Method for obtaining tls stability duration and method for determining qubit operating point
By applying microwave signals to qubits to form color heatmaps and processing them into black-and-white heatmaps, and extracting pixels within white connected domains, the problem of qubit decoherence was solved. This enabled precise determination of the stable duration of TLS and optimization of the qubit operating point, thereby improving the stability and reliability of quantum computing.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510540584.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-27
- Publication Date
- 2026-11-03
AI Technical Summary
The decoherence problem of qubits affects their performance and reliability, and existing technologies make it difficult to accurately determine the stable duration of TLS and the operating point of qubits.
By applying microwave signals of different frequencies to the qubits, a two-dimensional color heatmap is formed. Image processing is then performed to obtain a black and white heatmap. Pixels within the white connected domains are extracted, the TLS stabilization time is determined, and the operating point of the qubits is determined based on the stabilization time.
It improves the accuracy of determining the stable duration of TLS and the efficiency of data processing, optimizes the stability and coherence of qubits, and ensures the reliability of quantum computing.
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Figure CN123031897A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of quantum computer technology, and in particular to a method for obtaining the stable duration of TLS and a method for determining the operating point of a qubit. Background Technology
[0002] In the field of quantum computing, decoherence of qubits is a key issue that directly affects the performance of qubits and the reliability of quantum computing.
[0003] Quantum bits (qubits) are typically composed of parallel Josephson junctions and capacitors, forming an oscillator to construct two-level systems (TLS). The stability of the TLS directly affects the performance of the qubits, such as the decoherence time. Defects or impurities in the materials used to fabricate the Josephson junctions and capacitors can affect the stability of the TLS, causing decoherence in the qubits and directly reducing the decoherence time, thus limiting their performance.
[0004] Analyzing the impact of TLS stability on qubit performance helps determine the qubit's operating point (i.e., optimal operating frequency), thereby optimizing the qubit's stability and coherence.
[0005] Among them, the stability duration of TLS is an important quantitative indicator of TLS. Analyzing the stability duration of TLS at different frequencies helps to determine the operating point of qubits, thereby optimizing the stability and coherence of qubits.
[0006] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the background section of this application is intended only to enhance the understanding of the general background of this application, and should not be construed as an admission or in any way implying that the information constitutes prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention
[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method, apparatus, and method for determining the operating point of a TLS (Transient Voltage Stability) system. The method for obtaining the stable duration of a TLS system helps to accurately and quickly determine the operating point of a qubit, thereby optimizing the stability and coherence of the qubit.
[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:
[0009] The first aspect of this invention provides a method for obtaining the stable duration of TLS, comprising:
[0010] Microwave signals of different frequencies are applied to qubits, and data on the probability of the qubit being in the target quantum state at each frequency as a function of time are obtained to form a two-dimensional color heatmap; wherein, the horizontal axis of the two-dimensional color heatmap is time, the vertical axis is the frequency of the microwave signal, and the probability is represented by the color gradient in the two-dimensional color heatmap;
[0011] In the two-dimensional color heat map, pixels with pixel values greater than or equal to a first preset threshold are updated to white, and pixels with pixel values less than the first preset threshold are updated to black, so as to obtain a black and white heat map.
[0012] Obtain the white connected components in the black and white heatmap, and update all white pixels in the white connected components except for the center pixel to black to obtain the target image; where the center pixel is the pixel at the midpoint of each column of the white connected components.
[0013] The TLS stability duration for each frequency is determined based on the number of white pixels at each frequency in the target image and the corresponding time.
[0014] The method for obtaining the TLS stability duration as described above further includes, before the step of obtaining the white connected components in the black-and-white heatmap and updating all white pixels within the white connected components except for the center pixel to black to obtain the target image, the method further includes:
[0015] Filter out white connected regions in the black and white heatmap whose area value is less than the second preset threshold.
[0016] The method for obtaining the stable duration of TLS as described above further includes, before the step of filtering white connected regions with an area value less than a second preset threshold:
[0017] The black and white heatmap is filtered to remove pixels that deviate from the white connected regions.
[0018] The method for obtaining the stable duration of TLS as described above further includes filtering processing including one of median filtering, Gaussian filtering, bilateral filtering, or convolutional filtering.
[0019] The method for obtaining the stable duration of TLS as described above, further, in the...
[0020] Before the step of updating pixels with pixel values greater than or equal to a first preset threshold in the two-dimensional color heatmap to white and pixels with pixel values less than the first preset threshold to black to obtain a black and white heatmap, the method further includes:
[0021] Remove the longitudinal stripes that characterize noise in a two-dimensional color thermal image.
[0022] The method for obtaining the TLS stability duration as described above, further comprising the step of removing vertical stripes from the two-dimensional color heatmap, includes:
[0023] Normalize the value of each pixel in the two-dimensional color heatmap.
[0024] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for determining the operating point of a quantum bit, comprising:
[0025] The TLS stability duration for each frequency is obtained using the method described above.
[0026] Determine the target frequency values corresponding to the maximum and 0 times of TLS stability duration, respectively;
[0027] The operating point of the qubit is determined based on the target frequency value.
[0028] The method for determining the operating point of a quantum bit as described above, further comprising the step of determining the operating point of the quantum bit based on the target frequency value, including:
[0029] Based on the fidelity of the qubit when executing the quantum algorithm at each target frequency, the target frequency corresponding to the maximum fidelity is determined as the operating point of the qubit.
[0030] A third aspect of the present invention provides an apparatus for obtaining the stable duration of TLS, comprising:
[0031] The first acquisition module is used to apply microwave signals of different frequencies to the qubit and acquire data on the probability of the qubit being in the target quantum state at each frequency as a function of time, so as to form a two-dimensional color heat map; wherein, the horizontal axis of the two-dimensional color heat map is time, the vertical axis is the frequency of the microwave signal, and the probability is represented by the color gradient in the two-dimensional color heat map;
[0032] The second acquisition module is used to update pixels with pixel values greater than or equal to a first preset threshold in the two-dimensional color heat map to white, and pixels with pixel values less than the first preset threshold to black, so as to acquire a black and white heat map.
[0033] The third acquisition module is used to acquire the white connected regions in the black and white heat map, and update all white pixels in the white connected regions except for the center pixel to black to obtain the target image; wherein, the center pixel is the pixel at the midpoint of each column of the white connected region.
[0034] The first determining module is used to determine the TLS stability duration for each frequency based on the number of white pixels at each frequency in the target image and the corresponding time.
[0035] A fourth aspect of the present invention provides a quantum computer, including a quantum chip, wherein the operating point of the qubits in the quantum chip is determined by the above-described method for determining the operating point of qubits.
[0036] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:
[0037] This application proposes a method to optimize qubit stability by obtaining the TLS (two-level system) stability duration corresponding to each frequency, thus providing a basis for determining the operating point of the qubit. Specifically, the method first applies microwave signals of different frequencies to acquire data on the probability of the qubit being in the target quantum state over time, forming a two-dimensional color heatmap that visually displays the probability of the qubit being in the target quantum state at different frequencies and times. Subsequently, image processing techniques are used to convert the color heatmap into a black-and-white heatmap, preserving the main features of the image and reducing the complexity of data processing. Further, by extracting white connected components from the black-and-white heatmap and updating all white pixels within the connected components (except the center pixel) to black, the target image is obtained. This process not only reduces redundant data and improves data processing efficiency but also enhances image contrast and clarity, making the determination of the TLS stability duration more accurate and reliable. Finally, by quantifying the number of white pixels and their corresponding times at each frequency, the TLS stability duration can be accurately determined, providing a strong basis for determining the qubit's operating point.
[0038] The method for determining the working point of a quantum bit, the device for obtaining the stable duration of TLS, and the quantum computer provided by this invention all include the steps of the method for obtaining the stable duration of TLS described above, and therefore have the same beneficial effects, which will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description
[0039] Figure 1 A first flowchart of a method for obtaining TLS stable duration provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0040] Figure 2 A second flowchart of the method for obtaining the stable duration of TLS provided in the embodiments of this application;
[0041] Figure 3 A flowchart illustrating the method for determining the operating point of a quantum bit as provided in the embodiments of this application;
[0042] Figure 4 A structural block diagram of the TLS stable duration acquisition device provided in the embodiments of this application;
[0043] Figure 5 A structural block diagram of the device for determining the operating point of a quantum bit provided in the embodiments of this application;
[0044] Figure 6A two-dimensional color thermal image is provided as a specific example of this application;
[0045] Figure 7 A graph showing the TLS stability duration versus frequency for a specific example provided in this application. Detailed Implementation
[0046] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of this application. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.
[0047] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.
[0048] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.
[0049] Figure 1 This is a first flowchart of a method for obtaining the stable duration of TLS provided in an embodiment of this application; as shown below. Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this application embodiment provides a method for obtaining the stable duration of TLS, the method including the following steps:
[0050] Step S101: Apply microwave signals of different frequencies to the qubit and obtain data on the probability of the qubit being in the target quantum state at each frequency as a function of time to form a two-dimensional color heatmap; wherein, the horizontal axis of the two-dimensional color heatmap is time, the vertical axis is the frequency of the microwave signal, and the probability is represented by the color gradient in the two-dimensional color heatmap.
[0051] Step S102: In the two-dimensional color heat map, pixels with pixel values greater than or equal to a first preset threshold are updated to white, and pixels with pixel values less than the first preset threshold are updated to black, so as to obtain a black and white heat map.
[0052] Step S103: Obtain the white connected region in the black and white heat map, and update all white pixels in the white connected region except for the center pixel to black to obtain the target image; wherein, the center pixel is the pixel at the midpoint of each column of the white connected region.
[0053] Step S104: Determine the TLS stability duration for each frequency based on the number of white pixels at each frequency in the target image and the corresponding time.
[0054] This embodiment proposes a method to optimize qubit stability by obtaining the TLS (two-level system) stability duration corresponding to each frequency, providing a basis for determining the operating point of the qubit. Specifically, the method first applies microwave signals of different frequencies to obtain data on the probability of the qubit being in the target quantum state over time, forming a two-dimensional color heatmap that visually displays the probability of the qubit being in the target quantum state at different frequencies and times. Image processing techniques are used to convert the color heatmap into a black-and-white heatmap, preserving the main features of the image and reducing the complexity of data processing. Furthermore, by obtaining the white connected regions in the black-and-white heatmap and updating all white pixels within the connected regions except the center pixel to black, the target image is obtained. This process not only reduces redundant data and improves data processing efficiency but also enhances the contrast and clarity of the image, making the determination of the TLS stability duration more accurate and reliable. Finally, by quantizing the number of white pixels at each frequency, the TLS stability duration can be accurately determined, thus providing a strong basis for determining the qubit's operating point.
[0055] In this embodiment, a curve of TLS stability duration versus frequency can also be plotted based on the TLS stability duration data corresponding to each frequency, which facilitates intuitive observation and analysis of the data, thereby providing a clearer understanding of the stability performance of qubits at different frequencies.
[0056] In this embodiment, the target quantum state includes the ground state or the excited state.
[0057] In this embodiment, each pixel in the two-dimensional color heatmap represents a fixed time interval, so the number of pixels is linearly related to time. Since the target image is obtained after color conversion processing of the two-dimensional color heatmap, the pixels in the two-dimensional color heatmap are displayed as white pixels and black pixels in the target image. Therefore, the number of white pixels in the target image is also linearly related to time. For example, assuming the time axis of the two-dimensional color heatmap is from 0 to 100 seconds, and is divided into 100 pixels, then each pixel represents a 1-second time interval. When there are 500 white pixels at a certain frequency, the corresponding time is 500 seconds. Therefore, the TLS stability duration at that frequency is determined to be 500 seconds.
[0058] The embodiments of this application will be described below through specific examples.
[0059] In step S101 above, microwave signals of different frequencies are applied to the qubit, and data on the probability of the qubit being in the target quantum state at each frequency as a function of time are obtained to form a two-dimensional color heatmap; wherein, the horizontal axis of the two-dimensional color heatmap is time, the vertical axis is the frequency of the microwave signal, and the probability is represented by the color gradient in the two-dimensional color heatmap.
[0060] In this step, the frequency range of the microwave signal can be 4-8 GHz.
[0061] In step S102 above, pixels with pixel values greater than or equal to a first preset threshold in the two-dimensional color thermal image are updated to white, and pixels with pixel values less than the first preset threshold are updated to black, so as to obtain a black and white thermal image.
[0062] In an optional embodiment, step S102 above can be refined into the following steps:
[0063] A grayscale image is obtained by performing grayscale processing on a two-dimensional color heatmap.
[0064] The grayscale image is binarized, and pixels with values greater than or equal to a first preset threshold are updated to white, while pixels with values less than the first preset threshold are updated to black, in order to obtain a black and white heatmap.
[0065] By first performing grayscale processing on the two-dimensional color heatmap and then binarizing it, noise interference caused by color changes can be effectively reduced, significantly improving image quality. This provides a more accurate and clearer image foundation for subsequent data processing, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of data processing. In an optional embodiment, before step S102, the method further includes:
[0066] Remove the longitudinal stripes that characterize noise in a two-dimensional color thermal image.
[0067] Vertical stripes are usually caused by noise or interference in the experiment. After removing the vertical stripes, the key information in the heat map will be more prominent. By removing the vertical stripes before step S102, it can be ensured that each pixel value in the black and white heat map more accurately reflects the state of the qubit, rather than the influence of noise.
[0068] Specifically, the pixel value in the two-dimensional color heatmap is normalized in order to remove the vertical stripes in the two-dimensional color heatmap.
[0069] For step S103 above, obtain the white connected region in the black and white heat map, and update all white pixels in the white connected region except for the center pixel to black to obtain the target image; wherein, the center pixel is the pixel at the midpoint of each column of the white connected region.
[0070] In this step, a white connected region refers to a connected region where all pixels are white.
[0071] In an optional embodiment, prior to step S103, the method further includes:
[0072] Filter out white connected regions in the black and white heatmap whose area value is less than the second preset threshold.
[0073] By filtering connected regions in the black-and-white heatmap with an area smaller than the second preset threshold, the influence of other noise and small interference signals can be removed.
[0074] Specifically, filtering out white connected regions in the black and white heatmap with an area value less than the second preset threshold means updating all white pixels in the white connected regions with an area value less than the second preset threshold to black pixels, while retaining white connected regions with an area value greater than or equal to the second preset threshold.
[0075] In an optional embodiment, before the step of filtering white connected regions in the black-and-white heatmap with an area value less than a second preset threshold, the method further includes: filtering the black-and-white heatmap to filter out pixels that deviate from the white connected regions.
[0076] Filtering can effectively remove isolated pixels caused by noise, reducing noise interference with image analysis. Specifically, the filtering process includes one of median filtering, Gaussian filtering, bilateral filtering, or convolutional filtering.
[0077] Figure 2 A second flowchart of the method for obtaining the stable duration of TLS provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 6 A two-dimensional color thermal image is provided as a specific example of this application; Figure 7 A graph showing the stable duration versus frequency of TLS as provided for a specific example in this application. The following is in conjunction with the attached... Figure 2 , Figure 6-7 Provide a specific example of a method for obtaining the stable duration of TLS.
[0078] like Figure 2 The method for obtaining the stable duration of TLS includes the following steps:
[0079] Step S201: Apply microwave signals of different frequencies to the qubit, and acquire data on the probability of the qubit being in the target quantum state over time at each frequency to form a two-dimensional color heatmap, such as... Figure 6 As shown; the horizontal axis of the two-dimensional color heatmap is time, and the vertical axis is the frequency of the microwave signal. The probability is represented by the color gradient in the two-dimensional color heatmap.
[0080] Step S202: Remove the longitudinal stripes representing noise in the two-dimensional color thermal image.
[0081] Step S203: Perform grayscale processing on the two-dimensional color heat map to obtain a grayscale image.
[0082] Step S204: Binarize the grayscale image by updating pixels with values greater than or equal to a first preset threshold to white and pixels with values less than the first preset threshold to black, to obtain a black and white heatmap.
[0083] Step S205: Filter the black and white heatmap to remove pixels that deviate from the white connected regions.
[0084] Step S206: Filter out white connected regions in the black and white heatmap whose area value is less than the second preset threshold.
[0085] Step S207: Obtain the white connected region in the black and white heat map, and update all white pixels in the white connected region except for the center pixel to black to obtain the target image. The center pixel is the pixel at the midpoint of each column of the white connected region.
[0086] Step S208: Determine the TLS stability duration for each frequency based on the number of white pixels at each frequency in the target image and the corresponding time. Plot a curve of TLS stability duration versus frequency, as shown below. Figure 7 As shown.
[0087] Based on the same inventive concept, and according to the method for obtaining the stable duration of TLS provided in the above embodiments of this application, this application also provides a method for determining the operating point of a quantum bit, such as... Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 A flowchart of a method for determining the operating point of a quantum bit provided in an embodiment of this application is shown. The method includes the following steps:
[0088] Step S10: Using the above-described method for obtaining TLS stable duration, obtain the TLS stable duration corresponding to each frequency.
[0089] Step S20: Determine the target frequency values corresponding to the maximum and 0 times the TLS stability duration.
[0090] Step S30: Determine the operating point of the qubit based on the target frequency value.
[0091] The method for determining the working point of a quantum bit provided in this embodiment includes the steps of the method for obtaining the stable duration of TLS described above, and therefore has the same beneficial effects, which will not be repeated here.
[0092] Furthermore, step S30 can be refined as follows: Based on the fidelity of the qubit when executing the quantum algorithm at each target frequency value, determine the target frequency value corresponding to the maximum fidelity as the operating point of the qubit. By selecting the target frequency value with the highest fidelity as the operating point of the qubit, it can be ensured that the qubit has the highest quantum state fidelity at that frequency, thereby improving the reliability and accuracy of quantum computing.
[0093] In this embodiment, the quantum algorithm is one of Shor's algorithm, Grover's algorithm, parallel RB algorithm, and parallel XEB algorithm.
[0094] Based on the same inventive concept, and according to the method for determining the operating point of a qubit provided in the above embodiments of this application, this application also provides a quantum computer, including a quantum chip, wherein the operating point of the qubit in the quantum chip is determined by the method for determining the operating point of a qubit in the above embodiments.
[0095] The operating point of the qubit in the quantum computer provided in this embodiment is determined using the method for determining the operating point of the qubit in the above embodiment, and therefore has the same beneficial effect, which will not be repeated here.
[0096] Based on the same inventive concept, and according to the TLS stability duration acquisition method provided in the above embodiments of this application, this application also provides a TLS stability duration acquisition device, such as... Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 This is a structural block diagram of a TLS stability duration acquisition device provided in an embodiment of this application. The acquisition device includes:
[0097] The first acquisition module 100 is used to apply microwave signals of different frequencies to the qubit and acquire data on the probability of the qubit being in the target quantum state at each frequency as a function of time, so as to form a two-dimensional color heat map; wherein, the horizontal axis of the two-dimensional color heat map is time, the vertical axis is the frequency of the microwave signal, and the probability is represented by the color gradient in the two-dimensional color heat map.
[0098] The second acquisition module 200 is used to update pixels with pixel values greater than or equal to a first preset threshold in the two-dimensional color heat map to white, and pixels with pixel values less than the first preset threshold to black, so as to acquire a black and white heat map.
[0099] The third acquisition module 300 is used to acquire the white connected region in the black and white heat map, and update the other white pixels in the white connected region except for the center pixel to black to obtain the target image; wherein, the center pixel is the pixel at the midpoint of each column of the white connected region.
[0100] The first determining module 400 is used to determine the TLS stability duration corresponding to each frequency based on the number of white pixels at each frequency in the target image and the corresponding time.
[0101] The TLS stability duration acquisition device provided in this embodiment includes the steps of the TLS stability duration acquisition method described above, and therefore has the same beneficial effects, which will not be repeated here.
[0102] Optionally, the device for obtaining the TLS stability duration further includes:
[0103] The first filtering module is used to filter out white connected regions in the black and white heat map whose area value is less than the second preset threshold.
[0104] Optionally, the device for obtaining the TLS stability duration further includes:
[0105] The second filtering module is used to filter the black and white heatmap to remove pixels that deviate from the white connected regions.
[0106] Furthermore, the filtering process includes one of median filtering, Gaussian filtering, bilateral filtering, or convolutional filtering.
[0107] Optionally, the device for obtaining the TLS stability duration further includes:
[0108] The third filtering module is used to remove the longitudinal stripes that represent noise in the two-dimensional color thermal image.
[0109] Furthermore, the pixel value in the two-dimensional color heatmap is normalized in order to remove the vertical stripes in the two-dimensional color heatmap.
[0110] Based on the same inventive concept, and according to the method for determining the operating point of a qubit provided in the above embodiments of this application, this application also provides a device for determining the operating point of a qubit, such as... Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5 This is a structural block diagram of a device for determining the operating point of a quantum bit provided in an embodiment of this application. The device includes:
[0111] The first acquisition module 100 is used to apply microwave signals of different frequencies to the qubit and acquire data on the probability of the qubit being in the target quantum state at each frequency as a function of time, so as to form a two-dimensional color heat map; wherein, the horizontal axis of the two-dimensional color heat map is time, the vertical axis is the frequency of the microwave signal, and the probability is represented by the color gradient in the two-dimensional color heat map.
[0112] The second acquisition module 200 is used to update pixels with pixel values greater than or equal to a first preset threshold in the two-dimensional color heat map to white, and pixels with pixel values less than the first preset threshold to black, so as to acquire a black and white heat map.
[0113] The third acquisition module 300 is used to acquire the white connected region in the black and white heat map, and update the other white pixels in the white connected region except for the center pixel to black to obtain the target image; wherein, the center pixel is the pixel at the midpoint of each column of the white connected region.
[0114] The first determining module 400 is used to determine the TLS stability duration corresponding to each frequency based on the number of white pixels at each frequency in the target image and the corresponding time.
[0115] The second determining module 500 is used to determine the target frequency value corresponding to the maximum value and the value corresponding to 0 when the TLS stability duration is 0.
[0116] The third determining module 600 is used to determine the operating point of the quantum bit based on the target frequency value.
[0117] Optionally, the third determining module 600 is specifically used to determine the target frequency corresponding to the maximum fidelity as the operating point of the qubit based on the fidelity of the qubit when executing the quantum algorithm at each target frequency.
[0118] The device for determining the operating point of a quantum bit provided in this embodiment includes the steps of the method for determining the operating point of a quantum bit described above, and therefore has the same beneficial effects, which will not be repeated here.
[0119] In this specification, references to terms such as "some embodiments" or "example" indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. The illustrative expressions of the above terms in this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification.
[0120] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute any limitation on the present invention. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions and content disclosed in the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall be deemed to have remained within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for obtaining the stable duration of TLS, characterized in that, include: Microwave signals of different frequencies are applied to qubits, and data on the probability of the qubit being in the target quantum state at each frequency as a function of time are obtained to form a two-dimensional color heatmap; wherein, the horizontal axis of the two-dimensional color heatmap is time, the vertical axis is the frequency of the microwave signal, and the probability is represented by the color gradient in the two-dimensional color heatmap; In the two-dimensional color heat map, pixels with pixel values greater than or equal to a first preset threshold are updated to white, and pixels with pixel values less than the first preset threshold are updated to black, so as to obtain a black and white heat map. Obtain the white connected components in the black and white heatmap, and update all white pixels in the white connected components except for the center pixel to black to obtain the target image; where the center pixel is the pixel at the midpoint of each column of the white connected components. The TLS stability duration for each frequency is determined based on the number of white pixels at each frequency in the target image and the corresponding time.
2. The method for obtaining the stable duration of TLS according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before the step of obtaining the white connected region in the black-and-white heatmap and updating all white pixels within the white connected region except for the center pixel to black to obtain the target image, the method further includes: Filter out white connected regions in the black and white heatmap whose area value is less than the second preset threshold.
3. The method for obtaining the stable duration of TLS according to claim 2, characterized in that, Before the step of filtering white connected regions with a filter area value less than a second preset threshold, the method further includes: The black and white heatmap is filtered to remove pixels that deviate from the white connected regions.
4. The method for obtaining the TLS stability duration according to claim 3, characterized in that, The filtering process includes one of median filtering, Gaussian filtering, bilateral filtering, or convolutional filtering.
5. The method for obtaining the TLS stability duration according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before the step of updating pixels with pixel values greater than or equal to a first preset threshold in the two-dimensional color thermal image to white, and pixels with pixel values less than the first preset threshold to black, to obtain a black-and-white thermal image, the method further includes: Remove the longitudinal stripes that characterize noise in a two-dimensional color thermal image.
6. The method for obtaining the stable duration of TLS according to claim 5, characterized in that, The step of removing vertical stripes from a two-dimensional color thermal image includes: Normalize the value of each pixel in the two-dimensional color heatmap.
7. A method for determining the operating point of a quantum bit, characterized in that, include: The TLS stable duration corresponding to each frequency is obtained by using the method described in any one of claims 1-6 above; Determine the target frequency values corresponding to the maximum and 0 times of TLS stability duration, respectively; The operating point of the qubit is determined based on the target frequency value.
8. The method for determining the operating point of a quantum bit according to claim 7, characterized in that, The step of determining the operating point of the qubit based on the target frequency value includes: Based on the fidelity of the qubit when executing the quantum algorithm at each target frequency value, the target frequency corresponding to the maximum fidelity is determined as the operating point of the qubit.
9. A device for obtaining the stable duration of TLS, characterized in that, include: The first acquisition module is used to apply microwave signals of different frequencies to the qubit and acquire data on the probability of the qubit being in the target quantum state at each frequency as a function of time, so as to form a two-dimensional color heat map; wherein, the horizontal axis of the two-dimensional color heat map is time, the vertical axis is the frequency of the microwave signal, and the probability is represented by the color gradient in the two-dimensional color heat map; The second acquisition module is used to update pixels with pixel values greater than or equal to a first preset threshold in the two-dimensional color heat map to white, and pixels with pixel values less than the first preset threshold to black, so as to acquire a black and white heat map. The third acquisition module is used to acquire the white connected regions in the black and white heat map, and update all white pixels in the white connected regions except for the center pixel to black to obtain the target image; wherein, the center pixel is the pixel at the midpoint of each column of the white connected region. The first determining module is used to determine the TLS stability duration for each frequency based on the number of white pixels at each frequency in the target image and the corresponding time.
10. A quantum computer, comprising a quantum chip, wherein the operating point of the qubits in the quantum chip is determined by the method of claim 7.