Device for preparing hydrogen by using organic agricultural waste

Abstract

The utility model relates to a device for preparing hydrogen by using organic agricultural waste. The device comprises a fermentation assembly and a hydrogen production cabin, the fermentation assembly comprises a fermentation cabin, a control cabin, a temperature control system and a PH adjusting system, an agricultural waste inlet is formed in the top of the fermentation cabin, a filtrate plate is arranged at the bottom of the fermentation cabin, a liquid outlet is formed below the filtrate plate, and a solid waste discharge mechanism is arranged above the filtrate plate; the temperature control system comprises heat conduction pipes, a controller and an air supply mechanism, the heat conduction pipes horizontally penetrate through the fermentation cabin, the controller and the air supply mechanism are arranged in the control cabin, the temperature sensor and the air supply mechanism are electrically connected with the controller, and the air supply mechanism is connected with the heat conduction pipes through air supply pipes; a liquid inlet and an exhaust port are formed in the top of the hydrogen production cabin, the liquid inlet is connected with the liquid outlet, a plurality of layers of catalyst filler plates are arranged in the hydrogen production cabin, and a waste liquid outlet is formed in the bottom of the hydrogen production cabin. According to the device, the organic agricultural waste can be used as a raw material to prepare hydrogen, and the resource utilization effect of the organic agricultural waste is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of organic agricultural waste treatment, in particular to a device for preparing hydrogen by utilizing organic agricultural waste. Background Art

[0002] In the process of agricultural planting and breeding, a large amount of organic agricultural waste such as livestock manure, straw, exhaust gas, vegetables, fruits, etc. is generated. The current treatment methods for these organic agricultural wastes are: returning to the field, composting, anaerobic treatment, pyrolysis, feed, etc. Among them, returning to the field is only suitable for individual households and small farms due to the relatively small per capita arable land and insufficient land carrying capacity. The main resource utilization technologies are aerobic composting and anaerobic treatment. Aerobic composting technology uses microorganisms and high-temperature fermentation to kill pathogens to the greatest extent, making the manure harmless and turning it into decomposed fertilizer, while aerobic composting often releases a large amount of greenhouse gases. Simple anaerobic digestion uses anaerobic microorganisms to degrade organic matter in livestock and poultry manure to a limited extent, which cannot well reflect the purpose of high-value utilization of agricultural organic waste resources, let alone help achieve the long-term goals of carbon peak and carbon neutrality. As for organic agricultural waste such as straw, the most common disposal method for farmers is to burn it into ash, and such a rough disposal method will bring secondary pollution such as air pollution.

[0003] Among the new energy sources currently being developed, hydrogen has the characteristics of high energy density, high calorific value, and the only combustion product is water, and is considered to be a clean energy with broad application prospects. However, hydrogen is mainly extracted from fossil fuels, and the proportion of hydrogen extracted from clean energy is very small, and the efficiency of hydrogen production is very low.

[0004] With the continuous increase in the scale and demand of governance, the comprehensive utilization of solid waste is moving from "low efficiency, low value, and decentralized utilization" to "high efficiency, high value, and large-scale utilization". How to organically link agricultural organic waste with high-value utilization and realize comprehensive resource utilization is an issue that needs attention at present. In the context of carbon peak and carbon neutrality, hydrogen energy, as a clean energy, has broad application prospects, and the by-products of agricultural organic waste digestion and fermentation have considerable advantages as hydrogen storage materials.

[0005] So far, there has been no research and development on the high-value conversion of organic agricultural waste into green hydrogen energy equipment. Therefore, realizing chemical hydrogen production from agricultural organic waste is the future development trend of agricultural organic waste resource utilization and green hydrogen energy. Utility Model Content

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a device for preparing hydrogen by using organic agricultural waste, which can prepare hydrogen by using organic agricultural waste as raw material and improve the resource utilization effect of organic agricultural waste.

[0007] In order to solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: a device for preparing hydrogen using organic agricultural waste, including a fermentation component and a hydrogen production cabin;

[0008] The fermentation assembly includes a fermentation chamber, a control chamber, a temperature control system and a pH adjustment system. The top of the fermentation chamber is provided with an agricultural waste inlet, the bottom is provided with a filtrate plate, a liquid storage bin is provided below the filtrate plate, a liquid discharge port is provided at the bottom of the liquid storage bin, and a solid waste discharge mechanism is provided above the filtrate plate; the temperature control system includes a heat pipe, a controller and an air supply mechanism, the heat pipe horizontally passes through the fermentation chamber, a temperature sensor is provided on the outer wall of the heat pipe, the controller and the air supply mechanism are arranged in the control chamber, and the temperature sensor and the air supply mechanism are electrically connected to the controller, and the air supply mechanism is connected to each heat pipe through the air supply pipe;

[0009] The top of the hydrogen production cabin is provided with a liquid inlet and an exhaust port, the liquid inlet is connected to the liquid outlet, a multi-layer catalyst filling plate is arranged inside the hydrogen production cabin, and a waste liquid outlet is arranged at the bottom of the hydrogen production cabin.

[0010] Furthermore, an arc-shaped drip filter cover is arranged above the catalyst filler plate, and the center of the drip filter cover protrudes upward.

[0011] Furthermore, the liquid inlet is lower than the liquid outlet, and the liquid inlet is connected to the liquid outlet via a U-shaped connecting pipe.

[0012] Furthermore, the pH adjustment system includes a pH sensor, an acid storage container and a spray head, the pH sensor is arranged in the fermentation cabin and electrically connected to the controller, the acid storage container is arranged in the control cabin, the spray head is arranged at the top of the fermentation cabin cavity, and the spray head is connected to the acid storage container through a delivery pump.

[0013] Furthermore, the air supply mechanism includes a fan and a heater, and the fan and the heater are connected in series.

[0014] Furthermore, the solid waste discharge mechanism is a slurry pump.

[0015] Furthermore, the fermentation component and the hydrogen production cabin are integrated on the same base.

[0016] Furthermore, one end of the heat conduction pipe is connected to the air supply pipe, and the other end is provided with an exhaust pipe and a circulation pipe. The circulation pipe is connected to the air supply mechanism, and valves are provided on the exhaust pipe and the circulation pipe.

[0017] Furthermore, the side wall of the liquid storage bin is inclined.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: the utility model uses a fermentation component to ferment organic agricultural waste. Specifically, organic agricultural waste such as straw, livestock and poultry manure, fruits and vegetables are put into a fermentation chamber after pre-treatment such as screening, crushing, and disinfection. The temperature in the fermentation chamber is controlled at about 37°C by a temperature control system, and the pH adjustment system controls the pH in the fermentation chamber to about 6.8-7.2. During the fermentation process, organic agricultural waste produces saturated fatty acids mainly composed of formic acid. Formic acid is regarded as an important chemical hydrogen storage material because of its advantages such as non-toxicity, easy storage, and simple operation. Formic acid is discharged from the drain port and enters the hydrogen production chamber. Under the action of the catalyst, formic acid is decomposed into hydrogen, and hydrogen is discharged from the exhaust port. It can be seen that the utility model can use organic agricultural waste as raw material to prepare hydrogen, thereby improving the resource utilization effect of organic agricultural waste. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a main schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0020] Figure numerals: 1—fermentation chamber; 2—control chamber; 3—agricultural waste inlet; 4—filtrate plate; 5—drainage port; 6—liquid storage bin; 7—heat transfer pipe; 8—temperature sensor; 9—controller; 10—fan; 11—PH sensor; 12—acid storage container; 13—sprinkler head; 14—delivery pump; 15—heater; 16—slurry pump; 17—base; 18—drain pipe; 19—circulation pipe; 20—hydrogen production chamber; 21—liquid inlet; 22—exhaust port; 23—catalyst packing plate; 24—drip filter cover; 25—connecting pipe; 26—waste liquid discharge port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The utility model is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0022] The device for preparing hydrogen from organic agricultural waste of the utility model is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, it includes a fermentation component and a hydrogen production cabin 20;

[0023] The fermentation assembly includes a fermentation chamber 1, a control chamber 2, a temperature control system and a pH adjustment system. The top of the fermentation chamber 1 is provided with an agricultural waste inlet 3, the bottom is provided with a filtrate plate 4, a liquid storage bin 6 is provided below the filtrate plate 4, a drain port 5 is provided at the bottom of the liquid storage bin 6, and a solid waste discharge mechanism is provided above the filtrate plate 4; the temperature control system includes a heat pipe 7, a controller 9 and an air supply mechanism. The heat pipe 7 horizontally penetrates the fermentation chamber 1, and a temperature sensor 8 is provided on the outer wall of the heat pipe 7. The controller 9 and the air supply mechanism are arranged in the control chamber 2, and the temperature sensor 8 and the air supply mechanism are electrically connected to the controller 9, and the air supply mechanism is connected to each heat pipe 7 through an air supply pipe.

[0024] The fermentation chamber 1 is used for fermentation treatment of organic agricultural waste, and can adopt a cylindrical structure. The control chamber 2 is used to install other auxiliary equipment. The fermentation chamber 1 and the control chamber 2 can be made of corrosion-resistant metal materials or masonry concrete materials. A fermentation chamber is arranged inside the fermentation chamber 1, and the agricultural waste inlet 3 is connected to the fermentation chamber, which is used to put the organic agricultural waste into the fermentation chamber. The filtrate plate 4 is arranged at the bottom of the fermentation chamber, which is used to filter the produced liquid and prevent solid impurities from entering the liquid storage bin 6. The filtrate plate 4 can adopt a corrosion-resistant metal plate, and a plurality of fine filter holes are arranged on the metal plate. The liquid storage bin 6 is used to collect the liquid produced by the fermentation of organic agricultural waste. After the liquid enters the liquid storage bin 6, it can be discharged from the drain port 5.

[0025] The temperature control system is used to control the temperature in the fermentation chamber 1, and the pH adjustment system is used to adjust the pH in the fermentation chamber 1. The organic agricultural waste needs to be at a certain temperature and pH value to produce saturated fatty acids such as formic acid. Specifically, the temperature in the fermentation chamber 1 needs to be controlled at about 37°C, and the pH in the fermentation chamber 1 needs to be controlled at about 6.8-7.2. Since hydrogen ions need to be consumed in the process of producing saturated fatty acids, the pH adjustment system mainly supplements acid solution to promote the generation of saturated fatty acids.

[0026] The traditional thermostatic control system generally adjusts the air temperature in the fermentation chamber 1. However, during the fermentation of organic agricultural waste, the organic matter decomposes and releases heat, making the temperature inside the fermentation pile higher than the surface temperature. The traditional thermostatic control system can only control the surface temperature of the fermentation pile, but cannot adjust the temperature inside the fermentation pile. In order to keep the internal temperature of the fermentation pile at about 37°C, the utility model sets a plurality of heat pipes 7 in the fermentation chamber 1. After the organic agricultural waste is added to the fermentation chamber 1, the heat pipes 7 are buried in the fermentation pile. The temperature sensor 8 on the surface of the heat pipe 7 can detect the temperature inside the fermentation pile and transmit the detection signal to the controller 9. When the temperature inside the fermentation pile is too high, the controller 9 controls the air supply mechanism to operate, and the air supply mechanism drives the normal temperature air to enter the heat pipe 7 and circulate in the heat pipe 7. The normal temperature air will take away the heat of the fermentation pile until the temperature drops to about 37°C. When the temperature inside the fermentation pile is too low, the controller 9 controls the air supply mechanism to operate, and the air supply mechanism heats the room temperature air to hot air at 40 to 45°C and then transports it to the heat pipe 7. The heat of the hot air is transferred to the inside of the fermentation pile through the heat pipe 7, thereby increasing the temperature inside the fermentation pile. The temperature sensor 8 and the controller 9 can adopt existing conventional technologies. The utility model can adjust the temperature inside the fermentation pile and promote the production of saturated fatty acids such as formic acid.

[0027] The pH adjustment system specifically includes a pH sensor 11, an acid storage container 12 and a spray head 13. The pH sensor 11 is arranged in the fermentation cabin 1 and is electrically connected to the controller 9. The acid storage container 12 is arranged in the control cabin 2. The spray head 13 is arranged at the top of the inner cavity of the fermentation cabin 1, and the spray head 13 is connected to the acid storage container 12 through a delivery pump 14. Multiple spray heads 13 can be arranged and evenly distributed, and the acid solution can be evenly sprayed on the surface of the fermentation pile. The acid storage container 12 can be an acid-resistant container such as a tank body, a box body, a box body, a barrel body, etc., for storing the acid solution, and the acid solution can be dilute hydrochloric acid. The pH sensor 11 can be installed on the inner wall of the fermentation cabin 1, for detecting the pH of the fermentation pile and transmitting the detection signal to the controller 9. When the pH rises to a certain value, the controller 9 controls the delivery pump 14 to run, and the delivery pump 14 delivers the acid solution in the acid storage container 12 to the spray head 13. The spray head 13 is located above the fermentation pile and can spray the acid solution onto the fermentation pile.

[0028] In the utility model, the air supply mechanism includes a fan 10 and a heater 15, which are connected in series. The heater 15 can be a conventional electric heater, such as a heating rod, a heating wire, etc. When cold air is required, the fan 10 is operated and the heater 15 is not powered; when hot air is required, the fan 10 is operated and the heater 15 is powered to heat the air.

[0029] In the utility model, the solid waste discharge mechanism is a slurry pump 16 . The organic solid waste after fermentation has a high water content and can be discharged through the slurry pump 16 .

[0030] The side wall of the liquid storage bin 6 is inclined, the upper end of the liquid storage bin 6 is large, and the lower end is small, which is conducive to the generated saturated fatty acids to gather at the bottom of the liquid storage bin 6 and be discharged in time.

[0031] When the air supply mechanism provides hot air, in order to reduce heat waste, the air passing through the heat pipe 7 can be recycled. Specifically, one end of the heat pipe 7 is connected to the air supply pipe, and the other end is provided with an exhaust pipe 18 and a circulation pipe 19. The circulation pipe 19 is connected to the air supply mechanism, and valves are provided on the exhaust pipe 18 and the circulation pipe 19. When the air supply mechanism provides cold air to the heat pipe 7, the valve on the circulation pipe 19 is closed, and the valve on the exhaust pipe 18 is opened, and the cold air is directly discharged from the exhaust pipe 18; when the air supply mechanism provides hot air to the heat pipe 7, the hot air still contains a certain amount of residual heat after passing through the heat pipe 7, so the valve on the exhaust pipe 18 can be closed, and the valve on the circulation pipe 19 can be opened, and the hot air can return to the air supply mechanism through the circulation pipe 19 after passing through the heat pipe 7, so as to realize the reuse of the residual heat.

[0032] The hydrogen production cabin 20 is used to decompose formic acid to produce hydrogen. The hydrogen production cabin 20 can be a metal cabin or a concrete cabin. Specifically, the top of the hydrogen production cabin 20 is provided with a liquid inlet 21 and an exhaust port 22. The liquid inlet 21 is connected to the drain port 5. The formic acid discharged from the drain port 5 can enter the liquid inlet 21. The height of the liquid inlet 21 can be less than the height of the drain port 5, so that the formic acid discharged from the drain port 5 can flow into the drain port 5 by its own gravity. The hydrogen production cabin 20 is provided with a multi-layer catalyst filler plate 23. The filler on the catalyst filler plate 23 is a catalyst for hydrogen production. Under the action of the catalyst, formic acid can be decomposed into hydrogen and water. The bottom of the hydrogen production cabin 20 is provided with a waste liquid outlet 26 for discharging waste liquids such as water.

[0033] In order to ensure that the formic acid fully and evenly contacts the catalyst packing plate 23 after entering the hydrogen production cabin 20, an arc-shaped dripping filter cover 24 is arranged above the catalyst packing plate 23, and the center of the dripping filter cover 24 bulges upward. The dripping filter cover 24 is arc-shaped, and the liquid formic acid solution falls on the dripping filter cover 24 after entering the hydrogen production cabin 20. Since the formic acid solution cannot pass through the dripping filter cover 24 quickly, it will flow along the dripping filter cover 24, and gradually pass through the dripping filter cover 24 and drip onto the catalyst packing plate 23 during the flow process, so as to achieve the dispersion of the formic acid solution, ensure that the formic acid solution and the catalyst packing plate 23 are in uniform and sufficient contact, and improve the hydrogen preparation efficiency and gas production rate.

[0034] The liquid inlet 21 is lower than the liquid discharge port 5, and the liquid inlet 21 is connected to the liquid discharge port 5 through a U-shaped connecting pipe 25. Since it is difficult for the filtrate plate 4 to filter out fine dust particles, the dust will flow with the formic acid solution. In order to prevent the dust from entering the hydrogen production cabin 20 and clogging the drip filter 24 and the catalyst filler plate 23, the utility model sets a U-shaped connecting pipe 25 between the liquid inlet 21 and the liquid discharge port 5. When flowing through the connecting pipe 25, the solid particles settle at the bottom of the connecting pipe 25, thereby preventing the solid particles from entering the hydrogen production cabin 20.

[0035] The fermentation assembly and the hydrogen production chamber 20 are integrated on the same base 17, so that the entire device is called a skid-mounted whole, which can be transported to the site for installation after being produced in the factory.

[0036] The utility model can promote the fermentation of agricultural waste to generate saturated fatty acids mainly composed of formic acid by controlling the temperature and pH in the fermentation chamber 1. Formic acid has the advantages of being non-toxic and easy to store. It is a clean hydrogen production raw material. Under the action of a catalyst, it can be decomposed to produce hydrogen, thereby realizing the chemical production of hydrogen from agricultural organic waste and improving the resource utilization effect of agricultural organic waste.

[0037] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the utility model, and is not intended to limit the utility model. For those skilled in the art, the utility model can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A device for preparing hydrogen from organic agricultural waste, characterized in that: It includes a fermentation component and a hydrogen production chamber (20); The fermentation assembly comprises a fermentation chamber (1), a control chamber (2), a temperature control system and a pH adjustment system. The top of the fermentation chamber (1) is provided with an agricultural waste inlet (3), the bottom of the fermentation chamber (1) is provided with a filtrate plate (4), a liquid storage bin (6) is provided below the filtrate plate (4), a liquid discharge port (5) is provided at the bottom of the liquid storage bin (6), and a solid waste discharge mechanism is provided above the filtrate plate (4); the temperature control system comprises a heat pipe (7), a controller (9) and an air supply mechanism, the heat pipe (7) horizontally passes through the fermentation chamber (1), the outer wall of the heat pipe (7) is provided with a temperature sensor (8), the controller (9) and the air supply mechanism are arranged in the control chamber (2), and the temperature sensor (8) and the air supply mechanism are both electrically connected to the controller (9), and the air supply mechanism is connected to each heat pipe (7) through the air supply pipe; The top of the hydrogen production chamber (20) is provided with a liquid inlet (21) and an exhaust port (22), the liquid inlet (21) is connected to the liquid discharge port (5), a multi-layer catalyst filling plate (23) is provided inside the hydrogen production chamber (20), and a waste liquid discharge port (26) is provided at the bottom of the hydrogen production chamber (20).

2. The device for preparing hydrogen from organic agricultural waste as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: An arc-shaped drip filter cover (24) is arranged above the catalyst filler plate (23), and the center of the drip filter cover (24) protrudes upward.

3. The device for preparing hydrogen from organic agricultural waste as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid inlet (21) is lower than the liquid discharge port (5), and the liquid inlet (21) is connected to the liquid discharge port (5) via a U-shaped connecting pipe (25).

4. The device for preparing hydrogen from organic agricultural waste as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The pH regulating system comprises a pH sensor (11), an acid storage container (12) and a spray head (13); the pH sensor (11) is arranged in a fermentation chamber (1) and is electrically connected to a controller (9); the acid storage container (12) is arranged in a control chamber (2); the spray head (13) is arranged at the top of the inner cavity of the fermentation chamber (1), and the spray head (13) is connected to the acid storage container (12) via a delivery pump (14).

5. The device for preparing hydrogen from organic agricultural waste as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The air supply mechanism comprises a fan (10) and a heater (15), and the fan (10) and the heater (15) are connected in series.

6. The device for preparing hydrogen from organic agricultural waste as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The solid waste discharge mechanism is a slurry pump (16).

7. The device for producing hydrogen from organic agricultural waste as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The fermentation component and the hydrogen production chamber (20) are integrated on the same base (17).

8. The device for producing hydrogen from organic agricultural waste as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the heat conduction pipe (7) is connected to the air supply pipe, and the other end is provided with an exhaust pipe (18) and a circulation pipe (19); the circulation pipe (19) is connected to the air supply mechanism, and valves are provided on the exhaust pipe (18) and the circulation pipe (19).

9. The device for producing hydrogen from organic agricultural waste as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The side wall of the liquid storage bin (6) is arranged inclined.

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