Internet of Things gateway applied to fire fighting

Abstract

The utility model discloses an Internet of Things gateway applied to fire fighting. Belongs to the field of Internet of Things. The gateway comprises a gateway controller, a data transmission module, an information acquisition node, a power supply module and a storage module. The input end of the gateway controller is connected with the output end of the data transmission module, and the input end of the data transmission module is connected with the information acquisition node. The power supply module provides power for other modules, and the storage module is an external storage module and is connected with the gateway controller. According to the utility model, the reliability, the automation degree and the monitoring precision of the fire-fighting equipment are improved, so that fire early warning and emergency response can be more effectively carried out.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of Internet of Things, and more specifically relates to an Internet of Things gateway applied to fire protection. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of Internet of Things technology, it has played an important role in many fields. Especially in the field of fire protection, the application of Internet of Things technology can monitor fires in real time and effectively avoid and reduce the losses caused by fires. However, most of the existing fire protection systems rely on wired transmission, which has problems such as difficult wiring, easy to be affected by the physical environment (such as geographical location, building structure, etc.), and data transmission is easy to be interfered with. In addition, the existing fire protection equipment can often only perform single data collection and processing, such as only monitoring temperature or only monitoring smoke, etc., and cannot integrate and process multiple data, resulting in incomplete monitoring and inability to provide timely and effective fire warnings.

[0003] In addition, many fire fighting equipment still have problems in data transmission and processing. For example, the data transmission module and storage module of some fire fighting equipment rely on a specific power supply module. When the power supply module fails or the power is interrupted, it will affect the normal operation of the entire equipment.

[0004] Therefore, in response to the problems existing in the existing technology, how to design a fire protection Internet of Things gateway that can realize wireless data transmission, data integration processing, and can operate normally when the power supply module fails has become a problem that needs to be solved urgently. Utility Model Content

[0005] The main technical problem solved by the utility model is how to design and implement an Internet of Things gateway for fire protection, which can wirelessly integrate and process multiple types of data and continue to work normally even when the power supply module fails, thereby improving the reliability, automation and monitoring accuracy of fire protection equipment, thereby more effectively performing fire warning and emergency response.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model is implemented by adopting the following technical solutions: the gateway comprises:

[0007] Gateway controller, data transmission module, information collection node, power module, storage module;

[0008] The input end of the gateway controller is connected to the output end of the data transmission module, and the input end of the data transmission module is connected to the information collection node;

[0009] The power module provides power to other modules, and the storage module is external storage and is connected to the gateway controller.

[0010] In one solution, the information collection nodes include a first type of sensing node and a second type of sensing node;

[0011] The first type of sensing node includes a single-chip microcomputer system, an environmental data acquisition module and a LoRa transmission module;

[0012] The second type of sensing nodes includes ESP32 system, camera module and wifi module;

[0013] In one embodiment, the data transmission module includes: a 4G module, a LoRa receiving module, and a Wifi transmission module. The 4G module is connected to the gateway controller, the LoRa receiving module is connected to the environmental data acquisition module; and the Wifi module is connected to the camera module.

[0014] In one solution, the environmental data acquisition module includes: a fire water tank level acquisition node, an indoor fire hydrant equipment status acquisition node, and a pump room fire hydrant outlet pressure acquisition node.

[0015] In one solution, the power supply module is a DC power supply module.

[0016] In one solution, the storage module adopts an external flash storage module.

[0017] Beneficial effects of the utility model

[0018] Realize wireless data transmission and integrated processing: Adopt multiple sensing nodes, including single-chip microcomputer system and environmental data acquisition module, which can not only collect environmental parameters, but also receive the status of fire-fighting equipment, and transmit data through 4G, LoRa and Wifi, which greatly enhances the monitoring ability and accuracy of fire-fighting equipment.

[0019] The storage module uses an external flash storage module, which can store a large amount of environmental data, equipment status, camera images and other information. It can save key information even without a network, thus improving the accessibility of data.

[0020] The gateway has a simple structural design, is easy to install and use, is adaptable to a variety of environments, and can be widely used in the field of fire protection, effectively improving the speed of fire warning while improving the ability to respond to fires. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is a system block diagram of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 This is the circuit schematic diagram of STM32F103C8T6;

[0023] Figure 3 This is the circuit schematic of ESP32-S;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a diagram of the connection between Jetson Nano, SIM7600G-H, and SIM card;

[0025] Figure 5 This is the schematic diagram of the USB to serial port circuit;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the ultrasonic measurement of liquid level depth;

[0027] Figure 7 Infrared ranging circuit, (a) infrared transmitting circuit; (b) infrared receiving circuit;

[0028] Figure 8 It is a 24v to 5v voltage conversion circuit;

[0029] Fig. 9 Circuit design for the first type of sensing node. (a) 5v to 3.3v voltage conversion circuit; (b) storage circuit.

[0030] In the figure: 1-gateway controller, 2-data transmission module, 3-information acquisition node, 4-power module, 5-storage module, 6-first type perception node, 7-second type perception node. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although the embodiments of the present application are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present application can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to make the present application more thorough and complete, and to fully convey the scope of the present application to those skilled in the art.

[0032] It should be understood that although the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. may be used in this application to describe various information, this information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the same type of information from each other. For example, without departing from the scope of this application, the first information may also be referred to as the second information, and similarly, the second information may also be referred to as the first information. Thus, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0033] First, in terms of IoT gateway hardware, Jetson Nano, which has rich computing resources, is used as the core controller. In addition, in order to enable the gateway to have communication functions, it is necessary to configure various data transmission modules 2 for the gateway controller 1 to communicate with various sensing nodes and servers.

[0034] Secondly, in terms of the hardware of the information collection node 3, since the amount of environmental data collected by the first type of sensing node 6 is small, STM32 is used as the core controller and the LoRa module is used as the medium for communication with the IoT gateway platform; and since the amount of environmental data collected by the second type of sensing node 7 is large, ESP32 is used as the core controller and the WiFi module is used as the medium for communication with the IoT gateway platform.

[0035] The gateway comprises: a gateway controller 1, a data transmission module 2, an information collection node 3, a power module 4, and a storage module 5; the input end of the gateway controller 1 is connected to the output end of the data transmission module 2, and the input end of the data transmission module 2 is connected to the information collection node 3;

[0036] The power module 4 provides power for other modules, and the storage module 5 is an external storage connected to the gateway controller 1 .

[0037] The information collection node 3 includes a first type of sensing node 6 and a second type of sensing node 7;

[0038] The first type of sensing node 6 includes a single-chip microcomputer system, an environmental data acquisition module, and a LoRa module; the second type of sensing node 7 includes an ESP32 system, a camera module, and a wifi module.

[0039] The hardware design and implementation process of the first-class sensing node 6 can be decomposed into two steps. The first is the design and implementation of the node control module, and the second is the design and implementation of the environmental data acquisition module of each of the three types of sub-nodes contained in the first-class sensing node 6. Since the amount of data collected by the first-class sensing node 6 is relatively small, this application considers the performance required for data acquisition, the power consumption of the node, and the scalability of functional implementation, and chooses the STM32F103C8T6 chip with a Cortex-M3 core as the MCU for node control. The implementation of the node control system can be divided into two parts. The first is the design and implementation of the basic circuit of STM32F103C8T6. The circuit schematic diagram is shown in the figure. Figure 2 It includes a clock circuit that controls the working rhythm of the chip, a reset circuit that uses a button to control the chip reset, and a download circuit that is responsible for program downloading.

[0040] ESP32-S is the controller of the fire channel information collection node 3 in this application. The circuit schematic is as follows Figure 3As shown. The reason why ESP32-S is chosen as the controller of the second type of sensing node 7 is that the second type of sensing node 7 is responsible for collecting the real-time environment of the fire channel in the form of video frames, which involves a huge amount of data processing, which requires the node to have a high computing speed. ESP32-S uses a dual-core 32-bit CPU, built-in 520KB SRAM, the fastest main frequency can reach 240MHz, and the computing power can reach 600DMIPS, which can schedule video frame data very well.

[0041] (2) The second type of sensing node 7 also undertakes the task of transmitting video frame data. When transmitting video frame data, choosing an appropriate communication method can effectively improve the real-time performance of channel occupancy determination. As a universal WiFi-BT-BLE MCU module, ESP32-S supports Smart Config / AirKiss one-click network configuration. The method of transmitting video frames based on WiFi can ensure the frame rate of the transmitted video.

[0042] (3) Under the same conditions, ESP32-S has the advantage of lower power consumption.

[0043] The data transmission module 2 includes: a 4G module, a LoRa receiving module, and a Wifi transmission module. The 4G module is connected to the gateway controller 1, the LoRa receiving module is connected to the environmental data acquisition module; and the Wifi module is connected to the camera module.

[0044] The 4G module used is Weixue's 4G module SIM7600G-H. This module is connected to the IoT gateway hardware platform in the form of an expansion board, which not only supports 2G, 3G and 4G wireless communications, but also supports the realization of functions such as SMS, phone calls, emails and network connections, and has the advantage of low power consumption.

[0045] SIM7600G-H is the communication bridge between the intelligent IoT gateway platform and the information monitoring center. In actual application, it needs to be connected to an activated SIM card. The connection between the SIM7600G-H module, the IoT gateway hardware platform and the SIM card is as follows: Figure 4 As shown in the figure, in terms of power supply, Jetson Nano provides 5V voltage for the 4G module. When the module is working normally, it needs to connect the SIM card and provide 3.5V working voltage.

[0046] The WiFi module uses a dual-mode wireless network card produced by Intel. It is easy to use and small in size. The module uses Intel 8265AC as the main chip and supports 2.4GHz / 5GHz dual-band WiFi. Based on the 802.11ac wireless WiFi transmission protocol, the maximum transmission capacity can reach 867Mbps, and after connecting to an external antenna, it can provide stable and good penetration capabilities in an obstructed and interfered external environment.

[0047] LoRa (Long Range Radio) wireless communication technology is a low-power LAN wireless standard created by Semtech. It can achieve a longer transmission distance under the same power consumption conditions and is a major research hotspot for wireless transmission in the Internet of Things. At present, the common LoRa chips mainly include SX1276, SX1277 and SX1278. The LoRa module selected in this application is the ATK-LORA-01 module with SX1278 as the core. The module can configure the working mode based on AT instructions. Under good external environment, the maximum transmission distance can reach 3000m. The communication network composed of ATK-LORA-01 communication module has the advantages of long information transmission distance, stable network environment and relatively low power consumption. It can meet the needs of this application for fire protection facility monitoring.

[0048] The ATK-LORA-01 module has 6 pins and is connected to the controller via a serial port. Finally, in order to use the USB interface of JetsonNano to control the module, this application designs the following Figure 5 The conversion circuit shown.

[0049] The environmental data acquisition module includes: a fire water tank level acquisition node, an indoor fire hydrant equipment status acquisition node, and a pump room fire hydrant outlet pressure acquisition node.

[0050] For the collection of the liquid level information of the fire water pool, this application is implemented based on the transit time method in ultrasonic ranging. However, since the liquid stored in the fire water pool is water, the temperature of the water is easily changed with the external temperature and is not constant. According to the formula, the speed of sound waves is easily affected by temperature and changes. Therefore, it is necessary to design an effective measurement scheme to eliminate the influence of external temperature changes and realize the accurate measurement of the liquid level information of the fire water pool.

[0051] This application adopts the method of combining ultrasonic sensors with steering gears to eliminate the influence of temperature on the speed of sound waves. Figure 6As shown. An ultrasonic sensor that can be rotated by a servo is set on one side of the fire water tank, and a baffle is set on the other side of the fire water tank. The distance between the ultrasonic sensor and the baffle is fixed and known. When starting to measure the distance, the MCU sends a command to make the servo point vertically to the baffle, measure the ultrasonic propagation time, and then obtain the sound wave speed in the environment at that moment; then control the servo to rotate 90° along the array, so that the ultrasonic sensor points vertically to the liquid surface, measure the propagation time, calculate the distance, and complete the measurement.

[0052] In order to determine whether the status of indoor fire hydrant equipment is in an abnormal state, it is necessary to use data collected by multiple sensors for comprehensive analysis. The judgment method is as follows: Use the value detected by the pressure sensor to determine whether the window of the indoor fire hydrant is opened, and use the infrared ranging principle based on the energy method to determine whether the equipment in the fire hydrant is lost. In terms of infrared detection circuit design, the infrared transmitting circuit is relatively simple, including: infrared transmitting tube and infrared receiving device. The circuit is powered by VCC, and drives the transmitting tube to work through a current limiting resistor. The resistance value of the current limiting resistor here determines the emission power of the infrared light emitting diode, and the corresponding relationship between the two is inversely proportional. The circuit schematic is shown in the figure. Figure 7 As shown in (a). The receiving circuit is implemented based on a voltage comparator. The circuit uses the voltage value at the positive pole of the receiving tube as the input of the voltage comparator's non-inverting input terminal. At this time, the output result of the comparator depends solely on the inverting input terminal. If the voltage in the same direction is greater than the reverse direction, there is no output at the output terminal; if the voltage in the same direction is less than the reverse direction, the output terminal outputs a low voltage. Therefore, the voltage at the reverse input terminal and the distance between the fire-fighting equipment and the receiving tube can be matched one by one. The schematic diagram of the receiving circuit is shown in Figure 7 As shown in (b), the reverse input terminal voltage can be adjusted by controlling the resistance of the sliding resistor.

[0053] The collection of the pressure information of the fire hydrant outlet in the pump room is realized by using the MIK-P300 professional pressure transmitter. The working voltage of the sensor is 24v, while the power supply voltage of the node control module designed in the previous article is 5v, so this application designs a corresponding voltage conversion circuit. The circuit is based on WRB2405S-1WR2 to realize the DC-DC conversion from 24v to 5v. The circuit schematic is as follows Figure 8 As shown, the 24v power supply voltage is input between VCC and GND. The CTRL terminal controls the working state of the module. When it is connected to a high voltage, the module will stop working. When it is in a floating state, the module will work normally. Vout is the converted 5v voltage output by the module.

[0054] The power supply module 4 adopts a DC power supply module to convert 220V into 24V, 12V, 5V, and 3.5V outputs to supply power to electrical appliances of different voltage levels. The storage module 5 adopts an external flash storage module 5.

[0055] Design and implementation of power supply circuit and storage circuit of node control system. In order to meet the power requirements of some data acquisition circuits, this application uses USB interface to supply 5v DC power to node controller. However, since the working voltage of MCU is 3.3v, this application designs the following Fig. 9 The buck circuit shown in (a) is used to power the MCU. The circuit is based on the LM1117-3.3 linear regulator and can achieve a voltage control accuracy of 1%. At the same time, in order to give each node a "memory" function, this application designs the following Fig. 9 The storage circuit shown in (b) is based on AT24C64 and can store 64Kbit of historical data.

[0056] The embodiments of the present application have been described above, and the above description is exemplary, not exhaustive, and is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and changes will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The selection of terms used in this application is intended to best explain the principles of the embodiments, practical applications, or improvements to the technology in the market, or to enable other persons of ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed in this application.

Claims

1. An Internet of Things gateway for fire protection, characterized in that: The gateway comprises: Gateway controller (1), data transmission module (2), information collection node (3), power module (4), storage module (5); The input end of the gateway controller (1) is connected to the output end of the data transmission module (2), and the input end of the data transmission module (2) is connected to the information collection node (3); The power module (4) provides power to other modules, and the storage module (5) is an external storage and is connected to the gateway controller (1).

2. According to claim 1, an Internet of Things gateway for fire protection is characterized in that: The information collection node (3) comprises a first type of sensing node (6) and a second type of sensing node (7); The first type of sensing node (6) comprises a single chip microcomputer system, an environmental data acquisition module and a LoRa transmission module; The second type of sensing node (7) includes an ESP32 system, a camera module, and a wifi module.

3. The Internet of Things gateway for fire protection according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The data transmission module (2) comprises: a 4G module, a LoRa receiving module, and a Wifi transmission module. The 4G module is connected to the gateway controller (1), the LoRa receiving module is connected to the environmental data acquisition module; and the Wifi module is connected to the camera module.

4. The Internet of Things gateway for fire protection according to claim 2, characterized in that: The environmental data acquisition module includes: a fire water tank level acquisition node, an indoor fire hydrant equipment status acquisition node, and a pump room fire hydrant outlet pressure acquisition node.

5. The Internet of Things gateway for fire protection according to claim 2, characterized in that: The power supply module (4) adopts a direct current power supply module.

6. The Internet of Things gateway for fire protection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The storage module (5) adopts an external flash storage module.

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