Spindle broach mechanism

Abstract

The utility model provides a spindle broach mechanism, and belongs to the technical field of machinery. The broach mechanism solves the problem that an existing broach mechanism is short in service life. The main shaft broach mechanism comprises a machine shell and a hollow main shaft horizontally and rotatably arranged in the machine shell, an air cylinder is horizontally arranged on the rear side of the machine shell and comprises a cylinder body and a piston rod, the front end and the rear end of the piston rod both extend out of the cylinder body, a knife handle is arranged in the front end of the main shaft, and the knife handle and the main shaft are matched through a conical surface; the front end of the pull rod is connected with the cutter handle through a pull claw mechanism; the rear end of the pull rod penetrates through the piston rod; the rear end of the pull rod is sleeved with a barrel-shaped rotary connector used for controlling the air cylinder to stretch out and draw back, the rotary connector comprises a rotary barrel and a fixed barrel, the rotary barrel is fixedly arranged on the pull rod in a sleeving mode, the fixed barrel is arranged outside the rotary barrel in a sleeving mode, and the rear end of the piston rod is fixedly connected with the front end of the rotary barrel. The spindle broach mechanism is long in service life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of machinery and relates to a broaching mechanism, in particular to a spindle broaching mechanism. Background Art

[0002] The spindle broaching mechanism is a clamping mechanism commonly used on the spindle of a machine tool. It is mainly used to fix the workpiece or tool to keep it stable and enable fine processing under high-speed rotation.

[0003] Existing broaching mechanisms, such as a fully automatic intelligent broaching electric spindle disclosed in the China Patent Library (application number: 201320755468.2), include a casing, a stator component with a thermistor, a rotor component and a rotor shaft, and a front bearing and a rear bearing respectively arranged at both ends of the rotor shaft. The casing is provided with an air duct. The casing is a mechanism in which an inner and outer shell are assembled into one and has an internal water circulation system. A sealing cover is provided at the front end of the casing, and a cooling water inlet nozzle, a cooling water outlet nozzle, a tool changing and dust removal air nozzle, an air sealing air nozzle and a tool unloading air inlet nozzle are respectively provided at the rear end of the casing. An automatic tool changing structure is provided on the rotor shaft, a tool handle is provided at the front end of the rotor shaft, and a cylinder is provided at the rear end of the rotor shaft. An air duct is provided in the rotor shaft, and the automatic tool changing structure includes a disc spring and a proximity switch.

[0004] The electric spindle for broaching uses disc springs and cylinders to control the locking or loosening of the tool handle, and the cylinder is in indirect contact with the tool handle. This method has two problems: 1. It has high requirements for the calculation of the disc spring elastic force and is difficult to design; 2. The top pressure generated when the cylinder pushes the disc spring to compress is completely borne by the front bearing, affecting the life and working stability of the front bearing. Utility Model Content

[0005] The utility model aims to solve the above problems in the prior art and proposes a spindle broach mechanism with long service life and low design difficulty.

[0006] The purpose of the utility model can be achieved through the following technical solutions: a spindle tool pulling mechanism, including a casing and a spindle horizontally rotatably arranged in the casing and in a hollow shape, a cylinder is horizontally arranged on the rear side of the casing, the cylinder includes a cylinder body and a piston rod, and the front and rear ends of the piston rod both extend out of the cylinder body, a tool handle is arranged in the front end of the spindle and the two are matched through a conical surface, a pull rod is horizontally arranged in the rear end of the spindle, and the front end of the pull rod is connected to the tool handle through a claw mechanism, characterized in that the cylinder body is fixedly connected to the rear end of the spindle; the piston rod is hollow, and the rear end of the pull rod passes through the piston rod; a cylindrical rotating joint is sleeved on the rear end of the pull rod and is used to control the extension and retraction of the cylinder, and the rotating joint is coaxially arranged with the pull rod; the rotating joint includes a rotating cylinder sleeved and fixed on the pull rod and a fixed cylinder sleeved outside the rotating cylinder, and the rear end of the piston rod is fixedly connected to the front end of the rotating cylinder.

[0007] In actual products, both ends of the main shaft are rotatably supported on the casing through bearings.

[0008] The cylinder body is fixedly connected to the main shaft, and the rear end of the piston rod is directly connected to the pull rod by means of a rotating cylinder body, so that when working, the cylinder as a whole rotates with the main shaft to tighten the tool handle, thereby ensuring stable operation.

[0009] At the same time, the cylinder piston rod is directly connected to the pull rod through a rotating cylinder to control the extension and retraction of the pull rod. This not only omits the disc spring in the prior art, making the overall design simpler and more efficient and reducing the design difficulty, but also reduces the impact on the front end bearing of the spindle, extending the life and working stability of the bearing there, thereby improving the life of the spindle broaching mechanism.

[0010] In the above-mentioned spindle broaching mechanism, the front end of the above-mentioned rotating cylinder is screwed into the rear end of the piston rod, which has the advantages of simple structure and convenient assembly.

[0011] In the above-mentioned spindle broaching mechanism, an annular limit seat is coaxially formed on the outer wall of the rotating cylinder, and the rear end face of the piston rod is pressed against the front end face of the limit seat to prevent the rotating joint from moving forward alone, ensuring that the pull rod always tightens the tool handle during operation, ensuring stable operation of the broaching mechanism.

[0012] In the above-mentioned spindle broaching mechanism, the rotating cylinder is threadedly connected to the draw rod.

[0013] In the above-mentioned spindle broaching mechanism, the claw mechanism includes a claw and a rivet screwed into the rear end of the tool handle, and the rear end of the rivet extends out of the tool handle. The claw includes a claw portion cooperating with the rear end of the rivet and a shaft portion screwed into the front end of the pull rod.

[0014] In the above spindle broaching mechanism, the shaft and the draw rod are both hollow; an annular groove coaxially arranged with the draw rod is provided on the outer wall at the rear end of the draw rod, and a through hole is penetrated on the bottom wall of the annular groove to connect the annular groove to the inner cavity of the draw rod, and an air passage is provided on the rotary joint to connect the annular groove to the outside; the inner cavity of the spindle includes a mounting cavity for accommodating the above-mentioned claw mechanism, and the inner hole at the front end of the shaft is connected to the mounting cavity; an air hole is axially penetrated on the front end surface of the spindle to connect to the mounting cavity. When in use, air is sent into the annular groove through the air passage, and the air enters the mounting cavity through the through hole, the draw rod and the shaft, and then the air is ejected outward through the air hole, reducing the flow of cutting waste backwards and keeping the broaching mechanism clean.

[0015] In the above-mentioned spindle broaching mechanism, the outer wall of the draw rod forms a seal with the inner wall of the rotating cylinder through a sealing ring, and the above-mentioned annular groove is located between the sealing ring and the connection position between the draw rod and the rotating cylinder, ensuring that the gas entering from the airway is completely discharged into the annular groove, thereby improving the gas passing efficiency.

[0016] In the above-mentioned spindle broaching mechanism, a nut is threadedly connected to the outside of the pull rod, and the rear end face of the rotating cylinder is pressed on the front end face of the nut, which is used to adjust the piston rod position to adjust the piston rod telescopic stroke, thereby adjusting the pull rod displacement limit to better adapt to different working conditions.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the spindle broaching mechanism has the following advantages:

[0018] 1. The cylinder body is fixedly connected to the main shaft, and the rear end of the piston rod is directly connected to the pull rod by using a rotating cylinder body, so that when working, the cylinder as a whole rotates with the main shaft to tighten the tool handle to ensure stable operation.

[0019] 2. The cylinder piston rod is directly connected to the pull rod through the rotating cylinder to control the extension and retraction of the pull rod. This not only omits the disc spring in the prior art, making the overall design simpler and more efficient and reducing the design difficulty, but also reduces the impact on the front end bearing of the spindle, prolongs the life of the bearing and the working stability, thereby improving the life of the spindle broaching mechanism. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the spindle broaching mechanism.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the spindle broaching mechanism.

[0022] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of center A.

[0023] In the figure, 1, casing; 2, main shaft; 2a, mounting cavity; 2b, air hole; 3, bearing; 4, tool handle; 5, pull rod; 5a, annular groove; 5b, through hole; 6, pull claw; 7, pull pin; 8, cylinder; 8a, cylinder body; 8b, piston rod; 9, rotary joint; 9a, rotating cylinder; 9a1, limit seat; 9b, fixed cylinder; 10, sealing ring; 11, nut. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings to further describe the technical solution of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0025] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the spindle broaching mechanism includes a housing 1 and a hollow spindle 2 which is horizontally rotatably arranged in the housing 1 . In actual products, both front and rear ends of the spindle 2 are rotatably supported on the housing 1 through bearings 3 .

[0026] Specifically,

[0027] A tool handle 4 is provided in the front end of the spindle 2, and the inner wall of the front end of the spindle 2 and the outer wall of the tool handle 4 are connected by a conical surface. A pull rod 5 is horizontally provided in the rear end of the spindle 2, and the pull rod 5 and the spindle 2 are coaxially arranged. The front end of the pull rod 5 is connected to the tool handle 4 through a pull claw mechanism. Among them, the pull claw mechanism is a prior art, including a coaxially arranged pull claw 6 and a pull nail 7, the front end of the pull nail 7 is screwed into the rear end of the tool handle 4, and the pull claw 6 includes a claw part that cooperates with the rear end of the pull nail 7 and a shaft part that is screwed into the front end of the pull rod 5.

[0028] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a cylinder 8 is horizontally provided on the rear side of the casing 1, and the cylinder 8 and the main shaft 2 are coaxially arranged. The cylinder 8 is an ordinary telescopic cylinder 8, which includes a cylinder body 8a and a piston rod 8b, and the front and rear ends of the piston rod 8b extend out of the cylinder body 8a. Among them, the cylinder body 8a is fixedly connected to the rear end of the main shaft 2; the piston rod 8b is hollow, and the rear end of the pull rod 5 passes through the piston rod 8b. A cylindrical rotary joint 9 is sleeved on the rear end of the pull rod 5 and is used to control the extension and retraction of the cylinder 8, and the rotary joint 9 is coaxially arranged with the pull rod 5. The rotary joint 9 is an existing product, and its structure and the connection method with the cylinder 8 are all existing, and will not be described in detail here. The rotary joint 9 includes a rotating cylinder 9a sleeved and fixed on the pull rod 5 and a fixed cylinder 9b sleeved outside the rotating cylinder 9a, and the rear end of the piston rod 8b is fixedly connected to the front end of the rotating cylinder 9a.

[0029] The cylinder body 8a is fixedly connected to the main shaft 2, and the rear end of the piston rod 8b is directly connected to the pull rod 5 by means of a rotating cylinder body 9a, so that during operation, the cylinder 8 as a whole rotates with the main shaft 2 to tighten the tool handle 4, thereby ensuring stable operation.

[0030] At the same time, the piston rod 8b of the cylinder 8 is directly connected to the pull rod 5 through the rotating cylinder 9a to control the extension and retraction of the pull rod 5. This not only omits the disc spring in the prior art, making the overall design simpler and more efficient and reducing the design difficulty, but also reduces the impact on the front end bearing 3 of the main shaft 2, extending the life and working stability of the bearing 3 there, thereby improving the life of the broaching mechanism of the main shaft 2.

[0031] In this embodiment,

[0032] The front end of the rotating cylinder 9a is screwed into the rear end of the piston rod 8b, and the rotating cylinder 9a is threadedly connected to the pull rod 5. In the actual product, the rear end of the rotating cylinder 9a is threadedly connected to the pull rod 5, which has the advantages of simple structure and convenient assembly. Further explanation, a ring-shaped limit seat 9a1 is coaxially formed on the outer wall of the rotating cylinder 9a, and the rear end face of the piston rod 8b is pressed against the front end face of the limit seat 9a1 to prevent the rotating joint 9 from moving forward alone, ensuring that the pull rod 5 always tightens the handle 4 during operation, and ensuring the stable operation of the broaching mechanism.

[0033] like Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the shaft and the pull rod 5 are both hollow; an annular groove 5a is provided on the outer wall at the rear end of the pull rod 5, which is coaxial with the pull rod 5, and a through hole 5b is penetrated on the bottom wall of the annular groove 5a to connect the annular groove 5a to the inner cavity of the pull rod 5, and an air passage is provided on the rotary joint 9 to connect the annular groove 5a to the outside; the inner cavity of the spindle 2 includes a mounting cavity 2a for accommodating the above-mentioned claw mechanism, and the inner hole at the front end of the shaft is connected to the mounting cavity 2a; an air hole 2b is axially penetrated on the front end surface of the spindle 2 to connect to the mounting cavity 2a. When in use, air is sent into the annular groove 5a through the air passage, and the air enters the mounting cavity 2a through the through hole 5b, the pull rod 5 and the shaft, and then the air is ejected outward through the air hole 2b, reducing the flow of cutting waste backwards and keeping the broaching mechanism clean. To further explain, the outer wall of the pull rod 5 forms a seal with the inner wall of the rotating cylinder 9a through the sealing ring 10, and the above-mentioned annular groove 5a is located between the sealing ring 10 and the connection position between the pull rod 5 and the rotating cylinder 9a, ensuring that the gas entering from the airway is completely discharged into the annular groove 5a, thereby improving the gas passing efficiency.

[0034] The sealing ring 10 is installed as follows: an annular positioning groove is provided on the outer wall of the rear end of the pull rod 5, the sealing ring 10 is arranged in the positioning groove, and the outer side surface of the sealing ring 10 contacts and seals with the inner side surface of the rotating cylinder 9a.

[0035] In the actual product, a nut 11 is screwed onto the outside of the pull rod 5, and the rear end face of the rotating cylinder 9a is pressed on the front end face of the nut 11, which is used to adjust the position of the piston rod 8b to adjust the telescopic stroke of the piston rod 8b, thereby adjusting the displacement limit of the pull rod 5 to better adapt to different working conditions.

[0036] The specific embodiments described herein are merely examples of the spirit of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or replace them in similar ways, but they will not deviate from the spirit of the present invention or exceed the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A spindle tool-drawing mechanism, comprising a housing (1) and a spindle (2) which is horizontally rotatably arranged in the housing (1) and is hollow, a cylinder (8) is horizontally arranged on the rear side of the housing (1), the cylinder (8) comprises a cylinder body (8a) and a piston rod (8b), and the front and rear ends of the piston rod (8b) both extend out of the cylinder body (8a), a tool handle (4) is arranged in the front end of the spindle (2) and the two are matched through a conical surface, a pull rod (5) is horizontally arranged in the rear end of the spindle (2), and the front end of the pull rod (5) is connected to the tool handle (4) through a pull claw mechanism, characterized in that: The cylinder body (8a) is fixedly connected to the rear end of the main shaft (2); the piston rod (8b) is hollow, and the rear end of the pull rod (5) passes through the piston rod (8b); a cylindrical rotating joint (9) is sleeved on the rear end of the pull rod (5) and is used to control the extension and retraction of the cylinder (8), and the rotating joint (9) and the pull rod (5) are coaxially arranged; the rotating joint (9) comprises a rotating cylinder (9a) sleeved and fixed on the pull rod (5) and a fixed cylinder (9b) sleeved outside the rotating cylinder (9a), and the rear end of the piston rod (8b) is fixedly connected to the front end of the rotating cylinder (9a).

2. The spindle broaching mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front end of the rotating cylinder (9a) is screwed into the rear end of the piston rod (8b).

3. The spindle broaching mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: An annular limiting seat (9a1) is coaxially formed on the outer side wall of the rotating cylinder (9a), and the rear end surface of the piston rod (8b) is pressed against the front end surface of the limiting seat (9a1).

4. The spindle broaching mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating cylinder (9a) is threadedly connected to the pull rod (5).

5. The spindle broaching mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pulling claw mechanism comprises a pulling claw (6) and a pulling nail (7) screwed into the rear end of the knife handle (4), wherein the rear end of the pulling nail (7) extends out of the knife handle (4), and the pulling claw (6) comprises a claw portion cooperating with the rear end of the pulling nail (7) and a shaft portion screwed into the front end of the pulling rod (5).

6. The spindle broaching mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: The shaft and the pull rod (5) are both hollow; an annular groove (5a) coaxially arranged with the pull rod (5) is provided on the outer wall at the rear end of the pull rod (5); a through hole (5b) is penetrated on the bottom wall of the annular groove (5a) so that the annular groove (5a) is connected to the inner cavity of the pull rod (5); an air passage is provided on the rotary joint (9) so that the annular groove (5a) is connected to the outside; the inner cavity of the main shaft (2) includes a mounting cavity (2a) for accommodating the above-mentioned claw mechanism, and the inner hole at the front end of the shaft is connected to the mounting cavity (2a); an air hole (2b) is axially penetrated on the front end surface of the main shaft (2) so as to be connected to the mounting cavity (2a).

7. The spindle broaching mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outer wall of the pull rod (5) forms a seal with the inner wall of the rotating cylinder (9a) through the sealing ring (10), and the annular groove (5a) is located between the sealing ring (10) and the connection position between the pull rod (5) and the rotating cylinder (9a).

8. The spindle broaching mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: A nut (11) is screwed onto the outside of the pull rod (5), and the rear end surface of the rotating cylinder (9a) is pressed against the front end surface of the nut (11).

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