Pipe piece

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of linings of underground chambers, and particularly provides a duct piece. The duct piece comprises a fixing piece, at least one end of the two ends of the fixing piece is provided with a telescopic piece capable of moving in the axial direction, the telescopic piece is connected with the fixing piece through a telescopic mechanism, and under the action of the telescopic mechanism, the telescopic piece is provided with an extending position keeping the extending state relative to the fixing piece and a retracting position keeping the retracting state relative to the fixing piece. The radius of the outer side face of the telescopic piece is smaller than that of the fixed piece. Due to the fact that the radius of the outer side face of the telescopic part is smaller than that of the outer side face of the fixing part, the telescopic part does not make contact with the tunnel hole wall after being assembled, in the moving process of the telescopic part, the outer side face of the telescopic part does not make contact with the tunnel hole wall, friction resistance does not exist naturally, and convenience is improved when the duct piece is disassembled.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of lining of underground chambers, in particular to a pipe segment. Background Art

[0002] For deep buried mines, high ground stress mines, weak expansive rocks and other soft rock with large deformation geology, after tunneling, the surrounding rock is easily deformed due to the influence of ground stress, resulting in tunnel section convergence, floor bulging and other problems. In serious cases, collapse and other accidents may occur. For mine rock tunnels, the commonly used support forms are "anchor net cable" support and on-site cast concrete support. However, the support strength of "anchor net cable" support is insufficient, the support speed of on-site cast concrete is slow, and the labor intensity of workers is high, which cannot meet the safety support requirements for soft rock tunnel excavation.

[0003] Reinforced concrete segments have extremely strong rigidity, which can effectively ensure the stability of support, and because the segments can be prefabricated on the ground, the support efficiency is also high. However, the traditional segments have limited pressure relief and deformation ranges, and the release of ground stress to a certain stage may cause brittle failure of the segments. Therefore, segment support has not yet been promoted and applied in soft rock large deformation tunnel support.

[0004] In order to provide a tunnel support system that can provide stable support and absorb pressure and energy, a rigid-flexible hybrid technical concept is proposed. Figure 1 As shown, the applicant has proposed a pipe segment 1 formed by rigid segments arranged in a front-to-back manner in the axial direction, and an anchor net cable support segment 2 formed by anchor rods 202 and a support net 201. This rigid and flexible support system has both good support effects and the ability to release energy through deformation, and is suitable for tunnels with large deformation geology.

[0005] In the face of the problem of how to construct the above-mentioned support system, based on the applicant's long-term accumulated technical foundation in this field, the applicant proposed a technical solution of using full-section tunneling equipment to advance forward, assembling segments during the tunneling process, and subsequently disassembling the segments according to needs and carrying out anchor net cable support construction. Since the segments need to be disassembled later, improving the efficiency of segment disassembly is related to the overall construction efficiency.

[0006] After searching and comparing, a Chinese patent document with application publication number CN112324473A (publication date: 2021.02.05) provides a telescopic steel pipe segment for the construction of a communication channel, the pipe segment includes a bottom bearing plate, and the bottom bearing plate can be telescopic in the width direction. Combined with the drawings in its specification, it can be determined that when in use, the bottom bearing plate of the pipe segment is used to fit the cave wall (bearing, supporting), and the bottom bearing plate moves along the cave wall, thereby achieving telescopic movement in the width direction. The interior of the bottom support plate is also provided with a steel pipe frame, a stress-bearing steel pipe, a limit bolt and other structures to limit the bottom bearing plate to remain in an extended state. When disassembly is required, the limit bolt is released, and the bottom bearing plate can be retracted in the width direction and separated from the pipe segment adjacent to the width direction. Compared with the non-retractable pipe segment, it has a higher disassembly efficiency.

[0007] After analysis, it can be known that the outer side of the bottom bearing plate of the above-mentioned pipe segment is used to support the cave wall. During the retraction process, the outer side of the bottom bearing plate is the sliding surface. But in fact, after the pipe segment is assembled, the outer side surface used to support the cave wall is relatively tightly matched with the cave wall. The outer side surface will be subjected to greater pressure from the cave wall, especially in soft rock with large deformation geology, where the release of ground stress will cause the outer side surface to be subjected to greater pressure. Therefore, there is a large friction resistance when the outer side surface slides. In fact, for the above-mentioned pipe segment, when disassembling the pipe segment, a large force is required to overcome the friction resistance to push the bottom bearing plate to retract, which is very inconvenient to operate.

[0008] It should be noted here that the technical solutions described above are for the purpose of facilitating the understanding, retrieval and examination of the utility model and do not necessarily belong to the prior art. Utility Model Content

[0009] The utility model aims to provide a pipe segment to solve the technical problem of inconvenient operation caused by excessive retraction resistance of the telescopic pipe segment in the prior art.

[0010] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution of the pipe segment provided by the utility model is:

[0011] A pipe segment includes a fixing part for supporting a tunnel wall, at least one of the two axial ends of the fixing part is provided with an axially movable telescopic part, the telescopic part is connected to the fixing part via a telescopic mechanism, under the action of the telescopic mechanism, the telescopic part has an extended position for maintaining an extended state relative to the fixing part and a retracted position for maintaining a retracted state relative to the fixing part, and the radius of the outer side surface of the telescopic part is smaller than the radius of the outer side surface of the fixing part.

[0012] As a further improvement, the telescopic mechanism includes a driving rod that can move linearly to drive the telescopic member to move, and the fixed member is provided with a guiding structure, and the driving rod and the guiding structure are in guiding cooperation.

[0013] As a further improvement, a guide cylinder is installed on the inner side of the fixing member, the driving rod passes through the guide cylinder, and the inner hole of the guide cylinder forms a guide structure.

[0014] As a further improvement, the fixing member includes a support plate, and at least two axially spaced mounting plates are provided on the inner side of the support plate. Each mounting plate is provided with mounting holes coaxially arranged with each other, and the guide cylinder is inserted into the mounting hole.

[0015] As a further improvement, the telescopic mechanism includes a telescopic cylinder; the driving rod is formed by the piston rod of the telescopic cylinder, or the driving rod is connected to the piston rod of the telescopic cylinder.

[0016] As a further improvement, telescopic parts are arranged at both axial ends of the fixing part, and the telescopic oil cylinder is a double piston rod oil cylinder.

[0017] As a further improvement, two or more telescopic mechanisms are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the segment.

[0018] As a further improvement, telescopic members are provided at both ends of the fixing member.

[0019] As a further improvement, an attachment portion for attaching the supporting net is provided on the outer side surface of the fixing piece, and the fixing piece has a through hole for the anchor rod to pass through.

[0020] As a further improvement, the through hole is centrally arranged along the width direction of the fixing piece.

[0021] The beneficial effect is that the utility model is a pioneering invention. Specifically, when assembling the segments, under the action of the telescopic mechanism, the telescopic member maintains an outwardly extended position, thereby abutting against the axially adjacent segments, and in the assembled state, the fixing member maintains a state of supporting the tunnel wall, wherein the outer side surface of the fixing member is in close contact with the tunnel (tunnel) wall. When it is necessary to disassemble the segments, under the action of the telescopic mechanism, the telescopic member maintains a retracted state, thereby separating from the axially adjacent segments, at which time the disassembly efficiency is high and the segments can be reused. Since the radius of the outer side surface of the telescopic member is smaller than the radius of the outer side surface of the fixing member, after assembly, the telescopic member does not contact the tunnel wall, so during the movement of the telescopic member, the outer side surface of the telescopic member will not contact the tunnel wall, and naturally there is no friction resistance, thereby improving the convenience of disassembling the segments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a tunnel support system suitable for construction of an embodiment of the pipe segment of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of a certain process of construction of an embodiment of a pipe segment in the utility model;

[0024] Figure 3It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pipe segment embodiment of the utility model in a state of being assembled into a ring during construction;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a partial cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the pipe segment in the utility model.

[0026] Description of reference numerals:

[0027] 1. Pipe segment; 2. Anchor net cable support segment; 201. Support net; 202. Anchor rod; 3. Telescopic pipe segment; 301. Perforation; 302. Telescopic cylinder; 303. Support plate; 304. Telescopic part; 305. Mounting plate; 306. Guide cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to reduce the resistance of the pipe segment during disassembly and reduce the workload of the staff, the basic technical concept of the utility model is to provide a pipe segment including a fixing part and a telescopic part. When assembled and used, the fixing part is mainly used to support the tunnel wall. The telescopic part is arranged at the end of the fixing part and can move axially relative to the fixing part. When assembled, the telescopic part extends and abuts against the pipe segment adjacent in the axial direction to ensure normal assembly. When disassembly is required, the telescopic part retracts and separates from the pipe segment adjacent in the axial direction. At the same time, by reasonably designing the relationship between the radius size of the outer side surface of the telescopic part and the radius size of the outer side surface of the fixing part, it is ensured that there is a gap between the telescopic part and the tunnel wall in the assembled state, so that the telescopic part does not actually contact the tunnel wall when moving, and will not be subject to the friction resistance of the tunnel wall.

[0029] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments and drawings.

[0030] The specific embodiment of the pipe segment provided by the utility model is as follows:

[0031] When constructing in soft rock formations with large deformation, it is necessary to release the pressure energy in consideration of the later release of ground stress, such as Figure 1 The rigid-flexible mixed support system including the pipe segment 1 and the anchor cable support segment 2 is an ideal support method. As a feasible construction method, full-section excavation equipment can be used during construction. During the excavation process, the pipe segments can be assembled while excavating, which can stabilize the support and provide a stable counter-support force for the full-section excavation equipment to move forward. Figure 2 As shown, after the main machine of the full-section tunneling equipment has excavated forward a certain distance, some of the pipe segments that have been spliced ​​into a ring can be disassembled according to the needs of support, and construction work of the anchor net cable support section 2 can be carried out in the disassembly area, such as laying the support net 201, driving anchor rods 202, etc.

[0032] From the perspective of construction efficiency, how to efficiently and quickly remove the pipe segments that need to be removed is a key issue related to the overall construction efficiency. This embodiment provides a telescopic pipe segment, namely a telescopic pipe segment 3. Specifically, Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the telescopic segment 3 includes a fixing part, a telescopic part 304 and a telescopic mechanism. The fixing part is an arc-shaped structure as a whole, and has two inner and outer sides and two front and rear ends. When assembled, the fixing part plays a role in supporting the tunnel wall. The side that fits tightly with the tunnel wall is the outside, and the other side opposite to the outside is the inside. The excavation direction or the driving direction of the tunnel is defined as the front and rear directions, and the front and rear ends of the fixing part also correspond to the two ends in the axial direction. The telescopic part 304 can move axially relative to the fixing part, and the axial movement should be understood as the movement in the front and rear directions. When assembled, the telescopic part 304 needs to be extended and abutted against the adjacent segment. At this time, it can be understood that the telescopic part 304 is in the extended position; when disassembled, the telescopic part 304 needs to be retracted and separated from the adjacent segment. At this time, it can be understood that the telescopic part 304 is in the retracted position. The function of the telescopic mechanism is to drive the telescopic part 304 to move and keep the telescopic part 304 in a certain position (extended position and retracted position).

[0033] The telescopic member 304 is also an arc-shaped structure as a whole, preferably, an arc-shaped plate-like structure, i.e., an arc-shaped plate. When the telescopic member 304 is retracted, the fixed member remains stationary, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the radius of the outer side surface of the telescopic part 304 is smaller than the radius of the outer side surface of the fixed part. Therefore, after the assembly is completed, the outer side surface of the telescopic part 304 and the tunnel wall are clearance-matched. Naturally, the telescopic part 304 will not rub against the tunnel wall during the movement, which is convenient for the staff to disassemble.

[0034] In fact, as a pipe segment with higher disassembly efficiency, telescopic members 304 can be arranged at both ends of the axial direction of the fixing member, so that the telescopic members 304 can be controlled to move and automatically separated from the adjacent pipe segments on the front and rear sides. Of course, in other implementations, the telescopic member 304 is arranged at only one end, and the disassembly efficiency is improved compared with the solution without the telescopic member 304.

[0035] It should be noted here that, in fact, the telescopic member 304 can be separated from the adjacent pipe segment as long as it can be retracted, so the retraction stroke of the telescopic member 304 does not need to be too large, for example, 10 mm can meet the demand, and at this time it will not affect the overall stability of the support.

[0036] Considering that the size and weight of some segments used in large-diameter tunnels are actually relatively large, in order to improve the stability of the telescopic member 304 when moving, the telescopic mechanism is equipped with a linearly movable driving rod, and the movement of the driving rod can drive the telescopic member 304 to move. At the same time, a guide structure is provided on the fixed member, and the driving rod and the guide structure are guided and matched. The guide structure can provide stable support for the driving rod to balance the gravity of the telescopic member 304 and ensure the stability of the telescopic member 304 during movement. Of course, for the segments used in small tunnels, their size and weight are also relatively small. At this time, if the telescopic member 304 is made of lightweight engineering plastics, in this embodiment, it is not necessary to configure the guide structure.

[0037] Furthermore, in order to improve the guiding stability, e.g. Figure 3 As shown, the guide structure is formed by a guide cylinder 306 fixedly mounted on the inner side of the fixing member. The driving rod passes through the guide cylinder 306, and the inner hole of the guide cylinder 306 forms the guide structure. Since the guide cylinder 306 is a circumferentially fully enclosed structure, the driving rod can also be guided in all directions, and naturally has higher guiding stability. Of course, in other embodiments, the guide structure can select other non-enclosed structures, such as circumferentially uniformly distributed guide fingers, and multiple fingers are clamped on the outer periphery of the driving rod, which can also achieve the guiding effect on the driving rod.

[0038] As a preferred solution, Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the fixing member includes a support plate 303, and two axially spaced mounting plates 305 are provided on the inner side of the support plate 303. The mounting plates 305 are provided with mounting holes for mounting the guide cylinder 306, and the mounting holes are coaxially arranged. During installation, the guide cylinder 306 is inserted into the mounting hole. Specifically, the guide cylinder 306 can be interference fitted in the mounting hole, or the guide cylinder 306 and the mounting hole are clearance fitted, and the guide cylinder 306 is inserted into the mounting hole and then welded to the mounting plate 305. The guide cylinder 306 installed in this way can be supported by the mounting plate 305, and has higher stability. At the same time, the mounting plate 305 also has the function of strengthening the strength of the support plate 303, which is equivalent to a reinforcing rib, and can also improve the overall strength of the telescopic segment 3. It should be noted here that there are at least two mounting plates 305, and if space permits, there can be more than two mounting plates 305.

[0039] Of course, in other implementations, the guide tube 306 can also be directly welded to the inner side of the fixing member or welded to the inner side of the fixing member through a welding bracket.

[0040] Further, the telescopic mechanism includes a telescopic cylinder 302, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the telescopic movement of the telescopic cylinder 302 can be controlled to drive the telescopic member 304 to move and maintain the position of the telescopic member 304. When the telescopic mechanism includes the telescopic cylinder 302, the above-mentioned drive rod can be an independent drive rod, and the drive rod can be connected to the piston rod of the telescopic cylinder 302. The connection referred to here should be a rigid connection. Of course, the drive rod can also be directly formed by the piston rod of the telescopic cylinder 302. Of course, in other embodiments, the telescopic mechanism can also select an electric push rod.

[0041] In the case where telescopic members 304 are arranged at both ends of the fixed member, the telescopic cylinder 302 is preferably a double piston rod cylinder, which is convenient for controlling the telescopic members 304 at both ends to move simultaneously, and the structure is also relatively compact. Of course, in the case where the width of the fixed member is relatively wide, an independent telescopic mechanism can also be arranged for each telescopic member 304.

[0042] Regardless of the type of telescopic mechanism used, for larger segments, such as Figure 3 As shown, more than two can be arranged along the circumference of the pipe segment, so that the telescopic member 304 can be subjected to multi-point thrust or pull when moving, and the stability is higher.

[0043] When the telescopic segment 3 is used in Figure 1 In the case of the rigid-flexible mixed support system shown in FIG. 1 , since the telescopic segment 3 needs to be disassembled and the anchor cable support section 2 needs to be constructed, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the support net 201 (such as a steel mesh) can be attached to the outer side of the fixing in advance. Specifically, the support net 201 can be fixed to the fixing by using a simple fixing, or the support net 201 can be bonded to the fixing by using adhesive. That is to say, the outer side of the fixing is provided with an attachment portion for attaching the support net. At the same time, a perforation 301 is reserved in the fixing, and the perforation 301 can be passed through by the anchor rod 202. During construction, after the telescopic segment 3 is assembled in place, the support net 201 is also supported on the tunnel wall. At this time, the anchor rod 202 is drilled through the perforation 301 and the anchor rod 202 is connected to the support net 201, thereby improving the efficiency. Considering the overall stress condition of the telescopic segment 3, in order to ensure that the telescopic segment 3 has a strong strength, the above-mentioned perforation 301 is preferably arranged in the center along the width direction of the telescopic segment 3.

[0044] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Although the utility model is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the above embodiments without creative work, or replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A pipe segment, characterized in that: The invention comprises a fixing part for supporting a tunnel wall, wherein at least one of the two axial ends of the fixing part is provided with an axially movable telescopic part, the telescopic part is connected to the fixing part through a telescopic mechanism, and under the action of the telescopic mechanism, the telescopic part has an extended position for maintaining an extended state relative to the fixing part and a retracted position for maintaining a retracted state relative to the fixing part, and the radius of the outer side surface of the telescopic part is smaller than the radius of the outer side surface of the fixing part.

2. The segment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic mechanism comprises a driving rod which can move linearly to drive the telescopic member to move, and the fixing member is provided with a guiding structure, and the driving rod and the guiding structure are in guiding cooperation.

3. The tube segment according to claim 2, characterized in that: A guide cylinder is installed on the inner side of the fixing piece, the driving rod passes through the guide cylinder, and the inner hole of the guide cylinder forms a guide structure.

4. The tube segment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fixing member comprises a supporting plate, at least two axially spaced mounting plates are arranged on the inner side of the supporting plate, each mounting plate is provided with mounting holes coaxially arranged with each other, and the guide cylinder is inserted into the mounting hole.

5. The pipe segment according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: The telescopic mechanism comprises a telescopic oil cylinder; the driving rod is formed by the piston rod of the telescopic oil cylinder, or the driving rod is connected to the piston rod of the telescopic oil cylinder.

6. The tube segment according to claim 5, characterized in that: Both ends of the fixing part are provided with telescopic parts, and the telescopic oil cylinder is a double piston rod oil cylinder.

7. The pipe segment according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: More than two telescopic mechanisms are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the segment.

8. The pipe segment according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: Both axial ends of the fixing piece are provided with telescopic pieces.

9. The pipe segment according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: An attachment portion for attaching the supporting net is arranged on the outer side surface of the fixing piece, and the fixing piece has a through hole for the anchor rod to pass through.

10. The segment according to claim 9, characterized in that: The through hole is centrally arranged along the width direction of the fixing piece.

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