A macroscopic quantum state teleportation fidelity enhancement method and system based on address array offset encoding

Abstract

The application discloses a macroscopic quantum state teleportation fidelity enhancement method and system based on address array offset coding. The method encodes a macroscopic quantum state into an address pair in an isosceles trapezoidal address array at a sending end, and a phase is represented by an offset of the address pair relative to a central symmetry axis; address pair positions are continuously read during transmission, and phase locking is performed when the offset exceeds a tolerance, and the address pair is pulled back to an initial position; at a receiving end, address pair positions are read, a phase is reconstructed according to the offset, and an amplitude is reconstructed according to a layer position; and residual phase drift is compensated by searching for a nearest legal layer. The application realizes active security and fidelity enhancement of a phase in a macroscopic quantum state teleportation process, and is suitable for quantum relay network, distributed quantum computing, long-distance quantum communication and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of quantum communication and quantum teleportation, specifically to a method and system for enhancing the fidelity of macroscopic quantum state teleportation based on address array offset encoding. This invention can be applied to quantum repeater networks, distributed quantum computing, long-distance quantum communication, and other application scenarios, and is particularly suitable for scenarios requiring high-fidelity transmission of macroscopic quantum states. Background Technology

[0002] Macroscopic quantum teleportation is a key technology for transferring quantum states from one physical system to another, and it is a core resource for quantum communication and distributed quantum computing. However, macroscopic quantum states face decoherence and fidelity degradation due to environmental noise during transmission, which are major obstacles to the practical application of quantum teleportation. Existing macroscopic quantum teleportation schemes have the following shortcomings: (i) Transmission channel noise leads to a decrease in fidelity. Macroscopic quantum states inevitably interact with the channel environment during transmission, causing quantum state decoherence, and the fidelity decreases exponentially with the increase of transmission distance. (ii) Phase information is lost during transmission. In existing schemes, the phase information of the quantum state is extremely sensitive to channel noise, and the phase drift during transmission is irrecoverable, which makes it impossible for the receiver to reconstruct the complete quantum state. (iii) Lack of active preservation mechanism during transmission. Existing schemes only encode at the sending end and decode at the receiving end, lacking active monitoring and preservation of quantum state integrity during transmission, and are unable to identify and compensate for fidelity loss during transmission. (iv) The contradiction between amplification and fidelity of macroscopic quantum states. Macroscopic quantum states need to be amplified for long-distance transmission, but the amplification process introduces additional noise and fidelity loss. Existing solutions cannot preserve the complete information of the quantum state during the amplification process. Therefore, existing macroscopic quantum teleportation schemes suffer from problems such as decreased transmission fidelity with distance, loss of phase information, and lack of active preservation mechanisms. There is still no teleportation scheme that can continuously monitor and preserve the integrity of the quantum state during transmission. To address the above problems, this invention provides a method and system for enhancing the fidelity of macroscopic quantum state teleportation based on address array offset encoding. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention aims to solve the technical problems of decreased fidelity, loss of phase information, and lack of active preservation mechanism in existing macroscopic quantum teleportation schemes. It provides a method and system for enhancing the fidelity of macroscopic quantum teleportation based on address array offset encoding. The complete information of the quantum state is encoded as the offset of address pairs in the address array. The position of the address pairs is continuously monitored during transmission and reconstructed at the receiving end, thereby achieving active enhancement of fidelity. (I) This invention provides a method for enhancing the fidelity of macroscopic quantum state teleportation based on address array offset encoding, comprising the following steps: Step 1: At the transmitting end, the amplitude information of the macroscopic quantum state to be transmitted is encoded as a first address number, and the phase information is encoded as a second address number. The first address number and the second address number together constitute an address pair. This address pair is located in an isosceles trapezoidal address array, and the phase information is represented by the offset of the address pair relative to the central axis of symmetry of the address array. Step 2: During transmission, the sending end monitoring module continuously reads the position offset of the address pair in the address array. When the address pair drift is detected, the sending end performs a phase locking operation to pull the address pair back to its initial position and compensate for the phase drift caused by noise during transmission. Step 3: After the transmission is completed, the receiving end address pair reading unit reads the position of the received address pair, reconstructs the phase information based on the offset of the address pair relative to the central axis of symmetry, and reconstructs the amplitude information based on the layer position of the address pair. Step 4: The phase reconstruction unit at the receiving end searches for the nearest legitimate layer to the current address pair to perform the final reconstruction of the residual phase drift that was not fully compensated during transmission, and restore the complete quantum state information. Step 5: The receiver outputs the reconstructed macroscopic quantum state, completing the teleportation with enhanced fidelity. (II) The present invention also provides a macroscopic quantum teleportation fidelity enhancement system based on address array offset encoding, comprising: A transmitting end encoding unit is used to encode the amplitude and phase information of the macroscopic quantum state into address pairs in an address array. A transmitting end monitoring and locking unit, connected to the transmitting end encoding unit, is used to continuously read the address pair positions and perform phase locking operations during transmission. A transmission channel interface, connected to the transmitting end monitoring and locking unit, is used to transmit the encoded address pair information through a quantum channel. A receiving end address pair reading unit, connected to the transmission channel interface, is used to read the received address pair positions. A receiving end phase reconstruction unit, connected to the receiving end address pair reading unit, is used to reconstruct the phase information from the address pair offsets. A macroscopic quantum state reconstruction unit, connected to the receiving end phase reconstruction unit, is used to output the complete macroscopic quantum state. (III) The present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) Compared with the existing schemes that only encode at the transmitting end and decode at the receiving end, the present invention continuously monitors and locks the position of the address pair during transmission, and actively compensates for the phase drift caused by transmission noise. (2) Compared with the existing schemes where phase information cannot be recovered after loss, the present invention encodes the phase information into a geometric offset, so that even if drift occurs during transmission, the receiving end can still reconstruct it from the geometric structure of the address array. (3) The transmitting end monitoring and locking mechanism corrects the phase drift in real time during transmission, reducing the residual error when it reaches the receiving end. (4) The receiving end phase reconstruction unit performs final compensation for the residual drift, achieving double fidelity enhancement. (5) It is compatible with existing quantum teleportation hardware platforms and transmission channels. Detailed Implementation

[0004] Example 1: Enhanced fidelity of macroscopic quantum teleportation in fiber optic channels. This embodiment applies the fidelity enhancement method of the present invention to macroscopic quantum teleportation in an optical fiber channel. S1. Transmitter encoding. The amplitude and phase of the macroscopic quantum state to be transmitted are encoded as address pairs in an isosceles trapezoidal address array, and the phase is represented by the offset of the address pair relative to the central symmetry axis. S2. Monitoring and Locking During Transmission. During fiber optic transmission, the transmitting end monitoring module continuously reads the address pair positions at fixed time intervals. When the address pair offset exceeds the tolerance, a phase-locking operation is performed to pull the address pair back to its initial position. S3. Receiver Reading and Reconstruction. The receiver reads the address pair position, reconstructs the phase information based on the offset, and reconstructs the amplitude information based on the layer position. S4. Residual Drift Compensation. The phase reconstruction unit searches for the nearest valid layer to the current address pair and compensates for residual phase drift that was not completely eliminated during transmission. Implementation Results: Theoretical analysis shows that without the fidelity enhancement method of this invention, the fidelity of macroscopic quantum teleportation decreases significantly with increasing fiber length; with the fidelity enhancement method of this invention, the phase drift during transmission is actively compensated, and the fidelity at the receiving end is expected to be significantly improved. Example 2: Enhanced fidelity of macroscopic quantum teleportation in free-space channels. This embodiment applies the fidelity enhancement method of the present invention to macroscopic quantum teleportation in a free-space channel. S1, Transmitter encoding (same as in Example 1). S2. Atmospheric Turbulence Compensation. Phase noise caused by atmospheric turbulence in the free-space channel is detected in real time by the transmitter monitoring module and actively compensated through phase-locking operation. S3. Receiver reconstruction (same as Example 1). Implementation Results: Theoretical analysis shows that atmospheric turbulence is the main factor causing a decrease in fidelity in free-space channels. By employing the active monitoring and locking mechanism of this invention, phase drift caused by turbulence can be effectively suppressed, and the receiver fidelity is expected to be significantly improved. Example 3: Synergy with the Q00143 macroscopic quantum teleportation system. This embodiment integrates the fidelity enhancement method of the present invention into the Q00143 macroscopic quantum teleportation system. S1. Encoding Layer Integration. An address array offset encoding function is added to the transmitting end encoding module of Q00143. S2. Transport layer integration. Address pair location monitoring and locking functionality is added during the transmission process of Q00143. S3. Decoding layer integration. An address pair offset reconstruction function is added to the receiver decoding module of Q00143. Implementation Results: Theoretical analysis shows that after integrating the fidelity enhancement method of this invention, the expected fidelity of macroscopic quantum teleportation of the Q00143 system can be significantly improved, and the fidelity loss caused by channel noise in direct transmission can be effectively suppressed. Attached Figure Description

[0005] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of the overall architecture of the macroscopic quantum state teleportation fidelity enhancement system of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the encoding process at the sending end and the locking process during transmission. Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the receiver address pair reading and phase reconstruction process. Figure 4 This is a timing diagram showing the coordinated operation of the sending and receiving ends. Terminology Explanation

[0006] Transmitter encoding unit: A hardware module that encodes macroscopic quantum states into address pairs in an address array at the start of transmission. Transmitter monitoring and locking unit: A hardware module that continuously reads the address pair position and performs phase locking during transmission. Receiver address pair reading unit: A hardware module that reads the location of the received address pair after transmission is completed. Receiver phase reconstruction unit: A hardware module that reconstructs phase information from address pair offsets.

Claims

1. A method for enhancing the fidelity of macroscopic quantum state teleportation based on address array offset encoding, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: At the transmitting end, the amplitude information of the macroscopic quantum state is encoded as a first address number and the phase information is encoded as a second address number to form an address pair. The address pair is located in an isosceles trapezoidal address array, and the phase is represented by the offset of the address pair relative to the central axis of symmetry. During transmission, the address pair position is continuously read. When the offset exceeds the tolerance, a phase locking operation is performed to pull the address pair back to the initial position. At the receiving end, the address pairs are read to determine the position, and the phase information is reconstructed based on the offset and the amplitude information is reconstructed based on the layer position. The reconstructed macroscopic quantum state is output by searching for the nearest legal layer to the current address to compensate for the residual phase drift.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The phase-locking operation at the transmitting end is performed cyclically at fixed time intervals during transmission to continuously compensate for phase drift caused by transmission noise.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The receiver reconstruction includes: calculating the phase value based on the offset of the address pair relative to the central axis of symmetry, and calculating the amplitude based on the layer position of the address pair.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The residual phase drift compensation is achieved by searching for the nearest valid layer to the current address.

5. A macroscopic quantum state teleportation fidelity enhancement system based on address array offset encoding, characterized in that, include: The transmitting end encoding unit is used to encode macroscopic quantum states into address pairs in an address array; A transmitting end monitoring and locking unit, connected to the transmitting end encoding unit, is used to continuously read the address pair position and perform phase locking operation during transmission; A transmission channel interface, connected to the transmitting end monitoring and locking unit, is used to transmit encoded address pair information; The receiving end address pair reading unit is connected to the transmission channel interface and is used to read the location of the received address pairs; The receiving end phase reconstruction unit is connected to the receiving end address pair reading unit and is used to reconstruct phase information from the address pair offset; A macroscopic quantum state reconstruction unit is connected to the receiving end phase reconstruction unit and is used to output a complete macroscopic quantum state.

6. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The transmitting end monitoring and locking unit reads the address pair position at fixed time intervals, and the offset tolerance is determined by the system fidelity requirements.

7. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The receiver phase reconstruction unit compensates for residual phase drift by searching for the nearest valid layer to the current address.

8. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The system works in conjunction with the Q00143 macroscopic quantum teleportation system as its fidelity enhancement front-end module.

9. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The transmission channel interface is compatible with both fiber optic channels and free space channels.

10. A quantum communication chip, characterized in that: The system includes the macroscopic quantum teleportation fidelity enhancement system according to any one of claims 5-9, wherein the chip is integrated into a quantum repeater or a quantum communication terminal.

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