Ultra-wideband antenna and electronic equipment

Abstract

The utility model provides an ultra wide band antenna, the ultra wide band antenna includes feed transmission line, ground plate, dielectric slab, radiation unit, ground plate, dielectric slab and radiation unit stack connection in proper order, feed transmission line is electrically connected with radiation unit, radiation unit includes patch antenna and via hole, and the patch antenna is electrically connected with the dielectric slab. The patch antenna is provided with the via holes, the feed transmission line is electrically connected with the patch antenna, the plurality of via holes are arranged at the edge position of the patch antenna, and the via holes penetrate through the dielectric plate and are communicated with the grounding plate. According to the patch antenna provided by the utility model, through adding the via hole, resonance which can be realized by half wave originally required can be realized with a smaller size under the condition that no slot is formed. Besides, miniaturization of the antenna area is realized, the polarization influence of the antenna is reduced, the radiation efficiency is increased, and the damage to the antenna gain is reduced, so that the positioning precision and distance are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to an ultra-wideband antenna and electronic equipment applying the ultra-wideband antenna. Background Art

[0002] Ultra-wideband technology is a wireless carrier communication technology. It does not use a sinusoidal carrier, but uses nanosecond non-sinusoidal narrow pulses to transmit data. Therefore, it occupies a wide spectrum range. Ultra-wideband technology has the advantages of low system complexity, low power spectrum density of transmitted signals, insensitivity to channel fading, low interception capability, and high positioning accuracy. It is especially suitable for high-speed wireless access in indoor multipath places with equal density. As a popular positioning technology, ultra-wideband technology is widely used in the fields of Internet of Things, vehicle-mounted and consumer electronics. Among them, consumer electronic products often use microstrip lines as ultra-wideband antennas. Microstrip antennas have a low profile height and can meet the stringent requirements of consumer electronic products for space. Generally, the antenna needs half a wavelength to resonate in the corresponding frequency band. In order to reduce the antenna area, slots are used to extend the current path to achieve miniaturization of the antenna area. Usually, these slots will introduce cross currents or reverse currents, and will also affect the polarization and radiation efficiency of the antenna and damage the antenna gain, thereby affecting the positioning accuracy and distance.

[0003] In view of this, it is necessary for the present invention to provide a novel ultra-wideband antenna and an electronic device using the antenna. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide an ultra-wideband antenna that can achieve the resonance that originally required half a wave in a smaller size without slots. In addition, not only the miniaturization of the antenna area is achieved, but also the influence of antenna polarization is reduced, the radiation efficiency is increased, and the damage to the antenna gain is reduced, thereby improving the positioning accuracy and distance.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides an ultra-wideband antenna, which includes a feeding transmission line, a ground plate, a dielectric plate, and a radiating unit. The ground plate, the dielectric plate, and the radiating unit are stacked and connected in sequence, the feeding transmission line is electrically connected to the radiating unit, the radiating unit includes a patch antenna and a via, the patch antenna is provided with the via, the feeding transmission line is electrically connected to the patch antenna, a plurality of the vias are arranged at the edge of the patch antenna, and the via passes through the dielectric plate and is connected to the ground plate.

[0006] As a further improvement of the present invention, the patch antenna is configured in a rectangular shape, and a plurality of the via holes are opened at positions close to the edges of the short sides of the patch antenna.

[0007] As a further improvement of the present invention, the patch antenna is configured as a rectangle, a portion of the via holes are opened near the short side of the patch antenna, and another portion of the via holes are opened near the long side of the patch antenna.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, the distance between the via hole and the edge of the patch antenna is W, the short side length of the patch antenna is L, and there is a net space between the via hole and the edge of the patch antenna, and the net space is used to fine-tune the antenna impedance.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, the feeding transmission line is configured as any one of FPC, PCB or coaxial line.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, a connection hole is provided on the radiation unit, and the connection hole is connected to the dielectric plate and the ground plate, and the feeding transmission line is electrically connected to the patch antenna through the connection hole.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, the connection hole is located at the central position of the patch antenna, and a plurality of the via holes are sequentially arranged at the edge positions of the patch antenna.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, one side of the patch antenna connected to the feeding transmission line is recessed to form an embedded connection port, the feeding transmission line extends into the connection port to be electrically connected to the patch antenna, and the feeding transmission line is attached to the dielectric board.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, the feeding transmission line is coupled to the radiating unit, and the feeding transmission line feeds the patch antenna through electromagnetic coupling.

[0014] The purpose of the utility model is to provide an electronic device to better apply the above ultra-wideband antenna.

[0015] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides an electronic device, wherein the electronic device comprises the aforementioned ultra-wideband antenna.

[0016] The utility model provides an ultra-wideband antenna, which includes a feed transmission line, a ground plate, a dielectric plate, and a radiation unit. The ground plate, the dielectric plate, and the radiation unit are stacked and connected in sequence. The feed transmission line is electrically connected to the radiation unit. The radiation unit includes a patch antenna and a via. The patch antenna is provided with the via. The feed transmission line is electrically connected to the patch antenna. A plurality of the vias are arranged at the edge of the patch antenna. The via passes through the dielectric plate and is connected to the ground plate. The utility model can achieve the resonance that originally required half a wave in a smaller size without slotting by adding the patch antenna with vias. In addition, not only the miniaturization of the antenna area is achieved, but also the polarization effect of the antenna is reduced, the radiation efficiency is increased, and the damage to the antenna gain is reduced, thereby improving the positioning accuracy and distance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of the ultra-wideband antenna of the utility model.

[0018] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the ultra-wideband antenna of the utility model.

[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of the ultra-wideband antenna of the utility model.

[0020] Figure 4 (a) is the frequency, radiation efficiency and gain diagram of the ultra-wide antenna of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 (b) is the frequency, radiation efficiency and gain diagram of the traditional antenna.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a current distribution diagram of the ultra-wideband antenna of the utility model.

[0023] Figure 6 Current distribution diagram generated for the ultra-wideband antenna formed by a conventional slotted patch antenna.

[0024] Figure 7 This is the radiation diagram of the ultra-wideband antenna of the utility model at 8 GHz.

[0025] Figure 8 Radiation pattern of a conventional slotted patch antenna at 8 GHz.

[0026] Fig. 9 It is a schematic structural diagram of the antenna array of the first embodiment formed by combining two ultra-wideband antennas of the utility model.

[0027] Fig.10This is a schematic structural diagram of the antenna array of the second embodiment formed by combining two ultra-wideband antennas of the utility model.

[0028] Fig.11 This is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna array according to a third embodiment of the utility model formed by combining three ultra-wideband antennas.

[0029] The descriptions of the reference numerals are as follows:

[0030] Patch antenna 1, dielectric board 2, feeding transmission line 3, via 4, connecting hole 5. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The ultra-wideband antenna and electronic device proposed by the utility model are further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the accompanying drawings are all in a very simplified form and use non-precise proportions, which are only used to conveniently and clearly assist in explaining the purpose of the embodiments of the utility model. In addition, the structure shown in the accompanying drawings is often a part of the actual structure. In particular, the emphasis of each accompanying drawing is different, and sometimes different proportions are used.

[0032] Ultra-wideband antenna technology is a technology based on large-bandwidth wireless transmission, which can achieve multiple functions such as high-speed data transmission, precise location and IoT applications. As a crucial component of the ultra-wideband system, the design and performance of the ultra-wideband antenna have an important impact on the overall performance of the system. The ultra-wideband antenna is an antenna that can work in the ultra-wideband frequency band. It can transmit a large amount of data and has the ability to transmit data through walls and obstacles. Therefore, it is widely used in wireless communications, radar systems and the Internet of Things. Unlike traditional narrowband antennas, ultra-wideband antennas have the following characteristics: wide bandwidth, strong anti-interference ability, and precise positioning ability. The design principles that generally need to be followed in designing ultra-wideband antennas include bandwidth matching, radiation efficiency, and multi-band coverage. As a popular positioning technology, ultra-wideband antennas are widely used in automotive or consumer electronics. Among them, consumer electronics products often use microstrip antennas as ultra-wideband antennas.

[0033] The microstrip antenna has a low profile height, which can meet the stringent space requirements of consumer electronic products. At the same time, the bottom of the microstrip antenna is generally paved with a complete ground, so there is good radiation directivity on the antenna side. At the same time, due to the isolation effect of the ground, the antenna is not easily affected by other objects on this side of the ground, which is conducive to integration in consumer electronic products. But at the same time, the patch antenna 1 usually requires half a wavelength to achieve resonance in the corresponding frequency band. The general patch antenna 1 has a large area. In order to reduce the area, some solutions use slots on the side of the antenna at half the wavelength, or U-shaped slots on the antenna body to extend the current path to achieve miniaturization of the antenna area. Usually these slots will introduce cross currents or reverse currents, and will also affect the polarization and radiation efficiency of the antenna and damage the antenna gain, thereby affecting the positioning accuracy and distance.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, the utility model provides an ultra-wideband antenna, which can be used in electronic devices, such as our commonly used mobile terminals, mobile phones, tablets or laptops, etc. The ultra-wideband antenna can be set on a metal shielding cover inside the electronic device. The ultra-wideband antenna includes a feed transmission line 3, a ground plate (not shown), a dielectric plate 2, and a radiation unit. The ground plate, the dielectric plate 2 and the radiation unit are stacked and connected in sequence. The feed transmission line 3 is electrically connected to the radiation unit. The radiation unit includes a patch antenna 1 and a via 4. The patch antenna 1 is provided with the via 4. The feed transmission line 3 is electrically connected to the patch antenna 1. A plurality of the vias 4 are arranged at the edge of the patch antenna 1. The vias 4 pass through the dielectric plate 2 and are connected to the ground plate.

[0035] With such arrangement, compared with the prior art, the utility model can achieve the resonance that originally required half a wave in a smaller size without slotting by adding the patch antenna 1 with vias 4. In addition, not only the miniaturization of the antenna area is achieved, but also the influence of antenna polarization is reduced and the radiation efficiency is increased, and the damage to antenna gain is reduced, thereby improving the positioning accuracy and distance. In other words, by opening vias on the patch antenna, cross currents or reverse currents are avoided, antenna polarization is reduced and antenna radiation efficiency is increased, antenna gain damage is reduced, and positioning accuracy and distance are effectively improved.

[0036] In one embodiment of the utility model, the patch antenna 1 is configured as a rectangle, and a plurality of the via holes 4 are opened at the edge of the short side of the patch antenna 1. Of course, the position where the via holes 4 are opened can also be other positions. For example, the patch antenna 1 is configured as a rectangle, a part of the via holes 4 are opened at the short side of the patch antenna 1, and another part of the via holes 4 are opened at the long side of the patch antenna 1. Of course, the via holes 4 can also be opened at the edge of the long side of the patch antenna 1. As long as the via holes 4 can be opened at the edge of the patch antenna, there are no excessive restrictions. For example, the patch antenna 1 can be set to be circular, fan-shaped or polygonal.

[0037] Furthermore, the distance between the via hole 4 and the edge of the patch antenna 1 is W, the short side length of the patch antenna 1 is L, and there is a clear space between the via hole 4 and the edge of the patch antenna 1, and the clear space is used to fine-tune the antenna impedance. In other words, the signal of the ultra-wideband antenna is input by a section of transmission line, and the feeding transmission line 3 can be in the form of PCB, FPC or coaxial line, that is, the feeding transmission line 3 is configured as any one of FPC, PCB or coaxial line. And the shape, structure and direction of entering the antenna can be changed accordingly according to the internal structure requirements of consumer electronic products. The feeding transmission line 3 can be connected to the patch antenna 1 from the bottom of the antenna through the connecting hole 5, and can also be connected to the ultra-wideband antenna with an embedded microstrip line, or energy can be transferred between the patch antenna 1 by electromagnetic coupling.

[0038] Furthermore, a connection hole 5 is provided on the radiation unit, and the connection hole 5 connects the dielectric plate 2 and the ground plate, and the feed transmission line 3 is electrically connected to the patch antenna 1 through the connection hole 5. The connection hole 5 is located at the central position of the patch antenna 1, so as to feed the strongest excitation to the patch antenna 1; a plurality of the vias 4 are sequentially arranged at the edge positions of the patch antenna 1. Of course, the connection hole 5 can also be set at other positions,

[0039] like Figure 2 As shown, in the second embodiment of the present invention, the side of the patch antenna 1 connected to the feeding transmission line 3 is recessed to form an embedded connection port, the feeding transmission line 3 extends into the connection port to be electrically connected to the patch antenna 1, and the feeding transmission line 3 is attached to the dielectric plate 2. Figure 3 As shown, in the third embodiment of the present utility model, the feeding transmission line 3 is coupled to the radiation unit, and the feeding transmission line 3 feeds the patch antenna 1 through electromagnetic coupling.

[0040] The ultra-wideband antenna is a patch antenna 1 with ground vias 4 arranged along the edge of the antenna or near the edge, and the size of the antenna can be reduced without slotting. The number and spacing of the vias 4 can be adjusted according to the energy, and the overall width does not have to be the same as the width of the edge, nor does it have to be the same spacing; reducing the number of ground vias 4 can further reduce the resonant frequency and reduce the size of the antenna. For example, with the same via spacing, the more vias there are, the higher the resonant frequency, and conversely, the fewer vias there are, the lower the resonant frequency; with the same number of vias, the larger the spacing between the vias, the higher the resonant frequency, and conversely, the smaller the spacing between the vias, the lower the resonant frequency. A single ground via 4 can significantly reduce the size of the antenna, but at the same time the antenna radiation performance will also be affected. The shape of the patch antenna 1 can be adjusted according to actual design requirements, and the vias 4 can be arranged at the corresponding edge or near the edge. The small part of the edge of the patch antenna 1 that exceeds the via 4 can be used to fine-tune the impedance and resonant frequency, that is, the net space between the via 4 and the edge of the patch antenna 1 can be used to fine-tune the antenna impedance and resonant frequency. Thus, compared with the traditional slotted ultra-wideband antenna, the utility model has a wider bandwidth, a smaller antenna size, higher radiation efficiency and gain, and better radiation characteristics. Compared with the prior art, the patch antenna 1 with the ground via 4 can achieve the resonance that originally required half the wavelength in a smaller size without slots; the ultra-wideband antenna formed by the via patch antenna added by the utility model has a current distribution as shown in FIG5. Figure 6 The current distribution diagram of the ultra-wideband antenna formed by the conventional slotted patch antenna is shown. From the current distribution diagram, it can be seen that the conventional slotted antenna obviously and easily generates reverse current or cross current. In one embodiment, Figure 7 and Figure 8 Under the same environment, the radiation pattern of the ultra-wideband antenna with ground vias of the utility model at 8GHz has an efficiency of -3.7dB and a gain of -0.5dBi; while the radiation pattern of the traditional ultra-wideband antenna with slots at 8GHz has an efficiency of -5.9dB and a gain of -2.1dBi.

[0041] That is to say, compared with the design of a small-size patch antenna 1 using slotting technology, the present invention has a higher cross-polarization ratio and higher radiation efficiency and gain due to the absence of reverse current or cross current, which can greatly improve the positioning accuracy and positioning distance of the ultra-wideband antenna. Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 (a) and Figure 4 (b) is a comparison diagram of antenna efficiency and gain results of the patch antenna 1 with a via 4 of the present invention and a traditional slotted microstrip antenna. It can be seen that the performance of the ultra-wideband antenna of the present invention is significantly improved.

[0042] The ultra-wideband antenna of the utility model can also be used as an ultra-wideband patch antenna unit, and multiple ultra-wideband patch antenna units can be combined to form an ultra-wideband antenna array. A single ultra-wideband patch antenna unit can realize the ranging function, and a combination of multiple ultra-wideband patch antenna units can realize the positioning function. For example Fig. 9 and 10 As shown, two ultra-wideband patch antenna units are arranged in combination. Fig. 9 The two long sides of the two ultra-wideband patch antenna units are arranged adjacent to each other, and a plurality of via holes are opened at the edge of their respective short sides, and the via holes are aligned; Fig.10 The two short sides of two ultra-wideband patch antenna units are arranged adjacent to each other. Fig.11 As shown, two ultra-wideband patch antennas are arranged in combination, so that accurate positioning can be achieved. Of course, according to actual needs, more than two antenna units can be set in the ultra-wideband antenna array. The more antenna units there are, the higher the positioning accuracy will be. There will be no excessive restrictions here.

[0043] In summary, the utility model provides an ultra-wideband antenna, which includes a feed transmission line 3, a ground plate, a dielectric plate 2, and a radiation unit. The ground plate, the dielectric plate 2, and the radiation unit are stacked and connected in sequence. The feed transmission line 3 is electrically connected to the radiation unit. The radiation unit includes a patch antenna 1 and a via 4. The patch antenna 1 is provided with the via 4. The feed transmission line 3 is electrically connected to the patch antenna 1. A plurality of the vias 4 are arranged at the edge of the patch antenna 1. The vias 4 pass through the dielectric plate 2 and are connected to the ground plate. The utility model can achieve the resonance that originally required half a wave in a smaller size without slotting by adding the patch antenna 1 with the via 4. In addition, not only the miniaturization of the antenna area is achieved, but also the polarization effect of the antenna is reduced, the radiation efficiency is increased, and the damage to the antenna gain is reduced, thereby improving the positioning accuracy and distance.

[0044] It should be noted that the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other. In addition, the different parts between the various embodiments can also be used in combination with each other, and the present utility model is not limited to this.

[0045] The above description is only a description of the preferred embodiment of the utility model, and is not any limitation on the scope of the utility model. Any changes and modifications made by ordinary technicians in the field of the utility model based on the above disclosure shall fall within the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. An ultra-wideband antenna, characterized in that: The ultra-wideband antenna includes a feeding transmission line, a ground plate, a dielectric plate, and a radiating unit. The ground plate, the dielectric plate, and the radiating unit are stacked and connected in sequence. The feeding transmission line is electrically connected to the radiating unit. The radiating unit includes a patch antenna and a via. The patch antenna is provided with the via. The feeding transmission line is electrically connected to the patch antenna. Several of the vias are arranged at the edge of the patch antenna. The vias pass through the dielectric plate and are connected to the ground plate.

2. The ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The patch antenna is configured in a rectangular shape, and a plurality of via holes are opened at positions close to the edges of the short sides of the patch antenna.

3. The ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The patch antenna is configured as a rectangle, a portion of the via holes are opened near the short side of the patch antenna, and another portion of the via holes are opened near the long side of the patch antenna.

4. The ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The distance between the via hole and the edge of the patch antenna is W, the length of the short side of the patch antenna is L, and there is a clear space between the via hole and the edge of the patch antenna, and the clear space is used to fine-tune the antenna impedance.

5. The ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding transmission line is configured as any one of FPC, PCB or coaxial line.

6. The ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radiation unit is provided with a connection hole, and the connection hole is connected to the dielectric plate and the ground plate, and the feeding transmission line is electrically connected to the patch antenna through the connection hole.

7. The ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that: The connection hole is located at the center of the patch antenna, and a plurality of via holes are sequentially arranged at the edge of the patch antenna.

8. The ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: A side of the patch antenna connected to the feeding transmission line is recessed to form an embedded connection port, the feeding transmission line extends into the connection port to be electrically connected to the patch antenna, and the feeding transmission line is attached to the dielectric board.

9. The ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding transmission line is coupled to the radiating unit, and the feeding transmission line feeds the patch antenna through electromagnetic coupling.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device comprises the ultra-wideband antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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