External adjustment type multi-point reconfigurable mold

Abstract

The utility model discloses an external adjustment type multi-point reconfigurable die, and relates to the technical field of flexible forming and manufacturing. According to the multi-point reconfigurable die, the heating rods are arranged in the forming units, so that metal, composite materials and other heatable materials can be processed, and the types of materials for processing the multi-point reconfigurable die are enriched; the replaceable punch unit can have a better forming effect according to the requirement of the shape of the die surface; through external shape adjustment and based on the characteristic that a flexible cutter has interference expansion and contraction amount, the die surface leveling function of single equipment can be achieved through the die surface leveling method, accumulated errors caused by multiple times of shape adjustment are eliminated, and the forming precision is greatly improved; external shape adjusting is adopted, the cutter is driven through the cutter moving control assembly, the cutter conducts shape adjusting treatment on the forming unit, the distance between the cutter moving control assembly and the forming unit is long, and the situation that a driving component for shape adjusting of the forming unit is affected by high-temperature forming machining can be effectively avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of flexible forming manufacturing, in particular to an externally adjustable multi-point reconfigurable mould. Background Art

[0002] Flexible multi-point forming is a method of discretizing the overall mold and controlling the Z-direction position coordinates of the dispersed and regularly arranged basic bodies (or punches) to perform rapid forming of sheet metal. After years of development, flexible multi-point forming technology is combined with digital manufacturing technology. The upper and lower forming surfaces are formed by computer-controlled dispersed and regularly arranged basic bodies. Through real-time control of the movement of each basic body, the forming surface is freely constructed to achieve three-dimensional curved surface forming of the sheet metal.

[0003] In the existing technology, combined with the characteristics of sheet metal forming, the disclosed technical solutions such as "sheet metal multi-point forming device (ZL 02273508.9)", "composite material curved surface hot pressing forming method based on multi-point reconfigurable mold (ZL 201510102729.4)" and "a portable single-mode flexible forming equipment (ZL 201911263521.5)" have realized the flexible processing from metal sheets to composite material panels, and the forming method has also been greatly improved.

[0004] However, in the above-mentioned prior art, the forming dies of the multi-point forming equipment all use built-in motors, and the following technical problems exist in the process of driving the forming unit to adjust the shape:

[0005] Composite materials cannot be processed. When using forming equipment with built-in motors to process composite materials, the forming equipment needs to be placed in a high-temperature environment because the composite materials need to be heated during the forming process. Long-term heating can cause the motor to lose magnetism or be damaged, affecting the forming accuracy and even the normal use of the equipment.

[0006] The leveling function cannot be completed independently and needs to be realized with the help of other tools. Since there is a certain degree of idle rotation before the tool and the forming unit engage, the error caused by this idle rotation can be ignored during a single shaping process. However, as the number of shaping adjustments increases, die surface leveling is required. Utility Model Content

[0007] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a multi-point reconfigurable mold in an externally adjustable form to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0008] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides the following technical solutions: a multi-point reconfigurable mold with external adjustment, including a reconfigurable mold and a shape adjustment mechanism, the reconfigurable mold including a box body and a plurality of forming units, the forming units are arranged inside the box body, and the top of the forming units extends to the top of the box body, the shape adjustment mechanism includes a tool movement control component and a flexible tool, the flexible tool is connected to the output end of the tool movement control component, the flexible tool includes a tool head, a cavity structure, a spring and a retaining spring; the bottom outer wall of the tool head is provided with a first pattern, the top of the tool head is installed in the cavity structure through the retaining spring, the spring is sleeved on the outer wall of the rod-shaped end of the tool head, and the two ends of the spring are respectively fixedly connected to the tool head and the inner wall of the cavity structure; the top outer wall of the forming unit is provided with a second pattern matching the first pattern.

[0009] Furthermore, the bottom of the cutter head is cylindrical, and the outer diameter of the cylindrical structure of the cutter head is equal to the outer diameter of the top of the forming unit; the top of the cutter head is rod-shaped, and the rod-shaped structure of the cutter head is a regular hexagonal rod.

[0010] Furthermore, the cavity structure includes an upper cavity and a lower cavity, the lower cavity is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the upper cavity, the rod-shaped structure of the tool head is movably sleeved inside the lower cavity, and a connecting rod is provided on the top of the upper cavity, and the connecting rod is connected to the output end of the tool movement control component through a coupling.

[0011] Furthermore, the forming unit includes a punch unit, a Z-axis moving rod, a fixed rod, a heating rod, a fixing nut and a gasket, the second pattern is arranged on the top of the outer wall of the Z-axis moving rod, the Z-axis moving rod is threadedly connected to the fixed rod, and the Z-axis moving rod is sleeved on the outside of the fixed rod, the fixed rod is fixedly connected to the box body through the fixing nut, the heating rod is arranged inside the fixed rod, the gasket is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the fixed rod, and the gasket is arranged between the Z-axis moving rod and the fixing nut.

[0012] Furthermore, the punch unit is a swing punch, the outer diameter of the support head of the swing punch is smaller than the outer diameter of the Z-axis moving rod, and the support head of the swing punch is installed at the top center of the Z-axis moving rod through threads.

[0013] Furthermore, the punch unit is a spherical punch, which includes a large ball cap and a small ball cap. The small ball cap is magnetic and is threadedly connected to the top center of the Z-axis moving rod. The inner diameter of the large ball cap is equal to the outer diameter of the small ball cap, and the outer diameter of the large ball cap is equal to the outer diameter of the Z-axis moving rod.

[0014] Furthermore, the tool movement control component is a multi-axis robotic arm, and the flexible tool is connected to the output end of the robotic arm via a coupling.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the utility model are:

[0016] 1. The utility model sets a heating rod inside the forming unit, which can realize the processing of metals, composite materials and other heatable materials, enriching the types of materials for multi-point reconfigurable mold processing; the replaceable punch unit can have a better forming effect according to the requirements of the moldable surface shape; by designing a flexible tool to replace the original rigid tool, the damage caused by the rigid collision between the tool and the forming unit can be reduced; through external adjustment, and based on the characteristics of the flexible tool having interference expansion and contraction, the die surface leveling function of a single device can be realized through the above-mentioned die surface leveling method, which is more convenient than the traditional multi-point mold to regularly use other equipment to assist in leveling the die surface, and because the cumulative error caused by multiple adjustments is eliminated, the forming accuracy is greatly improved; external adjustment is adopted, the tool is driven by the tool movement control component, and the tool adjusts the forming unit, and the tool movement control component is far away from the forming unit, which can effectively prevent the driving components of the forming unit adjustment from being affected by high-temperature forming processing.

[0017] 2. In the utility model, the externally adjustable multi-point reconfigurable mold is composed of a reconfigurable mold and a shape adjustment mechanism; the shape adjustment method is to first use the pattern matching connection between the cutter head and the forming unit, then control the rotation and movement of the flexible tool, and realize the shape adjustment function; based on the characteristic of the flexible tool having an interference expansion amount, after the flexible tool is connected to the forming unit, the height of the flexible tool is kept unchanged, and the flexible tool is given an interference rotation amount to disengage the cutter head from the forming unit, and then the spatial height of the flexible tool is continued to be used, and this operation is repeated for other forming units to realize the mold surface leveling function; in addition, a layered shape adjustment method and a partitioned shape adjustment method are derived; the layer-by-layer shape adjustment method is to adjust the height of the forming unit layer by layer, and finally adjust the mold surface to be formed; the partitioned shape adjustment method is to adjust the height of the shape adjustment unit layer by layer in different regions to speed up the shape adjustment speed; the utility model makes the functions of the multi-point reconfigurable mold more diversified by using an external flexible tool for shape adjustment, and eliminates the errors caused by tool idling that are common in traditional multi-point reconfigurable molds. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the forming unit of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the flexible cutting tool of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the working of the swing punch in the forming unit of the utility model. Figure 1 ;

[0023] Figure 5 It is a top view distribution diagram of the forming unit of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the working of the swing punch in the forming unit of the utility model. Figure 2 ;

[0025] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the operation of the spherical punch in the forming unit of the utility model;

[0026] In the figure: 1. reconfigurable mold; 11. forming unit; 111. swing punch; 112. large ball cap; 113. Z-axis moving rod; 114. fixing rod; 115. fixing nut; 116. heating rod; 117. gasket; 118. small ball cap; 12. box; 2. shape adjustment mechanism; 21. flexible tool; 211. upper cavity; 212. lower cavity; 213. tool head; 214. spring; 215. retaining ring; 22. tool movement control assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, the utility model discloses a multi-point reconfigurable mold in an external adjustment form, comprising: a reconfigurable mold 1 and a shape adjustment mechanism 2, wherein the reconfigurable mold is composed of a box body 12 and a plurality of forming units 11 with the same structure; the forming units are installed in the box body 12; taking a mechanical arm as a tool movement control component 22 as an example, the shape adjustment structure 2 is composed of a mechanical arm and a flexible tool 21; the flexible tool 21 is installed on the mechanical arm through a coupling;

[0029] like Figure 2 As shown, the forming unit 11 is composed of a punch unit, a Z-axis moving rod 113, a fixing rod 114, a heating rod 116, a fixing nut 115 and a gasket 117; the punch unit can be divided into a spherical punch and a swing punch 111;

[0030] The spherical punch is composed of two sets of ball caps of different sizes. The small ball cap 118 is magnetic and is connected to the Z-direction moving rod 113 by threads. The inner diameter of the large ball cap 112 is equal to the outer diameter of the small ball cap 118 and is installed on the small ball cap 118 by magnetic adsorption.

[0031] The support head of the swing punch 111 has a size smaller than the outer diameter of the Z-direction moving rod 113 and is installed on the Z-direction moving rod 113 by means of threads;

[0032] The Z-direction moving rod 113 has a pattern matching the flexible tool head on its upper side, and is connected to the fixed rod 114 by a thread, so as to realize Z-direction movement driven by the flexible tool 21;

[0033] The fixing rod 114 is installed in the box through the fixing nut 115, and the heating rod 116 is installed in the forming unit 11 to achieve heating of the sheet material to be processed;

[0034] like Figure 3 As shown, the flexible tool 21 is composed of a tool head 213, an upper cavity 211, a lower cavity 212, a spring 214 and a retaining spring 215; one end of the tool head 213 is cylindrical and the other end is rod-shaped, the cylindrical end has a pattern, and the inner diameter is slightly larger than the punch size; the rod end is a hexagonal rod, which is installed in the cavity structure through the retaining spring 215 and moves in the Z direction in the cavity structure; the lower end of the lower cavity 212 has an inner hexagonal hole, and forms a cavity structure with the upper cavity 211, and a spring 214 is installed inside the cavity structure to keep the flexible tool 21 in an extended state; the end of the upper cavity 211 is a hexagonal rod, which is installed on the robot arm through a coupling, and there is a 1mm gap on the side of the upper cavity. The gap is compressed by a screw to connect the upper cavity 211 and the lower cavity 212;

[0035] The utility model discloses a shaping method for a multi-point reconfigurable mold in the form of internal and external adjustment, including a layered shaping method, a partitioned shaping method and a mold surface leveling method;

[0036] S1. Layered shaping method: The expected mold surface is layered every n centimeters according to the height to be adjusted of each forming unit 11. When the height of the forming unit is lower than the height of the first layer, it is directly adjusted to the height to be adjusted; when the height of the forming unit 11 is equal to or greater than the height of the first layer, it is adjusted to the height of the first layer; further, the operation is repeated and the height of the forming unit is adjusted layer by layer.

[0037] S2. Partitioned shaping method: Divide the die surface to be formed into areas, and assign the shaping tasks of the divided areas to different shaping mechanisms. Design the movement paths of the shaping mechanisms to prevent interference between the shaping mechanisms, and continue to adjust the height of the forming units in zones and layers.

[0038] S3. Die surface leveling method: Move the flexible tool 21 to the top of any forming unit 11, and move the flexible tool 21 downward until the cutter head 213 and the Z-direction moving rod 113 are in excessive contact, and the flexible tool 21 begins to shrink; when the flexible tool 21 is adjusted to the expected plane height, the Z-direction coordinate of the flexible tool 21 is kept unchanged, and the flexible tool 21 is given an excessive rotation amount, and the cutter head 213 and the Z-direction moving rod 113 undergo three processes of meshing, co-rotation and disengagement; and repeat this operation for other forming units 11 until the die surface is leveled; if the punch unit is a spherical punch, it is necessary to manually remove the large ball cap 112 before the adjustment begins;

[0039] The layered shaping method is as follows:

[0040] like Figure 4 As shown, taking the swing punch 111 as an example, when adjusting the shape, first, the die surface to be adjusted is layered into n centimeters, and the flexible tool 21 is moved above any forming unit of the first layer, and the flexible tool 21 is moved downward until the cutter head 213 is in excessive contact with the Z-direction moving rod 113, and the spring 214 in the flexible tool 21 begins to contract under force; the flexible tool 21 and the Z-direction moving rod 113 are kept moving in the Z direction at the same speed, and when the forming unit 11 reaches the specified height, the flexible tool 21 is separated from the forming unit 11 and moved to other forming units to repeat this process until the first layer is adjusted; thereafter, the flexible tool 21 is moved above any forming unit of the next layer, and the above process is repeated until the die surface is adjusted;

[0041] When the die surface size is large or the shaping speed is further increased, the die surface needs to be partitioned, such as Figure 5 As shown, the die surface is divided into 4 zones as an example, and the shaping task of each zone is assigned to different tool movement control groups 22; and the motion path is designed to prevent the collision of each control group during the shaping process; and the hierarchical shaping method is further used to achieve the shaping;

[0042] like Figure 6As shown, for the leveling of the swing punch 111 of the punch type: first, move the flexible tool 21 to above any forming unit 11, and move the flexible tool 21 downward until the tool head 213 is in excessive contact with the Z-axis moving rod 113, and the spring 214 in the flexible tool 21 begins to contract under force; after adjusting the tool movement control group 22 to the zero height, before leveling the next forming unit 11, the position of the tool movement control group 22 is fixed without translation and lifting adjustment; in this process, the tool head 213 and the Z-axis moving rod 113 change from a non-engaged state to an engaged state; and further give excessive rotation, the tool head 213 drives the Z-axis moving rod 113 in the forming unit 11 to rotate through the engagement of the first pattern and the second pattern, and the Z-axis moving rod 113 rotates downward along the fixed rod 14. Movement, as the Z-axis moving rod 113 gradually moves downward, the spring 214 stretches to ensure that the first pattern of the cutter head 213 is always meshed with the second pattern at the top of the Z-axis moving rod 113, until the second pattern at the top of the Z-axis moving rod 113 is disengaged from the first pattern at the bottom of the outer wall of the cutter head 213, and the cutter head 213 no longer contacts and adjusts the forming unit 11, and the Z-axis moving rod 113 is rotated downward to the set position; the flexible tool 21 moves from the compressed state to the extended state, and during this process, the cutter head 213 is disengaged from the forming unit 11; the flexible tool 21 is moved above other forming units 11, and this operation is repeated. Since the movement of the tool movement control group 22 and the length of the flexible tool 21 are accurate, the heights of all forming units 11 are also accurate, and finally the mold surface is leveled;

[0043] like Figure 7As shown, when the punch type is a spherical punch 112, the large ball cap 1121 is manually removed before the adjustment begins, and then the flexible tool 21 is moved above any forming unit, and the flexible tool 21 is moved downward until the cutter head 213 is in excessive contact with the Z-axis moving rod 113, and the spring 214 in the flexible tool 21 begins to contract under force; after adjusting the tool movement control group 22 to the zero height, before leveling the next forming unit 11, the position of the tool movement control group 22 is fixed without translation and lifting adjustment; in this process, the cutter head 213 and the Z-axis moving rod 113 change from a non-engaged state to an engaged state; and further given an excessive rotation, the cutter head 213 drives the Z-axis moving rod 113 in the forming unit 11 to rotate through the engagement of the first pattern and the second pattern, and the Z-axis moving rod 113 rotates along the fixed rod 14 Move downward. As the Z-axis moving rod 113 gradually moves downward, the spring 214 stretches to ensure that the first pattern of the cutter head 213 is always meshed with the second pattern on the top of the Z-axis moving rod 113, until the second pattern on the top of the Z-axis moving rod 113 is disengaged from the first pattern at the bottom of the outer wall of the cutter head 213, and the cutter head 213 no longer contacts and adjusts the forming unit 11. The Z-axis moving rod 113 rotates downward to the set position; the flexible tool 21 moves from a compressed state to an extended state. During this process, the cutter head 213 is disengaged from the forming unit 11; the flexible tool 21 is moved above other forming units 11, and this operation is repeated. Since the movement of the tool movement control group 22 and the length of the flexible tool 21 are accurate, the heights of all forming units 11 are also accurate, and the mold surface is finally leveled; finally, the large ball cap 1121 is installed.

[0044] The working principle of this utility model:

[0045] Refer to the instruction manual Figure 1-Figure 7 The utility model sets a heating rod 116 inside the forming unit, which can realize the processing of metals, composite materials and other heatable materials, enriching the types of materials processed by the multi-point reconfigurable mold 1; the replaceable punch unit 11 can have a better forming effect according to the requirements of the moldable surface shape; by designing a flexible tool 21, replacing the original rigid tool, the damage caused by the rigid collision between the tool and the forming unit 11 can be reduced; through external adjustment, and based on the characteristics of the flexible tool having interference expansion and contraction, the die surface leveling function of a single device can be realized through the above-mentioned die surface leveling method, which is more convenient than the traditional multi-point mold to regularly use other equipment to assist in leveling the die surface, and because the cumulative error caused by multiple adjustments is eliminated, the forming accuracy is greatly improved, and the external adjustment is adopted. The tool 213 is driven by the tool movement control component 22, and the tool 213 adjusts the forming unit 11. The tool movement control component 22 is far away from the forming unit 11, which can effectively avoid the driving components of the shaping of the forming unit 11 from being affected by high-temperature forming processing;

[0046] The externally adjusted multi-point reconfigurable mold is composed of a reconfigurable mold 1 and a shape adjustment mechanism 2; the shape adjustment method is to first use the pattern matching connection of the cutter head 213 and the forming unit 11, and then control the rotation and movement of the flexible tool 21 to realize the shape adjustment function; based on the characteristics of the flexible tool 21 having an interference expansion amount, after the flexible tool 21 is connected to the forming unit 11, the height of the flexible tool 21 is kept unchanged, and the flexible tool 21 is given an interference rotation amount to disengage the cutter head 213 from the forming unit 11, and then the spatial height of the flexible tool 21 is continued to be used, and this operation is repeated for other forming units 11 to realize the mold surface leveling function; in addition, a layered shape adjustment method and a partitioned shape adjustment method are derived; the layer-by-layer shape adjustment method is to adjust the height of the forming unit layer by layer, and finally adjust the mold surface to be formed; the partitioned shape adjustment method is to adjust the height of the shape adjustment unit layer by layer in different regions to speed up the shape adjustment speed; the utility model makes the functions of the multi-point reconfigurable mold more diversified by using the external flexible tool 21 for shape adjustment, and eliminates the errors caused by tool idling that are common in traditional multi-point reconfigurable molds.

[0047] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Although the utility model is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the above embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. An externally adjustable multi-point reconfigurable mold, comprising a reconfigurable mold (1) and a shape adjustment mechanism (2), characterized in that: The reconfigurable mold (1) comprises a box (12) and a plurality of forming units (11), wherein the forming units (11) are arranged inside the box (12), and the top of the forming units (11) extends above the box (12), and the shape adjustment mechanism (2) comprises a tool movement control component (22) and a flexible tool (21), wherein the flexible tool (21) is connected to the output end of the tool movement control component (22), and the flexible tool (21) comprises a tool head (213), a cavity The present invention relates to a cavity structure, a spring (214) and a retaining spring (215); the bottom outer wall of the cutter head (213) is provided with a first pattern, the top of the cutter head (213) is installed in the cavity structure through the retaining spring (215), the spring (214) is sleeved on the outer wall of the rod-shaped end of the cutter head (213), and the two ends of the spring (214) are respectively fixedly connected to the cutter head (213) and the inner wall of the cavity structure; the top outer wall of the forming unit (11) is provided with a second pattern matching the first pattern.

2. According to claim 1, the multi-point reconfigurable mold with external adjustment is characterized in that: The bottom of the cutter head (213) is cylindrical, and the outer diameter of the cylindrical structure of the cutter head (213) is equal to the outer diameter of the top of the forming unit (11); the top of the cutter head (213) is rod-shaped, and the rod-shaped structure of the cutter head (213) is a regular hexagonal rod.

3. According to claim 2, the multi-point reconfigurable mold with external adjustment is characterized in that: The cavity structure comprises an upper cavity (211) and a lower cavity (212); the lower cavity (212) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the upper cavity (211); the rod-shaped structure of the tool head (213) is movably sleeved inside the lower cavity (212); a connecting rod is provided at the top of the upper cavity (211); and the connecting rod is connected to the output end of the tool movement control component (22) through a coupling.

4. The multi-point reconfigurable mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: The forming unit (11) comprises a punch unit, a Z-axis moving rod (113), a fixed rod (114), a heating rod (116), a fixing nut (115) and a gasket (117); the second pattern is arranged on the top of the outer wall of the Z-axis moving rod (113); the Z-axis moving rod (113) is threadedly connected to the fixing rod (114); the Z-axis moving rod (113) is sleeved on the outside of the fixing rod (114); the fixing rod (114) is fixedly connected to the box body (12) through the fixing nut (115); the heating rod (116) is arranged inside the fixing rod (114); the gasket (117) is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the fixing rod (114); and the gasket (117) is arranged between the Z-axis moving rod (113) and the fixing nut (115).

5. The externally adjustable multi-point reconfigurable mold according to claim 4, characterized in that: The punch unit is a swing punch (111), the outer diameter of the support head of the swing punch (111) is smaller than the outer diameter of the Z-direction moving rod (113), and the support head of the swing punch (111) is installed at the top center of the Z-direction moving rod (113) through a thread.

6. The externally adjustable multi-point reconfigurable mold according to claim 4, characterized in that: The punch unit is a spherical punch, which includes a large ball cap (112) and a small ball cap (118). The small ball cap (118) is magnetic and is connected to the top center of the Z-axis moving rod (113) through a thread. The inner diameter of the large ball cap (112) is equal to the outer diameter of the small ball cap (118), and the outer diameter of the large ball cap (112) is equal to the outer diameter of the Z-axis moving rod (113).

7. The externally adjustable multi-point reconfigurable mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tool movement control component (22) is a multi-axis mechanical arm, and the flexible tool (21) is connected to the output end of the mechanical arm via a coupling.

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