Steering axle with adjustable wheel track and agricultural harvester

Abstract

The utility model discloses a wheel track-adjustable steering axle and an agricultural harvester, which comprise an axle body main beam, a telescopic axle body connected with the axle body main beam in a sliding manner and used for connecting wheels, a telescopic driving device used for driving the telescopic axle body to move in a reciprocating manner, and a steering angle adjusting device used for adjusting the steering angle of the wheels, the steering angle adjusting device comprises a sliding base arranged on the bridge body main beam in the length direction of the bridge body main beam, a sliding block arranged on the sliding base in a sliding mode, a limiting mechanism arranged on the sliding base and used for limiting the sliding stroke of the sliding block, and a telescopic mechanism arranged on the sliding block. The crank arm is used for connecting the telescopic mechanism and the telescopic bridge body, the steering driving mechanism is used for driving the wheels to steer, the wheel distance can be adjusted according to planting modes of different areas to meet the harvesting requirement, the stroke of the sliding block is limited, then the steering angle range of the wheels is limited, rollover of the harvester can be avoided, and therefore the personal safety of operators is guaranteed; damage of the harvester is avoided, and smooth harvesting is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural harvesters, in particular to a steering bridge with adjustable wheelbase. In addition, the utility model also relates to an agricultural harvester comprising the steering bridge with adjustable wheelbase. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development, popularization and application of agricultural machinery in my country, harvesters are widely used in agricultural harvesting. The steering bridge of the harvester plays the role of supporting, steering and providing power in the entire harvester. However, the existing steering bridge generally adopts a fixed wheelbase and cannot be adjusted according to the changes in the harvesting row spacing. This causes the harvester to only adapt to the harvesting operation of a single planting mode. For the planting mode in different regions, it is necessary to redevelop the steering bridge or use manual mechanical adjustment methods, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and increases costs; some steering bridges adopt an adjustable wheelbase solution, but they do not consider that after the wheelbase is reduced, the turning radius of the harvester will become smaller. During the harvesting process, the harvester inevitably needs to turn and turn around in the field. When the center of gravity height of the harvester remains unchanged or the center of gravity becomes higher due to the storage of some agricultural products, not limiting the steering angle of the wheels may cause the harvester to roll over, posing a risk to personal safety and equipment damage. Utility Model Content

[0003] The utility model provides a steering axle with adjustable wheelbase and an agricultural harvester, so as to solve the technical problems that the existing steering axle with fixed wheelbase has poor adaptability and the steering axle with adjustable wheelbase does not limit the steering angle of the wheels, which may cause the harvester to roll over, posing risks to personal safety and equipment damage.

[0004] According to one aspect of the utility model, a steering bridge with adjustable wheelbase is provided, comprising a bridge main beam, a telescopic bridge body slidably connected to the bridge main beam and used to connect wheels, a telescopic drive device for driving the telescopic bridge body to and fro, and a steering angle adjustment device for adjusting the steering angle of the wheels, wherein the steering angle adjustment device comprises a sliding seat arranged on the bridge main beam along the length direction of the bridge main beam, a slider slidably arranged on the sliding seat, a limiting mechanism arranged on the sliding seat for limiting the sliding stroke of the slider, a telescopic mechanism arranged on the slider, a crank arm for connecting the telescopic mechanism and the telescopic bridge body, and a steering drive mechanism for driving the wheels to steer.

[0005] Furthermore, the limiting mechanism includes a limiting block arranged on the sliding seat and a limiting screw screwed on the limiting block, and the limiting screw is arranged along the sliding direction of the sliding block.

[0006] Furthermore, the telescopic bridge body includes a telescopic bridge body slidably connected to the main beam of the bridge body, a hinge shaft arranged on the telescopic bridge body, a steering knuckle arranged on the hinge shaft, and a pull rod arranged on the hinge shaft or the steering knuckle. The first end of the steering drive mechanism is hinged to the main beam of the bridge body, and the second end of the steering drive mechanism is hinged to the pull rod to drive the steering knuckle to rotate. The two ends of the crank arm are respectively hinged to the telescopic mechanism and the hinge shaft.

[0007] Furthermore, a slide groove arranged along the telescopic direction is provided on the telescopic bridge body, and a slide platform adapted to the slide groove is provided on the main beam of the bridge body.

[0008] Furthermore, the telescopic bridge body is provided with a scale for displaying the telescopic amount thereof, and / or

[0009] The telescopic bridge body is provided with a distance sensor for detecting the telescopic amount thereof.

[0010] Furthermore, the main beam of the bridge body includes a main frame and a support plate arranged perpendicular to the moving direction of the telescopic bridge body, the support plate is embedded in the main frame, and a through hole is opened on the support plate for supporting the telescopic driving device.

[0011] Furthermore, the telescopic driving device includes a first lead screw rotatably arranged in the through hole, a first driving structure arranged in the middle position of the first lead screw, and first nuts threadedly connected to the first lead screw respectively arranged on both sides of the first driving structure, and the thread rotation directions of the two first nuts are opposite and they are respectively connected to the two telescopic bridge bodies.

[0012] Furthermore, a mounting seat is arranged on the slider, and the telescopic mechanism includes a second screw rotatably arranged on the mounting seat, a second driving structure arranged at the middle position of the second screw, and second nuts threadedly connected to the second screw respectively arranged on both sides of the second driving structure, and the threads of the two second nuts are arranged in opposite directions and are respectively hinged to the two crank arms.

[0013] Furthermore, the first driving structure and / or the second driving structure is a hexagonal adjustment block.

[0014] According to another aspect of the utility model, an agricultural harvester is also provided, which comprises the above-mentioned steering axle with adjustable wheelbase.

[0015] The utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] The utility model discloses a steering bridge with adjustable wheelbase, which drives the telescopic bridge bodies at both ends of the main beam of the bridge body to be telescopic and retractable synchronously through a telescopic driving device, and can adjust the wheelbase to meet the harvesting needs according to the planting patterns in different areas, so as to avoid the tires crushing the crops, expand the harvesting area of ​​the harvester, improve the adaptability of the agricultural harvester, and improve the market competitiveness of the harvester; when the steering driving mechanism drives the wheels on the telescopic bridge body to turn, the crank arm drives the limiting mechanism to slide along the slide seat at the same time, and the length of the sliding area on the slide seat can be adjusted by the limiting mechanism, so as to limit the stroke of the slide block, and then limit the steering angle range of the wheel, so as to avoid the harvester from rolling over, thereby ensuring the personal safety of the operator, avoiding damage to the harvester, and ensuring smooth harvesting.

[0017] In addition to the above-described purposes, features and advantages, the present invention has other purposes, features and advantages. The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The drawings constituting a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present invention. In the drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the steering bridge with adjustable wheelbase in the preferred embodiment of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of the main frame of the embodiment shown;

[0021] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a steering angle adjustment device of the illustrated embodiment;

[0022] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a support plate of the illustrated embodiment;

[0023] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a telescopic bridge body of the illustrated embodiment;

[0024] Figure 6 yes Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a telescopic bridge body of the illustrated embodiment;

[0025] Figure 7 yes Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a telescopic drive device of the illustrated embodiment;

[0026] Figure 8 yes Figure 1A schematic structural diagram of the telescopic mechanism of the illustrated embodiment;

[0027] Fig. 9 This is the second structural schematic diagram of the steering bridge with adjustable wheelbase in the preferred embodiment of the utility model;

[0028] Fig.10 yes Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of the main frame of the illustrated embodiment;

[0029] Fig.11 yes Fig. 9 A schematic structural diagram of a slide seat in the illustrated embodiment;

[0030] Fig.12 yes Fig. 9 A schematic structural diagram of a telescopic bridge body of the illustrated embodiment;

[0031] Fig.13 yes Fig. 9 A schematic structural diagram of a telescopic drive device of the illustrated embodiment;

[0032] Fig.14 yes Fig. 9 A schematic structural diagram of the telescopic mechanism of the illustrated embodiment.

[0033] Legend:

[0034] 1. Bridge body main beam; 11. Main frame; 12. Support plate; 121. Through hole; 13. Fixed seat; 2. Telescopic bridge body; 21. Telescopic bridge body; 211. Slide groove; 212. Scale; 213. Distance sensor; 22. Articulated shaft; 23. Steering knuckle; 24. Pull rod; 3. Telescopic drive device; 31. First lead screw; 32. First drive structure; 33. First hydraulic cylinder; 331. First connecting block; 332. Second connecting block; 4. Steering angle adjustment device; 41. Sliding seat; 42. Sliding block; 421. Mounting seat; 43. Limiting mechanism; 431. Limiting block; 432. Limiting screw; 44. Telescopic mechanism; 441. Second lead screw; 442. Second drive structure; 443. Second nut; 445. Second hydraulic cylinder; 446. Articulated seat; 45. Crank arm; 46. Steering drive mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in a variety of different ways as defined and covered below.

[0036] Please also read Figures 1 to 8As shown, the steering bridge with adjustable wheelbase of this embodiment includes a bridge body main beam 1, a telescopic bridge body 2 slidably connected to the bridge body main beam 1 and used to connect wheels, a telescopic driving device 3 for driving the telescopic bridge body 2 to move back and forth, and a steering angle adjusting device 4 for adjusting the steering angle of the wheels. The steering angle adjusting device 4 includes a sliding seat 41 arranged on the bridge body main beam 1 along the length direction of the bridge body main beam 1, a slider 42 slidably arranged on the sliding seat 41, a limiting mechanism 43 arranged on the sliding seat 41 for limiting the sliding stroke of the slider 42, a telescopic mechanism 44 arranged on the slider 42, a crank arm 45 for connecting the telescopic mechanism 44 and the telescopic bridge body 2, and a steering driving mechanism 46 for driving the steering of the wheels.

[0037] The steering bridge with adjustable wheelbase of this embodiment drives the telescopic bridge body 2 at both ends of the bridge body main beam 1 to telescope synchronously through the telescopic drive device 3, and can adjust the wheelbase according to the planting pattern of different regions to meet the harvesting needs, avoid tires crushing crops, expand the harvesting area of ​​the harvester, improve the adaptability of the agricultural harvester, and improve the market competitiveness of the harvester; when the steering drive mechanism 46 drives the wheels on the telescopic bridge body 2 to turn, the crank arm 45 simultaneously drives the limit mechanism 43 to slide along the slide 41, and the limit mechanism 43 can adjust the length of the slidable area on the slide 41, thereby limiting the stroke of the slider 42, and then limiting the steering angle range of the wheel, which can avoid the harvester from tipping over, thereby ensuring the personal safety of the operator, avoiding damage to the harvester, and ensuring smooth harvesting. Optionally, the steering drive mechanism 46 is a linear telescopic mechanism, such as a gear rack structure driven by a hydraulic cylinder, a cylinder or a motor.

[0038] In this embodiment, the limiting mechanism 43 includes a limiting block 431 arranged on the slide 41 and a limiting screw 432 screwed on the limiting block 431. The limiting screw 432 is arranged along the sliding direction of the slider 42. By rotating the limiting screw 432, the extension length of the limiting screw 432 toward the slider 42 can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the sliding stroke of the slider 42 on the slide 41, thereby limiting the steering angle of the wheel. It has a simple structure and is easy to operate.

[0039] like Figure 1As shown, in this embodiment, the steering drive mechanism 46 is one, and the telescopic bridge body 2 includes a telescopic bridge body 21 slidably connected to the bridge body main beam 1, a hinge shaft 22 arranged on the telescopic bridge body 21, a steering knuckle 23 arranged on the hinge shaft 22, and a pull rod 24 arranged on the hinge shaft 22 or the steering knuckle 23. The first end of the steering drive mechanism 46 is hinged to the bridge body main beam 1, and the second end of the steering drive mechanism 46 is hinged to the pull rod 24 to drive the hinge shaft 22 to rotate through the pull rod 24, and on the other hand, drive the steering knuckle 23 to rotate. The steering knuckle 23 on the right side of one side can be rotated. In another scheme, the rotation of the hinge shaft 22 can drive the slider 42 to slide along the slide seat 41 through the crank arm 25, thereby driving the steering knuckle 23 on the left side to rotate synchronously. Its structure is ingenious and can reduce the number of steering drive mechanisms 46, thereby reducing production costs. In addition, since only one steering drive mechanism 46 is arranged on the telescopic bridge body 21, the steering drive mechanism 46 has sufficient installation space, and a linear telescopic mechanism with a larger stroke can be selected, thereby increasing the adjustment range of the steering angle of the steering knuckle 23.

[0040] In this embodiment, a slide groove 211 is provided on the telescopic bridge body 21 and arranged along the telescopic direction thereof, and a slide table adapted to the slide groove 211 is arranged on the bridge body main beam 1 to improve the stability of the reciprocating movement of the telescopic bridge body 21. It is understandable that the slide groove 211 is provided on the bridge body main beam 1, and the slide table is arranged on the telescopic bridge body 21.

[0041] In this embodiment, a scale 212 for displaying the telescopic amount of the telescopic bridge body 21 is arranged on the telescopic bridge body 21. The operator can determine the telescopic amount of the telescopic bridge body 21 by observing the scale 212, thereby accurately adjusting the wheelbase. The structure is simple and the cost is low. Optionally, a distance sensor 213 for detecting the telescopic amount of the telescopic bridge body 21 is arranged on the telescopic bridge body 21. The distance sensor 213 can send the collected telescopic amount information of the telescopic bridge body 21 and display it on the display, which can avoid the error caused by manual reading.

[0042] In this embodiment, the main beam 1 of the bridge body includes a main frame 11 and a support plate 12 arranged perpendicular to the moving direction of the telescopic bridge body 2. The support plate 12 is embedded in the main frame 11. A through hole 121 for supporting the telescopic drive device 3 is opened on the support plate 12. The support plate 12 can improve the strength of the main frame 11. The telescopic drive device 3 is arranged inside the main frame 11. On the one hand, it can protect the telescopic drive device 3 from external force impact. On the other hand, the through hole 121 can provide good support for the telescopic drive device 3 to prevent the telescopic drive device 3 from swinging, thereby improving stability.

[0043] In this embodiment, the telescopic driving device 3 includes a first screw 31 rotatably arranged in the through hole 121, a first driving structure 32 arranged in the middle position of the first screw 31, and first nuts screwed to the first screw 31 respectively arranged on both sides of the first driving structure 32. The threads of the two first nuts are arranged in opposite directions and are respectively connected to the two telescopic bridge bodies 2. The first driving structure 32 drives the first screw 31 to rotate, so that the two first nuts move toward or away from each other, thereby realizing stepless adjustment of the wheelbase. It has a simple structure and low manufacturing cost.

[0044] In this embodiment, a mounting seat 421 is arranged on the slider 42, and the telescopic mechanism 44 includes a second lead screw 441 rotatably arranged on the mounting seat 421, a second driving structure 442 arranged at the middle position of the second lead screw 441, and second nuts 443 screwed to the second lead screw 441 respectively arranged on both sides of the second driving structure 442. The threads of the two second nuts 443 are arranged in opposite directions and are respectively hinged to the two crank arms 45. The second driving structure 442 drives the second lead screw 441 to rotate, so that the two second nuts 443 move toward or away from each other, thereby synchronously performing stepless adjustment on the angles of the two steering knuckles 23, thereby realizing the adjustment of the turning radius of the harvester. It has a simple structure and low manufacturing cost.

[0045] In this embodiment, the first drive structure 32 and the second drive structure 442 are hexagonal adjustment blocks, which are convenient for adjustment with a hexagonal wrench. Optionally, the first drive structure 32 and the second drive structure 442 are gears, and the first lead screw 31 and the second lead screw 441 can be driven to rotate by a motor, which has a high degree of automation and can reduce the labor intensity of operators in adjusting the wheel steering angle.

[0046] Please also read Figures 9 to 14 In this embodiment, the telescopic drive device 3 includes two first hydraulic cylinders 33, a fixed seat 13 is arranged on the main frame 11, and a third connecting seat 214 is arranged on the telescopic bridge body 21. The cylinder body of the first hydraulic cylinder 33 is connected to the fixed seat 13 through the first connecting block 331, and the telescopic rod of the first hydraulic cylinder 33 is connected to the third connecting seat 214 through the second connecting block 332. The telescopic mechanism 44 includes two second hydraulic cylinders 445, the cylinder body of the second hydraulic cylinder 445 is connected to the mounting seat 421, and the telescopic rod of the second hydraulic cylinder 445 is hinged to the crank arm 45 through the hinge seat 446. This embodiment has a high degree of automation, saves more time and effort, and can reduce the labor intensity of operators adjusting the wheelbase and wheel steering angle. It can be understood that the two first hydraulic cylinders 33 and / or the two second hydraulic cylinders 445 can also use bidirectional telescopic cylinders to achieve the same effect.

[0047] An agricultural harvester comprises the above-mentioned steering bridge with adjustable wheelbase.

[0048] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the utility model, and is not intended to limit the utility model. For those skilled in the art, the utility model can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A steering axle with adjustable wheelbase, characterized in that: The invention comprises a bridge body main beam (1), a telescopic bridge body (2) slidably connected to the bridge body main beam (1) and used for connecting wheels, a telescopic driving device (3) used for driving the telescopic bridge body (2) to reciprocate, and a steering angle adjusting device (4) used for adjusting the steering angle of the wheels. The steering angle adjustment device (4) comprises a sliding seat (41) arranged on the bridge body main beam (1) along the length direction of the bridge body main beam (1), a slider (42) slidably arranged on the sliding seat (41), a limiting mechanism (43) arranged on the sliding seat (41) for limiting the sliding stroke of the slider (42), a telescopic mechanism (44) arranged on the slider (42), a crank arm (45) for connecting the telescopic mechanism (44) and the telescopic bridge body (2), and a steering drive mechanism (46) for driving the steering of the wheels.

2. The steering axle with adjustable wheelbase according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting mechanism (43) comprises a limiting block (431) arranged on the sliding seat (41) and a limiting screw (432) screwed to the limiting block (431), and the limiting screw (432) is arranged along the sliding direction of the sliding block (42).

3. The steering axle with adjustable wheelbase according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The telescopic bridge body (2) includes a telescopic bridge body (21) slidably connected to the bridge body main beam (1), a hinge shaft (22) arranged on the telescopic bridge body (21), a steering knuckle (23) arranged on the hinge shaft (22), and a pull rod (24) arranged on the hinge shaft (22) or the steering knuckle (23); the first end of the steering drive mechanism (46) is hinged to the bridge body main beam (1), and the second end of the steering drive mechanism (46) is hinged to the pull rod (24) to drive the steering knuckle (23) to rotate; and the two ends of the crank arm (45) are respectively hinged to the telescopic mechanism (44) and the hinge shaft (22).

4. The steering axle with adjustable wheelbase according to claim 3, characterized in that: The telescopic bridge body (21) is provided with a slide groove (211) arranged along the telescopic direction thereof, and the bridge body main beam (1) is provided with a slide platform adapted to the slide groove (211).

5. The steering axle with adjustable wheelbase according to claim 3, characterized in that: The telescopic bridge body (21) is provided with a scale (212) for displaying the telescopic amount thereof, and / or The telescopic bridge body (21) is provided with a distance sensor (213) for detecting the telescopic amount thereof.

6. The steering axle with adjustable wheelbase according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bridge body main beam (1) comprises a main frame (11) and a support plate (12) arranged perpendicular to the moving direction of the telescopic bridge body (2); the support plate (12) is embedded in the main frame (11); and a through hole (121) for supporting the telescopic drive device (3) is provided on the support plate (12).

7. The steering axle with adjustable wheelbase according to claim 6, characterized in that: The telescopic driving device (3) comprises a first lead screw (31) rotatably arranged in the through hole (121), a first driving structure (32) arranged in the middle of the first lead screw (31), and first nuts respectively arranged on both sides of the first driving structure (32) and threadedly connected to the first lead screw. The threads of the two first nuts are arranged in opposite directions and are respectively connected to the two telescopic bridge bodies (2).

8. The steering axle with adjustable wheelbase according to claim 7, characterized in that: The slider (42) is provided with a mounting seat (421), the telescopic mechanism (44) comprises a second lead screw (441) rotatably arranged on the mounting seat (421), a second driving structure (442) arranged at a middle position of the second lead screw (441), and second nuts (443) respectively arranged on both sides of the second driving structure (442) and threadedly connected to the second lead screw (441), The threads of the two second nuts (443) are arranged in opposite directions and are respectively hinged to the two crank arms (45).

9. The steering axle with adjustable wheelbase according to claim 8, characterized in that: The first driving structure (32) and / or the second driving structure (442) is a hexagonal adjustment block.

10. An agricultural harvester, characterized in that: A steering axle with adjustable wheelbase comprising any one of claims 1 to 9.

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