Photovoltaic power station filtering device with lightning protection

Abstract

The utility model discloses a photovoltaic power station filtering device with lightning protection, relates to the technical field of power electronics, and overcomes the defects of difficulty in maintenance and poor circuit stability in the conventional photovoltaic power station filtering device with lightning protection. According to the utility model, lightning energy is absorbed and dispersed through the lightning induction shielding device, so that the risk of damage of lightning to equipment is reduced; clutters and interference signals from a power grid or other external sources are filtered through the anti-electromagnetic interference filter, so that the stability of the circuit is improved; the intelligent fault detection module monitors the working state of the circuit and detects the fault condition in real time, so that the maintenance difficulty is reduced; the stability and the reliability of the equipment are further improved through the application of an integrated heat dissipation system and a modular interface, and meanwhile, the difficulty of maintaining and replacing parts is reduced; and through the adjustable circuit protector and the display screen, the adjustment, protection and monitoring of the equipment are more convenient and accurate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of power electronics, and more specifically to a photovoltaic power station filter device with lightning protection. Background Art

[0002] As the problem of global warming becomes increasingly serious, clean energy has gradually become an important direction for the development of various countries. As one of the most extensive and sufficient clean energy sources, solar energy has received widespread attention and application. However, photovoltaic power stations face various challenges from nature during the power generation process, the most severe of which is lightning strikes. Lightning strikes can not only damage photovoltaic power station equipment, but may also cause serious consequences such as fires. Therefore, how to effectively protect photovoltaic power stations has become a problem that needs to be solved urgently.

[0003] At present, there has been a certain amount of technical accumulation for lightning protection devices for photovoltaic power stations. Among them, filter devices with lightning protection functions are widely used. These devices can effectively prevent lightning from damaging photovoltaic power station equipment by introducing components such as filters and lightning arresters, and improve the stability and reliability of the system.

[0004] However, although the existing photovoltaic power station filter devices with lightning protection function have solved the lightning strike problem to a certain extent, there are still some disadvantages. First, these devices have the problem of difficult maintenance. Due to their complex circuit design, regular inspection and maintenance are required to ensure normal operation, which increases the cost and difficulty of operation and maintenance. Secondly, the circuit stability of some devices is poor, and they may fail in harsh environments, affecting the normal operation of photovoltaic power stations. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to design a photovoltaic power station filter device with lightning protection to solve the shortcomings of difficult maintenance and poor circuit stability in the existing photovoltaic power station filter device with lightning protection.

[0006] In order to achieve the above technical effects, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A photovoltaic power station filter device with lightning protection, comprising: a lightning induction shield, an anti-electromagnetic interference filter, a power supply circuit, a lightning protection device, an intelligent fault detection module, an integrated heat dissipation system, a modular interface, an adjustable circuit protector and a display screen; the lightning induction shield is installed on the left side of the inverter above the photovoltaic power station equipment; the lightning induction shield is connected to the main power line of the equipment through a wire to absorb and disperse lightning energy; the anti-electromagnetic interference filter is installed at the power access point of the photovoltaic power station, connected to the power supply circuit, and is used to filter out clutter and interference signals from the power grid or other external sources; the power supply circuit is integrated on the internal control board of the photovoltaic power station equipment, and obtains power supply through the main power supply line; the lightning protection device is installed on the photovoltaic power station equipment On the upper structure, the lightning protection device is connected to the underground grounding system through a grounding wire; the intelligent fault detection module is integrated on the internal control board of the photovoltaic power station equipment, and the intelligent fault detection module is connected to the internal circuit of the equipment through a sensor, which is used to monitor the working status of the circuit and detect fault conditions; the integrated heat dissipation system is installed on the inverter and the equipment casing, and the heat generated by the circuit is dissipated by the cooling fan and the heat sink; the modular interface is located on the connection interface board of the photovoltaic power station equipment; the adjustable circuit protector is integrated on the internal control board of the photovoltaic power station equipment, and is connected to the protection system circuit; the display screen is installed on the control panel of the photovoltaic power station equipment; the display screen is connected to the control board of the equipment through a data cable, and is used to display the working status and parameters of the circuit in real time.

[0008] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0009] The lightning induction shield includes a shell: the shell is made of aluminum alloy material to protect the internal circuit from the influence of the external environment; a connection hole is set at the bottom of the shell for fixing the connection bracket and the ground wire; a layer of copper mesh is covered inside the shell; a metal conductor is fixedly connected to the left side of the shell; the metal conductor is connected to the ground wire system through a connecting line; a fixed bracket is set under the shell, and the fixed bracket is fixedly connected to both sides of the shell by bolts; the ground wire system is composed of multiple ground wires connected to the conductor; a grounding electrode is set at the end of the ground wire system for conducting lightning energy into the ground.

[0010] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0011] The internal circuit of the lightning induction shield integrates a lightning arrester, a capacitor, an inductor, a diode, a fuse, an overvoltage protector and a grounding wire; the output end of the lightning arrester is connected to the grounding end of the circuit board; the capacitor and the inductor are connected together to form a filtering loop; the output end of the filtering loop is connected to the power supply end of the circuit board; the diode is connected to the input end of the circuit board; the fuse and the overvoltage protector are connected to the input ends of the capacitor and the inductor; and the grounding wire is connected to the input end of the lightning arrester.

[0012] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0013] The anti-electromagnetic interference filter is provided with a metal protective shell on the outside; the anti-electromagnetic interference filter is provided with a filter circuit board inside for filtering out clutter and interference signals in the circuit; the filter circuit board is integrated with a filter capacitor, an inductor and a relay; the anti-electromagnetic interference filter is connected to the power supply line through a connector.

[0014] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0015] The lightning protection device includes a lightning arrester, which is installed above the photovoltaic power station and is used to receive and introduce lightning energy. The lightning arrester introduces the energy into the ground through a grounding wire, and a grounding rod is provided at the end of the grounding wire; a surge protection device is provided below the lightning arrester to protect the photovoltaic power station equipment from overvoltage and surge current; the lightning protection device is connected to the photovoltaic power station equipment through a connecting cable.

[0016] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0017] The intelligent fault detection module includes sensors, which include current sensors, voltage sensors and temperature sensors; the sensors are connected to the input ports of the fault detection circuit through data lines; the fault detection circuit is integrated inside the inverter of the photovoltaic power station equipment.

[0018] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0019] The integrated heat dissipation system includes a heat dissipation fan, a heat sink, a power supply and a control circuit; the heat dissipation fan is composed of a motor, blades and a casing; the heat dissipation fan is installed on the left side of the integrated heat dissipation system; a heat sink is arranged directly below the heat dissipation fan; the heat sink is fixed to the surface of the radiator by a buckle; the heat dissipation fan is connected to the power supply and the control circuit by wires; the power supply and the control circuit are arranged inside the integrated heat dissipation system.

[0020] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0021] The adjustable circuit protector includes a control unit, a sensor group, a regulator, an Ethernet interface, a protection element and a power module; the control unit is composed of a microprocessor chip for performing protection parameter adjustment and control functions; the microprocessor chip integrates a central processing unit, a memory and an input / output interface; the sensor group includes a current sensor, a voltage sensor and a temperature sensor for real-time monitoring of circuit load and environmental conditions; the sensor group is connected to the control unit through a data line to provide real-time data; an adjustable resistor and a logic controller are arranged inside the regulator; used to adjust the protection parameters; the output end of the regulator is connected to the input end of the sensor group and the control unit; the Ethernet interface is located outside the circuit protector, used to connect with an external system and exchange data; the protection element includes a fuse, an overvoltage protector and a circuit breaker, used to protect the circuit from running safely when a circuit fails; the protection element is connected to the main circuit of the circuit protector; the overvoltage protector is composed of a gas discharge tube, and the circuit breaker is composed of an electromagnetic releaser and a trigger; the power module includes a transformer, a rectifier, a voltage stabilizer and a filter, used to convert the input power into a stable DC power supply and provide it to the circuit protector; the power module is located inside the circuit protector.

[0022] Positive beneficial effects:

[0023] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, the beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: the utility model absorbs and disperses lightning energy through a lightning induction shield, thereby reducing the risk of damage to the equipment by lightning; and filters out clutter and interference signals from the power grid or other external sources through an anti-electromagnetic interference filter, thereby improving the stability of the circuit. In addition, the intelligent fault detection module monitors the working status of the circuit in real time and detects fault conditions, which helps to promptly discover and solve problems and reduce maintenance difficulties. The application of an integrated heat dissipation system and a modular interface further improves the stability and reliability of the equipment, while reducing the difficulty of maintenance and replacement of components. The setting of an adjustable circuit protector and a display screen makes the adjustment, protection and monitoring of the equipment more convenient and accurate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative labor, among which:

[0025] Figure 1 This is the equipment architecture diagram of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lightning induction shield of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the filter circuit board of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the intelligent fault detection module of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adjustable circuit protector of the utility model;

[0030] Numbers in the figure: 1. Lightning induction shield; 2. Anti-electromagnetic interference filter; 3. Power supply circuit; 4. Lightning protection device; 5. Intelligent fault detection module; 6. Integrated cooling system; 7. Modular interface; 8. Adjustable circuit protector; 9. Display screen; 101. Housing; 102. Copper mesh; 103. Metal conductor; 104. Fixed bracket; 105. Grounding electrode; 201. Filter capacitor; 202. Inductor; 203. Relay; 204. Filter circuit board; 501. Current sensor; 502. Voltage sensor; 503. Temperature sensor; 504. Fault detection circuit; 801. Control unit; 802. Sensor group; 803. Regulator; 804. Ethernet interface; 805. Protection element; 806. Power supply module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0032] In the above embodiment: Figure 1-Figure 5As shown, a photovoltaic power station filter device with lightning protection includes: a lightning induction shield 1, an anti-electromagnetic interference filter 2, a power supply circuit 3, a lightning protection device 4, an intelligent fault detection module 5, an integrated heat dissipation system 6, a modular interface 7, an adjustable circuit protector 8 and a display screen 9; the lightning induction shield 1 is installed on the left side of the inverter above the photovoltaic power station equipment; the lightning induction shield 1 is connected to the main power line of the equipment through a wire to absorb and disperse lightning energy; the anti-electromagnetic interference filter 2 is installed at the power access point of the photovoltaic power station, connected to the power supply circuit 3, and is used to filter out clutter and interference signals from the power grid or other external sources; the power supply circuit 3 is integrated on the internal control board of the photovoltaic power station equipment, and obtains power supply through the main power supply line; the lightning protection device 4 is installed on the photovoltaic power station equipment. On the upper structure of the photovoltaic power station equipment, the lightning protection device 4 is connected to the underground grounding system through a grounding wire; the intelligent fault detection module 5 is integrated on the internal control board of the photovoltaic power station equipment, and the intelligent fault detection module 5 is connected to the internal circuit of the equipment through a sensor, which is used to monitor the working state of the circuit and detect fault conditions; the integrated heat dissipation system 6 is installed on the inverter and the equipment casing, and the heat generated by the circuit is dissipated by the cooling fan and the heat sink; the modular interface 7 is located on the connection interface board of the photovoltaic power station equipment; the adjustable circuit protector 8 is integrated on the internal control board of the photovoltaic power station equipment, and is connected to the protection system circuit; the display screen 9 is installed on the control panel of the photovoltaic power station equipment; the display screen 9 is connected to the control board of the equipment through a data line, which is used to display the working state and parameters of the circuit in real time.

[0033] In the above embodiment, the lightning induction shield 1 includes a shell 101: the shell is made of aluminum alloy material to protect the internal circuit from the external environment; a connection hole is set at the bottom of the shell for fixing the connection bracket and the ground wire; a layer of copper mesh 102 is covered inside the shell; a metal conductor 103 is fixedly connected to the left side of the shell; the metal conductor is connected to the ground wire system through a connecting line; a fixing bracket 104 is set under the shell, and the fixing bracket 104 is fixedly connected to both sides of the shell by bolts; the ground wire system is composed of multiple ground wires connected to the conductor; a grounding electrode 105 is set at the end of the ground wire system for conducting lightning energy into the ground.

[0034] In a specific embodiment, the lightning induction shield 1 uses components such as metal oxide varistors (MOVs). When lightning strikes a photovoltaic power station, a large current is generated, which generates a high voltage in the lightning induction shield. When the voltage rises, the MOV component becomes conductive, absorbing most of the lightning energy and converting it into heat, thereby protecting other equipment from damage.

[0035] The anti-electromagnetic interference filter 2 is mainly realized by components such as inductance, capacitance and filter resistor. These components can effectively filter out high-frequency clutter and interference signals in the power grid to ensure the purity and stability of the output current. Inductance plays a role in blocking high-frequency signals in the circuit, while capacitance is used to absorb and isolate high-frequency interference.

[0036] The power circuit 3 is composed of components such as a rectifier, an inverter and a controller. The rectifier converts the direct current generated by the photovoltaic panel into alternating current, the inverter adjusts it to a current that meets the requirements of the power grid, and the controller adjusts and optimizes the output power to ensure that the photovoltaic power station outputs stable power to the power grid.

[0037] The core of the lightning protection device 4 is the grounding system and conductive materials. After lightning strikes the ground, the grounding system guides it underground, and the conductive materials disperse and release the current, preventing the current from passing through the photovoltaic power station equipment, thereby protecting the equipment from damage caused by lightning.

[0038] The intelligent fault detection module 5 uses sensors to monitor the current, voltage, temperature and other parameters of the circuit in real time, and analyzes and processes these data through algorithms. Once an abnormal situation is detected, such as excessive voltage, current overload or abnormal temperature, the system will immediately issue an alarm and take corresponding measures, such as cutting off the power supply or adjusting the working state, to protect the photovoltaic power station equipment from damage.

[0039] The integrated heat dissipation system 6 uses components such as cooling fans, heat sinks and thermal conductive media to quickly dissipate the heat generated by the circuit to the surrounding environment to keep the device within a safe operating temperature range. The thermal conductive media can improve the heat dissipation efficiency, while the cooling fan can accelerate air flow and improve the heat dissipation effect.

[0040] The modular interface 7 adopts standardized design and connection mode, making the installation, maintenance and upgrade of the equipment easier and faster. Through the modular interface, faulty parts can be easily replaced or functions can be expanded, which improves the maintainability and scalability of the equipment.

[0041] The adjustable circuit protector 8 uses components such as overcurrent protector, overvoltage protector and temperature protector to protect and adjust the circuit in real time by monitoring the working status and environmental parameters of the circuit. Once an abnormal situation is detected, the protector will immediately cut off the power supply or adjust the circuit parameters to prevent damage to the equipment.

[0042] The display screen 9 adopts a liquid crystal display or an LED display to display the working status, parameters and alarm information of the circuit in real time. Through the display screen, the operator can intuitively understand the operation of the equipment and take measures in time to ensure the safe and stable operation of the equipment.

[0043] In a specific embodiment, a lightning induction shield 1 is connected to a power circuit 3 to prevent lightning interference from entering the photovoltaic power station system. An anti-electromagnetic interference filter 2 is connected to the power circuit 3 to reduce the impact of electromagnetic interference on the system. The power circuit 3 is connected to a lightning protection device 4 to provide additional lightning protection. The lightning protection device 4 is connected to an intelligent fault detection module 5 to monitor the working status of the system and detect faults. The intelligent fault detection module 5 is connected to a display screen 9 to display the operating status and fault information of the system. An integrated heat dissipation system 6 is connected to the power circuit 3 to ensure the heat dissipation effect when the system is running. An adjustable circuit protector 8 is connected to the power circuit 3 to protect the system from problems such as overload and short circuit. The modular interface 7 is used to connect signal transmission and control between various modules.

[0044] In the above embodiment, the internal circuit of the lightning induction shield 1 integrates a lightning arrester, a capacitor, an inductor, a diode, a fuse, an overvoltage protector and a grounding wire; the output end of the lightning arrester is connected to the ground terminal of the circuit board; the capacitor and the inductor are connected together to form a filtering circuit; the output end of the filtering circuit is connected to the power supply end of the circuit board; the diode is connected to the input end of the circuit board; the fuse and the overvoltage protector are connected to the input ends of the capacitor and the inductor; the grounding wire is connected to the input end of the lightning arrester.

[0045] In a specific embodiment, a lightning arrester is used to ground lightning energy to prevent overvoltage from damaging electronic equipment. A capacitor is used to absorb and store lightning energy to reduce the impact of overvoltage on the system. An inductor is used to limit current and generate a magnetic field to help absorb and disperse lightning energy. A diode is used to limit the direction of current to prevent reverse current from damaging the system. A fuse disconnects the circuit when the current is overloaded to protect other electronic equipment from damage. An overvoltage protector monitors the voltage and cuts off the circuit when a preset threshold is reached to prevent overvoltage from damaging the equipment. A grounding wire is used to direct lightning energy into the ground to protect electronic equipment from damage. A circuit board is used to support and connect the above components to provide electrical connections.

[0046] In the above embodiment, the anti-electromagnetic interference filter 2 is provided with a metal protective shell on the outside; the anti-electromagnetic interference filter 2 is provided with a filter circuit board 204 inside for filtering out clutter and interference signals in the circuit; the filter circuit board 204 is integrated with a filter capacitor 201, an inductor 202 and a relay 203; the anti-electromagnetic interference filter 2 is connected to the power line through a connector.

[0047] In a specific embodiment, the anti-electromagnetic interference filter 2 is usually installed at the power access point of the photovoltaic power station, such as the AC input terminal or the DC input terminal. It is directly connected to the power line as a part of the circuit to filter out clutter and interference signals. In addition, the anti-electromagnetic interference filter 2 uses efficient filter capacitors. These capacitors can form a filter network in the circuit, and filter out or reduce high-frequency clutter and interference signals to a negligible level by conducting or blocking them.

[0048] When a photovoltaic power station is working, there may be various noise and interference signals from the power grid, electrical equipment or other electronic equipment in the surrounding environment. These signals may affect the normal operation of the photovoltaic power station, causing circuit instability or abnormality. The role of the anti-electromagnetic interference filter is to filter out these interference signals through the filter capacitor to ensure stable circuit operation.

[0049] In a photovoltaic power station filter device with lightning protection, the anti-electromagnetic interference filter 2 can improve the circuit stability of the photovoltaic power station system by filtering out clutter and interference signals. This can ensure that the circuit can operate normally under various working conditions, reduce the occurrence of faults or abnormal conditions caused by external interference, and improve the reliability and performance of the system.

[0050] In the above embodiment, the lightning protection device 4 includes a lightning arrester, which is installed above the photovoltaic power station and is used to receive and introduce lightning energy. The lightning arrester introduces energy into the underground through a grounding wire, and a grounding rod is provided at the end of the grounding wire; a surge protection device is provided below the lightning arrester to protect the photovoltaic power station equipment from overvoltage and surge current; the lightning protection device 4 is connected to the photovoltaic power station equipment through a connecting cable.

[0051] In a specific embodiment, a lightning arrester is installed above the photovoltaic power station, and its function is to receive and introduce lightning energy. When encountering a lightning strike, the lightning arrester will absorb most of the lightning energy, thereby protecting the photovoltaic power station equipment from direct lightning damage: the lightning arrester conducts the absorbed lightning energy into the ground through the grounding wire to ensure that the lightning strike can be safely released to the ground without causing damage to the equipment. A grounding rod is usually provided at the end of the grounding wire for effective grounding and charge release. A surge protection device is provided below the lightning arrester, and its function is to further protect the photovoltaic power station equipment from overvoltage and surge current. The surge protection device can provide effective protection when the system is subjected to voltage surges or overvoltages, preventing these voltage fluctuations from causing damage to the equipment.

[0052] The lightning protection device is connected to the photovoltaic power station equipment through a connecting cable. In this way, in the event of a lightning strike or voltage surge, the lightning protection device can guide these dangerous factors underground and protect the normal operation of the photovoltaic power station equipment. The working principle of the lightning protection device is to receive and introduce lightning energy through the lightning arrester, perform grounding, and combine with the surge protection device to ensure that the photovoltaic power station equipment is protected from lightning strikes, overvoltage and surge current, thereby ensuring the safe operation of the photovoltaic power station system.

[0053] In the above embodiment, the intelligent fault detection module 5 includes sensors, which include a current sensor 501, a voltage sensor 502 and a temperature sensor 503; the sensor is connected to the input port of the fault detection circuit 504 through a data line; the fault detection circuit 504 is integrated inside the inverter of the photovoltaic power station equipment.

[0054] In a specific embodiment, the intelligent fault detection module 5 includes a current sensor 501, a voltage sensor 502 and a temperature sensor 503. These sensors are installed on the photovoltaic power station equipment for real-time monitoring of key parameters such as current, voltage and temperature. The sensor is connected to the input port of the fault detection circuit 504 via a data line. The parameter data collected by the sensor is transmitted to the inside of the fault detection circuit via the data line. The fault detection circuit 504 is integrated inside the inverter of the photovoltaic power station equipment. The circuit analyzes and processes the parameter data collected by the sensor in real time. It monitors whether these parameters are within the normal range and whether there are any abnormal conditions. If any abnormal conditions are detected, such as current overload, voltage abnormality or high temperature, the fault detection circuit will send an alarm signal. At this time, the system can take corresponding measures, such as shutdown protection, alarm notification or automatic adjustment, to avoid further damage to the equipment or accidents.

[0055] In specific implementation, the intelligent fault detection module can monitor the operating status of photovoltaic power station equipment in real time, detect and handle potential faults or abnormal conditions in a timely manner, and effectively protect the equipment from damage. Secondly, by monitoring and analyzing key parameters, the system can warn of possible faults in advance, perform preventive maintenance, extend the service life of equipment, and improve the reliability and stability of photovoltaic power stations. In addition, timely detection and handling of faults can minimize downtime losses caused by equipment damage or accidents, and also reduce maintenance and repair costs.

[0056] In the above embodiment, the integrated cooling system 6 includes a cooling fan, a heat sink, a power supply and a control circuit; the cooling fan is composed of a motor, blades and a casing; the cooling fan is installed on the left side of the integrated cooling system 6; a heat sink is arranged directly below the cooling fan; the heat sink is fixed to the surface of the radiator by a buckle; the cooling fan is connected to the power supply and the control circuit by wires; the power supply and the control circuit are arranged inside the integrated cooling system 6.

[0057] In a specific embodiment, the cooling fan in the integrated cooling system 6 is composed of a motor, blades and a housing. When the photovoltaic power station filter device is running, the cooling fan will start, and the motor drives the blades to rotate, thereby generating wind. The cooling fan is installed on the left side of the integrated cooling system 6, and a heat sink is arranged directly below. The cooling fan blows air so that the heat sink can effectively dissipate heat and help reduce the temperature inside the system. The heat sink is fixed to the surface of the radiator by a buckle to ensure good contact between the heat sink and the radiator to improve the heat dissipation efficiency. The cooling fan is connected to the power supply and the control circuit through a wire. The control circuit can realize the start and stop and speed adjustment of the cooling fan, and automatically adjust the working state of the cooling fan according to the internal temperature of the system to keep the system within a suitable working temperature range. The working mode of the integrated cooling system 6 is to effectively dissipate the heat generated inside the system through the synergistic effect of the cooling fan and the heat sink, and keep the equipment within a safe and stable working temperature range, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the photovoltaic power station filter device and extending the service life of the equipment.

[0058] In the above embodiment, the adjustable circuit protector 8 includes a control unit 801, a sensor group 802, a regulator 803, an Ethernet interface 804, a protection element 805 and a power module 806; the control unit 801 is composed of a microprocessor chip for performing protection parameter adjustment and control functions; the microprocessor chip integrates a central processing unit, a memory and an input / output interface; the sensor group 802 includes a current sensor, a voltage sensor and a temperature sensor for real-time monitoring of circuit load and environmental conditions; the sensor group 802 is connected to the control unit 801 via a data line to provide real-time data; the regulator 803 is internally provided with an adjustable resistor and a logic controller; for adjusting the protection parameters; the regulator The output end of the circuit protector 803 is connected to the input end of the sensor group 802 and the control unit 801; the Ethernet interface 804 is located outside the circuit protector and is used to connect to the external system and exchange data; the protection element 805 includes a fuse, an overvoltage protector and a circuit breaker, which are used to protect the safe operation of the circuit when a circuit failure occurs; the protection element 805 is connected to the main circuit of the circuit protector; the overvoltage protector is composed of a gas discharge tube, and the circuit breaker is composed of an electromagnetic releaser and a trigger; the power module 806 includes a transformer, a rectifier, a voltage stabilizer and a filter, which are used to convert the input power into a stable DC power supply and provide it to the circuit protector; the power module 806 is located inside the circuit protector.

[0059] In a specific embodiment, the protection element (such as a lightning arrester, an overvoltage protector, etc.) will respond quickly when lightning strikes, disperse or reduce the overvoltage to a safe level, and protect the circuit and equipment.

[0060] The sensor group is responsible for monitoring various parameters of the circuit, including current, voltage, temperature, etc. These sensors can feed back data to the control unit in real time.

[0061] The control unit uses a microprocessor chip to process and analyze the data obtained by the sensor to monitor the working status of the circuit. The control unit determines whether the circuit is in normal working condition based on the analysis results of the sensor data. Once an abnormal situation (such as overcurrent, overvoltage, overtemperature, etc.) is found, the control unit will immediately issue an alarm and take corresponding protective measures.

[0062] The regulator is responsible for regulating and protecting the circuit according to the instructions of the control unit, such as cutting off the power supply, reducing the voltage, etc., to avoid damage to the equipment or threats to personal safety.

[0063] The adjustable circuit protector is intelligent and can adjust the protection strategy in real time according to the working status of the circuit to optimize the operating efficiency and safety of the circuit. Through the synergy of the control unit and the regulator, the protector can automatically adjust the protection parameters according to the changes in the circuit load to improve the stability and reliability of the system.

[0064] The Ethernet interface enables the adjustable circuit protector to communicate with external systems or monitoring platforms and supports remote monitoring and control functions. The external system can send instructions to the control unit through the Ethernet interface to achieve remote control of the circuit protector, so as to respond to various emergency situations in a timely manner and take corresponding measures.

[0065] Although the specific embodiments of the present invention are described above, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that these specific embodiments are only examples, and those skilled in the art may omit, replace, and change the details of the above methods and systems without departing from the principles and essence of the present invention. For example, merging the above method steps so as to perform substantially the same functions in substantially the same manner to achieve substantially the same results is within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic power station filter device with lightning protection, characterized in that: include: A lightning induction shield (1), an anti-electromagnetic interference filter (2), a power supply circuit (3), a lightning protection device (4), an intelligent fault detection module (5), an integrated heat dissipation system (6), a modular interface (7), an adjustable circuit protector (8) and a display screen (9); the lightning induction shield (1) is installed on the left side of the inverter above the photovoltaic power station equipment; the lightning induction shield (1) is connected to the main power line of the equipment through a wire to absorb and disperse lightning energy; the anti-electromagnetic interference filter (2) is installed at the power access point of the photovoltaic power station and is connected to the power supply circuit (3) to filter out clutter and interference signals from the power grid or other external sources; the power supply circuit (3) is integrated on the internal control board of the photovoltaic power station equipment and obtains power supply through the main power supply line; the lightning protection device (4) is installed on the photovoltaic power station equipment On the upper structure, the lightning protection device (4) is connected to the underground grounding system through a grounding wire; the intelligent fault detection module (5) is integrated on the internal control board of the photovoltaic power station equipment, and the intelligent fault detection module (5) is connected to the internal circuit of the equipment through a sensor, and is used to monitor the working state of the circuit and detect fault conditions; the integrated heat dissipation system (6) is installed on the inverter and the equipment casing, and dissipates the heat generated by the circuit through a cooling fan and a heat sink; the modular interface (7) is located on the connection interface board of the photovoltaic power station equipment; the adjustable circuit protector (8) is integrated on the internal control board of the photovoltaic power station equipment, and is connected to the protection system circuit; the display screen (9) is installed on the control panel of the photovoltaic power station equipment; the display screen (9) is connected to the control board of the equipment through a data line, and is used to display the working state and parameters of the circuit in real time.

2. A photovoltaic power station filter device with lightning protection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lightning induction shield (1) comprises a shell (101): the shell is made of aluminum alloy material to protect the internal circuit from the external environment; the bottom of the shell is provided with a connection hole for fixing a connection bracket and a ground wire; the inside of the shell is covered with a layer of copper mesh (102); a metal conductor (103) is fixedly connected to the left side of the shell; the metal conductor is connected to the ground wire system through a connection line; a fixing bracket (104) is provided under the shell, and the fixing bracket (104) is fixedly connected to both sides of the shell by bolts; the ground wire system consists of a plurality of ground wires connected to the conductor; a grounding electrode (105) is provided at the end of the ground wire system for guiding lightning energy into the ground.

3. The photovoltaic power station filter device with lightning protection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The internal circuit of the lightning induction shield (1) integrates a lightning arrester, a capacitor, an inductor, a diode, a fuse, an overvoltage protector and a ground wire; the output end of the lightning arrester is connected to the ground wire end of the circuit board; the capacitor and the inductor are connected together to form a filter loop; the output end of the filter loop is connected to the power supply end of the circuit board; The diode is connected to the input end of the circuit board; the fuse and the overvoltage protector are connected to the input ends of the capacitor and the inductor; and the grounding wire is connected to the input end of the lightning arrester.

4. A photovoltaic power station filter device with lightning protection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-electromagnetic interference filter (2) is provided with a metal protective shell on the outside; the anti-electromagnetic interference filter (2) is provided with a filter circuit board (204) inside for filtering out clutter and interference signals in the circuit; the filter circuit board (204) is integrated with a filter capacitor (201), an inductor (202) and a relay (203); the anti-electromagnetic interference filter (2) is connected to a power supply line via a connector.

5. The photovoltaic power station filter device with lightning protection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lightning protection device (4) comprises a lightning arrester, which is installed above the photovoltaic power station and is used to receive and introduce lightning energy. The lightning arrester introduces the energy into the ground through a grounding wire, and a grounding rod is arranged at the end of the grounding wire; a surge protection device is arranged below the lightning arrester to protect the photovoltaic power station equipment from overvoltage and surge current; The lightning protection device (4) is connected to the photovoltaic power station equipment via a connecting cable.

6. A photovoltaic power station filter device with lightning protection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent fault detection module (5) comprises sensors, wherein the sensors comprise a current sensor (501), a voltage sensor (502) and a temperature sensor (503); the sensors are connected to an input port of a fault detection circuit (504) via a data line; the fault detection circuit (504) is integrated inside an inverter of a photovoltaic power station device.

7. A photovoltaic power station filter device with lightning protection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The integrated heat dissipation system (6) comprises a heat dissipation fan, a heat sink, a power supply and a control circuit; the heat dissipation fan comprises a motor, blades and a housing; the heat dissipation fan is installed on the left side of the integrated heat dissipation system (6); a heat sink is arranged directly below the heat dissipation fan; the heat sink is fixed to the surface of the radiator by means of a buckle; the heat dissipation fan is connected to the power supply and the control circuit by means of a wire; the power supply and the control circuit are arranged inside the integrated heat dissipation system (6).

8. The photovoltaic power station filter device with lightning protection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustable circuit protector (8) comprises a control unit (801), a sensor group (802), a regulator (803), an Ethernet interface (804), a protection element (805) and a power module (806); the control unit (801) is composed of a microprocessor chip for performing protection parameter adjustment and control functions; the microprocessor chip integrates a central processing unit, a memory and an input / output interface; the sensor group (802) comprises a current sensor, a voltage sensor and a temperature sensor for real-time monitoring of circuit load and environmental conditions; the sensor group (802) is connected to the control unit (801) via a data line to provide real-time data; the regulator (803) is internally provided with an adjustable resistor and a logic controller; it is used to adjust the protection parameters; the regulator The output end of the circuit protector (803) is connected to the input end of the sensor group (802) and the control unit (801); the Ethernet interface (804) is located outside the circuit protector and is used to connect to an external system and exchange data; the protection element (805) includes a fuse, an overvoltage protector and a circuit breaker, which are used to protect the circuit from running safely when a circuit failure occurs; the protection element (805) is connected to the main circuit of the circuit protector; the overvoltage protector is composed of a gas discharge tube, and the circuit breaker is composed of an electromagnetic releaser and a trigger; the power module (806) includes a transformer, a rectifier, a voltage stabilizer and a filter, which are used to convert the input power into a stable DC power supply and provide it to the circuit protector; the power module (806) is located inside the circuit protector.

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