Microstrip ternary antenna array for ultra wide band

Abstract

The microstrip ternary antenna array comprises at least one radiation sheet, a first dielectric plate, a second dielectric plate, a third dielectric plate and at least one metal ground, the first dielectric plate, the second dielectric plate and the third dielectric plate are stacked up and down, and an air gap is reserved between the second dielectric plate and the third dielectric plate. The radiation sheet is arranged on the top layer of the first dielectric plate, and the metal ground is arranged on the bottom layer of the third dielectric plate. The radiation sheet is provided with a microstrip line. According to the microstrip ternary antenna array for the ultra wide band, the microstrip structure radiation sheet is adopted, the radiation pattern is hemispherical, the microstrip ternary antenna array has the advantages of large gain, low profile, dual polarization and the like, the problem of null trap under an omnidirectional antenna array is solved, the profile is much lower than that of a monopole structure antenna array, and the antenna array is more compact. The dual-polarization characteristic can solve the problem of inaccurate positioning of the tag in different attitudes, and the antenna is more suitable for being used as a built-in antenna.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a microstrip three-element antenna array for ultra-wideband. Background Art

[0002] The world's four major satellite navigation systems can accurately locate in open outdoor environments, but they basically lose their positioning capabilities when there are buildings blocking the indoor environment. People spend about 80% of their time indoors, so there is a wide demand for indoor positioning and navigation services. UWB (ultra-wideband) is an indoor positioning technology that has inherent advantages in multipath resistance, low complexity, and time synchronization. Its indoor positioning accuracy is usually high. Commonly used TDOA positioning requires at least 4 base stations to calculate the location information. Multi-base station positioning technology is not very suitable for positioning in small rooms and small areas. Single-base station AOA positioning technology is more suitable for small rooms and small areas, which can greatly reduce the deployment of positioning base stations, thereby reducing costs.

[0003] The antenna array is an indispensable part of AOA single base station positioning. If the antenna array is not designed properly, it will have a significant impact on the positioning effect. This patent proposes a microstrip three-element antenna array for ultra-wideband, which has the advantages of hemispherical radiation direction, high gain, low profile, dual polarization, etc., and is very suitable for use in ultra-wideband single base station positioning products.

[0004] Chinese patent document CN 217281211 U discloses an ultra-wideband three-element antenna array, including a dielectric plate and a metal ground, the metal ground is printed on the front of the dielectric plate; it also includes three array elements, each array element includes a metal array, a microstrip line, a radio frequency connector, a metal array circular gap, a radio frequency connector circular gap, a feed pin connected to the radio frequency connector, and a pad; wherein the metal array is located above the metal ground, the microstrip line is printed on the back of the dielectric plate, the metal array is welded to one end of the microstrip line through the metal array circular gap, the feed pin passes through the radio frequency connector circular gap and is connected to the other end of the microstrip line and welded to the pad; the array element antenna impedance bandwidth of the three array elements is greater than 1GHz, and the three array elements form a circular array; the metal array is a monopole structure. The metal array in this technical solution is an antenna radiator, adopts a monopole structure, is an omnidirectional radiation pattern, and the maximum radiation gain of the antenna is around the antenna, but the monopole structure has a null dip directly below the antenna, which will cause the communication terminal to measure the angle data inaccurately when it is directly below the antenna array.

[0005] Chinese patent document CN 219643114 U discloses a parasitic-element-based monopole decoupling three-element antenna array, comprising a dielectric plate and a metal floor, the metal floor being printed on one side of the dielectric plate, characterized in that it also comprises three array elements distributed with the center of the metal floor as the center of a circle; each array element comprises a monopole, a microstrip line and a radio frequency connector, one end of the microstrip line is connected to the radio frequency connector, and the other end is connected to the monopole, and the microstrip line is printed on the other side of the dielectric plate; with the center of the metal floor as the center of a circle and located above the dielectric plate, a number of parasitic elements are distributed, and the several parasitic elements all pass through the dielectric plate and are respectively connected to the metal floor. The array elements of the antenna array in this technical solution are all metal array monopole structures, which are omnidirectional radiation patterns, and the maximum radiation gain of the antenna is around the antenna, but the pattern of the monopole structure has a null dip directly below the antenna, which will cause inaccurate angle measurement data when the communication terminal is directly below the antenna array. Utility Model Content

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a microstrip three-element antenna array for ultra-wideband, which adopts a microstrip structure radiation plate, the radiation pattern is hemispherical, has the advantages of large gain, low profile, dual polarization, etc., and is very suitable for ultra-wideband single base station positioning products.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the utility model is as follows: the microstrip three-element antenna array for ultra-wideband includes at least one radiating plate, a dielectric plate one, a dielectric plate two, a dielectric plate three and at least one metal ground, the dielectric plate one, the dielectric plate two and the dielectric plate three are stacked up and down and an air gap is left between the dielectric plate two and the dielectric plate three, the radiating plate is arranged on the top layer of the dielectric plate one, and the metal ground is arranged on the bottom layer of the dielectric plate three; a microstrip line is arranged on the radiating plate.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the antenna has a hemispherical radiation direction through a radiating plate with a microstrip line. The maximum radiation gain of the antenna is directly below the antenna. The antenna array with a microstrip structure has the advantages of large gain, low profile, dual polarization, etc., and is very suitable for ultra-wideband single base station positioning products; at the same time, it can compensate for the problem of zero-trapped radiation of the monopole structure antenna directly below the antenna, and solve the problem of inaccurate angle measurement data when the communication terminal is directly below the antenna array.

[0009] Preferably, the radiation sheet includes radiation sheet one, radiation sheet two and radiation sheet three, and the radiation sheet one, radiation sheet two and radiation sheet three are all printed on the top layer of the dielectric plate one, and the radiation sheet one, radiation sheet two and radiation sheet three are respectively on circles with a radius of 1 / 2 wavelength, and are 120° apart from each other.

[0010] It should be noted that the radiation plate 1, the radiation plate 2 and the radiation plate 3 are arranged on a circle with a radius of 1 / 2 wavelength of the dielectric plate 1.

[0011] Preferably, the metal ground includes metal ground 1 and metal ground 2, the metal ground 1 is printed on the top layer of the dielectric plate 3, and the metal ground 2 is printed on the bottom layer of the dielectric plate 3. Both the metal ground 1 and the metal ground 2 are printed with brass.

[0012] Preferably, the radiation sheet further comprises a feed needle, a top end of the feed needle is electrically connected to the radiation sheet, and a bottom end of the feed needle is electrically connected to the microstrip line.

[0013] Preferably, the feed needle includes feed needle 1, feed needle 2 and feed needle 3, the microstrip line includes microstrip line 1, microstrip line 2 and microstrip line 3, the top of feed needle 1 is electrically connected to radiation sheet 1, and the bottom of feed needle 1 is electrically connected to microstrip line 1; the top of feed needle 2 is electrically connected to radiation sheet 2, and the bottom of feed needle 2 is electrically connected to microstrip line 2; the top of feed needle 3 is electrically connected to radiation sheet 3, and the bottom of feed needle 3 is electrically connected to microstrip line 3. Microstrip line 1, microstrip line 2 and microstrip line 3 all have line width transformation impedance matching.

[0014] Preferably, the radiation plate also includes coaxial line 1, coaxial line 2 and coaxial line 3, the inner conductor of coaxial line 1 is electrically connected to microstrip line 1, the inner conductor of coaxial line 2 is electrically connected to microstrip line 2, and the inner conductor of coaxial line 3 is electrically connected to microstrip line 3.

[0015] Preferably, the radiation plate 1 has a diamond-shaped gap 1, the radiation plate 2 has a diamond-shaped gap 2, and the radiation plate 3 has a diamond-shaped gap 3; the dielectric plate 1 is tightly connected to the dielectric plate 2, three screws pass through the dielectric plate 1 and the dielectric plate 2 and are separated from the dielectric plate 3 by three pillars and leave an air gap.

[0016] Preferably, the metal ground has circular gap one, circular gap two, circular gap three, circular gap four, circular gap five and circular gap six, and the feed needle one passes through the circular gap one; the feed needle two passes through the circular gap two; the feed needle three passes through the circular gap three; the inner conductor of the coaxial line one passes through the circular gap four; the inner conductor of the coaxial line two passes through the circular gap five; the inner conductor of the coaxial line three passes through the circular gap six.

[0017] Preferably, the metal ground 2 has gap 1, gap 2 and gap 3, the microstrip line 1 is arranged in the gap 1, the microstrip line 2 is arranged in the gap 2; and the microstrip line 3 is arranged in the gap 3.

[0018] Preferably, the dielectric plate 1 and the dielectric plate 2 have the same size and overlap. The dielectric plate 1 and the dielectric plate 2 are both FR4 plates with a thickness of 1.6 mm and a circle with a diameter of 80 mm. The overlapping dielectric plate 1 and the dielectric plate 2 can increase the thickness of the dielectric substrate to widen the antenna bandwidth; the dielectric plate 3 is a FR4 plate with a thickness of 1 mm and a circle with a diameter of 120 mm; three screws are evenly distributed at a difference of 120° and are used to fix the dielectric plate 1, the dielectric plate 2 and the dielectric plate 3.

[0019] The antenna size of the microstrip three-element antenna array for ultra-wideband is 120mm in diameter and 6.5mm in height. The antenna operates in the frequency band of 3.5GHz-4.5GHz, and the increased gain is 8dBi at 4GHz.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects: the microstrip three-element antenna array for ultra-wideband has the advantages of hemispherical radiation pattern, bottom cross-section, ultra-wideband, low cost, etc. It not only determines the problem of zero sinking directly below the omnidirectional antenna array, but also the cross-section is much lower than that of the monopole structure antenna array. The dual-polarization feature can solve the problem of inaccurate positioning of tags in different postures, and is more suitable as a built-in antenna than the omnidirectional monopole structure antenna array. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 A top view of a microstrip three-element antenna array for ultra-wideband of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a side view of the microstrip three-element antenna array for ultra-wideband of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of a microstrip three-element antenna array for ultra-wideband of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 4 The structure diagram of the dielectric plate 3 of the utility model for ultra-wideband microstrip three-element antenna array;

[0025] Figure 5 An exploded diagram of a microstrip three-element antenna array for ultra-wideband of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 6 The S parameters of the microstrip three-element antenna array for ultra-wideband of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 7 The directional diagram of the microstrip three-element antenna array for ultra-wideband of the utility model;

[0028] Among them: 1-radiator 1; 101-diamond gap 1; 102-microstrip line 1; 103-feed needle 1; 104-coaxial line 1; 2-radiator 2; 201-diamond gap 2; 202-microstrip line 2; 203-feed needle 2; 204-coaxial line 2; 3-radiator 3; 301-diamond gap 3; 302-microstrip line 3; 303-feed needle 3; 304-coaxial line 3; 4-dielectric plate 1; 401-screw 1; 40 2-screw two; 403-screw three; 5-dielectric plate two; 6-dielectric plate three, 601-pillar one; 602-pillar two; 603-pillar three; 7-metal ground one; 701-circular gap one; 702-circular gap two; 703-circular gap three; 704-circular gap four; 705-circular gap five; 706-circular gap six; 8-metal ground two; 801-gap one; 802-gap two; 803-gap three. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following embodiments of the present invention are described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0030] Example: Figure 1 to Figure 5 As shown, the microstrip three-element antenna array for ultra-wideband includes at least one radiating plate, a dielectric plate 1 4, a dielectric plate 2 5, a dielectric plate 3 6 and at least one metal ground, wherein the dielectric plate 1 4, the dielectric plate 2 5 and the dielectric plate 3 6 are stacked up and down and an air gap is left between the dielectric plate 2 5 and the dielectric plate 3 6, the radiating plate is arranged on the top layer of the dielectric plate 1 4, and the metal ground is arranged on the bottom layer of the dielectric plate 3 6; a microstrip line is arranged on the radiating plate; the radiating plate includes a radiating plate 1 1, a radiating plate 2 2 and a radiating plate 3 3, the radiating plate 1 1, the radiating plate 2 2 and the radiating plate 3 3 are all printed on the top layer of the dielectric plate 1 4, and the radiating plate 1 1, the radiating plate 2 2 and the radiating plate 3 3 are arranged on a circle with a radius of 1 / 2 wavelength of the dielectric plate 1 4 and the angles differ by 120°, that is, the radiating plate 1 1, the radiating plate 2 2 and the radiating plate 3 3 are respectively on circles with a radius of 1 / 2 wavelength and differ by 120° respectively, as shown Figure 1 , Figure 3As shown; the metal ground includes a metal ground 1 7 and a metal ground 2 8, the metal ground 1 7 is printed on the top layer of the dielectric plate 3 6, and the metal ground 2 8 is printed on the bottom of the dielectric plate 3 6; the metal ground 1 7 and the metal ground 2 8 are both printed in brass; the radiation sheet also includes a feed needle, the top of the feed needle is electrically connected to the radiation sheet, and the bottom of the feed needle is electrically connected to the microstrip line; the feed needle includes a feed needle 103, a feed needle 203 and a feed needle 303, the microstrip line includes a microstrip line 102, a microstrip line 202 and a microstrip line 302, the top of the feed needle 103 is electrically connected to the radiation sheet 1, and the bottom of the feed needle 103 is electrically connected to the microstrip line 102; the top of the feed needle 203 The end is electrically connected to the radiation piece 22, and the bottom end of the feed needle 203 is electrically connected to the microstrip line 202; the top of the feed needle 303 is electrically connected to the radiation piece 33, and the bottom end of the feed needle 303 is electrically connected to the microstrip line 302; the microstrip line 1 102, the microstrip line 2 202 and the microstrip line 3 302 are all equipped with line width transformation impedance matching; the radiation piece also includes a coaxial line 1 104, a coaxial line 2 204 and a coaxial line 3 304, the inner conductor of the coaxial line 1 104 is electrically connected to the microstrip line 1 102, the inner conductor of the coaxial line 2 204 is electrically connected to the microstrip line 2 202, and the inner conductor of the coaxial line 3 304 is electrically connected to the microstrip line 3 302; the radiation piece 1 is opened There is a diamond gap 101, the radiation piece 2 2 has a diamond gap 201, and the radiation piece 3 3 has a diamond gap 301; the dielectric plate 1 4 is tightly connected with the dielectric plate 2 5, three screws (screw 1 401, screw 2 402 and screw 3 403) pass through the dielectric plate 1 4 and the dielectric plate 2 5 and are separated from the dielectric plate 3 6 by three pillars (pillar 1 601, pillar 2 602, pillar 3 603, all of which are plastic pillars) and leave an air gap; the metal ground 1 7 has a circular gap 1 701, a circular gap 2 702, a circular gap 3 703, a circular gap 4 704, a circular gap 5 705 and a circular gap 6 706, and the feed needle 103 passes through the circular gap 1 701; The feed needle 203 passes through the circular gap 2 702; the feed needle 303 passes through the circular gap 3 703; the inner conductor of the coaxial line 104 passes through the circular gap 4 704; the inner conductor of the coaxial line 204 passes through the circular gap 5 705; the inner conductor of the coaxial line 304 passes through the circular gap 6 706; the metal ground 2 8 is provided with a gap 1 801, a gap 2 802 and a gap 3 803, the microstrip line 1 102 is arranged in the gap 1 801, the microstrip line 2 202 is arranged in the gap 2 802; the microstrip line 3 302 is arranged in the gap 3 803; the dielectric plate 1 4 and the dielectric plate 2 5 have the same size and overlap, and the dielectric plate 1 4 and the dielectric plate 2 5 are both 1.6mm FR4 plate and a circular shape with a diameter of 80mm. The overlapping dielectric plate 1 4 and dielectric plate 2 5 can increase the thickness of the dielectric substrate to widen the antenna bandwidth; the dielectric plate 3 6 is a 1mm thick FR4 plate and a circular shape with a diameter of 120mm; three screws (screw 1 401, screw 2 402 and screw 3 403) are all plastic screws and are evenly distributed on the dielectric substrate with a difference of 120°, used to fix the dielectric plate 1 4, dielectric plate 2 5 and dielectric plate 3 6; the antenna size of the ultra-wideband microstrip three-element antenna array is 120mm in diameter and 6.5mm in height. The antenna working frequency band is 3.5GHz-4.5GHz, and the increased gain is 8dBi at 4GHz. .

[0031] The center frequency of the microstrip three-element antenna array for ultra-wideband is 4 GHz, and the bandwidth is 1 GHz. The antenna is modeled, simulated and optimized using HFSS13.0 software. The final size parameters are shown in Tables 1 and 2. Figure 6 The figure shows the microstrip three-element antenna array S11. It can be seen from the figure that when S11 is less than -6dB, the bandwidth is 3.5-4.5GHz; Figure 7 Shown is the radiation pattern of the microstrip three-element antenna array. It can be seen from the figure that the maximum gain of the Phi component when Phi = 0° and the Theta component when Phi = 90° is 3.4dBi, and the maximum gain of the Theta component when Phi = 0° and the Phi component when Phi = 90° is 8dBi. Therefore, it can be seen from the radiation pattern that the antenna has both horizontal polarization and vertical polarization when Phi = 0° and Phi = 90°.

[0032] Table 1 Antenna dielectric board size parameters

[0033]

[0034] Table 2 Antenna size parameters

[0035] parameter Radiator Diameter Air gap Feed point distance to the center of the radiation piece Dimensions / mm 22 2 6

[0036] For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific embodiments are only illustrative descriptions of the utility model. It is obvious that the specific implementation of the utility model is not limited to the above-mentioned methods. As long as various non-substantial improvements are made using the method concept and technical solution of the utility model, or the concept and technical solution of the utility model are directly applied to other occasions without improvement, they are all within the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A microstrip three-element antenna array for ultra-wideband, characterized in that: The invention comprises at least one radiation sheet, a dielectric plate 1, a dielectric plate 2, a dielectric plate 3 and at least one metal ground, wherein the dielectric plate 1, the dielectric plate 2 and the dielectric plate 3 are stacked up and down and an air gap is left between the dielectric plate 2 and the dielectric plate 3, the radiation sheet is arranged on the top layer of the dielectric plate 1, and the metal ground is arranged on the bottom layer of the dielectric plate 3; and a microstrip line is arranged on the radiation sheet.

2. The microstrip three-element antenna array for ultra-wideband according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radiation plate includes radiation plate 1, radiation plate 2 and radiation plate 3. The radiation plate 1, radiation plate 2 and radiation plate 3 are all printed on the top layer of the dielectric plate 1. The radiation plate 1, radiation plate 2 and radiation plate 3 are respectively on circles with a radius of 1 / 2 wavelength and are 120° apart from each other.

3. The microstrip three-element antenna array for ultra-wideband according to claim 2, characterized in that: The metal ground includes a metal ground 1 and a metal ground 2. The metal ground 1 is printed on the top layer of the dielectric plate 3, and the metal ground 2 is printed on the bottom layer of the dielectric plate 3.

4. The microstrip three-element antenna array for ultra-wideband according to claim 3, characterized in that: The radiation sheet further includes a feed needle, a top end of the feed needle is electrically connected to the radiation sheet, and a bottom end of the feed needle is electrically connected to the microstrip line.

5. The microstrip three-element antenna array for ultra-wideband according to claim 4, characterized in that: The feed needle includes feed needle one, feed needle two and feed needle three, and the microstrip line includes microstrip line one, microstrip line two and microstrip line three. The top end of the feed needle one is electrically connected to the radiation plate one, and the bottom end of the feed needle one is electrically connected to the microstrip line one; the top end of the feed needle two is electrically connected to the radiation plate two, and the bottom end of the feed needle two is electrically connected to the microstrip line two; the top end of the feed needle three is electrically connected to the radiation plate three, and the bottom end of the feed needle three is electrically connected to the microstrip line three.

6. The microstrip three-element antenna array for ultra-wideband according to claim 5, characterized in that: The radiation plate also includes coaxial line 1, coaxial line 2 and coaxial line 3, the inner conductor of coaxial line 1 is electrically connected to microstrip line 1, the inner conductor of coaxial line 2 is electrically connected to microstrip line 2, and the inner conductor of coaxial line 3 is electrically connected to microstrip line 3.

7. The microstrip three-element antenna array for ultra-wideband according to claim 5, characterized in that: The radiation plate 1 has a diamond-shaped gap 1, the radiation plate 2 has a diamond-shaped gap 2, and the radiation plate 3 has a diamond-shaped gap 3; the dielectric plate 1 is tightly connected to the dielectric plate 2, three screws pass through the dielectric plate 1 and the dielectric plate 2, and are separated from the dielectric plate 3 by three pillars and leave an air gap.

8. The microstrip three-element antenna array for ultra-wideband according to claim 6, characterized in that: The metal ground is provided with circular slot one, circular slot two, circular slot three, circular slot four, circular slot five and circular slot six, the feed needle one passes through the circular slot one; the feed needle two passes through the circular slot two; the feed needle three passes through the circular slot three; the inner conductor of the coaxial line one passes through the circular slot four; the inner conductor of the coaxial line two passes through the circular slot five; the inner conductor of the coaxial line three passes through the circular slot six.

9. The microstrip three-element antenna array for ultra-wideband according to claim 6, characterized in that: The metal ground 2 is provided with gap 1, gap 2 and gap 3, the microstrip line 1 is arranged in the gap 1, the microstrip line 2 is arranged in the gap 2; and the microstrip line 3 is arranged in the gap 3.

10. The microstrip three-element antenna array for ultra-wideband according to claim 6, characterized in that: The dielectric plate 1 and dielectric plate 2 have the same size and overlap, and both dielectric plate 1 and dielectric plate 2 are circular FR4 plates with a thickness of 1.6 mm and a diameter of 80 mm; the dielectric plate 3 is a circular FR4 plate with a thickness of 1 mm and a diameter of 120 mm; three screws are evenly distributed at a difference of 120°, and are used to fix the dielectric plate 1, dielectric plate 2 and dielectric plate 3.

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