A utility pole ground fault protection system

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of electric pole electric leakage protection systems, including electric leakage detection module, signal processing module, intelligent control module, automatic power-off protection module, hierarchical early warning module and remote monitoring module;Electric leakage detection module includes multiple electric leakage collection mechanisms installed at different height positions of electric pole, for collecting electric leakage current signal, voltage signal and / or ground state signal;Intelligent control module carries out bin calibration according to environmental temperature and humidity data on historical baseline, to construct robust baseline with median and median absolute deviation and generate dynamic alarm threshold, while dividing the system operation into five working states to realize dynamic sampling scheduling;Hierarchical early warning module executes hierarchical response of local sound-light alarm, remote wireless alarm and automatic power-off according to electric leakage grade.The application realizes complete protection closed loop of electric leakage detection, hierarchical early warning, automatic power-off and remote monitoring, with the advantages of strong environmental interference resistance, low power consumption, accurate positioning, etc.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of power line safety monitoring technology, and in particular relates to a power pole leakage protection system. Background Technology

[0002] Power pole networks are a crucial infrastructure component of the power grid. Power poles are divided into two types: concrete poles and single-tube metal poles. When a power pole experiences a leakage current, especially a single-tube metal pole, it directly endangers public safety. When technicians perform repairs, they often need to conduct close-range inspections first, which not only wastes a significant amount of time and energy but also increases the risk to the technicians.

[0003] Several existing technologies exist for detecting leakage current in utility poles. For example, Chinese patent CN105182171A discloses a pole leakage current detection alarm device, including a frame (upper frame, lower frame, and fasteners). At least three monitoring components are fixedly installed on both the upper and lower frames. Each monitoring component is connected to a remote monitoring terminal via an electrical conductor, enabling it to issue an alarm immediately upon leakage and perform three-dimensional positioning. Another example is Chinese patent CN202888794U, which discloses a streetlight pole leakage current protection device based on the Internet of Things (IoT) for streetlights. This device includes a current detection module, a signal processing module, and an execution module connected in sequence. The execution module determines whether a streetlight fault has occurred or cuts off the power supply based on the magnitude of the leakage current. Furthermore, Chinese patent CN114924110A discloses an electric shock detection system and method based on an adaptive threshold. This system amplifies fault characteristics by performing wavelet transform on the total residual current and determines whether an electric shock accident has occurred based on the periodic change and an adaptive threshold.

[0004] However, existing technologies still have the following shortcomings: (i) Lack of a complete closed loop of active protection and graded early warning. Most existing solutions only have detection and alarm functions. Although some solutions can cut off the power supply in case of serious leakage, they lack an intelligent decision-making mechanism for graded early warning and differentiated response based on the degree of leakage, and cannot realize a complete protection chain from minor leakage warning to automatic power cut-off in case of serious leakage.

[0005] (ii) Insufficient detection accuracy and anti-interference capability. The outdoor environment is complex (temperature and humidity changes, electromagnetic interference, etc.), and the alarm thresholds of existing leakage current detection devices are mostly fixed values, which are easily affected by changes in environmental temperature and humidity, resulting in false alarms or missed alarms. Although some studies have proposed the concept of adaptive thresholds, a complete scheme that combines dynamic calibration with environmental parameters has not yet been established for utility pole scenarios.

[0006] (iii) The sampling strategy lacks dynamic adaptability. Existing systems typically operate at a fixed sampling frequency, which results in continuous high power consumption when there is no leakage current, but may miss critical signals due to insufficient sampling rate when leakage current changes suddenly, thus failing to achieve an effective balance between low power consumption and high sensitivity.

[0007] (iv) Lack of multi-dimensional three-dimensional positioning and linkage protection mechanism. The positioning capability of existing devices is limited, and they have not formed an effective linkage protection closed loop with circuit breakers, grounding protection and other equipment. After leakage occurs, the leakage point cannot be quickly and accurately located and the protection action can be executed simultaneously. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To overcome the aforementioned deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a power pole leakage protection system, which solves the problems of existing power pole leakage detection devices lacking a complete closed loop of graded early warning and active protection, being susceptible to environmental influences and generating false alarms, lacking dynamic adaptability in sampling strategies, and lacking multi-dimensional three-dimensional positioning and linkage protection mechanisms.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A residual current protection system for utility poles, comprising: The leakage current detection module includes multiple leakage current acquisition mechanisms installed at different heights on the utility pole, used to acquire leakage current signals, voltage signals and / or grounding status signals of the utility pole; A signal processing module, connected to the leakage current detection module, is used to condition and convert the acquired signal into an analog-to-digital signal; The intelligent control module, connected to the signal processing module, includes a main control processing unit and an environmental sensing component for sensing external environmental parameters. The intelligent control module determines the leakage current state and generates hierarchical control commands based on the digital signal output by the signal processing module and the environmental parameters fed back by the environmental sensing component. An automatic power-off protection module, connected to the intelligent control module, is used to cut off the power supply line to the utility pole when a power-off command is received in the hierarchical control command. A graded early warning module, connected to the intelligent control module, is used to execute alarm responses of different levels according to the graded control instructions; And a remote monitoring module, which is connected in communication with the intelligent control module, for remotely transmitting leakage current data to the monitoring terminal.

[0010] Preferably, the number of the plurality of leakage current acquisition mechanisms is 3 to 12, and they are evenly distributed along the circumference and axial direction of the utility pole; the leakage current acquisition mechanisms are installed on the upper frame and the lower frame of the utility pole, the upper frame is fixed above the fixing clamp installed on the pole by a support rod, and the lower frame is fixed below the fixing clamp by a connecting rod; the upper frame and the lower frame are both polygonal frames or ring frames, and are symmetrically distributed or spaced at the ends along the plane where the fixing clamp is located.

[0011] Preferably, the early warning response executed by the tiered early warning module includes: A local audible and visual alarm is triggered when there is a level 1 leakage current. A level 2 leakage current triggers a local audible and visual alarm and activates a wireless remote alarm. When a level 3 leakage occurs, a local audible and visual alarm and a wireless remote alarm are triggered, and the automatic power-off protection module is linked to perform a power-off operation. The leakage current range corresponding to the first-level leakage current is 10mA to 50mA, the leakage current range corresponding to the second-level leakage current is 50mA to 300mA, and the leakage current threshold corresponding to the third-level leakage current is greater than 300mA and does not exceed 1000mA.

[0012] Preferably, the leakage current acquisition mechanism includes a current acquisition unit and a voltage acquisition unit. The current acquisition unit uses a residual current transformer to detect the current vector sum of the phase line and the neutral line. The signal processing module includes a signal conditioning unit and an analog-to-digital conversion unit. The signal conditioning unit includes a low-pass filter and an operational amplifier.

[0013] Preferably, the intelligent control module further includes a baseline data bucket for storing historical sample data, and the environmental sensing component includes a temperature and humidity sensor; The intelligent control module incorporates an adaptive threshold calculation strategy and a dynamic sampling scheduling strategy. The adaptive threshold calculation strategy performs binning processing on the environment based on the temperature and humidity data fed back by the temperature and humidity sensor, constructs a robust baseline using the median and median absolute deviation, and generates a dynamic alarm threshold. The dynamic sampling scheduling strategy divides the system operation into five working states: deep sleep, fast scan, monitoring, dense capture, and alarm confirmation. The state transitions are driven by the dynamic alarm threshold and the signal change trend. The adaptive threshold calculation strategy and the dynamic sampling scheduling strategy work together through the sample bucket permission flag to prevent data from being fed back into the baseline data bucket during the fault period.

[0014] Preferably, the system further includes a leakage current location submodule, which performs three-dimensional positioning calculation of the leakage point by using the difference in detection data from multiple leakage current acquisition mechanisms and the three-dimensional spatial coordinates of each acquisition mechanism; the leakage current detection module further includes a grounding detection unit, which is used to detect the grounding resistance and grounding current of the pole grounding device and feeds them back to the intelligent control module to assist in determining the leakage type.

[0015] Preferably, among the plurality of leakage current acquisition mechanisms, the installation height interval between two adjacent leakage current acquisition mechanisms in the axial direction of the utility pole is 0.5 meters to 2 meters.

[0016] Preferably, the wireless communication unit of the remote monitoring module adopts a 4G / 5G communication module or a LoRa long-distance communication module; the remote monitoring terminal includes a processor, a display module and an alarm module, the processor is connected to a bus and a memory respectively through a controller, and the bus is connected to a touch module, an LCD module and an LED module respectively through electrical conductors.

[0017] Preferably, the system also includes a power supply unit for supplying power to each module. The power supply unit is a solar power supply unit or an inductive power extraction unit. The solar power supply unit includes a solar panel and a battery. The inductive power extraction unit includes a current inductance energy extraction coil installed on the transmission line.

[0018] The technical effects and advantages of the utility pole leakage protection system of the present invention are as follows: 1. This invention implements differentiated graded early warning response (level 1 local alarm, level 2 remote alarm, level 3 automatic power off) based on the degree of leakage, realizing a complete protection chain from minor leakage warning to automatic power off for severe leakage, fundamentally eliminating the safety hazards of leakage.

[0019] 2. This invention performs binning processing on environmental temperature and humidity data, constructs a robust baseline based on the median and median absolute deviation, and generates dynamic alarm thresholds, effectively reducing the false alarm rate and missed alarm rate caused by temperature and humidity changes in complex outdoor environments.

[0020] 3. This invention uses a dynamic sampling scheduling strategy to intelligently switch between five working states (deep sleep, fast scan, monitoring, dense capture, and alarm confirmation). It maintains low power consumption when there is no leakage current, and quickly increases the sampling rate to capture key signals when leakage current changes suddenly, which significantly reduces system power consumption while ensuring detection sensitivity.

[0021] 4. This invention achieves rapid and accurate three-dimensional positioning of leakage points by using a three-dimensional layout of multiple leakage current acquisition mechanisms and calculation of the difference in detection data, combined with the three-dimensional spatial coordinates of each acquisition mechanism.

[0022] 5. This invention transmits leakage current information to a remote monitoring terminal in real time via a 4G / 5G or LoRa wireless communication unit, making it convenient for maintenance personnel to keep abreast of the line safety status.

[0023] 6. This invention supports both solar power and inductive power generation, making it suitable for special scenarios such as underground wells and tunnels where there is no sunlight, and has a wide range of applications.

[0024] 7. This invention realizes a fully automated process of leakage current detection, judgment, graded early warning, automatic power-off, three-dimensional positioning and remote reporting, reducing manual intervention and lowering the safety risks for operation and maintenance personnel. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a system connection diagram of a power pole leakage protection system proposed in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include," "contain," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "includes..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes the element.

[0028] refer to Figure 1This invention provides a power pole leakage current protection system, including a leakage current detection module, a signal processing module, an intelligent control module, an automatic power-off protection module, a graded early warning module, and a remote monitoring module. The leakage current detection module includes multiple leakage current acquisition mechanisms installed at different heights on the power pole, used to collect leakage current signals, voltage signals, and / or grounding status signals. The signal processing module is used to condition and convert the acquired signals from analog to digital. The intelligent control module incorporates an adaptive threshold calculation strategy and a dynamic sampling scheduling strategy, determining the leakage current state and generating graded control commands based on the digital signals output by the signal processing module and environmental parameters fed back by the environmental sensing components. The automatic power-off protection module disconnects the power supply line upon receiving a power-off command. The graded early warning module executes different levels of alarm responses based on the leakage current level. The remote monitoring module remotely transmits leakage current data to a monitoring terminal. This invention also provides a power pole leakage current protection method, which involves acquiring leakage current signals from multiple locations, performing box-based calibration of environmental parameters to generate dynamic alarm thresholds, determining the leakage current risk level based on the comparison between the signal and the dynamic threshold, and executing a graded early warning response, automatically disconnecting the power supply line when the leakage current risk level reaches a preset power-off level. This invention realizes a complete protection closed loop of leakage current detection, graded early warning, automatic power-off and remote monitoring, and has the advantages of strong anti-environmental interference capability, low power consumption and accurate positioning.

[0029] Example 1 A leakage current protection system for utility poles includes a leakage current detection module, a signal processing module, an intelligent control module, an automatic power-off protection module, a graded early warning module, and a remote monitoring module.

[0030] The leakage current detection module includes six leakage current acquisition mechanisms (ranging from 3 to 12), three mounted on the upper frame and three on the lower frame. The upper frame is fixed above the fixing clamps mounted on the pole by three support rods, and the lower frame is fixed below the fixing clamps by three connecting rods. Both the upper and lower frames are regular hexagonal frames, symmetrically distributed along the plane of the fixing clamps. The installation height interval between two adjacent leakage current acquisition mechanisms in the axial direction of the utility pole is 1 meter (ranging from 0.5 meters to 2 meters).

[0031] Each leakage current acquisition unit includes a current acquisition unit (using a residual current transformer to detect the vector sum of currents in the phase line and neutral line) and a voltage acquisition unit.

[0032] The signal processing module includes a signal conditioning unit (low-pass filter + operational amplifier) ​​and an analog-to-digital converter, which are connected to the leakage current detection module and are used to condition and convert the acquired signal into an analog-to-digital signal.

[0033] The intelligent control module uses an STM32 series microcontroller as the main control chip and connects to the signal processing module. The intelligent control module incorporates an adaptive threshold calculation strategy and a dynamic sampling scheduling strategy, and is equipped with an environmental sensing component (using an SHT30 temperature and humidity sensor) for sensing external environmental parameters and a baseline data bucket for storing historical sample data.

[0034] The adaptive threshold calculation strategy bins the environment based on temperature and humidity data from temperature and humidity sensors, constructing a robust baseline using the median and median absolute deviation, and generating dynamic alarm thresholds. The dynamic sampling scheduling strategy divides system operation into five states: deep sleep, rapid scanning, monitoring, intensive acquisition, and alarm confirmation. State transitions are driven by dynamic alarm thresholds and signal change trends. The two strategies work together through a sample binning permission flag to prevent data from being fed back into the baseline data bin during fault periods.

[0035] The automatic power-off protection module includes a residual current circuit breaker (RCCB) and a power-off actuator, which are connected to the intelligent control module. The RCCB is electrically connected to both the transformer and the power supply line, and is used to disconnect the power supply line to the utility pole when a power-off command is received from the hierarchical control instructions.

[0036] The graded early warning module is connected to the intelligent control module and includes an audible and visual alarm (installed on the utility pole) and a wireless alarm unit. The early warning response executed by the graded early warning module includes: triggering a local audible and visual alarm for Level 1 leakage (10mA to 50mA); triggering a local audible and visual alarm and activating a wireless remote alarm for Level 2 leakage (50mA to 300mA); and triggering a local audible and visual alarm, a wireless remote alarm, and triggering an automatic power-off protection module to perform a power-off operation for Level 3 leakage (greater than 300mA but not exceeding 1000mA).

[0037] The remote monitoring module communicates with the intelligent control module and includes a 4G wireless communication unit and a remote monitoring terminal. The remote monitoring terminal includes a processor, a display module, and an alarm module. The processor is connected to the bus and memory via a controller, and the bus is connected to the touch module, LCD module, and LED module via electrical conductors.

[0038] The system is powered by a solar power unit, which includes solar panels and batteries.

[0039] The leakage current location submodule performs three-dimensional positioning calculations of the leakage point by using the difference in detection data from multiple leakage current acquisition mechanisms and the three-dimensional spatial coordinates of each acquisition mechanism.

[0040] The grounding detection unit is used to detect the grounding resistance and grounding current of the power pole grounding device and feeds it back to the intelligent control module to help determine the type of leakage.

[0041] Example 2 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the number of leakage current acquisition mechanisms is nine (ranging from 3 to 12), with six installed on the upper frame and three on the lower frame. Both the upper and lower frames are circular, and the centers of the upper frame, lower frame, and fixing clamp are coaxial. The installation height interval between two adjacent leakage current acquisition mechanisms in the axial direction of the utility pole is 1.5 meters (ranging from 0.5 meters to 2 meters). The wireless communication unit adopts a LoRa long-range communication module.

[0042] Example 3 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the power supply unit adopts an inductive power extraction unit, including a current inductance energy extraction coil installed on the transmission line, which is suitable for scenarios such as underground wells or tunnels without light conditions.

[0043] Example 4 This embodiment provides a method for protecting utility poles from leakage current, including the following steps: Step S1: Real-time acquisition of leakage current signals, voltage signals and / or grounding status signals of the utility pole by using multiple leakage current acquisition mechanisms (3 to 12) arranged at different height positions on the pole. Step S2: Filter, amplify, and perform analog-to-digital conversion on the collected leakage current signal, voltage signal, and / or grounding status signal to generate a digital signal; Step S3: Collect ambient temperature and humidity parameters around the utility pole in real time, perform binning calibration on the historical baseline data based on the ambient temperature and humidity parameters, construct a robust baseline with the median and median absolute deviation, and generate a dynamically adjusted leakage current alarm threshold. Step S4: Determine the current leakage risk level based on the comparison result between the digital signal and the dynamically adjusted leakage alarm threshold; Step S5: Execute a graded early warning response according to the leakage risk level: Level 1 leakage (10mA to 50mA) triggers a local audible and visual alarm; Level 2 leakage (50mA to 300mA) triggers a local audible and visual alarm and activates a wireless remote alarm; Level 3 leakage (greater than 300mA but not exceeding 1000mA) triggers a local audible and visual alarm, a wireless remote alarm, and activates a power-off protection mechanism. Step S6: When the leakage risk level reaches level three, the power supply line of the utility pole is automatically cut off, and the leakage detection data and alarm information are sent to the remote monitoring terminal through the 4G / 5G or LoRa wireless communication module.

[0044] Example 5 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the intelligent control module also incorporates a dynamic sampling scheduling strategy, dividing system operation into five working states: deep sleep, fast scan, monitoring, intensive capture, and alarm confirmation. When there is no leakage signal, the system is in deep sleep (lowest sampling rate, lowest power consumption); when a weak signal change is detected, it transitions to fast scan; when the signal continues to change, it enters monitoring; when the signal approaches the alarm threshold, it enters intensive capture (highest sampling rate); after leakage is confirmed, it enters alarm confirmation and triggers the corresponding level of warning response. The transitions between the five states are driven by the dynamic alarm threshold and the signal change trend, achieving a dynamic balance between low power consumption and high sensitivity.

[0045] This invention can be widely applied to leakage current protection of power poles in urban and rural power transmission and distribution lines, and is especially suitable for leakage current protection of power poles in densely populated areas, humid and rainy areas, and important power supply lines. This invention has a reasonable structure, a high degree of automation, and is easy to maintain, possessing good market application prospects and promotional value. The working principle of this invention is as follows: The leakage current detection module has multiple leakage current acquisition mechanisms that collect leakage current and voltage signals at different heights of the utility pole in real time. After the signals are filtered and amplified by the signal conditioning unit, they are converted into digital signals by the analog-to-digital conversion unit and sent to the intelligent control module.

[0046] The intelligent control module's adaptive threshold calculation strategy uses temperature and humidity data collected by the environmental sensing components to perform binning of the environment, constructing a robust baseline based on the median and median absolute deviation, and generating dynamic alarm thresholds. The dynamic sampling scheduling strategy divides system operation into five working states—deep sleep, rapid scanning, monitoring, intensive acquisition, and alarm confirmation—based on signal change trends and the current state. State transitions are driven by dynamic alarm thresholds and signal trends, intelligently adjusting the sampling frequency and operating mode to achieve a balance between low power consumption and high sensitivity.

[0047] When the detected leakage signal exceeds the dynamic alarm threshold, the intelligent control module determines the leakage level based on the degree of leakage: Level 1 leakage (10mA to 50mA) activates a local audible and visual alarm; Level 2 leakage (50mA to 300mA) activates both a local alarm and a remote alarm; Level 3 leakage (greater than 300mA but not exceeding 1000mA) activates both a local alarm and a remote alarm, and automatically cuts off power.

[0048] Upon receiving a Level 3 leakage current command, the automatic power-off protection module controls the leakage current circuit breaker to cut off the power supply line via the power-off actuator. Simultaneously, the remote monitoring module uploads leakage current data, location information, and alarm status to the remote monitoring terminal in real time. The leakage current location submodule performs three-dimensional positioning calculations of the leakage point using the difference in detection data from multiple leakage current acquisition devices and the three-dimensional spatial coordinates of each acquisition device.

[0049] The above are merely specific embodiments of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of protection of the claims.

[0050] In conclusion, the above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A leakage current protection system for utility poles, characterized in that, include: The leakage current detection module includes multiple leakage current acquisition mechanisms installed at different heights on the utility pole, used to acquire leakage current signals, voltage signals and / or grounding status signals of the utility pole; A signal processing module, connected to the leakage current detection module, is used to condition and convert the acquired signal into an analog-to-digital signal; The intelligent control module, connected to the signal processing module, includes a main control processing unit and an environmental sensing component for sensing external environmental parameters. The intelligent control module determines the leakage current state and generates hierarchical control commands based on the digital signal output by the signal processing module and the environmental parameters fed back by the environmental sensing component. An automatic power-off protection module, connected to the intelligent control module, is used to cut off the power supply line to the utility pole when a power-off command is received in the hierarchical control command. A graded early warning module, connected to the intelligent control module, is used to execute alarm responses of different levels according to the graded control instructions; And a remote monitoring module, which is connected in communication with the intelligent control module, for remotely transmitting leakage current data to the monitoring terminal.

2. The utility pole leakage protection system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The number of leakage current acquisition mechanisms is 3 to 12, and they are evenly distributed around the circumference and axial direction of the utility pole. The leakage current acquisition mechanisms are installed on the upper and lower frames of the utility pole. The upper frame is fixed above the fixing clamp installed on the pole by a support rod, and the lower frame is fixed below the fixing clamp by a connecting rod. The upper and lower frames are both polygonal or ring-shaped frames, and they are symmetrically distributed or spaced at the ends along the plane of the fixing clamp.

3. The utility pole leakage protection system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The early warning response executed by the tiered early warning module includes: A local audible and visual alarm is triggered when there is a level 1 leakage current. A level 2 leakage current triggers a local audible and visual alarm and activates a wireless remote alarm. When a level 3 leakage occurs, a local audible and visual alarm and a wireless remote alarm are triggered, and the automatic power-off protection module is linked to perform a power-off operation. The leakage current range corresponding to the first-level leakage current is 10mA to 50mA, the leakage current range corresponding to the second-level leakage current is 50mA to 300mA, and the leakage current threshold corresponding to the third-level leakage current is greater than 300mA and does not exceed 1000mA.

4. The utility pole leakage protection system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The leakage current acquisition mechanism includes a current acquisition unit and a voltage acquisition unit. The current acquisition unit uses a residual current transformer to detect the current vector sum of the phase line and the neutral line. The signal processing module includes a signal conditioning unit and an analog-to-digital conversion unit. The signal conditioning unit includes a low-pass filter and an operational amplifier.

5. A leakage current protection system for utility poles as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent control module also includes a baseline data bucket for storing historical sample data, and the environmental sensing component includes a temperature and humidity sensor. The intelligent control module incorporates an adaptive threshold calculation strategy and a dynamic sampling scheduling strategy. The adaptive threshold calculation strategy performs binning processing on the environment based on the temperature and humidity data fed back by the temperature and humidity sensor, constructs a robust baseline using the median and median absolute deviation, and generates a dynamic alarm threshold. The dynamic sampling scheduling strategy divides the system operation into five working states: deep sleep, fast scan, monitoring, dense capture, and alarm confirmation. The state transitions are driven by the dynamic alarm threshold and the signal change trend. The adaptive threshold calculation strategy and the dynamic sampling scheduling strategy work together through the sample bucket permission flag to prevent data from being fed back into the baseline data bucket during the fault period.

6. A leakage protection system for utility poles as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The system also includes a leakage current location submodule, which performs three-dimensional location calculation of the leakage point by using the difference in detection data from multiple leakage current acquisition mechanisms and the three-dimensional spatial coordinates of each acquisition mechanism; the leakage current detection module also includes a grounding detection unit, which is used to detect the grounding resistance and grounding current of the pole grounding device and feeds them back to the intelligent control module to assist in determining the leakage type.

7. A leakage protection system for utility poles as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Among the multiple leakage current acquisition mechanisms, the installation height interval between two adjacent leakage current acquisition mechanisms in the axial direction of the utility pole is 0.5 meters to 2 meters.

8. A leakage protection system for utility poles as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The wireless communication unit of the remote monitoring module adopts a 4G / 5G communication module or a LoRa long-distance communication module; the remote monitoring terminal includes a processor, a display module and an alarm module. The processor is connected to a bus and a memory through a controller, and the bus is connected to a touch module, an LCD module and an LED module through electrical conductors.

9. A leakage protection system for utility poles as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a power supply unit for supplying power to the various modules of the system. The power supply unit is either a solar power supply unit or an inductive power extraction unit. The solar power supply unit includes a solar panel and a battery. The inductive power extraction unit includes a current inductance energy extraction coil installed on the transmission line.

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