installed on the traction rod 46 at the position corresponding to the drive ring 32 and the calibration seat 23. The internal spray pipe 44 is located below the axis of the traction rod 46, and the tail end of the internal spray pipe 44 is connected to the pump liquid flow channel.

[0027] The specific steps for using this invention are as follows: Before operation, the loading mechanism transports the drum body 7 to the processing position. After adjusting the orientation of the end face of the drum body 7 by the rotary platform 38, the first clamp 6 on the side of the clamping frame 2 clamps and fixes it from the inner wall of the drum body 7. When machining starts, the hydraulic pusher cylinder 27 on the bed 1 pushes the clamping frame 2 and the drum body 7 to feed smoothly towards the tool holder 8 along the axis of the spindle 5. At the same time, the two spindle boxes 3 are raised and lowered synchronously through the lead screw lifting module 28, and are forced to maintain the same height by the mechanical arm to ensure that the two spindles 5 are concentric, laying the benchmark for high-precision machining. During the feeding process, the two symmetrical milling arms 9 on the cutter head 8 drive the milling cutter head 11 to mill the outer wall of the drum body 7, while the two symmetrical inner boring seats 19 on the boring head 18 drive the inner boring cutter 21 to synchronously bore the inner wall of the drum body 7, so as to achieve the coordinated processing of the inner and outer walls in the same radial plane. Following the cutting tool, the first sensor 12 and the second sensor 22 detect the coaxiality data of the outer wall and the inner wall in real time and transmit them to the central control host 26. Combined with the axis calibration of the laser centering component, the online monitoring and feedback adjustment of the machining process is realized. After processing, the outer polishing seat 15 on the support arm 10 and the inner polishing seat 20 on the boring bar 18 simultaneously polish the outer and inner walls of the drum body 7, forming a continuous closed loop of cutting, measuring and polishing. In addition, by adjusting the traction rod 46 through the synchronous drive assembly, the positions of the inner boring seat 19 and the inner polishing seat 20 can be adjusted radially and synchronously to accommodate drum bodies 7 of different diameters; The material loading mechanism also supports 180-degree rotation of the drum body 7 to achieve segmented processing, ensuring the overall accuracy of the ultra-long drum body 7.

[0028] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A floor-type boring machine for coaxial machining of external drums, comprising a bed (1), characterized in that: The clamping frame (2) is movably mounted on the bed (1). Both the bed (1) and the clamping frame (2) are equipped with shaft boxes (3). Both shaft boxes (3) are rotatably mounted with spindles (5) driven by servo motors (4). The first clamp (6) is fixedly mounted on the spindle (5) corresponding to the clamping frame (2). The first clamp (6) clamps the drum body (7). The tool holder (8) is mounted on the spindle (5) corresponding to the bed (1). Two milling arms (9) and two support arms (10) are movably mounted on the cutter head holder (8). The end of the milling arm (9) is fixedly mounted with a milling cutter head (11) and a first sensor (12). The front of the support arm (10) is arrayed with support steel balls (13), and the rear is rotatably mounted with an adjusting screw (14). The end of the adjusting screw (14) is rotatably mounted with an outer polishing seat (15). The outer polishing seat (15) is slidably connected to the support arm (10). A second clamp (16) is fixedly installed on the tool holder (8). A boring bar (17) is clamped on the second clamp (16). A boring frame (18) is fixedly installed at the end of the boring bar (17). Two inner boring seats (19) and two inner polishing seats (20) are slidably connected in the radial direction on the boring frame (18). A traction rod (46) is provided on the inner side of the boring bar (17). A synchronous drive assembly is provided on the traction rod (46) to synchronously adjust the distance between the inner boring seats (19) and the inner polishing seats (20) and the axis of the tool holder (8). An inner boring tool (21) and a second sensor (22) are fixedly installed on each of the two inner boring seats (19). The calibration base (23) is fixedly installed at the end of the traction rod (46). The calibration base (23) is equipped with a laser centering component. An industrial camera (24) and a third sensor (25) are fixedly installed on the two sides of the calibration base (23).

2. The floor-type boring machine for coaxial machining of external drums according to claim 1, characterized in that, A hydraulic push cylinder (27) is fixedly installed on the bed (1). The movable output end of the hydraulic push cylinder (27) is fixedly connected to the clamping frame (2). The axis of the hydraulic push cylinder (27) is parallel to the axis of the spindle (5). Vertically arranged screw lifting modules (28) are fixedly installed on both the bed (1) and the clamping frame (2). The two screw lifting modules (28) are respectively connected to the two shaft boxes (3). A synchronous connecting arm (29) is fixedly installed on the back of one shaft box (3). The synchronous connecting arm (29) is slidably connected to the other shaft box (3). A first channel is opened at the axis position of both spindles (5). Both ends of the first channel are open.

3. A floor-type boring machine for coaxial machining of external drums according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The central control host (26) is fixedly installed on the bed (1). The data terminals of the first sensor (12), the second sensor (22) and the third sensor (25) are all connected to the central control host (26).

4. A floor-type boring machine for coaxial machining of external drums according to claim 1, characterized in that, The signal transmission axes of the first sensor (12), the second sensor (22), and the third sensor (25) are all perpendicular to the axis of the drum body (7). The first sensor (12) is located behind the milling cutter head (11) in the axial feed direction and the detection end faces the outer wall of the drum body (7). The second sensor (22) is located behind the inner boring tool (21) in the axial feed direction and the detection end faces the inner wall of the drum body (7). The calibration seat (23) is located in front of the inner boring tool (21) in the feed direction. The outer polishing seat (15) is located behind the milling cutter head (11) in the axial feed direction and is in contact with the outer wall of the drum body (7). The inner polishing seat (20) is located behind the inner boring tool (21) in the axial feed direction and is in contact with the inner wall of the drum body (7).

5. A floor-type boring machine for coaxial machining of external drums according to claim 1, characterized in that, The synchronous drive assembly includes an adjusting push cylinder (30), which is fixedly installed on the axle box (3) at the bed (1). A transmission plate (31) is fixedly installed on the movable output end of the adjusting push cylinder (30). The transmission plate (31) is fixedly connected to the traction rod (46). A second channel is opened at the axis position of the boring shaft (17) for the traction rod (46) to pass through. A drive ring (32) is rotatably installed on the traction rod (46) through a bearing. Connecting arms (33) are hinged between the two inner boring seats (19) and the two inner polishing seats (20) and the drive ring (32).

6. A floor-type boring machine for coaxial machining of external drums according to claim 3, characterized in that, The laser alignment assembly includes a laser (34) fixedly mounted on a calibration base (23) and a PSD sensor (35) fixedly mounted on a shaft box (3) at a clamping frame (2). The laser (34) and the PSD sensor (35) are arranged opposite each other. Both the laser (34) and the PSD sensor (35) are coaxially arranged with the spindle (5). The data output terminals of the laser (34) and the PSD sensor (35) are both connected to the central control host (26) for communication.

7. A floor-type boring machine for coaxial machining of external drums according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a material loading mechanism, which includes a linear transmission module (36) fixedly installed on the bed (1), a moving arm (37) is connected to the linear transmission module (36), a rotary platform (38) is fixedly installed on the moving arm (37), a material support seat (39) is installed at the rotary output end of the rotary platform (38), and a guide rail groove is provided on the bed (1), which is connected to the moving arm (37) in a transmission manner.

8. A floor-type boring machine for coaxial machining of external drums according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a water-cooled box (40) fixedly installed on the bed (1) and a chip collection box (41) slidably connected to the bed (1). The water-cooled box (40) is equipped with two pump bodies. The outlet end of one pump body is connected to an external spray pipe (43), and the outlet end of the other pump body is connected to a pump fluid hose (42). A pump fluid flow channel is opened at the axis position of the traction rod (46). The other end of the pump fluid hose (42) is fixedly connected to the pump fluid flow channel. An internal spray pipe (44) is fixedly installed on the traction rod (46) at the position corresponding to the drive ring (32) and the calibration seat (23). The internal spray pipe (44) is located below the axis of the traction rod (46), and the tail end of the internal spray pipe (44) is connected to the pump fluid flow channel.

9. A floor-type boring machine for coaxial machining of external drums according to claim 1, characterized in that, Synchronous bevel gears are fixedly installed on the output shaft of the servo motor (4) and the main shaft (5), and the two synchronous bevel gears mesh orthogonally.

10. A floor-type boring machine for coaxial machining of external drums according to claim 1, characterized in that, Four transmission screws (45) are rotatably mounted on the cutter head holder (8). The four transmission screws (45) are arranged in an array on the cutter head holder (8). The four transmission screws (45) are respectively connected to two support arms (10) and two milling arms (9). A transmission handle is fixedly installed at the end of the transmission screw (45), and the axis of the transmission screw (45) is perpendicular to the axis of the cutter head holder (8).

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