Multi-beam phased array microwave read-write antenna and signal adjusting module thereof
By designing a signal adjustment module for multi-beam phased array microwave read-write antennas, using attenuators and microstrip lines to adjust the power and phase of the signal, the problem of high cost in the existing technology is solved and the hardware cost is reduced. significantly reduced.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420202286.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-01-26
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-10
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-01-26
AI Technical Summary
The existing multi-beam phased array microwave read and write antennas are relatively expensive, mainly because the phase shifter is more expensive.
Design a signal adjustment module that divides the input signal into multiple signals with equal phase and power through the first power divider, uses an attenuator and a microstrip line to adjust the power and phase of the signal, and outputs the adjusted signal after combining.
This signal adjustment module can replace the existing phase shifter and π attenuation circuit. It has a simple structure and relatively cheap device price. The total cost is less than 10 RMB, which greatly reduces the hardware cost of the equipment.
Smart Images
Figure CN222338491U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the field of intelligent transportation, in particular to a multi-beam phased array microwave reading and writing antenna and a signal adjustment module thereof. Background Art
[0002] The multi-beam phased array microwave read-write antenna (RSU device) is a product designed for ETC2.0 application scenarios. It can be used in the fields of vehicle information collection, vehicle-road collaboration, ETC expansion applications in gas stations and car washes in highway traffic. This product is based on phased array multi-beam control technology to achieve the separation of transmit and receive channels. In addition, the downlink uses beam scanning control to achieve the effect of transmitting and covering at least 4 lanes; the uplink uses two independent RF receiving modules, each receiving module is responsible for receiving 2 lanes. Thereby achieving cross-sectional coverage of up to four lanes. For example, the downlink of a multi-beam phased array microwave read-write antenna is: multiple signals with equal power and the same phase are sent to the phase shifter and π decay circuit of the corresponding road respectively, so as to change the phase value of the signal through the phase shifter and change the power of the signal by changing the resistance value of the π decay circuit, and then sent to the corresponding antenna array for transmission. Therefore, by adjusting the phase of each signal, the output beam of the antenna can be changed.
[0003] In the above-mentioned multi-beam phased array microwave read-write antenna, the core component is the phase shifter that realizes the signal phase shifting function, but the price of the phase shifter is relatively expensive (for example, the price of a 5.8GHz phase shifter is more than RMB 200), which makes the cost of the existing multi-beam phased array microwave read-write antenna relatively high. Utility Model Content
[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a multi-beam phased array microwave read-write antenna and a signal adjustment module thereof in view of the technical defect of high cost in the prior art.
[0005] The technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve its technical problem is: construct a signal adjustment module for adjusting the phase and power of an input signal, the signal adjustment module comprising: a first power divider, a combiner, n attenuators and n microstrip lines corresponding to the n attenuators one-to-one, n is a natural number greater than or equal to 3, and the lengths of the n microstrip lines are at least partially different, wherein the input end of the first power divider is connected to the input signal, the n output ends of the first power divider are respectively connected to the input ends of the corresponding attenuators, the output ends of the attenuators are connected to the first ends of the corresponding microstrip lines, the second ends of the n microstrip lines are connected to the n input ends of the combiner one-to-one, and the output end of the combiner outputs the signal after the phase and power are adjusted.
[0006] Preferably, n is 3.
[0007] Preferably, the lengths of the three microstrip lines satisfy: A2-A1=A3-A2=1 / 3λ, wherein A1 is the length of the first microstrip line, A2 is the length of the second microstrip line, A3 is the length of the third microstrip line, and λ is the wavelength of the input signal.
[0008] Preferably, the length of the first microstrip line is λ / 12, the length of the second microstrip line is 5λ / 12, and the length of the third microstrip line is 9λ / 12.
[0009] Preferably, the attenuator is a digitally controlled attenuator.
[0010] Preferably, the n microstrip lines are arranged in parallel.
[0011] Preferably, the microstrip line is in an L-shape, an S-shape or a zigzag shape.
[0012] The utility model also constructs a multi-beam phased array microwave read-write antenna, comprising:
[0013] A radio frequency chip for generating a transmission signal;
[0014] A filtering module connected to the radio frequency chip and used for filtering the transmission signal;
[0015] A first power amplifier module connected to the filter module and used to amplify the filtered signal;
[0016] A second power divider connected to the first power amplifier module and used to divide the amplified signal into multiple signals with equal power and phase;
[0017] A plurality of signal adjustment modules respectively connected to the second power divider and respectively used to adjust the power and phase of each signal, and the signal adjustment modules are the signal adjustment modules described above;
[0018] A microstrip antenna array corresponding to each signal adjustment module.
[0019] Preferably, it also includes a plurality of second power amplifier modules corresponding to each signal adjustment module one by one, and each of the second power amplifier modules is connected between the signal adjustment module of the corresponding path and the microstrip antenna array.
[0020] Preferably, the filtering module is a bandpass filter.
[0021] To implement the technical solution of the utility model, the input signal to be processed is first divided into multiple signals with equal phase and power through the first power divider. For each signal, the corresponding power is adjusted through the corresponding attenuator, and the corresponding phase is adjusted through the corresponding microstrip line. Then, each adjusted signal is combined to obtain a signal with changed power and phase, thereby achieving the adjustment of the phase and power of the input signal. Therefore, the signal adjustment module can be used to replace the existing phase shifter and π decay circuit. Moreover, the signal adjustment module has a simple structure, and the components used are relatively cheap, with a total cost of less than 10 RMB, which greatly reduces the hardware cost of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0022] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, in which:
[0023] Figure 1 It is a logical structure diagram of the first embodiment of the signal adjustment module of the utility model;
[0024] Figure 2 It is a logical structure diagram of the second embodiment of the signal adjustment module of the utility model;
[0025] Figure 3 It is a logical structure diagram of the first embodiment of the multi-beam phased array microwave read-write antenna of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0026] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.
[0027] Figure 11 is a logical structure diagram of a first embodiment of a signal adjustment module of the utility model. The signal adjustment module of this embodiment is used to adjust the phase and power of an input signal, and the signal adjustment module includes: a first power divider 11, a combiner 14, n attenuators 12, 12', ..., 12", and n microstrip lines 13, 13', ..., 13" corresponding to the n attenuators 12, 12', ..., 12", n is a natural number greater than or equal to 3, and the lengths of the n microstrip lines are at least partially different. Preferably, the lengths of the n microstrip lines are completely different. Among them, the first power divider The input end of the attenuator 11 is connected to the input signal, the n output ends of the first power divider are respectively connected to the input ends of the corresponding attenuators, and the output ends of the attenuators are connected to the first ends of the corresponding microstrip lines. For example, the output end of the attenuator 12 is connected to the first end of the microstrip line 13; the output end of the attenuator 12′ is connected to the first end of the microstrip line 13′; the output end of the attenuator 12″ is connected to the first end of the microstrip line 13″. The second ends of the n microstrip lines 13, 13′, …, 13″ are connected to the n input ends of the combiner 14 one by one, and the output end of the combiner 14 outputs the signal after the phase and power are adjusted.
[0028] In the technical solution of this embodiment, the input signal to be processed is first divided into multiple signals with equal phase and power through the first power divider. For each signal, the corresponding power is adjusted through the corresponding attenuator, and the corresponding phase is adjusted through the corresponding microstrip line. Then, each adjusted signal is combined to obtain a signal with changed power and phase, thereby achieving the adjustment of the phase and power of the input signal. Therefore, the signal adjustment module can be used to replace the existing phase shifter and π attenuation circuit. Moreover, the signal adjustment module has a simple structure, and the components used are relatively cheap, with a total cost of less than 10 RMB, which greatly reduces the hardware cost of the equipment.
[0029] Figure 2 This is a logical structure diagram of the second embodiment of the signal adjustment module of the utility model. In this embodiment, n is 3, that is, the number of attenuators and microstrip lines is three. Moreover, the lengths of the three microstrip lines satisfy: A2-A1=A3-A2=1 / 3λ, where A1 is the length of the first microstrip line, A2 is the length of the second microstrip line, A3 is the length of the third microstrip line, and λ is the wavelength of the input signal. Preferably, the length of the first microstrip line is λ / 12, the length of the second microstrip line is 5λ / 12, and the length of the third microstrip line is 9λ / 12.
[0030] In this embodiment, if Figure 2As shown, the signal to be processed is: 3Acosωt, which is divided into three signals with equal power and phase after passing through the first power divider 11: Acos(ωt+θ), where θ is a fixed phase value of the circuit. These three signals are respectively sent to the corresponding attenuators 12, 12', ..., 12" to adjust the corresponding attenuation, and then sent to the corresponding microstrip lines (not shown). The lengths of the three microstrip lines are λ / 12, 5λ / 12, and 9λ / 12, respectively, satisfying A2-A1=A3-A2=1 / 3λ, that is, the phase relationship of the three signals is: the phase difference between the two is 120°. Therefore, after passing through the corresponding attenuators and the corresponding microstrip lines, the three signals are respectively changed into: Among them, α1, α2, and α3 are the attenuation adjusted by the three attenuators respectively. The output signal of these three signals after being combined by the combiner 14 is:
[0031]
[0032] in, φ is the phase value adjusted by the attenuator, and,
[0033] The above formula shows that by adjusting the attenuation of each attenuator α1, α2, α3, the phase and size of the combined signal can be controlled. Specifically:
[0034] When 2α3-(α1+α2)>0, and α1-α2>0, φ is in the first quadrant;
[0035] When 2α3-(α1+α2)>0, and α1-α2<0, φ is in the second quadrant;
[0036] When 2α3-(α1+α2)<0, and α1-α2<0, φ is in the third quadrant;
[0037] When 2α3-(α1+α2)<0 and α1-α2>0, φ is in the fourth quadrant.
[0038] Therefore, the signal adjustment module of this embodiment can adjust the input signal at any phase within 360 degrees.
[0039] Of course, in some other embodiments, the lengths of the three microstrip lines can also be other lengths, as long as A2-A1=A3-A2=1 / 3λ is satisfied, the input signal can be adjusted to any phase of 360 degrees, or the lengths of the three microstrip lines do not satisfy A2-A1=A3-A2=1 / 3λ, as long as the lengths are not completely equal. Even in some other embodiments, n=4, 5, 6, ... can also achieve the adjustment of signal phase and power.
[0040] Furthermore, in an optional embodiment, the attenuator is a digitally controlled attenuator, so that the attenuator can be controlled by an MCU and the attenuation can be adjusted by software, so that the signal phase can be adjusted more flexibly and the controllability is higher.
[0041] Furthermore, in an optional embodiment, n microstrip lines are arranged in parallel on the PCB board. Of course, in some other embodiments, in order to save the space occupied by the microstrip lines on the PCB board, the microstrip lines can be arranged in a non-straight line, for example, the shape of the microstrip lines is L-shaped, S-shaped or a zigzag line, etc.
[0042] Figure 3 It is a logical structure diagram of the first embodiment of the multi-beam phased array microwave read-write antenna of the utility model. The multi-beam phased array microwave read-write antenna (RSU device) of this embodiment includes: a radio frequency chip 40, a filtering module 50, a first power amplifier module 60, a second power divider 70, a plurality of microstrip antenna arrays 30, ..., 30', and signal adjustment modules 10, ..., 10' and second power amplifier modules 20, ..., 20' corresponding to each microstrip antenna array one by one, and the logical structure of the signal adjustment modules 10, ..., 10' can refer to the above description. Among them, the radio frequency chip 40 is used to generate a transmission signal; the filter module 50 is connected to the radio frequency chip 40 and is used to filter the transmission signal; the first power amplifier module 60 is connected to the filter module 50 and is used to amplify the filtered signal; the second power divider 70 is connected to the first power amplifier module 60 and is used to divide the amplified signal into multiple signals with equal power and phase; each signal adjustment module 10, ..., 10' is connected to an output end of the second power divider 70 and is used to adjust the power and phase of each signal; the second power amplifier modules 20..., 20' are respectively connected to the output ends of the signal adjustment modules 10..., 10' of the corresponding paths and are used to amplify the modulated signal; the microstrip antenna arrays 30..., 30' are respectively connected to the second power amplifier modules 20, ..., 20' of the corresponding paths and are used to transmit the amplified signal. It should be understood that in other embodiments, the second power amplifier modules 20, ..., 20' can also be omitted, that is, the signal adjustment modules of the corresponding paths are directly connected to the microstrip antenna arrays.
[0043] Furthermore, in an optional embodiment, the filtering module is a bandpass filter. Of course, in other embodiments, the filtering module may also include a low-pass filter and a high-pass filter connected to each other.
[0044] In the multi-beam phased array microwave read-write antenna of this embodiment, the transmission signal generated by the radio frequency chip 40 is first sent to the filter module 50 for filtering, and then sent to the first power amplifier module 60 for signal amplification. The second power divider 70 divides the amplified signal into multiple (for example, 6) signals with equal power and the same phase. For each signal, taking the first signal as an example, the signal is sent to the second power amplifier module 20 for amplification after the signal adjustment module 10 performs corresponding power and phase adjustment on the signal, and finally sent to the microstrip antenna array 30 for transmission. Moreover, since the power and phase adjustments made by the signal adjustment module of each signal are different, the output beams of the microstrip antenna arrays of different paths can be changed. Based on this, the signal adjustment module of this embodiment can be used to replace the existing phase shifter and π decay circuit. Moreover, the signal adjustment module has a simple structure, and the components used are relatively cheap, with a total cost of less than 10 RMB, which greatly reduces the hardware cost of the multi-beam phased array microwave read-write antenna.
[0045] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. For those skilled in the art, the utility model may have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the utility model shall be included in the scope of the claims of the utility model.
Claims
1. A signal adjustment module, used to adjust the phase and power of an input signal, characterized in that: The signal adjustment module includes: a first power divider, a combiner, n attenuators and n microstrip lines corresponding to the n attenuators one-to-one, n is a natural number greater than or equal to 3, and the lengths of the n microstrip lines are at least partially different, wherein the input end of the first power divider is connected to the input signal, the n output ends of the first power divider are respectively connected to the input ends of the corresponding attenuators, the output ends of the attenuators are connected to the first ends of the corresponding microstrip lines, the second ends of the n microstrip lines are connected to the n input ends of the combiner one-to-one, and the output end of the combiner outputs the signal after phase and power adjustment.
2. The signal adjustment module according to claim 1, characterized in that: n is 3.
3. The signal adjustment module according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lengths of the three microstrip lines satisfy: A2-A1=A3-A2=1 / 3λ, wherein A1 is the length of the first microstrip line, A2 is the length of the second microstrip line, A3 is the length of the third microstrip line, and λ is the wavelength of the input signal.
4. The signal adjustment module according to claim 3, characterized in that: The length of the first microstrip line is λ / 12, the length of the second microstrip line is 5λ / 12, and the length of the third microstrip line is 9λ / 12.
5. The signal adjustment module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The attenuator is a digitally controlled attenuator.
6. The signal adjustment module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The n microstrip lines are arranged in parallel.
7. The signal adjustment module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shape of the microstrip line is L-shaped, S-shaped or zigzag-line shaped.
8. A multi-beam phased array microwave read-write antenna, characterized in that: include: A radio frequency chip for generating a transmission signal; A filtering module connected to the radio frequency chip and used for filtering the transmission signal; A first power amplifier module connected to the filter module and used to amplify the filtered signal; A second power divider connected to the first power amplifier module and used to divide the amplified signal into multiple signals with equal power and phase; A plurality of signal adjustment modules respectively connected to the second power divider and respectively used to adjust the power and phase of each signal, and the signal adjustment module is the signal adjustment module according to any one of claims 1 to 7; A microstrip antenna array corresponding to each signal adjustment module.
9. The multi-beam phased array microwave read-write antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes a plurality of second power amplifier modules corresponding to each signal adjustment module one by one, and each of the second power amplifier modules is connected between the signal adjustment module of the corresponding path and the microstrip antenna array.
10. The multi-beam phased array microwave read-write antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that: The filtering module is a bandpass filter.