Single-layer double-frequency microstrip transmit-receive antenna device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a single-layer double-frequency microstrip transmit-receive antenna device, which comprises a conductive grounding plane, a double-sided copper-clad dielectric substrate, a parasitic antenna unit, a plurality of feed probes and non-metal fixing screws, and is characterized in that the double-sided copper-clad dielectric substrate is mounted on the upper surface of the conductive grounding plane through the non-metal fixing screws; a first radiation sheet and a second radiation sheet are respectively attached to the upper surface and the lower surface of the double-sided copper-clad dielectric substrate, the parasitic antenna unit is arranged on the peripheral edge of the double-sided copper-clad dielectric substrate and is located between the double-sided copper-clad dielectric substrate and the conductive grounding plane, and the plurality of feed probes are arranged on the double-sided copper-clad dielectric substrate. The microstrip patch antenna provided by the utility model is different from a common microstrip patch antenna with coaxial probe feed and side feed in a laminated structure, has the advantages of compact structure, simple feed, high gain, small phase center elevation difference of the antenna, low cost, easy processing and easy realization of circular polarization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of microstrip antennas, and in particular relates to a single-layer dual-frequency microstrip transceiver antenna device. Background Art

[0002] Currently, satellite navigation and positioning equipment is increasingly used in fields such as positioning, measurement, timing, high-precision agriculture and intelligent transportation. In order to obtain high-precision positioning requirements above the decimeter level, navigation equipment generally uses RTK (real-time dynamic differential method) technology. At this time, the antenna of the equipment generally has dual-frequency characteristics, and should have a wider working bandwidth (gain bandwidth, beam bandwidth and axial ratio bandwidth), and a more compact size, and simple processing and manufacturing. Microstrip patch antennas are widely used because of their small shape, low cost, easy conformal, easy processing and easy circular polarization.

[0003] Traditional microstrip antennas generally achieve dual-frequency by stacking, that is, one layer generally achieves one working frequency band, and two layers are stacked to achieve dual-frequency. The upper layer generally achieves higher frequency radiation, and the lower layer achieves lower frequency radiation. The lower patch acts as the floor of the upper patch. This structure is more complicated to feed, and the upper patch often affects the performance of the lower patch, causing the performance of the lower patch to decline. At the same time, because the upper patch feeding coaxial line passes through the lower patch, the inherent radiation patch of the lower layer is destroyed, reducing the effective size of the lower layer, and the upper patch is stacked on the lower layer, causing the lower layer The parameters such as characteristic impedance, loss and phase velocity change, and the double-layer patch feeding is coupled with each other, resulting in a reduction in the impedance bandwidth and axial ratio bandwidth of the lower patch.

[0004] In addition, ordinary microstrip antennas have a narrow working bandwidth and cannot cover multiple satellite navigation systems well. If the bandwidth is increased, it is often necessary to use a medium with a low dielectric constant as the antenna substrate material. In this case, the cost of using high-frequency microwave materials is relatively high.

[0005] Ordinary microstrip antennas use dielectric materials as the main dielectric substrate. For broadband reception, the dielectric substrate needs to be thickened, especially for low-frequency bands, which generally needs to reach 8mm~15mm. This will increase the surface wave on the antenna surface, which will affect the antenna performance. In addition, as the antenna dielectric thickens, the product weight increases, and the cost will increase sharply (high cost). And if the single-layer dielectric increases to more than 5mm, general manufacturers cannot process it, resulting in great processing difficulty and high processing cost, which will also increase the product defect rate.

[0006] Therefore, a single-layer dual-frequency microstrip transceiver antenna device that reduces interference from lower-layer patches is urgently needed. Utility Model Content

[0007] In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the utility model provides a single-layer dual-frequency microstrip transceiver antenna device.

[0008] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0009] The utility model provides a single-layer dual-frequency microstrip transceiver antenna device, comprising a conductive ground plane, a double-sided copper-clad dielectric substrate, a parasitic antenna unit, a plurality of feeding probes and non-metallic fixing screws, wherein the double-sided copper-clad dielectric substrate is mounted on the upper surface of the conductive ground plane by the non-metallic fixing screws, a first radiating plate and a second radiating plate are attached to the upper surface and the lower surface of the double-sided copper-clad dielectric substrate respectively, the parasitic antenna unit is arranged on the four peripheral edges of the double-sided copper-clad dielectric substrate and is located between the double-sided copper-clad dielectric substrate and the conductive ground plane, and the plurality of feeding probes are arranged on the double-sided copper-clad dielectric substrate.

[0010] Preferably, the first radiation plate resonates to generate low frequency, and the second radiation plate resonates to generate high frequency, and the first radiation plate and the second radiation plate are attached to the upper surface and the lower surface of the double-sided copper-clad dielectric substrate by etching.

[0011] Preferably, the first radiation plate and the second radiation plate are circular, square or symmetrical polygonal, and a middle hole having a shape corresponding to the circular, square or symmetrical polygonal is provided in the middle of the first radiation plate and the second radiation plate.

[0012] Preferably, the first radiation plate and the second radiation plate are provided with a plurality of feeding short-circuit holes corresponding to each other along the circumferential direction thereof, the non-metallic fixing screws are arranged in the feeding short-circuit holes, and the first radiation plate and the second radiation plate are connected via the feeding short-circuit holes.

[0013] Preferably, the dielectric constant of the double-sided copper-clad dielectric substrate is 3.65-6.15, and the thickness of the double-sided copper-clad dielectric substrate is 0.5-2.0 mm.

[0014] Preferably, the plurality of feeding probes include four orthogonally arranged feeding probes, and a short-circuit pin is provided at the center of the feeding probe.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] (1) The first radiating plate and the second radiating plate realize two resonant frequencies, high and low, on the same substrate, which is convenient for individual tuning.

[0017] (2) The double-sided copper-clad dielectric substrate uses low-cost engineering plastic copper-clad laminates or conventional double-sided circuit boards, which are low-cost.

[0018] (3) Four feeding probes are used to feed downwards through coupling and introduced into the feeding network. The feeding probes are not connected to the first radiating plate and the second radiating plate, so that the antenna working bandwidth is wider and the phase center is more stable.

[0019] (4) The parasitic antenna unit improves the antenna axial ratio, increases the beam width of the antenna radiation, and reduces the product size.

[0020] (5) The utility model is different from the common stacked structure coaxial probe feeding and side feeding microstrip patch antenna. It has a compact structure, simple feeding, high gain, small antenna phase center elevation difference, low cost, easy processing, and easy to achieve circular polarization. It meets the application requirements of high and low frequency signal reception (or transmission) of the four major operating satellite navigation systems, and is particularly suitable for GNSS precision measurement and positioning system terminal equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a single-layer dual-frequency microstrip transceiver antenna device of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a bottom view of a single-layer dual-frequency microstrip transceiver antenna device of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the feeding network in the utility model;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of simulation results of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0026] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and the like indicate directions or positional relationships based on the drawings in the specification. Figure 1 The orientation or positional relationship shown is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0027] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0028] like Figure 1 to Figure 2As shown, this embodiment provides a single-layer dual-frequency microstrip transceiver antenna device, including a conductive ground plane 1, a double-sided copper-clad dielectric substrate 3, a parasitic antenna unit 2, four feeding probes 6 and non-metallic fixing screws 8. The dielectric constant of the double-sided copper-clad dielectric substrate 3 is 3.65-6.15, and the thickness of the double-sided copper-clad dielectric substrate 3 is 0.5-2.0 mm. In this embodiment, 0.5 mm, 1.0 mm or 2.0 mm can be selected according to actual needs. The double-sided copper-clad dielectric substrate 3 is mounted on the upper surface of the conductive ground plane 1 by non-metallic fixing screws 8, and the upper and lower surfaces of the double-sided copper-clad dielectric substrate 3 are respectively attached with a first radiation plate 4 and a second radiation plate 5 by etching. Four feeding short-circuit holes 7 are opened on the first radiation plate 4 and the second radiation plate 5 along their circumferential direction, and the first radiation plate 7 and the second radiation plate 5 are connected through the feeding short-circuit hole 7, and the non-metallic fixing screw 8 is arranged in the feeding short-circuit hole 7. The double-sided copper-clad dielectric substrate uses a low-cost engineering plastic copper-clad board or a conventional double-sided circuit board, which is low in cost. The first radiation plate 4 resonates to generate a low frequency, and the second radiation plate 5 resonates to generate a high frequency, realizing high and low resonant frequencies on the same substrate, which is convenient for separate tuning.

[0029] Specifically, according to actual conditions, the first radiation sheet 4 and the second radiation sheet 5 can be circular, square or symmetrical polygonal, and a middle hole having a shape corresponding to the circular, square or symmetrical polygonal is provided in the middle of the first radiation sheet 4 and the second radiation sheet 5. In this embodiment, the first radiation sheet 4 and the second radiation sheet 5 are preferably circular, and a circular middle hole is provided in the middle of the first radiation sheet 4 and the second radiation sheet 5.

[0030] Specifically, the parasitic antenna unit 2 is arranged on the four edges of the double-sided copper-clad dielectric substrate 3 and is located between the double-sided copper-clad dielectric substrate and the conductive ground plane. The four feeding probes 64 are orthogonally arranged on the double-sided copper-clad dielectric substrate 3, and a short-circuit pin is provided in the center of the feeding probe. The four feeding probes are fed downward by coupling and introduced into the feeding network. The feeding probes are not connected to the first radiation plate and the second radiation plate, so that the antenna working bandwidth is wider and the phase center is more stable. This embodiment uses four orthogonal feeding probes, and every two adjacent ones are subjected to signal phase shifting. After simulation ( Figure 4 ), after combining, a good circular polarization signal is output. Feeding network ( Figure 3 )The microstrip feeding network consists of two 90-degree phase-shifted couplers and a microstrip 180 coupler. Adding a short-circuit pin in the center can suppress multi-mode harmonics.

[0031] Generally speaking, the more feeding points an antenna has, the better its symmetry is, and the higher the stability of the phase center is. The antenna of this embodiment adopts a uniformly symmetrical 4-feed point coaxial feeding structure on each layer, which ensures the stability of the phase center of the antenna from the design point of view, and enables the antenna to receive right-hand circularly polarized waves. In this embodiment, the parasitic antenna unit improves the antenna axial ratio, increases the beam width of the antenna radiation, and reduces the product size.

[0032] This embodiment is different from the common stacked structure coaxial probe feeding and side feeding microstrip patch antenna, with compact structure, simple feeding, high gain, small antenna phase center elevation difference, low cost, easy processing, and easy to achieve circular polarization. It meets the application requirements of high and low frequency signal reception (or transmission) of the four major operating satellite navigation systems, and is particularly suitable for GNSS precision measurement and positioning system terminal equipment.

[0033] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Although the utility model is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the above embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A single-layer dual-frequency microstrip transceiver antenna device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a conductive ground plane (1), a double-sided copper-clad dielectric substrate (3), a parasitic antenna unit (2), a plurality of feeding probes (6) and a non-metallic fixing screw (8), wherein the double-sided copper-clad dielectric substrate (3) is mounted on the upper surface of the conductive ground plane (1) by means of the non-metallic fixing screw (8), a first radiating plate (4) and a second radiating plate (5) are attached to the upper surface and the lower surface of the double-sided copper-clad dielectric substrate (3), respectively, the parasitic antenna unit (2) is arranged on the four edges of the double-sided copper-clad dielectric substrate (3) and is located between the double-sided copper-clad dielectric substrate and the conductive ground plane, and the plurality of feeding probes (6) are arranged on the double-sided copper-clad dielectric substrate (3).

2. The single-layer dual-frequency microstrip transceiver antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first radiation plate (4) resonates to generate a low frequency, and the second radiation plate (5) resonates to generate a high frequency. The first radiation plate (4) and the second radiation plate (5) are attached to the upper surface and the lower surface of the double-sided copper-clad dielectric substrate (3) by etching.

3. The single-layer dual-frequency microstrip transceiver antenna device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first radiation sheet (4) and the second radiation sheet (5) are circular, square or symmetrical polygonal, and a middle hole having a shape corresponding to the circular, square or symmetrical polygonal is provided in the middle of the first radiation sheet (4) and the second radiation sheet (5).

4. The single-layer dual-frequency microstrip transceiver antenna device according to claim 3, characterized in that The first radiation sheet (4) and the second radiation sheet (5) are provided with a plurality of feed short-circuit holes (7) in a one-to-one correspondence along the circumferential direction thereof, the non-metallic fixing screws (8) are arranged in the feed short-circuit holes (7), and the first radiation sheet (4) and the second radiation sheet (5) are connected via the feed short-circuit holes (7).

5. The single-layer dual-frequency microstrip transceiver antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dielectric constant of the double-sided copper-clad dielectric substrate (3) is 3.65 to 6.15, and the thickness of the double-sided copper-clad dielectric substrate (3) is 0.5 to 2.0 mm.

6. The single-layer dual-frequency microstrip transceiver antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of feeding probes (6) include four orthogonally arranged feeding probes, with a short-circuit pin being provided at the center of the feeding probe.

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