Blade of wind generating set and wind generating set
By adopting a symmetric dovetail, sawtooth or square tooth engaging structure in the beam body and core material bonding area of the wind turbine blade, the problem of stress concentration in the traditional blade is solved and the reliability and load-bearing capacity of the blade are improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202323662417.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-12-29
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-10
- Estimated Expiration
- 2033-12-29
AI Technical Summary
The reliability of the blades of traditional wind turbines is mainly due to the concentration of stress in the bonding area between the beam body and the core material, resulting in local failure.
A symmetric dovetail, serrated or square-toothed occlusion structure is used to form a symmetrical dovetail, serrated or square-toothed occlusion structure in the bond area, and a symmetrical occlusion method is formed by inserting the concave part through protrusions to avoid stress concentration and improve the symmetry of the bond area.
Effectively prevent the sandwich structure from coupling out-of-plane shear force under the action of in-plane shear flow, preventing the bearing of non-designed loads, significantly improving local stress conditions, and improving the reliability of the blades.
Smart Images
Figure CN222141431U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to a blade of a wind generator set and a wind generator set, in particular to a blade of a wind generator set with improved reliability and a wind generator set. Background Art
[0002] Blades are the main components of wind turbines to absorb wind energy. Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a conventional blade is shown, wherein the length direction of the blade 100 is defined as the span direction, and the width direction of the blade is defined as the chord direction. The blade 100 mainly includes an upper shell, a lower shell and a web, and the upper shell and the lower shell may include an inner skin laminate, an internal structure (sandwich structure) and an outer skin laminate, respectively. The internal structure mainly includes a main beam, a trailing edge beam, a leading edge beam, a composite material composed of fiber and resin, and a core material. The core material mainly includes foam (PVC, PET and other foam core materials) or wood (Balsa wood) materials. There is a bonding area between the main beam, the trailing edge beam and the leading edge beam and the core material. Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a conventional blade in the chord direction is shown; Figure 3 is a schematic enlarged view of the bonding area A between the main beam and the core material; Figure 4 is a schematic enlarged view of the bonding area B between the trailing edge beam and the core material. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the bonding area between the main beam and the core material adopts a direct transition bonding method; Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the trailing edge beam and the core material are combined in the form of a single-sided triangular transition; although the enlarged view of the combination area C of the leading edge beam and the core material is not shown, the combination area C of the leading edge beam and the core material also adopts a direct transition or a single-sided triangular transition. Whether it is a direct transition or a single-sided triangular transition, stress concentration is prone to occur, resulting in local failure in the combination area. Utility Model Content
[0003] The utility model provides a blade of a wind generator set and a wind generator set to improve the problem of low reliability of blades of existing wind generator sets.
[0004] According to one aspect of the utility model, a blade of a wind turbine generator set is provided, the blade comprising a beam body and a core material of the blade combined with the beam body in the chord direction of the blade, wherein the beam body and the core material are combined with each other in a combining area of the blade, one of the beam body and the core material comprises a protrusion, and the other of the beam body and the core material comprises a recess, wherein the protrusion is inserted into the recess, and in the combining area, the protrusion is symmetrical with respect to the center line of the combining area.
[0005] According to the utility model, the protrusion can be formed on the beam body, and the protrusion can be formed by a preformed laminate or a laminate ply.
[0006] According to the utility model, in the cross-sectional view of the blade in the chord direction, the protrusion may be substantially in the shape of an isosceles triangle.
[0007] According to the present invention, the number of the protrusion may be at least one, and the number of the recesses may correspond to the number of the protrusions.
[0008] According to the utility model, in the cross-sectional view of the blade in the chord direction, the protrusion may be rectangular.
[0009] According to the utility model, the bonding area may be located between the inner skin and the outer skin of the blade, and the ratio of the length in the chord direction to the thickness thereof may be 0.5 to 20.
[0010] According to the present invention, the protrusion may be formed by two right-angled triangle-shaped preformed laminate panels.
[0011] According to the present invention, the protrusion may be formed on the core material.
[0012] According to the present invention, the beam body may further include a main body portion connected to the protrusion, and the protrusion and the main body portion may be integrally formed.
[0013] According to the utility model, the beam body can be a main beam, a leading edge beam or a trailing edge beam.
[0014] Another aspect of the present invention provides a wind turbine generator set, comprising: a tower; a nacelle disposed at the top of the tower; a hub rotatably connected to the nacelle; and the above-mentioned blades rotatably connected to the hub.
[0015] According to the blade of the utility model, in the joining area between the beam body and the core material, since the beam body and the core material are combined in a dovetail, sawtooth or square tooth bite manner that is as symmetrical as possible, thereby forming basically symmetrical protrusions and recesses, it is possible to effectively avoid the sandwich structure including the trailing edge beam and the core material from coupling out-of-plane shear force under the action of in-plane shear flow at the inner skin laminate or the outer skin laminate, prevent the sandwich structure from being subjected to forces other than design loads, prevent or significantly improve stress concentration in the sandwich structure, and significantly improve the local stress conditions under the same external load, thereby improving the reliability of the blade.
[0016] According to the blade of the utility model, in the combination area of the beam body and the core material, the core material and the laminated board forming the beam body form an interlocking structure, thereby improving the problem of local core material protrusion. In addition, the locally prefabricated core material chamfer is also easier to adjust than the overall chamfered core material. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0017] The above and / or other purposes and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent through the following description of the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a conventional blade is shown;
[0019] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a conventional blade in the chord direction is shown;
[0020] Figure 3 is a schematic enlarged view of the bonding area A between the main beam and the core material;
[0021] Figure 4 is a schematic enlarged view of the bonding area B between the trailing edge beam and the core material, wherein the stress condition of the bonding area B between the trailing edge beam and the core material is shown;
[0022] Figure 5 A cross-sectional view showing a portion where a beam body and a core material of a blade are combined according to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model;
[0023] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a modified example of a portion where a beam body of a blade is combined with a core material according to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model, wherein a protrusion is formed on the core material;
[0024] Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a modified example of a portion where a beam body of a blade is combined with a core material according to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model, wherein there are two protrusions;
[0025] Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a modified example of a portion where a beam body of a blade is combined with a core material according to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model, wherein the protrusion is rectangular;
[0026] 9A to 9F A process diagram showing a manufacturing process of a portion where a beam body and a core material are combined according to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model;
[0027] Fig.10 is a schematic enlarged view showing a bonding area between a beam body and a core material according to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model, wherein the stress condition of the bonding area between the beam body and the core material is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0028] Now, an exemplary embodiment of the present invention will be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the embodiments of the present invention should not be understood to be limited to the embodiments described herein. The same reference numerals in the figures represent the same or similar structures, and thus their detailed description will be omitted.
[0029] Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of a portion where a beam body and a core material of a blade are combined according to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model is shown.
[0030] like Figure 5 As shown, the blade of a wind turbine generator set according to an exemplary embodiment of the utility model includes a beam body 1 and a core material 2 of the blade combined with the beam body 1 in the chord direction of the blade, wherein the beam body 1 and the core material 2 are combined with each other in a combining area 3 of the blade, one of the beam body 1 and the core material 2 includes a protrusion 11, and the other of the beam body 1 and the core material 2 includes a recess 21, wherein the protrusion 11 is inserted into the recess 21.
[0031] like Figure 5 As shown, the part where the beam body 1 of the blade is combined with the core material 2 mainly includes an inner skin laminate 4, an internal structure (sandwich structure) and an outer skin laminate 5. The internal structure is sandwiched between the inner skin laminate 4 and the outer skin laminate 5, and mainly includes the beam body 1 and the core material 2. The beam body 1 includes a protrusion 11 and a main body 12, and the protrusion 11 protrudes from the main body 12. Optionally, the protrusion 11 and the main body 12 can be formed integrally.
[0032] Alternatively, if Figure 5 As shown, the core material 2 may include a recess 21 , the shape of the recess 21 corresponds to the shape of the protrusion 11 , and the protrusion 11 is inserted into the recess 21 .
[0033] Optionally, the bonding area 3 is defined as an area including both the beam body 1 and the core material 2 in the chord direction of the blade, that is, an area where the beam body 1 and the core material 2 are bonded to each other. The bonding area 3 is located between the inner skin laminate 4 and the outer skin laminate 5 of the blade, and the ratio of the length in the chord direction of the blade to its thickness (the dimension of the bonding area in the direction from the inner skin laminate 4 to the outer skin laminate 5) is 0.5 to 20.
[0034] The center line DD of the bonding area 3 is defined as a line located in the center of the inner skin laminate 4 and the outer skin laminate 5 in a cross section of the blade in the chord direction.
[0035] like Figure 5 As shown, the protrusion 11 may be in the shape of an isosceles triangle, the vertex of the isosceles triangle is located on the midline DD, in which case the protrusion 11 is symmetrical with respect to the midline DD of the bonding area 3. Accordingly, the shape of the recess 21 corresponds to the shape of the protrusion 11 and is also symmetrical with respect to the midline DD of the bonding area 3.
[0036] like Figure 5As shown, in the case where the protrusion 11 is in the shape of an isosceles triangle, the protrusion 11 can be formed by two right-angled triangle preformed laminates, the right-angled sides of the two right-angled triangles are opposite to each other, and the other right-angled sides are located on a straight line, thereby forming the protrusion 11, and the two right-angled triangles are connected to each other by a fabric with a better flow-guiding effect.
[0037] Optionally, Figure 5 The beam body 1 including the protrusion 11 and the main body 12 shown in the figure can be divided into two parts, an upper part and a lower part, from the center line DD. The two parts are connected to each other by a fabric with good flow guiding effect.
[0038] Although Figure 5 The protrusion 11 is shown to be in the shape of an isosceles triangle, but the utility model is not limited to this. The vertex angle of the triangle can deviate from the center line DD upward or downward in the thickness direction of the blade (from the inner skin laminate 4 to the outer skin laminate 5), as long as the protrusion 11 is inserted into the recess 21.
[0039] Optionally, although Figure 5 The protrusion 11 is shown in the shape of an isosceles triangle, but the utility model is not limited thereto. The protrusion 11 may also be in the shape of an isosceles trapezoid, the midpoint of the upper base of the isosceles trapezoid is located on the center line DD, or the protrusion 11 is in the shape of a trapezoid, the midpoint of the upper base of the trapezoid may deviate from the center line DD upward or downward in the thickness direction of the blade, as long as the protrusion 11 is inserted into the recess 21.
[0040] Return to reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 The traditional blade beam (main beam, trailing edge beam or leading edge beam) and the core material are combined in a direct transition or unilateral triangular transition, which results in an extremely asymmetric sandwich structure. The inner skin laminate or outer skin laminate of the blade is easily coupled with out-of-plane shear force under the action of in-plane shear flow, causing the sandwich structure to bear non-design load forces, and stress concentration exists in local structural mutations. For example, Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the bonding area between the beam and the core material is subject to the in-plane shear flow F1. Due to the asymmetric structure of the beam and the core material in the bonding area, it is easy to couple the out-of-plane shear force F2, resulting in stress concentration and cracks at the chamfer termination position of the beam. As the blade becomes longer and longer, the breathing effect near the maximum chord length of the blade aggravates the local stress, which easily causes local failure in the bonding area.
[0041] However, according to the exemplary embodiment of the utility model, the bonding area between the beam body and the core material of the blade is designed symmetrically, so that the local structure is subjected to uniform force, avoiding the sandwich structure from coupling out-of-plane shear force under the action of in-plane shear flow of the inner skin laminate or the outer skin laminate, preventing the sandwich structure from being subjected to forces other than design loads, preventing or significantly improving stress concentration in the sandwich structure, significantly improving the bearing capacity of the sandwich structure, and ultimately improving the reliability of the blade.
[0042] In the present invention, "laminate" refers to a composite material composed of unidirectional or multidirectional fibers and resins, and the fibers may include glass fibers, carbon fibers, aramid fibers, basalt fibers, plant fibers, etc. "Core material" may be a porous material formed by foaming artificial synthetic polymers such as PVC, PET, PU, or balsa, bamboo or other natural lightweight materials.
[0043] Optionally, the protrusion 11 is formed from a preformed laminate or laminate layup.
[0044] Figure 6 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a modified example of a portion where a beam body and a core material of a blade are combined according to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model, wherein a protrusion is formed on the core material 2, and correspondingly, a recess is formed on the beam body 1, and the protrusion is inserted into the recess. Figure 5 The description of the protrusions and recesses of the exemplary embodiments also applies to Figure 6 The protrusions and recesses of the exemplary embodiment of the present invention are different from those of the present invention. Figure 5 The configuration of the exemplary embodiments is similar and will not be described in detail here.
[0045] Figure 7 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a modified example of a portion where a beam body of a blade and a core material are combined according to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model, wherein there are two protrusions and correspondingly, there are also two recesses, and the corresponding protrusions are inserted into the corresponding recesses. Figure 7 As shown, the two protrusions formed on the beam body 1 can be axially symmetrical with respect to the midline of the bonding area, that is, the two protrusions can be formed according to the same size. Each protrusion can be in the shape of an isosceles triangle, and accordingly, the shape of each recess corresponds to the shape of the protrusion.
[0046] like Figure 7 As shown, in the case where the protrusion is in the shape of an isosceles triangle, each protrusion can be formed by two right-angled triangle preformed laminates, the right-angled sides of the two right-angled triangles are opposite to each other, and the other right-angled sides are located on a straight line, thereby forming a protrusion, and the two right-angled triangles are connected to each other by a fabric with a better flow-guiding effect.
[0047] Although Figure 7The protrusion is shown to be in the shape of an isosceles triangle, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and the protrusion may also be in a triangular shape other than an isosceles triangle, as long as the protrusion can be inserted into the recess.
[0048] Optionally, although Figure 7 Each protrusion is shown in the shape of an isosceles triangle, but the utility model is not limited thereto. The protrusion may also be in the shape of an isosceles trapezoid, or the protrusion may also be in other trapezoidal shapes other than an isosceles trapezoid, as long as the protrusion is inserted into the recess.
[0049] Although Figure 7 The number of protrusions is shown to be two, but more than two protrusions and a corresponding number of recesses may be formed according to the thickness of the blade shell. As long as the sandwich structure can be subjected to uniform stress locally, the sandwich structure can be prevented from bearing forces not designed for the sandwich structure, the stress concentration of the sandwich structure can be significantly improved, the bearing capacity of the sandwich structure can be enhanced, and the reliability of the blade can be improved.
[0050] Although Figure 7 It is shown that the protrusions are formed on the beam body 1 and the recesses are formed on the core material 2 , but the present invention is not limited thereto, and the protrusions may also be formed on the core material 2 , and correspondingly, the recesses may be formed on the beam body 1 .
[0051] Figure 8 A cross-sectional view showing a modified example of a portion where a beam body and a core material of a blade are combined according to an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model, wherein the protrusion is rectangular.
[0052] like Figure 8 As shown, in the cross-sectional view of the blade in the chord direction, the protrusion 11 is rectangular, and the distance between the first edge 111 of the protrusion 11 close to the inner skin laminate 4 of the blade and the inner skin laminate 4 is substantially equal to the distance between the second edge 112 of the protrusion 11 close to the outer skin laminate 5 of the blade and the outer skin laminate 5. The protrusion 11 is rectangular, and the shape of the recess 21 corresponds to the shape of the protrusion 11. Except for the different shapes of the protrusion and the recess, the other structures are the same as Figure 5 The configuration of the exemplary embodiments is similar and will not be described in detail here.
[0053] Although Figure 8 It is shown that the protrusions are formed on the beam body 1 and the recesses are formed on the core material 2 , but the present invention is not limited thereto, and the protrusions may also be formed on the core material 2 , and correspondingly, the recesses may be formed on the beam body 1 .
[0054] Although Figure 8The number of rectangular protrusions is shown to be two, but more than two protrusions and a corresponding number of recesses may be formed according to the thickness of the shell of the blade. As long as the local force of the sandwich structure can be uniform, the sandwich structure can be prevented from being subjected to a force not designed for the load, the stress concentration of the sandwich structure can be significantly improved, the bearing capacity of the sandwich structure can be improved, and the reliability of the blade can be improved.
[0055] The utility model also provides a wind power generator set, which comprises: a tower; a nacelle arranged at the top of the tower; a hub rotatably connected to the nacelle; and the blades rotatably connected to the hub.
[0056] 9A to 9F A process diagram showing a manufacturing process of a portion where a beam body and a core material are combined according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
[0057] Refer to the following 9A to 9F The manufacturing process of the combined portion of the beam body and the core material according to the exemplary embodiment of the present utility model is briefly described. 9A to 9F As shown, the first step is to lay the outer skin layer; the second step is to lay the core material; the third step is to lay the outer skin side core material and chamfer it; the fourth step is to lay the preformed laminate or lay the laminate layer; the fifth step is to lay the inner skin side core material and chamfer it; the sixth step is to lay the inner skin layer to complete the laying of the joint part of the beam body and the core material.
[0058] Although Fig.9D The whole preformed laminate or the whole laminate ply is shown, but the utility model is not limited thereto. The whole preformed laminate or the whole laminate ply can also be replaced by gradually staggered ply ... Fig.9D The overall laying of preformed laminates or the overall laying of laminate plies.
[0059] Fig.10 is a schematic enlarged view showing a bonding area between a beam body and a core material according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, wherein the stress condition of the bonding area between the beam body and the core material is shown.
[0060] like Fig.10 As shown, the bonding area between the beam body and the core material is only subjected to the in-plane shear flow F1. Since the structures of the beam body and the core material in the bonding area are symmetrical, there is no coupled out-of-plane shear force caused by structural asymmetry in the prior art, that is, the bonding area between the beam body and the core material is subjected to uniform force and is not prone to cracks.
[0061] In the present invention, the protrusions or recesses do not need to be completely symmetrical, but only need the joining area to be in the form of a dovetail, sawtooth or square tooth that is as symmetrical as possible.
[0062] According to the blade of the utility model, in the joining area between the beam body and the core material, since the beam body and the core material are combined in a dovetail, sawtooth or square tooth bite manner that is as symmetrical as possible, thereby forming basically symmetrical protrusions and recesses, the sandwich structure including the trailing edge beam and the core material can be effectively prevented from coupling out-of-plane shear forces under the action of in-plane shear flow at the inner skin laminate or the outer skin laminate, preventing the sandwich structure from being subjected to forces other than design loads, preventing or significantly improving stress concentration in the sandwich structure, and significantly improving the local stress conditions under the same external load, thereby improving the reliability of the blade.
[0063] According to the blade of the utility model, in the combination area of the beam body and the core material, the core material and the laminated board forming the beam body form an interlocking structure, thereby improving the problem of local core material protrusion. In addition, the locally prefabricated core material chamfer is also easier to adjust than the overall chamfered core material.
[0064] In the present invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.
[0065] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0066] For the sake of convenience, directional terms such as front, back, up, down, horizontal, and vertical are used to describe the structure and operation method of the device, but the setting direction of the device is not limited to this. The device can be flipped front to back, upside down, or positioned at other angles.
[0067] The features, structures or characteristics described in the utility model can be combined in one or more embodiments in any suitable manner. In the above description, many specific details are provided to provide a full understanding of the embodiments of the utility model. However, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the technical solution of the utility model can be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or other methods, components, materials, etc. can be adopted. In other cases, known structures, materials or operations are not shown or described in detail to avoid blurring the various aspects of the utility model.
Claims
1. A blade of a wind turbine generator set, the blade comprising a beam body (1) and a core material (2) of the blade connected to the beam body (1) in the chord direction of the blade, characterized in that: The beam body (1) and the core material (2) are combined with each other in a combining area (3) of the blade, one of the beam body (1) and the core material (2) comprises a protrusion (11), and the other of the beam body (1) and the core material (2) comprises a recess (21), wherein the protrusion (11) is inserted into the recess (21), and in the combining area, the protrusions are symmetrical with respect to a center line of the combining area.
2. The blade of a wind turbine generator set according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protrusion (11) is formed on the beam body (1), and the protrusion (11) is formed by a preformed laminate or a laminate layup.
3. The blade of a wind turbine generator set according to claim 2, characterized in that: In a cross-sectional view of the blade in the chord direction, the protrusion (11) is in the shape of an isosceles triangle.
4. The blade of a wind turbine generator set according to claim 3, characterized in that: There is at least one protrusion (11), and the number of the recesses (21) corresponds to the number of the protrusions (11).
5. The blade of a wind turbine generator set according to claim 2, characterized in that: In a cross-sectional view of the blade in the chord direction, the protrusion (11) is rectangular.
6. The blade of a wind turbine generator set according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bonding area (3) is located between the inner skin laminate (4) and the outer skin laminate (5) of the blade, and has a ratio of its length in the chord direction to its thickness of 0.5 to 20.
7. The blade of a wind turbine generator set according to claim 3, characterized in that: The protrusion (11) is formed from two right-angled triangle-shaped preformed laminate sheets.
8. The blade of a wind turbine generator set according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protrusion (11) is formed on the core material (2).
9. The blade of a wind turbine generator set according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The beam body (1) further comprises a main body portion (12) connected to the protrusion (11), wherein the protrusion (11) and the main body portion (12) are integrally formed.
10. The blade of a wind turbine generator set according to claim 9, characterized in that: The beam body (1) is a main beam, a leading edge beam or a trailing edge beam.
11. A wind turbine generator set, characterized in that: include: Tower; A nacelle, arranged at the top of the tower; a wheel hub rotatably connected to the nacelle; The blade according to any one of claims 1 to 10, being rotatably connected to the hub.