Nuclear ray intensity attenuation law measurement experiment device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a nuclear ray intensity attenuation law measurement experiment device, which belongs to the technical field of nuclear science and technology experiments, aims at solving the problems that the measurement distance is inaccurate and the size of a surface pollution measurement instrument is limited, and comprises a standard substance box body, the front surface of the standard substance box body is provided with a range finder fixing port; the upper part of the standard substance box body is fixedly connected with a placing plate, the middle of the placing plate is provided with a standard substance placing port, the upper part of the inner bottom surface of the standard substance box body is fixedly connected with a supporting positioning rod, the top surface of the supporting positioning rod is fixedly connected with a top end fixing plate, and the supporting positioning rod penetrates through the placing plate; according to the utility model, the continuous controllability of the distance between the detector of the surface pollution detector and the radioactive standard substance in the experiment process is ensured by rotating the hand-cranking ball screw rod, and the high-precision millimeter-level laser range finder is attached, so that the experiment distance can be accurately measured, and the experiment accuracy is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of nuclear science and technology experiments, and specifically relates to an experimental device for measuring the attenuation law of nuclear ray intensity. Background Art

[0002] In the field of nuclear science and technology experiments, the measurement of the attenuation law of nuclear radiation intensity is an important part of nuclear science experiments and is also the most basic experiment in the field of nuclear radiation measurement. In the experiment to verify the law that the intensity of nuclear radiation is inversely proportional to the square of the distance, the experiment used to only manually change the distance between the detector and the radioactive standard material. The linear distance of each movement was not accurate enough, and a certain central angle change would occur. The measurement experiment operation was not rigorous, resulting in poor accuracy of data analysis.

[0003] At present, there are few experimental devices to verify the law that nuclear radiation intensity is inversely proportional to the square of the distance, and they are very simple. In the experiment, the distance between the detector and the radioactive standard material is changed manually or by padding with support plates of different thicknesses. These are relatively simple operation methods, which can easily lead to inaccurate distance measurements, and the measurement distance cannot be changed continuously. The linear law of the experimental results obtained in the end is far from the theoretical results.

[0004] Therefore, a nuclear radiation intensity attenuation law measurement experimental device with continuous and precise adjustment of the detection distance is needed to solve the problems of inaccurate measurement distance and limited size of surface contamination measuring instruments in the prior art. Utility Model Content

[0005] The utility model aims to provide a nuclear ray intensity attenuation law measurement experimental device with continuously adjustable detection distance, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions: a nuclear radiation intensity attenuation law measurement experimental device, comprising a standard material box, a rangefinder fixing port is provided on the front of the standard material box, a placement plate is fixedly connected to the top of the standard material box, a standard material placement port is provided in the middle of the placement plate, a support positioning rod is fixedly connected to the top of the inner bottom surface of the standard material box, a top fixing plate is fixedly connected to the top surface of the support positioning rod, and the support positioning rod passes through the placement plate.

[0007] A lifting plate is arranged above the placing plate, and the lifting plate is slidably connected to the outside of the supporting positioning rod, and a rectangular opening is opened in the middle of the lifting plate, and a hand-held rock ball screw is rotatably connected to the inner bottom surface of the standard material box, and a threaded barrel is fixedly connected to the lower right side of the lifting plate by bolts, and a connecting block is rotatably connected to the upper end of the hand-held rock ball screw, and the connecting block is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the top fixing plate by bolts, and the threaded barrel is threadedly connected to the outer surface of the hand-held rock ball screw.

[0008] It should be noted in the solution that the top fixing plate is in a U-shape, and there are three supporting positioning rods, which are symmetrically fixed below the top fixing plate.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment, the hand-cranked ball screw passes through the placement plate, the threaded cylinder, the lifting plate, the connecting block and the top fixing plate from bottom to top, and a hand crank handle is installed at the top of the hand-cranked ball screw.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment, an L-shaped bracket is symmetrically arranged above the lifting plate, a fixing cylinder is symmetrically fixedly connected above the transverse plate of the L-shaped bracket, and a horn screw is threadedly connected inside the fixing cylinder.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, convex grooves are symmetrically opened on both sides of the lifting plate, the bottom of the horn screw is arranged inside the convex groove, and a disc is fixedly connected to the bottom of the horn screw, and the size of the disc is larger than the top surface size of the convex groove.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the experimental device for measuring the attenuation law of nuclear radiation intensity provided by the utility model has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0013] (1) By turning the hand-held rocker screw, the distance between the detector of the surface contamination detector and the radioactive standard material can be continuously controlled during the experiment. A high-precision millimeter-level laser rangefinder is also attached to accurately measure the experimental distance, thereby improving the accuracy of the experiment.

[0014] (2) The distance between the two L-shaped brackets can be adjusted by means of the provided horn screws and L-shaped brackets, and surface contamination measuring instruments of different sizes on the market can be fixed, thereby increasing the versatility of the radiation intensity attenuation measurement experiment.

[0015] (3) The standard material box can hold a surface source with a maximum size of 20×20 cm, or a lead can with a maximum diameter of 15 cm. It has a built-in gamma radiation source. This device reduces the specific requirements for the radiation source and can use more radioactive standard materials to complete this experiment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a front view structural schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the lifting plate of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the threaded barrel installation structure of the utility model.

[0020] In the figure: 1. Material box; 2. Rangefinder fixing port; 3. Placement plate; 4. Standard material placement port; 5. Hand-held rock ball screw; 6. Support positioning rod; 7. Top fixing plate; 8. Lifting plate; 9. Connecting block; 10. Threaded cylinder; 11. Cranium screw; 12. Fixing cylinder; 13. L-shaped bracket; 14. Convex groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0022] See also Figure 1-4 The utility model provides a nuclear ray intensity attenuation law measurement experimental device, comprising a standard material box 1, a rangefinder fixing port 2 is provided on the front of the standard material box 1, a placement plate 3 is fixedly connected to the top of the standard material box 1, a standard material placement port 4 is provided in the middle of the placement plate 3, a support positioning rod 6 is fixedly connected to the top of the inner bottom surface of the standard material box 1, a top fixing plate 7 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the support positioning rod 6, and the support positioning rod 6 passes through the placement plate 3;

[0023] The standard material box 1 can hold a surface source of up to 20×20 cm, or a lead can with a maximum diameter of 15 cm, with a built-in gamma radiation source. The standard material can be placed inside the standard material box 1, or on the top surface of the standard material box 1 through a pad net or a flat plate.

[0024] Further as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, it is worth specifically explaining that the top fixing plate 7 is in a U-shape, and there are three supporting positioning rods 6, which are symmetrically fixed below the top fixing plate 7;

[0025] The top fixing plate 7 is in a U-shape so that when the surface contamination measuring instrument fixed on the lifting plate 8 is lifted or lowered by the hand-rock ball screw 5, the shell of the surface contamination measuring instrument can easily pass through the U-shaped groove of the top fixing plate 7, thereby increasing the effective distance between the radioactive standard material and the surface contamination measuring instrument. The maximum effective distance reaches 300 mm, which almost meets the effective measurement distance of all common α, β rays and weak γ standard sources.

[0026] Further Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, it is worth to explain in detail that a lifting plate 8 is arranged above the placement plate 3, the lifting plate 8 is slidably connected to the outside of the supporting positioning rod 6, and a rectangular opening is opened in the middle of the lifting plate 8;

[0027] The support and positioning rod 6 is not only a supporting rod connecting the whole structure, but also a positioning lifting plate, which prevents the lifting plate 8 from deviating from the center and keeps it level.

[0028] Further Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, it is worth explaining in detail that the inner bottom surface of the standard material box 1 is rotatably connected to a hand-operated rock ball screw 5, a threaded tube 10 is fixedly connected to the lower right side of the lifting plate 8 by bolts, the upper end of the hand-operated rock ball screw 5 is rotatably connected to a connecting block 9, the connecting block 9 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the top fixed plate 7 by bolts, and the threaded tube 10 is threadedly connected to the outer surface of the hand-operated rock ball screw 5.

[0029] Further Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, it is worth to explain in detail that the hand-operated rock ball screw 5 passes through the placement plate 3, the threaded cylinder 10, the lifting plate 8, the connecting block 9 and the top fixing plate 7 from bottom to top, and a hand crank handle is installed at the top of the hand-operated rock ball screw 5;

[0030] The hand-cranked ball screw 5 is a standard finished product component on the market. It is the power component of the entire device. The ball screw is rotated by turning the hand crank to drive the lifting plate 8 to move vertically. The hand-cranked ball screw 5 is equipped with a stop valve, which can be stopped at any position, ensuring that the lifting plate 8 on which the surface contamination measuring instrument is placed stops stably at the stop point, and the experiment can be measured continuously. The maximum distance variation of the hand-cranked ball screw 5 is 30 cm, which can completely cover the range of various α and β radiation sources in the air, and can also adapt to the exemption-level weak gamma radiation source, and can easily complete the theoretical design requirements of the nuclear ray intensity attenuation law experiment, and can accurately make the nuclear ray intensity attenuation law curve.

[0031] According to the above working process, it can be known that by rotating the hand-rock ball screw 5, the continuous controllability of the distance between the detector of the surface contamination detector and the radioactive standard material is guaranteed during the experiment, and a high-precision millimeter-level laser rangefinder is attached to accurately measure the experimental distance and improve the accuracy of the experiment.

[0032] Further Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, it is worth explaining in detail that an L-shaped bracket 13 is symmetrically arranged above the lifting plate 8, a fixing cylinder 12 is symmetrically fixedly connected above the transverse plate of the L-shaped bracket 13, and a horn screw 11 is threadedly connected inside the fixing cylinder 12.

[0033] Further Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, it is worth specifically explaining that convex grooves 14 are symmetrically opened on both sides of the lifting plate 8, the bottom of the horn screw 11 is arranged inside the convex groove 14, and a disc is fixedly connected to the bottom of the horn screw 11, and the size of the disc is larger than the top surface size of the convex groove 14;

[0034] The clevis screw 11 may be an M4 clevis screw with a washer.

[0035] This solution has the following working process: when in use, adjust the distance between the two L-shaped brackets 13 according to the size of the surface contamination measuring instrument: first rotate the horn screw 11, then move the position of the L-shaped bracket 13, adjust the distance between the L-shaped brackets 13, and finally rotate the horn screw 11 in the opposite direction, and fix the position of the L-shaped bracket 13 by tightly fitting the bottom disc with the upper inner wall of the convex groove 14, and place the surface contamination measuring instrument above the L-shaped bracket 13; fix the laser rangefinder on the standard material box 1 through the rangefinder fixing port 2, and then place the radioactive standard material on the top surface of the box through the flat plate; then rotate the hand-held rock ball screw 5 to drive the lifting plate 8 to move vertically, and by changing the distance difference between the upper surface contamination measuring instrument and the radioactive standard material, use the laser rangefinder to measure the distance variable each time, and record the data of the surface contamination measuring instrument at different positions to complete the experiment.

[0036] In summary: by turning the hand-rock ball screw 5, the distance between the detector of the surface contamination detector and the radioactive standard material is ensured to be continuously controllable during the experiment, and a high-precision millimeter-level laser rangefinder is attached to accurately measure the experimental distance, thereby improving the accuracy of the experiment; by means of the provided horn screws 11 and L-shaped brackets 13, the distance between the two L-shaped brackets 13 can be adjusted, and surface contamination measuring instruments of different sizes on the market can be fixed, thereby increasing the versatility of the radiation intensity attenuation measurement experiment; by means of the provided standard material box 1, a surface source of up to 20×20 cm can be placed, and a lead can of up to 15 cm in diameter can also be placed, and a gamma radiation source is built in. The device reduces the specific requirements for the radiation source, and more radioactive standard materials can be used to complete the experiment.

Claims

1. An experimental device for measuring the attenuation law of nuclear radiation intensity, comprising a material box (1), characterized in that: The front of the material box (1) is provided with a rangefinder fixing port (2), a placement plate (3) is fixedly connected to the top of the material box (1), a material placement port (4) is provided in the middle of the placement plate (3), a support positioning rod (6) is fixedly connected to the top of the inner bottom surface of the material box (1), a top fixing plate (7) is fixedly connected to the top surface of the support positioning rod (6), and the support positioning rod (6) passes through the placement plate (3); A lifting plate (8) is arranged above the placement plate (3), and the lifting plate (8) is slidably connected to the outside of the supporting positioning rod (6), and a rectangular opening is opened in the middle of the lifting plate (8). The inner bottom surface of the material box (1) is rotatably connected to a hand-held rock ball screw (5), and a threaded tube (10) is fixedly connected to the lower right side of the lifting plate (8) by bolts. The upper end of the hand-held rock ball screw (5) is rotatably connected to a connecting block (9), and the connecting block (9) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the top fixing plate (7) by bolts, and the threaded tube (10) is threadedly connected to the outer surface of the hand-held rock ball screw (5).

2. The nuclear radiation intensity attenuation law measurement experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top fixing plate (7) is in a U-shape, and there are three supporting positioning rods (6). The three supporting positioning rods (6) are symmetrically fixed below the top fixing plate (7).

3. The nuclear radiation intensity attenuation law measurement experimental device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hand-operated ball screw (5) passes through the placement plate (3), the threaded cylinder (10), the lifting plate (8), the connecting block (9) and the top fixing plate (7) from bottom to top, and a hand crank handle is installed at the top of the hand-operated ball screw (5).

4. The nuclear radiation intensity attenuation law measurement experimental device according to claim 3, characterized in that: An L-shaped bracket (13) is symmetrically arranged above the lifting plate (8), a fixing cylinder (12) is symmetrically fixedly connected above the transverse plate of the L-shaped bracket (13), and a horn screw (11) is threadedly connected inside the fixing cylinder (12).

5. The nuclear radiation intensity attenuation law measurement experimental device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lifting plate (8) is symmetrically provided with convex grooves (14), the bottom of the horn screw (11) is arranged inside the convex groove (14), and the bottom of the horn screw (11) is fixedly connected with a disc, and the size of the disc is larger than the top surface size of the convex groove (14).

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