Gradient gap pulse ultra-wideband filtering antenna

Abstract

The utility model discloses a gradually changing gap pulse ultra wide band filtering antenna, which comprises a dielectric substrate, a characteristic impedance microstrip line, an anti-resistance square patch and an L-shaped slot line, the characteristic impedance microstrip line is arranged on the rear wall of the dielectric substrate, and the anti-resistance square patch in a step gradually changing form is arranged on the outer wall of the characteristic impedance microstrip line. The front wall of the dielectric substrate is provided with a linear gradual change gap, one side, close to the linear gradual change gap, of the dielectric substrate is provided with a coplanar waveguide transmission line, and the inner wall of the dielectric substrate is provided with an L-shaped slot line penetrating through the coplanar waveguide transmission line. Therefore, the introduction of the linear gradual change gap can eliminate scattering generated by structure sudden change, the lowest working frequency with impedance matching bandwidth is reduced, and the antenna also has the characteristic of miniaturization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of filter antennas, in particular to a gradient slot pulse ultra-wideband filter antenna. Background Art

[0002] Ultra-wideband antenna is a new type of wireless communication technology. It directly modulates impulse pulses with very steep rise and fall times to make the signal have a bandwidth of GHz. Ultra-wideband antenna standard ultra-wideband requires a relative bandwidth ratio of 20% higher or an absolute bandwidth greater than 0.5GHz, and its transmission rate can exceed 100Mbps. Systems with such characteristics are called UWB systems.

[0003] As a wireless communication technology, ultra-wideband technology has been widely used in high-resolution ultra-wideband radar, ground-penetrating radar, precise positioning systems, etc. In recent years, the application of this technology in short-distance indoor high-speed wireless communication has attracted people's attention.

[0004] However, the existing tapered slot pulse ultra-wideband filter antenna has the following problems during use: from the perspective of traditional technology, the broadband characteristics of the second process of energy transfer can be easily achieved, but the broadband characteristics of the first process of energy transfer, that is, the impedance matching of the tapered slot antenna, is a difficult point in the research of the tapered slot ultra-wideband antenna. In addition, considering the structural strength, the antenna wall should be as thick as possible, but too thick will cause the antenna to be overweight as a whole. In order to reduce the load of the transmission mechanism and servo system, the antenna needs to be designed to reduce weight. Utility Model Content

[0005] The utility model aims to provide a gradient slot pulse ultra-wideband filtering antenna to solve the related problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions: a gradient slot pulse ultra-wideband filter antenna, comprising a dielectric substrate, a characteristic impedance microstrip line, an impedance square patch and an L-shaped slot line, wherein the rear wall of the dielectric substrate is installed with the characteristic impedance microstrip line, and the outer wall of the characteristic impedance microstrip line is provided with a step-gradient impedance square patch, the front wall of the dielectric substrate is provided with a linear gradient slot, the side of the dielectric substrate close to the linear gradient slot is provided with a coplanar waveguide transmission line, and the inner wall of the dielectric substrate is provided with an L-shaped slot line running through the coplanar waveguide transmission line.

[0007] The technical solution provides a gradient slot pulse ultra-wideband filtering antenna, wherein the dielectric substrate material is a metal ground plate.

[0008] The technical solution provides a gradient slot pulse ultra-wideband filtering antenna, wherein a weight-reducing groove is provided inside the dielectric substrate, and the weight-reducing groove is located between the coplanar waveguide transmission lines.

[0009] The technical solution provides a gradient slot pulse ultra-wideband filter antenna, wherein the position size accuracy of the coplanar waveguide transmission line and the linear gradient slot is 0.05mm, the symmetry is 0.03mm, and the flatness requirement is 0.1mm.

[0010] The technical solution provides a gradient slot pulse ultra-wideband filter antenna, wherein the linear gradient slot 7 is in the shape of a conical horn slot.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the utility model provides a gradient slot pulse ultra-wideband filter antenna, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0012] 1. The utility model uses a conical horn slot with a linear gradient slot to change the slot impedance. The electrical size of the antenna does not change with the frequency, so that the impedance bandwidth of the antenna can meet the requirements of ultra-wideband. As the frequency increases, the antenna performance becomes more sensitive to discontinuous structures. Therefore, the introduction of a linear gradient slot can eliminate the scattering caused by structural mutations, and the minimum operating frequency with impedance matching bandwidth becomes smaller. The antenna also has miniaturization characteristics.

[0013] 2. The utility model designs a weight-reducing groove between each row of coplanar waveguide transmission lines in the radiation layer, and also designs a coplanar waveguide transmission line at the corresponding position of the coupling layer, so that the coplanar waveguide transmission line is connected to the atmosphere, thereby increasing the heating area of ​​the parts during the welding process, making the heating more uniform, ensuring that there is no enclosed space when the parts are assembled and welded, and avoiding the problem of deformation caused by gas expansion in the enclosed space during heating. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the utility model;

[0016] Figure 3 It is a left-side structural schematic diagram of the utility model.

[0017] In the figure: 1. Dielectric substrate; 2. Characteristic impedance microstrip line; 3. Metal ground plane; 4. Impedance square patch; 5. L-shaped slot line; 6. Coplanar waveguide transmission line; 7. Linear gradient gap; 8. Weight reduction slot. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0019] Embodiment 1, as Figure 1-2 As shown, the utility model provides a technical solution: a gradient slot pulse ultra-wideband filter antenna, comprising a dielectric substrate 1, a characteristic impedance microstrip line 2, an impedance square patch 4 and an L-shaped slot line 5, the rear wall of the dielectric substrate 1 is installed with the characteristic impedance microstrip line 2, and the outer wall of the characteristic impedance microstrip line 2 is provided with a step-gradient impedance square patch 4, the front wall of the dielectric substrate 1 is provided with a linear gradient slot 7, the side of the dielectric substrate 1 close to the linear gradient slot 7 is provided with a coplanar waveguide transmission line 6, the dielectric substrate 1 material adopts a metal ground plate 3, the dielectric substrate 1 is provided with a weight reduction groove 8, and the weight reduction groove 8 is located between the coplanar waveguide transmission lines 6, the front side of the dielectric substrate is a metal ground plate 3, and a slot structure is etched on the metal ground plate 3, including a slot structure in a feeding structure and a slot structure in a radiation structure. The slot structure is divided into three sections: the first section is the L-shaped slot line 5, which plays a coupling role and mainly affects the transmission of electromagnetic waves; the second section is the coplanar waveguide transmission line 6, and the electric field is distributed in the two slots in a balanced odd mode to obtain a phase field, which mainly affects the distribution mode of electromagnetic waves; the third section is the linear gradient slot 7, which plays an impedance matching role and guides the radiation of electromagnetic waves. The feeding end of the antenna is coupled to the slot line through the characteristic impedance microstrip line 2, and then the electromagnetic wave is transmitted to the linear gradient slot 7 through the slot line to the coplanar waveguide transmission line 6 structure, and finally radiated to the free space from the end of the gradient slot. In the gradient slot antenna, the conical horn slot of the linear gradient slot 7 is used to change the slot impedance, and the electrical size of the antenna does not change with the frequency, so that the impedance bandwidth of the antenna can meet the requirements of ultra-wideband. As the frequency increases, the antenna performance becomes more sensitive to discontinuous structures. Therefore, the introduction of the linear gradient gap 7 can eliminate the scattering caused by structural mutations, thereby reducing the minimum operating frequency with impedance matching bandwidth. The antenna also has miniaturization characteristics.

[0020] Embodiment 2, as Figure 1-3As shown, the utility model provides a technical solution: a gradient slot pulse ultra-wideband filtering antenna, comprising an L-shaped slot line 5 penetrating a coplanar waveguide transmission line 6 on the inner wall of the dielectric substrate 1, the position size accuracy of the coplanar waveguide transmission line 6 and the linear gradient slot 7 is 0.05mm, the symmetry is 0.03mm, and the flatness requirement is 0.1mm. By designing a weight-reducing slot 8 between each column of coplanar waveguide transmission lines 6 in the radiation layer, and also designing a coplanar waveguide transmission line 6 at the corresponding position of the coupling layer, the coplanar waveguide transmission line 6 is connected to the atmosphere, the heating area of ​​the parts during the welding process is increased, the heating is more uniform, and it is ensured that there is no enclosed space when the parts are assembled and welded, avoiding the problem of deformation caused by gas expansion in the enclosed space during heating.

[0021] Working principle: First, the front of the dielectric substrate is a metal ground plate 3, on which a slot structure is etched, including a slot structure in the feeding structure and a slot structure in the radiation structure. The slot structure is divided into three sections: the first section is an L-shaped slot line 5, which plays a coupling role and mainly affects the transmission of electromagnetic waves; the second section is a coplanar waveguide transmission line 6, in which the electric field is distributed in a balanced odd-mode mode in the two slots to obtain a co-phase field, which mainly affects the distribution mode of electromagnetic waves; the third section is a linear gradient slot 7, which plays an impedance matching role and guides the radiation of electromagnetic waves. The feeding end of the antenna is coupled to the slot line through the characteristic impedance microstrip line 2, and then the electromagnetic wave is transmitted to the linear gradient slot 7 through the slot line to the coplanar waveguide transmission line 6 structure, and finally radiated to the free space from the end of the gradient slot. In the gradient slot antenna, the linear gradient conical horn slot is used to change the slot impedance, and the electrical size of the antenna does not change with the change of frequency, so that the impedance bandwidth of the antenna can meet the requirements of ultra-wideband. As the frequency increases, the antenna performance becomes increasingly sensitive to discontinuous structures. Therefore, the introduction of the linear gradient gap 7 can eliminate the scattering caused by structural mutations, thereby achieving a smaller minimum operating frequency with an impedance matching bandwidth. The antenna also has a miniaturized feature. By designing a weight-reducing groove 8 between each column of coplanar waveguide transmission lines 6 in the radiation layer, and also designing a coplanar waveguide transmission line 6 at the corresponding position of the coupling layer, the coplanar waveguide transmission line 6 is connected to the atmosphere, thereby increasing the heated area of ​​the parts during the welding process, making the heating more uniform, and ensuring that there is no enclosed space when the parts are assembled and welded, thus avoiding the problem of deformation caused by the expansion of gas in the enclosed space during heating.

[0022] Finally, it should be noted that the above content is only used to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model, rather than to limit the protection scope of the utility model. Simple modifications or equivalent substitutions of the technical solution of the utility model by ordinary technicians in this field do not deviate from the essence and scope of the technical solution of the utility model.

Claims

1. A gradient slot pulse ultra-wideband filter antenna, comprising a dielectric substrate, a characteristic impedance microstrip line, an impedance square patch and an L-shaped slot line, characterized in that: A characteristic impedance microstrip line is installed on the rear wall of the dielectric substrate, and a step-gradient impedance square patch is arranged on the outer wall of the characteristic impedance microstrip line. A linear gradient gap is opened on the front wall of the dielectric substrate, a coplanar waveguide transmission line is opened on one side of the dielectric substrate close to the linear gradient gap, and an L-shaped slot line penetrating the coplanar waveguide transmission line is opened on the inner wall of the dielectric substrate.

2. The gradient slot pulse ultra-wideband filter antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dielectric substrate material is a metal grounding plate.

3. The gradient slot pulse ultra-wideband filter antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: A weight-reducing groove is provided inside the dielectric substrate, and the weight-reducing groove is located between the coplanar waveguide transmission lines.

4. The gradient slot pulse ultra-wideband filter antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positional dimensional accuracy of the coplanar waveguide transmission line and the linear gradient gap is 0.05 mm, the symmetry is 0.03 mm, and the flatness requirement is 0.1 mm.

5. The gradient slot pulse ultra-wideband filter antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The linear gradient gap 7 is in the shape of a conical horn slot.

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