Artificial chamber surrounding rock and artificial chamber deformation monitoring system
By laying distributed sensor cables and fiber deformation monitoring equipment in the CAES system, the problem of low reliability of traditional sensors in high temperature and high pressure environments is solved, and all-round monitoring of the surrounding rock and internal structure of the chamber is realized, and monitoring accuracy is improved. and efficiency, reducing costs.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421201613.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-05-29
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-03
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-05-29
AI Technical Summary
Under long-term compression and air release circulation, artificial chambers in CAES systems are easily affected by ground stress changes, microcrack spreading, deterioration of sealing performance and local leakage, resulting in threats to structural safety. Traditional electrical sensors are in high-temperature and high-pressure environments. It has low reliability and high cost, making it difficult to achieve real-time and comprehensive monitoring.
Distributed sensor cables are arranged inside and on the surrounding rock of the chamber, including surrounding rock ring and parallel sensor cables, as well as chamber ring and parallel sensor cables, and series connection and monitoring are carried out through distributed fiber deformation monitoring equipment. Armored and tightly wrapped optical cables are used to compensate for temperature changes and realize axial and radial deformation monitoring of the interior and surface of the chamber.
It realizes all-round monitoring of the surrounding rock and internal structure of the chamber, improves monitoring accuracy and range, no blind spot monitoring, reduces costs, and supports unified monitoring of long distances and multiple chambers, improving monitoring efficiency and system stability.
Smart Images
Figure CN222298743U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical field:
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of optical fiber monitoring, in particular to a system for monitoring deformation of artificial chamber surrounding rocks and artificial chambers. Background technology:
[0002] As the world's reliance on renewable energy continues to increase, the power system faces the challenge of unstable supply and demand. Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES) is an energy storage technology that can store energy when there is excess power supply and release energy to balance the power grid when demand peaks. Therefore, ensuring the safe and stable operation of the CAES system is crucial to the reliability of the entire power system.
[0003] The artificial chambers used in CAES systems are often located underground or deep in the mountains, and their structural stability and safety are crucial to the long-term operation of the system. Under the long-term cycle of compressed and released air, the chambers may be affected by a variety of factors, such as changes in ground stress, microcrack expansion, deterioration of sealing performance, local leakage, etc., all of which may threaten the safety of the chambers.
[0004] In order to ensure the stable operation of the CAES system and the safety of personnel, the structural health of the chamber needs to be monitored in real time. The monitoring content includes but is not limited to the temperature, pressure, stress / strain, displacement, surrounding rock settlement and microseismic activity of the chamber. These monitoring data are crucial for early identification of potential problems, prevention of accidents, and formulation of effective maintenance strategies.
[0005] Because artificial chambers are located in a complex underground high-temperature and high-pressure environment, traditional electrical sensors have low reliability and are easily affected by the external environment. Moreover, they are all point sensors, and the cost of large-scale deployment is quite high. The long-term operation accuracy is easily affected and drift occurs. Utility model content:
[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a system for monitoring the surrounding rock and deformation of an artificial chamber. The utility model arranges distributed sensing optical cables inside the surrounding rock of the artificial chamber and on the surface of the chamber, which can not only monitor the deformation of the surface structure, but also monitor the deformation of the internal structure of the chamber.
[0007] The technical solution of the utility model is to provide an artificial chamber surrounding rock and artificial chamber deformation monitoring system, including sensor optical cables arranged inside the surrounding rock of the chamber and on the surface of the chamber, wherein the sensor optical cables inside the surrounding rock of the chamber include surrounding rock annular sensor optical cables arranged around the surrounding rock of the chamber and a plurality of surrounding rock parallel sensor optical cables arranged vertically along the surrounding rock of the chamber, and the sensor optical cables on the surface of the chamber include chamber annular sensor optical cables arranged around the surrounding rock of the chamber and a plurality of surrounding rock parallel sensor optical cables arranged vertically along the surrounding rock of the chamber. A dry chamber parallel sensing optical cable, one end of the surrounding rock annular sensing optical cable is connected in series with the surrounding rock parallel sensing optical cables connected in series in sequence, and the other end of the surrounding rock annular sensing optical cable extends outside the chamber, one end of the chamber annular sensing optical cable is connected with the chamber parallel sensing optical cables connected in series in sequence, and the other end of the chamber annular sensing optical cable extends outside the chamber, and also includes a distributed optical fiber deformation monitoring device, which is connected in series or in parallel with the surrounding rock annular sensing optical cable and the chamber annular sensing optical cable extending outside the chamber through a transmission optical cable.
[0008] Among them, the surrounding rock annular sensing optical cable is used to monitor the radial deformation of the surrounding rock, and the surrounding rock parallel sensing optical cable is used to monitor the axial deformation of the surrounding rock; the chamber annular sensing optical cable is used to monitor the radial deformation of the chamber, and the chamber parallel sensing optical cable is used to monitor the axial deformation of the chamber.
[0009] As a preference, the sensing optical cables inside the surrounding rock layer of the chamber are armored optical cables, that is, the surrounding rock annular sensing optical cables and the surrounding rock parallel sensing optical cables are armored optical cables, and the armored optical cables are equipped with temperature compensation optical fibers to compensate for temperature changes.
[0010] Preferably, the armored optical cable is fixed to the steel cage of the surrounding rock structure by binding, and is cast as a whole with the steel cage.
[0011] Preferably, the sensing optical cable on the surface of the chamber adopts a tight-buffered optical cable, which has its own temperature compensation optical fiber to compensate for temperature changes. That is, the chamber annular sensing optical cable and the chamber parallel sensing optical cable adopt a tight-buffered optical cable, which has its own temperature compensation optical fiber to compensate for temperature changes.
[0012] Preferably, there are multiple chambers, and the surrounding rock annular sensing optical cables extending outside the chamber and the chamber annular sensing optical cables are respectively connected in series or in parallel with the distributed optical fiber deformation monitoring equipment through transmission optical cables. In this way, one monitoring device can realize simultaneous monitoring of multiple chambers.
[0013] Preferably, the chamber parallel sensing optical cable is adhered to the chamber surface.
[0014] Preferably, the transmission optical cable is a multi-core armored transmission optical cable.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages after adopting the above scheme:
[0016] a. By laying distributed sensor optical cables inside the surrounding rock of the chamber, the deformation monitoring system can realize the axial and radial deformation monitoring of the surrounding rock of the chamber, and timely discover the abnormal situation of the internal structure. The monitoring range has no blind spots and high measurement accuracy;
[0017] b. By laying distributed sensor optical cables on the inner surface of the chamber, the deformation monitoring system can realize axial and radial deformation monitoring of the inner surface of the chamber, timely discover structural abnormalities, and have a wide monitoring range with high measurement accuracy;
[0018] c. The monitoring system has a long measurement distance and a large dynamic range, and can achieve long-distance monitoring of dozens of kilometers. In addition, multiple chambers can be connected in series and in parallel to form an integrated and unified monitoring system for the area, which greatly improves the monitoring efficiency and saves monitoring costs. Description of the drawings:
[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model;
[0020] In the figure, 1. Chamber; 2. Surrounding rock annular sensing optical cable; 3. Chamber annular sensing optical cable; 4. Distributed optical fiber deformation monitoring equipment; 5. Transmission optical cable. Specific implementation method:
[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
[0022] The utility model discloses a system for monitoring deformation of artificial chamber surrounding rock and artificial chamber, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes sensing optical cables arranged inside the surrounding rock of the chamber and on the surface of the chamber 1, wherein the sensing optical cables inside the surrounding rock of the chamber include a surrounding rock annular sensing optical cable 2 arranged circumferentially along the surrounding rock of the chamber and a plurality of surrounding rock parallel sensing optical cables (not shown) arranged vertically along the surrounding rock of the chamber, and the sensing optical cables on the surface of the chamber 1 include a chamber annular sensing optical cable 3 arranged horizontally along the circumferential direction of the chamber surface and a plurality of chamber parallel sensing optical cables (not shown) arranged vertically along the chamber surface, and also includes a distributed optical fiber deformation monitoring device 4, which is respectively connected to the surrounding rock annular sensing optical cable 2, the surrounding rock parallel sensing optical cable, the chamber annular sensing optical cable 3 and the chamber parallel sensing optical cable through a transmission optical cable 5.
[0023] Among them, the chamber annular sensing optical cable 3 is arranged in a spiral annular manner around the surface of the chamber 1; the surrounding rock annular sensing optical cable 2 is arranged in a spiral annular manner around the surrounding rock of the chamber. In this embodiment, the chamber annular sensing optical cable 3 and the surrounding rock annular sensing optical cable 2 are respectively arranged by one sensing optical cable, and there are multiple surrounding rock parallel sensing optical cables and chamber parallel sensing optical cables respectively, and the multiple surrounding rock parallel sensing optical cables are connected in series in sequence. Similarly, the multiple chamber parallel sensing optical cables are connected in series in sequence.
[0024] At the same time, one end of the surrounding rock annular sensing optical cable 2 is connected in series with the surrounding rock parallel sensing optical cables connected in series in sequence, and the other end of the surrounding rock annular sensing optical cable 2 is extended outside the cavern, one end of the chamber annular sensing optical cable 3 is connected with the chamber parallel sensing optical cables connected in series in sequence, and the other end of the chamber annular sensing optical cable 3 is extended outside the cavern, and the distributed optical fiber deformation monitoring equipment 4 is connected to the surrounding rock annular sensing optical cable and the chamber annular sensing optical cable extending outside the cavern through the transmission optical cable 5.
[0025] The surrounding rock annular sensing optical cable 2 is used to monitor the radial deformation of the surrounding rock, and the surrounding rock parallel sensing optical cable is used to monitor the axial deformation of the surrounding rock, that is, the lateral or longitudinal deformation of the surrounding rock; the chamber annular sensing optical cable 3 is used to monitor the radial deformation of the chamber, and the chamber parallel sensing optical cable is used to monitor the axial deformation of the chamber, that is, to monitor the lateral or longitudinal deformation of the chamber 1.
[0026] In this embodiment, the sensing optical cable inside the surrounding rock layer of the chamber adopts an armored optical cable, and the armored optical cable has its own temperature compensation optical fiber for compensating temperature changes.
[0027] In this embodiment, the sensing optical cable on the surface of the chamber adopts a tight-buffered optical cable, which has its own temperature compensation optical fiber for compensating temperature changes.
[0028] As a preferred method, the armored optical cable is fixed to the steel cage of the surrounding rock structure by binding, and is cast as a whole with the steel cage.
[0029] As a preferred embodiment, there are multiple chambers 1, and the sensing optical cables arranged on the surfaces of the multiple chambers 1 and inside the surrounding rocks are respectively connected to the distributed optical fiber deformation monitoring equipment 4 through transmission optical cables.
[0030] The above-mentioned deployment method of the artificial chamber surrounding rock and artificial chamber deformation monitoring system can be operated as follows:
[0031] Step 1: In the early stage of the chamber construction, in the surrounding rock layer, the sensor optical cables are laid out in different positions along the vertical direction of the chamber, and fixed by tying them on the steel cage, and then the sensor optical cables are laid out in a ring-shaped horizontal manner along the axial direction of the surrounding rock, and the sensor optical cables are laid out in a ring-shaped manner along the axial direction of the surrounding rock. When laying out the sensor optical cables, a margin is left, and they are connected in series and then led out of the chamber;
[0032] Step 2: In the middle stage of the chamber construction, the chamber parallel sensing optical cables are laid out at different positions along the vertical direction of the chamber on the surface of the chamber, and then the chamber annular sensing optical cables are laid out along the surface of the chamber in a circular horizontal direction, and fixed by pasting. When laying out the sensing optical cables, a margin is left, and the cables are connected in series and led out of the chamber;
[0033] Step 3: connect the surrounding rock parallel sensing optical cables, surrounding rock circumferential sensing optical cables, chamber parallel sensing optical cables, and chamber circumferential sensing optical cables of multiple chambers into a multi-core armored transmission optical cable by parallel connection, and then uniformly transmit them into the machine room;
[0034] Step 4: Encode and sort the different fiber cores of the transmission optical cable according to the chamber sequence structure, and uniformly connect them to the distributed optical fiber deformation monitoring device, which can realize multi-channel polling monitoring and online monitoring of each chamber. The distributed optical fiber deformation monitoring device is specifically a distributed optical fiber strain analyzer, such as Japan's nubrex7000.
[0035] The distributed optical fiber deformation monitoring equipment adopts the stimulated Brillouin scattering-based optical time domain analyzer (BOTDA), and its principle is: the pump light and the probe light (Stokes light) are injected into the sensing fiber from both ends of the optical fiber. When the frequency difference between the two lights falls within the Brillouin spectrum (near 10GHz), the Brillouin effect occurs in the optical fiber, and the energy is transferred from the pump light to the probe light, so that the probe light is gain. Because the pump light is pulse modulated, it is similar to the principle of time domain reflection. The time domain distribution of the probe light reflects the Brillouin gain of each point in the optical fiber. The pump light frequency is fixed, and the probe light frequency is scanned in the Brillouin spectrum to obtain the Brillouin gain spectrum of each point in the optical fiber. The frequency shift (Brillouin frequency shift) at the gain spectrum peak is proportional to the strain on the optical fiber, so the Brillouin frequency shift value at each point in the optical fiber is measured, and the strain on each point in the optical fiber can be obtained by the following formula:
[0036] Δf=C 11 ×Δε+C 12 ×ΔT
[0037] Where Δf is the change in Brillouin frequency shift, Δε is the change in strain, ΔT is the change in temperature, C 11 and C 12 They are the Brillouin frequency shift / strain coefficient and the frequency shift / temperature coefficient.
[0038] If the temperature change is known at the construction site, or a temperature optical cable is introduced, the temperature optical cable only measures the temperature change, not the strain change, while the strain optical cable can sense both strain and temperature changes. Then the frequency shift results obtained by the strain optical cable and the temperature optical cable are as follows:
[0039] Δf1=C 11 ×Δε1+C 12 ×ΔT
[0040] Δf2=C 22 ×ΔT
[0041] By combining the two, we can get the strain change of the structure:
[0042]
[0043] Distributed fiber optic sensing testing technology has long measurement distance, high spatial resolution and high measurement accuracy. It is used in structural health monitoring in railways, tunnels, bridges and other fields due to its advantages such as distributed measurement, no need for on-site power supply, small size, corrosion resistance and easy implantation.
[0044] The utility model arranges distributed sensing optical cables inside the surrounding rock of the chamber, so that the deformation monitoring system can monitor the axial and radial deformation of the surrounding rock of the chamber, timely discover abnormal internal structures, and have no blind spots in the monitoring range with high measurement accuracy. The utility model arranges distributed sensing optical cables on the inner surface of the chamber, so that the deformation monitoring system can monitor the axial and radial deformation of the inner surface of the chamber, timely discover abnormal structures, and have no blind spots in the monitoring range with high measurement accuracy. The monitoring system has a long measurement distance and a large dynamic range, and can realize long-distance monitoring of dozens of kilometers. Moreover, multiple chambers can be connected in series and in parallel to form an integrated and unified monitoring system for a certain area, which greatly improves the monitoring efficiency and saves the monitoring cost.
[0045] The above is only an explanation of the preferred embodiments of the utility model, which cannot be understood as a limitation of the claims. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process changes made using the utility model specification are included in the patent protection scope of the utility model.
Claims
1. A system for monitoring deformation of surrounding rock and artificial chamber, characterized in that: The invention comprises a sensing optical cable arranged inside the surrounding rock of the chamber and on the surface of the chamber, wherein the sensing optical cable inside the surrounding rock of the chamber comprises a surrounding rock annular sensing optical cable arranged around the surrounding rock of the chamber and a plurality of surrounding rock parallel sensing optical cables arranged vertically along the surrounding rock of the chamber, and the sensing optical cable on the surface of the chamber comprises a chamber annular sensing optical cable arranged around the surrounding rock of the chamber and a plurality of chamber parallel sensing optical cables arranged vertically along the surrounding rock of the chamber, and the surrounding rock annular sensing optical cable is arranged along the surrounding rock of the chamber. One end is connected in series with the surrounding rock parallel sensing optical cables connected in series, and the other end of the surrounding rock annular sensing optical cable extends outside the cavern. One end of the cavern chamber annular sensing optical cable is connected to the cavern chamber parallel sensing optical cables connected in series, and the other end of the cavern chamber annular sensing optical cable extends outside the cavern. It also includes a distributed optical fiber deformation monitoring device, which is connected in series or in parallel with the surrounding rock annular sensing optical cable and the cavern chamber annular sensing optical cable extending outside the cavern through a transmission optical cable.
2. The artificial chamber surrounding rock and artificial chamber deformation monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surrounding rock annular sensing optical cable and the surrounding rock parallel sensing optical cable adopt armored optical cable, and the armored optical cable is equipped with temperature compensation optical fiber to compensate for temperature changes.
3. The artificial chamber surrounding rock and artificial chamber deformation monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The armored optical cable is fixed to the steel cage of the surrounding rock structure by binding and is cast as a whole with the steel cage.
4. The artificial chamber surrounding rock and artificial chamber deformation monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chamber annular sensing optical cable and the chamber parallel sensing optical cable adopt tight-buffered optical cable, which has its own temperature compensation optical fiber to compensate for temperature changes.
5. The artificial chamber surrounding rock and artificial chamber deformation monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are multiple chambers, and surrounding rock annular sensing optical cables extending outside the chambers and chamber annular sensing optical cables are connected in series or in parallel with distributed optical fiber deformation monitoring equipment through transmission optical cables.
6. The artificial chamber surrounding rock and artificial chamber deformation monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chamber parallel sensing optical cable is pasted on the chamber surface.
7. The artificial chamber surrounding rock and artificial chamber deformation monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission optical cable is a multi-core armored transmission optical cable.