Air leakage stoppage facility for gob-side entry protection

Abstract

The utility model relates to a gob-side entry protection air leakage stoppage facility, which relates to a coal mining facility technology, is arranged at the joint of a coal mining roadway and a goaf, and comprises a gangue heap which is positioned in the goaf, is close to the upper side of the coal mining roadway and is used for isolating the coal mining roadway from the goaf; the gangue pile is filled with joint filling grouting; the forming part is positioned on one side, close to the upper side of the coal mining roadway, of the gangue pile and is used for stacking the gangue to form the gangue pile; the first sealing guniting layer is positioned on one side, close to the upper side of the coal mining roadway, of the forming part; the second sealing guniting layer is positioned on a goaf top plate; the third sealing guniting layer is positioned on a goaf bottom plate and the upper side of a coal mining roadway; and the first sealing guniting layer, the second sealing guniting layer and the third sealing guniting layer are connected. The device is simple in facility and stable in structure, and guniting can achieve a good leaking stoppage effect on leaked air in the goaf.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a coal mining facility technology, in particular to an air leakage plugging facility along an empty tunnel. Background Art

[0002] The air-side tunnel protection is a way of utilizing tunnels in coal mining, that is, the machine tunnel in the previous mining area is used as the ventilation tunnel in the next mining area, which saves the workload of tunnel excavation and improves coal mining efficiency.

[0003] However, in this type of coal mining method, the gas in the goaf of the previous mining area cannot be discharged, causing gas accumulation and creating a safety hazard. Therefore, it is necessary to adopt a measure to close the previous goaf, isolate the goaf from the tunnel, and prevent the gas in the goaf from flowing into the tunnel.

[0004] The biggest problem with goaf-side tunnel protection is the serious deformation of the tunnel, gaps between the filling body and the gangue, wall cracks after mining, and voids between the walls and the roof, which cause toxic and harmful gases such as gas in the goaf to be brought into the return air tunnel.

[0005] Therefore, there is a need in the art for a facility for plugging air leakage along the air-protected tunnel that is easy to install, low in cost and effective. Utility Model Content

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a facility for plugging air leakage along the air-protected tunnel.

[0007] The utility model is arranged at the connection between the coal mining tunnel and the goaf, wherein the coal mining tunnel has a coal mining tunnel roof, a coal mining tunnel floor, a coal mining tunnel upper wall, and a coal mining tunnel lower wall; wherein the goaf has a goaf roof and a goaf floor; and includes:

[0008] A waste rock pile located in the goaf and close to the upper wall of the coal mining roadway, isolating the coal mining roadway from the goaf; the waste rock pile has grouting for caulking;

[0009] The part located on the side of the gangue pile close to the upper wall of the coal mining roadway and used to pile up the gangue to form the forming part of the gangue pile;

[0010] The first sealing shotcrete layer in the forming part close to the upper wall of the coal mining roadway;

[0011] The second sealing shotcrete layer is located at the top plate of the goaf, and the third sealing shotcrete layer is located at the bottom plate of the goaf and the upper wall of the coal mining tunnel; and the first sealing shotcrete layer, the second sealing shotcrete layer, and the third sealing shotcrete layer are connected.

[0012] As mentioned above, the air leakage plugging facility along the goaf protection lane, wherein: at least on the side of the formed part close to the upper wall of the coal mining lane, the goaf top plate, and the goaf bottom plate, there are attached parts for the spraying to adhere.

[0013] As mentioned above, the air leakage plugging facility along the air protection tunnel, wherein: the attachment part is an anchor net, specifically a wire mesh.

[0014] As mentioned above, the air leakage plugging facility along the goaf protection tunnel, wherein: the anchor net extends from the roof of the goaf area and covers the roof of the coal mining tunnel and the lower wall of the coal mining tunnel; a third sealing spraying layer is set on the upper edge of the upper wall of the coal mining tunnel, and the anchor net extends and covers the lower edge of the upper wall of the coal mining tunnel.

[0015] As mentioned above, the air leakage plugging facility along the air protection tunnel, wherein: a support for the anchor net is provided, specifically:

[0016] Three rows of anchor rods driven into the rock mass are arranged on the lower wall of the tunnel, including two rows of anchor rods in the middle of the lower wall of the tunnel and a row of anchor rods inclined downward at the connection between the lower wall of the tunnel and the tunnel floor;

[0017] Taking the bisector of the angle formed by the intersection of the tunnel roof and the tunnel upper wall as a virtual line, a row of anchor rods are driven into the rock body along the virtual line at the angle;

[0018] A row of anchor rods is driven into the rock mass at the junction of the goaf roof and the roadway roof in a direction perpendicular to the goaf roof;

[0019] A tray is fixed to the end of a part of the anchor rods extending from the rock mass, and the tray presses the anchor net against the surface of the rock mass; beams and columns are provided which are parallel to the top plate and the lower wall of the coal mining roadway respectively, and the ends of the other part of the anchor rods extending from the rock mass are pulled and connected to the beams and columns, and the beams and columns are fixed so that the beams and columns press the anchor net against the surface of the rock mass;

[0020] As for the air leakage plugging facility along the air protection lane mentioned above, wherein: the molding part comprises:

[0021] A support column is fixed between the top plate and the bottom plate of the goaf, the bottom end of each support column of the support column is inserted into the rock mass of the bottom plate of the goaf, and a row of anchor rods inclined toward the goaf are driven into the rock mass at the top of the support column, and the end of the anchor rod extending from the rock mass is fixed to the top of the support column;

[0022] The side of the pillar close to the goaf is the back of the pillar. A plurality of baffles for resisting gangue are arranged on the back of the pillar, and grouting joints for grouting operations are arranged between the baffles.

[0023] As described above, the air leakage plugging facility along the goaf protection lane, wherein: the molding part is further provided with a reinforcing column row, each reinforcing column in the reinforcing column row is parallel to the supporting column row, the bottom end of the reinforcing column is inserted into the rock body of the bottom plate of the goaf area, and an anchor rod is driven into the rock body at the top end of the reinforcing column, and the end of the anchor rod extending from the rock body is fixed to the top end of the reinforcing column;

[0024] A baffle is provided on the back of the reinforcement column;

[0025] A connecting block is provided between the top end of the reinforcing column and the top end of the supporting column, and between the bottom end of the reinforcing column and the bottom end of the supporting column;

[0026] The attachment piece is arranged on the opposite side of the back side of the reinforcement column.

[0027] As mentioned above, the air leakage plugging facility along the air protection tunnel, wherein: the pillars and reinforcing columns are either I-beams or square steels; the baffles are wooden boards.

[0028] Beneficial effects of the utility model:

[0029] The equipment of the present invention is simple and has a stable structure, and the grouting can achieve a good plugging effect on air leakage in the goaf.

[0030] The invention has low construction cost.

[0031] The utility model adopts supporting facilities such as I-beams, anchor cables and I-beams to block the gangue in the goaf, so that it cannot enter the tunnel; the supporting facilities are used to support the top and bottom, upper wall and bottom plate of the tunnel, and the goaf is filled with gangue by itself, and the top plate and upper and lower walls of the tunnel are fixed to prevent the tunnel from deformation caused by mining and prevent shotcrete cracks. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model.

[0033] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the waste rock pile and the forming part.

[0034] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of attachments, shotcrete layer, and beam-column structure.

[0035] Tag Name:

[0036] 1-coal mining tunnel; 2-goaf; 3-molding part; 3-1-pillar; 3-2-baffle; 3-3-reinforcement column;

[0037] 3-4-connecting block; 4-goaf roof; 5-goaf floor; 6-coal mining tunnel roof; 7-coal mining tunnel floor;

[0038] 8-upper wall of coal mining tunnel; 9-lower wall of coal mining tunnel; 10-anchor rod; 11-anchor cable; 12-caulking grouting; 13-waste pile; 14-anchor net; 15-shotcrete layer; 16-W-shaped steel belt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] refer to Figure 1-3: The utility model of the air leakage plugging facility along the goaf protection lane is arranged at the connection between the coal mining lane 1 and the goaf 2, wherein the coal mining lane 1 has a coal mining lane roof 6, a coal mining lane bottom 7, a coal mining lane upper wall 8, and a coal mining lane lower wall 9; wherein the goaf 2 has a goaf roof 4 and a goaf bottom 5.

[0040] A gangue pile 13 is located in the goaf 2 and close to the upper wall of the coal mining roadway, and isolates the coal mining roadway 1 from the goaf 2; the gangue pile 13 has a grouting 12 for filling.

[0041] The forming part 3 is located on the side of the gangue pile 13 close to the upper wall 8 of the coal mining roadway, and is used to accumulate the gangue to form the gangue pile 13. Since the coal seam is a steeply inclined coal seam, when the coal mining face is advanced, the goaf is formed to be a steeply inclined goaf, for example, the bottom plate of the goaf forms an inclined angle of 40 degrees with the horizontal plane. Therefore, when the gangue on the top plate of the goaf collapses naturally, it slides downward to a place near the coal mining roadway 1, and is blocked by the forming part 3 and accumulated there to form the gangue pile 13. The gangue pile 13 has the function of blocking the airflow in the goaf 2 on the one hand, preventing the airflow in the goaf 2 from entering the roadway to form air leakage, and another function is to support the top plate of the goaf 2 at the accumulation place, fix the top plate 4 of the goaf, and prevent deformation here, so as to ensure that no cracks are generated in the later stage of grouting in the adjacent area, thereby achieving successful plugging of air leakage.

[0042] Therefore, reference Figure 2 , the molding part 3 mainly includes:

[0043] (1) A support column row fixed between the goaf roof 4 and the goaf floor 5, the support column row is composed of a row of support columns 3-1 arranged along the direction of the tunnel, the interval between the support columns 3-1 is about 800mm, each support column 3-1 constituting the support column row is inserted from the bottom end into the rock mass of the goaf floor 5, and a row of anchor rods 10 inclined toward the goaf 2 are driven into the rock mass at the top of the support column 3-1, and the end of the anchor rod 10 extending from the rock mass is fixed to the top of the support column 3-1; specifically, the goaf floor 5 is hollowed into a 150mm deep hole, and the bottom end of the support column 3-1 is inserted into the deep hole; the upper end of the support column 3-1 is fixed with a 5.18m anchor cable 11 plus a 30kg steel rail.

[0044] (2) The side of the pillar 3-1 close to the goaf 2 is the back of the pillar 3-1. A plurality of baffles 3-2 for resisting gangue are arranged on the back of the pillar 3-1. The baffles 3-2 are wooden boards. The baffles 3-2 are used to resist gangue. Grouting seams for grouting operations are arranged between the baffles 3-2, or a hole is drilled on the baffle 3-2 as a grouting seam, so that the grouting pipe is extended into the gangue pile 13 behind the baffle 3-2 for grouting, and the grouting 12 is performed to fill the seams, so that the gangue pile 13 forms a whole, and the seams are reduced to prevent air leakage.

[0045] (3) A reinforcing column row is provided, and each reinforcing column in the reinforcing column row is 800mm apart. The reinforcing column row is parallel to the pillar row. The bottom end of the reinforcing column 3-3 is inserted into the rock body of the goaf floor 5, and an anchor rod 10 is driven into the rock body at the top of the reinforcing column. The end of the anchor rod 10 extending from the rock body is fixed to the top of the reinforcing column; the goaf floor 5 is dug into a 150mm deep hole, and the bottom end of the reinforcing column is inserted into the deep hole; the upper end of the pillar 3-1 is fixed with a 5.18m anchor cable 11 plus a 30kg I-beam. A baffle 3-2 is provided on the back of the reinforcing column. The main function of the reinforcing column and the baffle 3-2 on the back of the reinforcing column is to prevent the pillar 3-1 from becoming disabled, and to provide effective supplementary defense.

[0046] A connecting block 3-4 is provided between the top of the reinforcing column 3-3 and the top of the pillar 3-1, and between the bottom of the reinforcing column and the bottom of the pillar 3-1. The impact force on the pillar 3-1 when the gangue slides, and the pressure on the pillar 3-1 after the gangue accumulates, are transferred to the reinforcing column part through the connecting block 3-4, so that the reinforcing column and the pillar share the responsibility.

[0047] The pillars 3-1 and the reinforcing columns are both I-beams and square steels; the baffles 3-2 are wooden boards.

[0048] The support column 3-1 and the reinforcing column 3-3 described in this example are both I-beams. The distance between the reinforcing column and the edge of the upper wall 8 of the coal mining roadway is not less than 1000mm; the spacing between the support column and the reinforcing column is 300-500mm.

[0049] Requirements for I-beam support: (as a pillar and reinforcement column) the I-beam is perpendicular to the top and bottom plates and slightly upward by 5-8°; first use a pneumatic pick to step on the bottom of the I-beam, the depth should not be less than 150mm, and the I-beam must be hammered on the solid bottom; the upper end of the I-beam is tightened with a wooden spike, and the lower end is placed in the column socket to prevent the I-beam from slipping; the I-beams must be connected with wire mesh and wooden rafts, and then tied firmly with lead wire, and the backs must be close to the top; the I-beams must be tightly tied with Φ9.3mm oil wire rope; after the I-beam is supported, it must be tightened with oil wire rope, and then a layer of wind duct cloth, wire mesh, and baffle 3-2 should be laid on the back of the I-beam (2 sides of the goaf), and tied firmly.

[0050] The anchor net 14 as a shotcrete attachment is arranged on the opposite side of the back side of the reinforcement column, that is, the side close to the coal mining roadway. The anchor net 14 is fixed by hanging a net hook on the reinforcement column.

[0051] The shotcrete layer 15 includes: a first sealing shotcrete layer located at the molding part 3 near the upper wall 8 of the coal mining roadway; a second sealing shotcrete layer located at the top plate 4 of the goaf, and a third sealing shotcrete layer located at the bottom plate 5 of the goaf and the upper wall 8 of the coal mining roadway. The first sealing shotcrete layer 15, the second sealing shotcrete layer, and the third sealing shotcrete layer are connected to form a whole block, a large area of ​​shotcrete to prevent air leakage. The shotcrete is quick-drying cement shotcrete, and the maximum particle size of the aggregate in the shotcrete is φ20mm.

[0052] The attachment of the shotcrete layer 15 to the rock surface requires the use of an attachment member to achieve a better attachment effect. An anchor net 14 for the attachment of the shotcrete is provided on one side of the forming part 3 close to the upper wall 8 of the coal mining roadway, the goaf top plate 4, and the goaf bottom plate 5. The anchor net 14 is a steel wire mesh.

[0053] The anchor net 14 extends from the goaf roof 4 and covers the coal mining roadway roof 6 and the coal mining roadway lower wall 9; a third sealing shotcrete layer is set on the upper edge of the coal mining roadway upper wall 8, and the anchor net 14 extends and covers the lower edge of the coal mining roadway upper wall 8. One part of the anchor net 14 is used as a support facility to prevent roadway deformation (roadway deformation will cause shotcrete cracks and air leakage), and forms a three-dimensional support with the anchor rod 10, W-shaped steel belt 16, and I-beam; another part of the anchor net 14 is not only used as a support facility, but also as a shotcrete attachment.

[0054] A support for the anchor net 14 is provided, specifically:

[0055] Three rows of anchor rods 10 driven into the rock mass are arranged on the lower wall of the tunnel, including two rows of anchor rods 10 in the middle of the lower wall of the tunnel, and a row of anchor rods 10 inclined downward at the connection between the lower wall of the tunnel and the tunnel floor;

[0056] Taking the bisector of the angle formed by the intersection of the tunnel roof and the tunnel upper wall as the virtual line, a row of anchor rods 10 are driven into the rock body along the virtual line at the angle; a row of anchor rods 10 are driven into the rock body at a direction perpendicular to the goaf roof 4 at the intersection of the goaf roof 4 and the tunnel roof.

[0057] A part of the anchor rod 10 will extend from the rock mass, which is the tail end of the anchor rod 10, also called the extended end. A 100*100mm tray is fixed on the extended end, and the tray presses the anchor net 14 against the surface of the rock mass to stabilize the anchor net 14. Beams and columns are provided that are parallel to the top plate 6 and the lower wall 9 of the coal mining tunnel, respectively. The other part of the anchor rod 10 extending from the rock mass is pulled and connected to the beams and columns, and the beams and columns are fixed so that the beams and columns press the anchor net 14 against the surface of the rock mass; in this example, the beams and columns are W-shaped steel strips 16, which have a W-shaped cross section and a thickness of about 5mm.

[0058] In this example, the anchor rods 10 on the tunnel roof and goaf roof 4 include ordinary anchor rods 10 (hard, about 3000mm in length) and anchor cables 11 (soft, similar to steel hinge wire, φ17.8mm, 5180mm in length). The anchor rods 10 and anchor cables 11 are used in a cross-matching manner. The exposed length of the anchor cables 11 must meet the requirements (150mm-250mm). The tension of the anchor cables 11 reaches 120kN, and the anchor cables 11 must be tightened for the second time. Among them, the upper and lower sides of the tunnel use 2300mm anchor rods 10.

[0059] Selection of spraying equipment during spraying. In this example, a PYC6I rotor concrete spraying machine is used. The maximum production capacity of this spraying machine is 2-6m3 / h, the maximum conveying distance is 300m, the spraying is quick-drying cement spraying, and the maximum particle size of the aggregate in the spraying is φ20mm.

[0060] Under the condition of sealing gaps and voids, the thickness of the shotcrete shall not be less than 150mm, the compressive strength of the shotcrete material shall not be less than 15MPa, and the wet spraying method shall be used to ensure that there are no gaps.

[0061] Observations and effects:

[0062] In one mining area, the effects obtained by adopting this scheme are as follows, among which: in the appearance inspection, no collapse or caving was found in the coal mining tunnel 1, the coal mining tunnel subsidence was apparent after the coal mining face was mined for 500m, the maximum displacement of the top and bottom plates of the coal mining tunnel was 100mm, the minimum displacement was 14mm, the separation layer monitoring showed 0, the maximum displacement of the two sides of the tunnel (the upper side of the coal mining tunnel and the lower side of the coal mining tunnel) was 80mm, and the minimum displacement was 0. Reference Observation Record Table 1:

[0063] Table 1: Observation record

[0064]

[0065] Results: The maximum amount of coal mining roadway roof movement is 100mm, and the maximum amount of coal mining roadway upper wall and coal mining roadway lower wall movement is 80mm, which proves that the roadway protection effect is good. Through the good roadway protection effect, the roadway deformation caused by mining is prevented, and the shotcrete cracks are prevented. The shotcrete can achieve a good plugging effect on the air leakage in the goaf 2.

[0066] Compared with other previous technical solutions, the utility model increases the per capita output of a single face by 25%, the coal efficiency per ton by 31%, and the coal recovery rate by 25%, reaching the advanced level of the same type of working face. Through the method of this embodiment, the repeated construction of the working air lane of the coal mining tunnel 1 is reduced, and the air leakage of the working face is reduced.

Claims

1. Air leakage blocking facilities along the goaf are installed at the connection between the coal mining roadway and the goaf, where the coal mining roadway has a coal mining roadway roof, a coal mining roadway floor, a coal mining roadway upper wall, and a coal mining roadway lower wall; The goaf has a goaf top plate and a goaf bottom plate; the feature is that it includes: A waste rock pile located in the goaf and close to the upper wall of the coal mining roadway, isolating the coal mining roadway from the goaf; the waste rock pile has grouting for caulking; The part located on the side of the gangue pile close to the upper wall of the coal mining roadway and used to pile up the gangue to form the forming part of the gangue pile; The first sealing shotcrete layer in the forming part close to the upper wall of the coal mining roadway; The second sealing shotcrete layer is located at the top plate of the goaf, and the third sealing shotcrete layer is located at the bottom plate of the goaf and the upper wall of the coal mining tunnel; and the first sealing shotcrete layer, the second sealing shotcrete layer, and the third sealing shotcrete layer are connected.

2. The air leakage plugging facility along the air-protection tunnel according to claim 1 is characterized in that: At least one side of the forming part close to the upper wall of the coal mining tunnel, the top plate of the goaf and the bottom plate of the goaf are provided with attachment parts for the spraying to adhere to.

3. The air leakage plugging facility along the empty tunnel as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: The attachment is an anchor net, specifically a wire net.

4. The air leakage plugging facility along the empty tunnel as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: The anchor net extends from the goaf roof and covers the coal mining roadway roof and the lower wall of the coal mining roadway; a third sealing spraying layer is set on the upper edge of the upper wall of the coal mining roadway, and the anchor net extends and covers the lower edge of the upper wall of the coal mining roadway.

5. The air leakage blocking facility along the empty tunnel as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: A support for the anchor net is provided, specifically: Three rows of anchor rods driven into the rock mass are arranged on the lower wall of the tunnel, including two rows of anchor rods in the middle of the lower wall of the tunnel and a row of anchor rods inclined downward at the connection between the lower wall of the tunnel and the tunnel floor; Taking the bisector of the angle formed by the intersection of the tunnel roof and the tunnel upper wall as a virtual line, a row of anchor rods are driven into the rock body along the virtual line at the angle; A row of anchor rods is driven into the rock mass at the junction of the goaf roof and the roadway roof in a direction perpendicular to the goaf roof; A tray is fixed to the end of a part of the anchor rods extending from the rock mass, and the tray presses the anchor net against the rock mass surface; beams and columns are provided which are parallel to the roof and lower wall of the coal mining tunnel respectively, and the ends of the other part of the anchor rods extending from the rock mass are connected to the beams and columns, and the beams and columns are fixed so that the beams and columns press the anchor net against the rock mass surface.

6. The air leakage blocking facility along the empty tunnel as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: The molding part comprises: A support column is fixed between the top plate and the bottom plate of the goaf, the bottom end of each support column of the support column is inserted into the rock mass of the bottom plate of the goaf, and a row of anchor rods inclined toward the goaf are driven into the rock mass at the top of the support column, and the end of the anchor rod extending from the rock mass is fixed to the top of the support column; The side of the pillar close to the goaf is the back of the pillar. A plurality of baffles for resisting gangue are arranged on the back of the pillar, and grouting joints for grouting operations are arranged between the baffles.

7. The air leakage plugging facility along the empty tunnel as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that: The forming part is also provided with a reinforcing column row, each reinforcing column in the reinforcing column row is parallel to the supporting column row, the bottom end of the reinforcing column is inserted into the rock body of the bottom plate of the goaf, and an anchor rod is driven into the rock body at the top end of the reinforcing column, and the end of the anchor rod extending from the rock body is fixed to the top end of the reinforcing column; A baffle is provided on the back of the reinforcement column; A connecting block is provided between the top end of the reinforcing column and the top end of the supporting column, and between the bottom end of the reinforcing column and the bottom end of the supporting column; The attachment piece is arranged on the opposite side of the back side of the reinforcement column.

8. The air leakage blocking facility along the air-protection tunnel according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The pillars and reinforcing columns are both I-beams and square steels; the baffles are wooden boards.

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