Equipment for vacuum purification of lithium

Abstract

The utility model discloses lithium vacuum purification equipment which comprises a sealed reaction cavity, a condensation collection cavity, a U-shaped sealed tank, a collection tank, a preceding-stage vacuum system, a condensation vacuum system and a collection vacuum system, and a reactant outlet of the sealed reaction cavity is connected with a lower inlet of the condensation collection cavity through a first pipeline; a gas discharge port is formed in the top of the condensation collecting cavity, a condensate discharge port is formed in the bottom of the condensation collecting cavity, a liquid inlet of the U-shaped sealing tank is lower than a liquid outlet, the condensate discharge port is connected to the liquid inlet of the U-shaped sealing tank, the liquid outlet of the U-shaped sealing tank is connected to the collecting tank, and the preceding-stage vacuum system is connected to the sealing reaction cavity and used for vacuumizing the sealing reaction cavity. The condensation vacuum system is used for vacuumizing the condensation collection cavity through a second pipeline, and the collection vacuum system is connected to the collection tank and used for vacuumizing the collection tank. According to the utility model, a plurality of vacuum systems ensure that the sealed reaction cavity, the condensation collection cavity and the collection tank are in a low-pressure state, water and oxygen are discharged, and the reaction safety is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a purification device, belonging to the technical field of separation devices. Background Art

[0002] Molten salt electrolysis is a traditional method for producing metallic lithium, but this method has problems such as high raw material cost, chlorine gas generated at the anode, and high sodium content in the product. The vacuum thermal reduction method is to mix lithium carbonate, aluminum oxide, aluminum powder, and calcium oxide, and then produce lithium vapor through high-temperature aluminum thermal reduction, and then use the difference in saturated vapor pressure to extract metallic lithium. In the process of producing lithium by thermal reduction, lithium easily reacts with water and lithium is easily oxidized. Therefore, it is necessary to design appropriate equipment to ensure the safety of the production process and avoid oxidation problems. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the utility model provides a vacuum purification device for lithium, the purpose of which is to ensure the safety of the lithium collection process and avoid the problem of lithium oxidation.

[0004] The technical scheme of the utility model is as follows: A device for vacuum purification of lithium, comprising a sealed reaction chamber, a condensation collection chamber, a U-shaped sealed tank, a collection tank, a front vacuum system, a condensation vacuum system and a collection vacuum system, the reactant outlet of the sealed reaction chamber is connected to the lower inlet of the condensation collection chamber through a first pipeline, a gas discharge port is provided at the top of the condensation collection chamber, a condensate discharge port is provided at the bottom of the condensation collection chamber, the liquid inlet of the U-shaped sealed tank is lower than the liquid outlet, the condensate discharge port is connected to the liquid inlet of the U-shaped sealed tank, the liquid outlet of the U-shaped sealed tank is connected to the collection tank, the front vacuum system is connected to the sealed reaction chamber for vacuuming the sealed reaction chamber, the condensation vacuum system is connected to the gas discharge port through a second pipeline for vacuuming the condensation collection chamber, and the collection vacuum system is connected to the collection tank for vacuuming the collection tank.

[0005] Furthermore, in order to improve the sealing effect, the sealed reaction chamber includes an outer cavity and an inner cavity, the reactant outlet is arranged in the inner cavity, the inner cavity is located in the outer cavity, and a sealed space is formed between the outer cavity and the inner cavity.

[0006] Furthermore, in order to facilitate the addition of reactants into the inner cavity, a movable sealing plate is provided at the first end of the outer cavity, a support frame is provided on the movable sealing plate, the inner cavity is arranged on the support frame, a connecting port is provided at the second end of the outer cavity, the reactant outlet of the inner cavity is fixedly connected and sealed to the connecting port, and the first pipeline and the front-stage vacuum system are connected to the connecting port and communicate with the reactant outlet.

[0007] Furthermore, in order to facilitate the reflow of the lithium liquid in the U-shaped sealed tank after solidification and sealing, a heater is provided at the bottom of the U-shaped sealed tank.

[0008] Furthermore, in order to improve the condensation efficiency, a plurality of stacked umbrella-shaped condensation plates are provided in the condensation collection chamber, an exhaust port is provided in the top center of the umbrella-shaped condensation plate, a baffle is provided above the exhaust port of each layer of the umbrella-shaped condensation plate, and a tortuous airway is formed between the baffle and the exhaust port.

[0009] Furthermore, the second pipeline is provided with a gas filter.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the technical solution provided by the utility model are:

[0011] The utility model realizes the separation of lithium vapor and other gases by condensation, ensures that the sealed reaction chamber, condensation collection chamber and collection tank are in a low pressure state through multiple vacuum systems, discharges moisture and oxygen, and forms a self-seal with lithium liquid through a U-shaped sealing tank between the condensation collection chamber and the collection tank, thereby improving the reaction safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of equipment for vacuum purification of lithium.

[0013] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the top view of the structure of the equipment for vacuum purification of lithium.

[0014] Figure 3 shows Figure 2 AA cross-sectional structure schematic diagram.

[0015] Figure 4 shows Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the BB cross-sectional structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention. After reading this description, various equivalent modifications to the description by those skilled in the art fall within the scope defined by the claims attached to this application.

[0017] Please combine Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the equipment for vacuum purification of lithium in this embodiment includes a sealed reaction chamber 1, a condensation collection chamber 2, a collection tank 3, a front vacuum system 4, a condensation vacuum system 5 and a collection vacuum system 6. The sealed reaction chamber 1 and the condensation collection chamber 2 are both mounted on their own frames 7, and the frame 7 is provided with adjustable feet to keep the equipment stable.

[0018] The sealed reaction chamber 1 is arranged horizontally, and includes an outer cavity 101 and an inner cavity 102, wherein the inner cavity 102 is arranged in the outer cavity 101, and a closed space is formed between the two. Specifically, the two ends of the outer cavity 101 are respectively a first end and a second end, wherein the first end is a movable end, and a movable sealing plate 101a is arranged at the first end, and the movable sealing plate 101a can be disassembled from the body of the outer cavity 101, and the sealing of the connection is ensured when the movable sealing plate 101a is connected to the body of the outer cavity 101. A support frame 101b is installed on the inner side of the movable sealing plate 101a, and the inner cavity 102 is installed on the support frame 101b, so that with the opening of the movable sealing plate 101a, the inner cavity 102 can be taken out so as to place and process the reactants therein. The second end of the outer cavity 101 is provided with a connection port 101c, and the inner cavity 102 is provided as a container with only one end open, and the opening of the inner cavity 102 constitutes a reactant outlet 102a, and the reactant outlet 102a is provided toward the second end of the outer cavity 101. When the movable sealing plate 101a pushes the inner cavity 102 into the outer cavity 101, the end of the reactant outlet 102a is fixedly connected with the end of the connection port 101c and sealed, and then the movable sealing plate 101a is fixed, thus ensuring the seal between the outer cavity 101 and the inner cavity 102. A heating component 103 required for controlling the reaction is also provided in the outer cavity 101.

[0019] The reactant outlet 102a of the inner cavity 102 is connected to the first pipeline 8 after docking with the connecting port 101c. The fore-stage vacuum system 4 includes a fore-stage dry pump 401, a fore-stage baffle valve 402 and a fore-stage vacuum tube 403. One end of the fore-stage vacuum tube 403 is fixedly sealed on the connecting port 101c, and the other end is connected to the fore-stage dry pump 401 through the fore-stage baffle valve 402. Before the aluminum thermal reduction reaction of pure lithium occurs in the inner cavity 102, the water vapor and impurities in the inner cavity 102 are extracted through the fore-stage vacuum system 4.

[0020] The condensation collection chamber 2 is a vertical chamber, and multiple layers of umbrella-shaped condensation plates 201 are arranged in the condensation collection chamber 2. An exhaust port 202 is arranged at the top center of the umbrella-shaped condensation plates 201. A baffle 203 is arranged above the exhaust port 202 of each layer of umbrella-shaped condensation plates 201, and a tortuous airway is formed between the baffle 203 and the exhaust port 202. A gas discharge port 204 is arranged at the top of the condensation collection chamber 2. The lower inlet 205 of the condensation collection chamber 2 is connected to the aforementioned first pipeline 8. The lower inlet 205 is located below the lowest umbrella-shaped condensation plate 201. The lithium vapor entering from the lower inlet 205 is condensed by the multiple layers of umbrella-shaped condensation plates 201 and collected at the bottom of the condensation collection chamber 2. A condensate discharge port 206 is arranged at the bottom of the condensation collection chamber 2 for discharging the collected lithium liquid. The condensation vacuum system 5 is connected to the gas discharge port 204 through the second pipeline 9 for evacuating the condensation collection chamber 2. The condensation vacuum system 5 includes a condensation dry pump 501 and a condensation baffle valve 502. The second pipeline 9 is provided with a gas filter 10 to filter impurity gases. The end of the second pipeline 9 is connected to the condensation dry pump 501 through the condensation baffle valve 502. When the aluminum thermal reduction of pure lithium starts to react, the front stage baffle valve 402 is closed, and the condensation baffle valve 502 and the condensation dry pump 501 are opened, so that the lithium vapor and reaction gas generated by the reaction in the inner cavity 102 enter the condensation collection chamber 2 through the first pipeline 8 for condensation.

[0021] The U-shaped sealed tank 11 is arranged below the condensation collection chamber 2. The condensate discharge port 206 at the bottom of the condensation collection chamber 2 extends into the U-shaped sealed tank 11 through the pipeline 13 to form the liquid inlet 1101 of the U-shaped sealed tank 11. A liquid outlet pipe 12 is also arranged in the U-shaped sealed tank 11. The top of the liquid outlet pipe 12 is located in the U-shaped sealed tank 11 to form the liquid outlet 1102 of the U-shaped sealed tank 11. The liquid inlet 1101 of the U-shaped sealed tank 11 is lower than the liquid outlet 1102 of the U-shaped sealed tank 11. A heater 14 is arranged at the bottom of the U-shaped sealed tank 11. The lithium is heated by the heater 14 to keep the lithium in a liquid state. The lithium liquid discharged from the condensation collection chamber 2 enters the U-shaped sealed tank 11 and gradually accumulates until the liquid level is higher than the liquid outlet 1102 before being discharged. The liquid outlet pipe 12 is connected to the collection tank 3 located below the U-shaped sealed tank 11. The lithium liquid discharged from the U-shaped sealed tank 11 enters the collection tank 3 for collection. The collection tank 3 is provided with a vacuum port 301 to connect to the collection vacuum system 6. The collection vacuum system 6 includes a collection dry pump 601 and a collection baffle valve 602. Before the lithium liquid is discharged into the collection tank 3, the collection tank 3 is first continuously vacuumed by the collection vacuum system 6. The collection tank 3 in a low-pressure state allows the liquid lithium liquid to flow into the collection tank 3 and cool to form a solid state. When the collection tank 3 needs to be replaced or removed, the heating of the U-shaped sealing tank 11 by the heater 14 is suspended, and the lithium liquid is solidified and sealed at a low temperature, which can prevent air from entering the condensation collection chamber 2 through the U-shaped sealing tank 11, and prevent the lithium liquid in the condensation collection chamber 2 from flowing out.

Claims

1. A device for vacuum purification of lithium, characterized in that: It includes a sealed reaction chamber, a condensation collection chamber, a U-shaped sealed tank, a collection tank, a front vacuum system, a condensation vacuum system and a collection vacuum system, the reactant outlet of the sealed reaction chamber is connected to the lower inlet of the condensation collection chamber through a first pipeline, a gas discharge port is provided at the top of the condensation collection chamber, a condensate discharge port is provided at the bottom of the condensation collection chamber, the liquid inlet of the U-shaped sealed tank is lower than the liquid outlet, the condensate discharge port is connected to the liquid inlet of the U-shaped sealed tank, the liquid outlet of the U-shaped sealed tank is connected to the collection tank, the front vacuum system is connected to the sealed reaction chamber for evacuating the sealed reaction chamber, the condensation vacuum system is connected to the gas discharge port through a second pipeline for evacuating the condensation collection chamber, and the collection vacuum system is connected to the collection tank for evacuating the collection tank.

2. The device for vacuum purification of lithium according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealed reaction chamber comprises an outer cavity and an inner cavity, the reactant outlet is arranged in the inner cavity, the inner cavity is located in the outer cavity, and a sealed space is formed between the outer cavity and the inner cavity.

3. The device for vacuum purification of lithium according to claim 2, characterized in that: A movable sealing plate is provided at the first end of the outer cavity, a support frame is provided on the movable sealing plate, the inner cavity is arranged on the support frame, a connecting port is provided at the second end of the outer cavity, the reactant outlet of the inner cavity is fixedly connected and sealed to the connecting port, and the first pipeline and the front-stage vacuum system are connected to the connecting port and communicate with the reactant outlet.

4. The device for vacuum purification of lithium according to claim 1, characterized in that: A heater is provided at the bottom of the U-shaped sealed tank.

5. The device for vacuum purification of lithium according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of stacked umbrella-shaped condensation plates are arranged in the condensation collection chamber, an exhaust port is arranged at the top center of the umbrella-shaped condensation plates, a baffle is arranged above the exhaust port of each layer of the umbrella-shaped condensation plates, and a tortuous airway is formed between the baffle and the exhaust port.

6. The device for vacuum purification of lithium according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second pipeline is provided with a gas filter.

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