High-precision bucket wheel type seeding device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of seeding, and discloses a bucket wheel type seeding device with higher precision, which comprises a vehicle body frame, a bucket wheel type seeding mechanism is arranged on the vehicle body frame, the bucket wheel type seeding mechanism is used for uniformly seeding, the bucket wheel type seeding mechanism comprises a seeder fixing shell, the seeder fixing shell is fixedly connected to the vehicle body frame, and the bucket wheel type seeding mechanism is arranged on the vehicle body frame. A seed protecting disc is arranged in the seeder fixing shell, a seed transferring notch is formed in the seed protecting disc, a single-hole adjusting lug is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the seed protecting disc, and a multi-hole adjusting plate matched with the single-hole adjusting lug is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the seeder fixing shell. Seeds of different sexes are precisely sown into soil one by one, seed waste cannot be caused, seeds cannot be damaged through digging and scooping type seed sorting of the precise sowing disc, the seed quality is guaranteed, and the sowing precision is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of sowing, in particular to a spoon wheel type sowing device with higher precision. Background Art

[0002] With the development of large-scale and intensive agriculture, the large-scale lentil cultivation has increased the demand for efficient and labor-saving sowing machinery. Agricultural production units such as large-scale growers, agricultural cooperatives and farms prefer to use mechanical sowing to improve production efficiency and reduce labor costs.

[0003] The mainstream lentil seeders on the market currently include hand-push seeders, air-suction seeders, and spoon-wheel seeders.

[0004] 1. The hand-push seeder is cheap and easy to operate, but it has problems such as low sowing efficiency, high labor intensity, and lack of intelligence. There is also the problem of seed jamming, which makes it impossible to achieve high-accuracy precision sowing and damages the integrity of the seeds.

[0005] 2. Pneumatic seeder. Pneumatic seeder is an agricultural machine that uses negative pressure to absorb seeds for precision sowing. Its advantages are obvious. Pneumatic seeder can achieve single-grain sowing by precisely controlling the absorption and release of seeds, reducing seed waste, and has a high qualified rate of sowing spacing. Moreover, since it uses negative pressure to absorb seeds, it causes almost no damage to the seeds, which is beneficial to the germination and growth of seeds. However, its shortcomings are also obvious. The production cost, maintenance cost and energy consumption are all very high, making it unsuitable for widespread use in rural areas.

[0006] 3. Although the self-propelled seeder has solved the drawback of manual labor consumption of the hand-push seeder, it is still not smart enough and cannot monitor the road conditions in real time. It also has the same seed jamming problem as the hand-push seeder and cannot achieve precise seeding of one seed per hole.

[0007] In summary, the current lentil planters have a low level of intelligence and rely too much on manual labor, resulting in low sowing efficiency. They are seriously out of touch with the current era of the Internet of Things. In addition, the lentil planters currently on the market all have problems with seed jamming and seed damage, and are unable to achieve high-precision sowing of one seed per hole. Utility Model Content

[0008] 1. Technical issues to be resolved

[0009] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the utility model provides a spoon wheel type seeding device with higher precision, which solves the problem that the lentil seeding machines currently on the market cannot achieve high-precision seeding of one bean per hole.

[0010] (II) Technical solution

[0011] To achieve the above object, the utility model provides the following technical solutions: a high-precision scoop wheel sowing device, comprising a vehicle frame, a scoop wheel sowing mechanism is arranged on the vehicle frame, the scoop wheel sowing mechanism is used for uniform seeding, the scoop wheel sowing mechanism comprises a sowing device fixed shell, the sowing device fixed shell is fixedly connected to the vehicle frame, a seed protection disk is arranged in the sowing device fixed shell, and a seed delivery notch is opened on the seed protection disk;

[0012] A single-hole adjustment ear is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the seed protection plate, a multi-hole adjustment plate adapted to the single-hole adjustment ear is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the fixed shell of the seeder, and a screw for adjusting the angle position of the seed delivery notch is arranged between the multi-hole adjustment plate and the single-hole adjustment ear;

[0013] A scoop wheel is rotatably connected in the fixed shell of the seeder, and a plurality of hole scoops are fixedly connected to the scoop wheel. The hole scoops are inclined toward the seed protection disk, and the plurality of hole scoops are evenly arranged in a circular array. A seeding disk is rotatably connected in the vehicle body frame.

[0014] A plurality of lentil seed positions are arranged on the seeding tray, and the plurality of lentil seed positions are evenly arranged in a circular array, and a seed protection tray is located between the seeding tray and the hole spoon.

[0015] Preferably, a seed drop opening adapted to the lentil seed position is provided at the bottom of the fixed shell of the seeder, the seed drop opening is used for the seeds to fall into the soil, a transparent shell cover is installed on the fixed shell of the seeder, a feed elbow is fixedly connected to the transparent shell cover, and the feed elbow is used for placing the seeds.

[0016] Preferably, a bearing on the vehicle body frame is rotatably connected to a seeder shaft, the seeder shaft is fixedly connected to the seed disk and the hole spoon, the seeder shaft is used to drive the seed disk and the hole spoon to rotate synchronously, a seeder motor is fixedly connected to the vehicle body frame, and the output shaft of the seeder motor is fixedly connected to the seeder shaft via a coupling.

[0017] Preferably, two electric drive wheel assemblies are fixedly mounted on the vehicle body frame, and the two electric drive wheel assemblies are used to control the movement of the vehicle body frame. Two driven wheels are fixedly mounted on the vehicle body frame, and the driven wheels are used to assist the electric drive wheel assemblies in moving.

[0018] Preferably, two Internet of Things control devices are provided on the vehicle body frame, one of which is for transmitting control messages and device information including motor speed, direction, and basic information of the device, and the other Internet of Things control device is installed with a camera, which is mainly used for transmitting camera picture information.

[0019] Preferably, a fertilization assembly is installed on the vehicle body frame, and the fertilization assembly is used for uniform fertilization. The fertilization assembly consists of a fertilizer distribution plate, a paddle, and a fertilizer wheel. The fertilizer distribution plate can adjust the amount of fertilizer by the paddle, and the rotation speed of the fertilizer wheel is controlled to ensure that it is separated from the seeds to prevent seed damage. The fertilization assembly is a prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0020] Preferably, a furrow opener is fixedly installed on the front end of the vehicle body frame, and the furrow opener is used to open a seed furrow. The furrow opener adopts an acute-angle furrow opener. This type of furrow opener has a simple structure, is easy to manufacture, and has good soil penetration performance. Its basic structure mainly includes: a blade, a bracket. The furrow opener is a prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0021] Preferably, a soil cover is installed on the lower surface of the rear end of the vehicle body frame, and the soil cover is used to cover the seeds with soil. The soil covering mechanism is an important soil management tool, and its main components include a bracket and a triangular soil cover. The bracket serves as a supporting structure of the system and provides a stable working environment for the soil covering process; the beveled edge on the side of the triangular soil cover plays a role in soil aggregation. The soil cover is a prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0022] Preferably, when in use, the sowing motor is started, and the output shaft of the scoop wheel drives the scoop wheel and the seed plate to rotate together through the seeder shaft, and the multiple hole scoops on the scoop wheel scoop up seeds from the seed pile at the bottom of the fixed shell of the seeder, and the excess seeds slide down under the action of their own gravity, completing the seed cleaning process. Only one seed is placed in the hole spoon, and the scoop wheel continues to rotate to the seed delivery gap of the seed protection plate, enters the lentil seed position of the seed plate, and then continues to rotate to the seed drop port with the seed plate to discharge the seeds.

[0023] Preferably, by setting up a scoop wheel type sowing mechanism, large seeds and seeds of the opposite sex can be sown one by one into the soil without wasting seeds, and the seeds will not be damaged by the scooping type seeding disc, thereby ensuring the seed quality and improving the sowing accuracy.

[0024] Preferably, according to the specific shape and size of lentils, the hole spoon, seed protection plate and spoon wheel for lentils are cleverly designed, which perfectly realizes the precise sowing of one seed at a time without damaging the seeds.

[0025] (III) Beneficial effects

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the utility model provides a spoon wheel type seeding device with higher precision, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] 1. This high-precision spoon wheel sowing device, through the spoon wheel sowing mechanism, can realize the precision sowing of large seeds and heterogeneous seeds into the soil one by one without causing seed waste, and the seed sorting by digging and scooping of the precision sowing disk will not cause seed damage, thereby ensuring seed quality and improving sowing accuracy.

[0028] 2. This high-precision spoon wheel sowing device, through the setting of the specific shape and size of lentils, cleverly designed the hole spoon, seed protection plate and spoon wheel for lentils, perfectly realizes the precise sowing of one seed at a time without damaging the seeds.

[0029] 3. The high-precision spoon wheel seeding device bears the main weight of the furrow opener through the provided bracket, ensuring the stability of the furrow opener during operation. The sharp-angle furrow opener has a simple structure, reduces mechanical loss, improves work efficiency and reduces energy consumption.

[0030] 4. This high-precision spoon wheel seeding device can transmit real-time images to the computer through the camera and control chip on the car through the two Internet of Things control devices, so that people can watch the real-time images on the computer to control the movement of the seeding machine, freeing up labor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the top view structure of the utility model;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spoon wheel type seeding mechanism of the utility model;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a front view structural diagram of the spoon wheel type seeding mechanism of the utility model;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal cross-sectional structure of the spoon wheel type seeding mechanism of the utility model;

[0036] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spoon wheel of the utility model;

[0037] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the seed protection tray of the utility model;

[0038] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the seeding disc of the utility model;

[0039] Fig. 9 This is the shape diagram of the spoon nest of the utility model;

[0040] Fig.10 This is the external structure diagram of the spoon wheel of the utility model;

[0041] Fig.11 This is the force diagram of lentil seeds of the utility model;

[0042] Fig.12 This is a diagram showing the force analysis of seeds during the practical seeding process.

[0043] In the figure: 1. body frame; 2. spoon wheel type sowing mechanism; 3. fertilization assembly; 4. furrow opener; 5. soil cover; 6. multi-hole adjustment plate; 7. seeder shaft; 8. lentil seed position; 9. feed elbow; 10. seed delivery gap; 11. seed drop port; 12. transparent shell cover; 13. sowing motor; 14. electric drive wheel assembly; 15. driven wheel; 16. seed plate; 17. seeder fixed shell; 18. spoon wheel plate; 19. hole spoon; 20. seed protection plate; 21. single hole adjustment ear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0045] See also Figure 1-12 The utility model provides a new technical solution: a high-precision scoop wheel sowing device, comprising a vehicle frame 1, a scoop wheel sowing mechanism 2 is arranged on the vehicle frame 1, the scoop wheel sowing mechanism 2 is used for uniform seeding, the scoop wheel sowing mechanism 2 comprises a sowing device fixed shell 17, the sowing device fixed shell 17 is fixedly connected to the vehicle frame 1, a seed protection disk 20 is arranged in the sowing device fixed shell 17, and a seed delivery notch 10 is opened on the seed protection disk 20;

[0046] The outer surface of the seed protection plate 20 is fixedly connected with a single-hole adjustment ear 21, and the outer surface of the seeder fixed shell 17 is fixedly connected with a multi-hole adjustment plate 6 adapted to the single-hole adjustment ear 21, and a screw for adjusting the angle position of the seed delivery notch 10 is provided between the multi-hole adjustment plate 6 and the single-hole adjustment ear 21;

[0047] A scoop wheel 18 is rotatably connected in the fixed shell 17 of the seeder, and a plurality of hole scoops 19 are fixedly connected to the scoop wheel 18. The hole scoops 19 are inclined toward the seed protection plate 20, and the plurality of hole scoops 19 are evenly arranged in a circular array. A seeding plate 16 is rotatably connected in the vehicle frame 1.

[0048] A plurality of lentil seed positions 8 are provided on the seeding plate 16 , and the plurality of lentil seed positions 8 are evenly arranged in a circular array. The seed protection plate 20 is located between the seeding plate 16 and the hole spoon 19 .

[0049] Furthermore, during the seed filling and clearing process, the main function of the seed protection plate 20 is to form a seed-enclosing space with the hole spoon 19 and carry the seeds for movement. During the seed delivery process, the seeds completely enter the lentil seed position 8 within the angular range of the seed delivery gap 10.

[0050] Furthermore, a seed drop port 11 adapted to the lentil seed position 8 is provided at the bottom of the fixed shell 17 of the seeder, and the seed drop port 11 is used for the seeds to fall into the soil. A transparent shell cover 12 is installed on the fixed shell 17 of the seeder, and a feed elbow 9 is fixedly connected to the transparent shell cover 12, and the feed elbow 9 is used for placing seeds.

[0051] Furthermore, the vehicle frame 1 is rotatably connected to a seeder shaft 7 by a bearing, and the seeder shaft 7 is fixedly connected to a seeding disc 16 and a hole spoon 19;

[0052] The seeder shaft 7 is used to drive the seeding disc 16 and the hole spoon 19 to rotate synchronously. A sowing motor 13 is fixedly connected to the vehicle frame 1, and the output shaft of the sowing motor 13 is fixedly connected to the seeder shaft 7 through a coupling.

[0053] Furthermore, two electric drive wheel assemblies 14 are fixedly mounted on the vehicle body frame 1, and the two electric drive wheel assemblies 14 are used to control the movement of the vehicle body frame 1. Two driven wheels 15 are fixedly mounted on the vehicle body frame 1, and the driven wheels 15 are used to assist the electric drive wheel assemblies 14 in moving.

[0054] Furthermore, two IoT control devices are provided on the vehicle body frame 1, one of which is for controlling the transmission of messages and device information including motor speed, direction, and basic information of the device, and the other IoT control device is equipped with a camera, which is mainly used for the transmission of camera picture information.

[0055] Furthermore, a fertilization component 3 is installed on the vehicle body frame 1. The fertilization component 3 is used for uniform fertilization. The fertilization component 3 consists of a fertilizer distribution plate, a paddle, and a fertilizer wheel. The fertilizer distribution plate can adjust the amount of fertilizer by the paddle, and the fertilizer wheel rotation speed is controlled to ensure that it is separated from the seeds to prevent seed damage. The fertilization component 3 is a prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0056] Furthermore, a furrow opener 4 is fixedly installed at the front end of the vehicle body frame 1. The furrow opener 4 is used to open a seed furrow. The furrow opener 4 adopts an acute-angle furrow opener. This type of furrow opener has a simple structure, is easy to manufacture, and has good soil penetration performance. Its basic structure mainly includes: a blade, a bracket. The furrow opener 4 is a prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0057] Furthermore, a soil covering device 5 is installed on the lower surface of the rear end of the vehicle body frame 1. The soil covering device 5 is used to cover the seeds with soil. The soil covering mechanism is an important soil management tool. Its main components include a bracket and a triangular soil covering device. The bracket serves as a supporting structure of the system and provides a stable working environment for the soil covering process. The beveled edge on the side of the triangular soil covering device plays a role in soil aggregation. The soil covering device 5 is a prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0058] Furthermore, when in use, the electric drive wheel assembly 14 drives the furrow opener 4 on the vehicle frame 1 to open a seed furrow on the soil, and then the sowing motor 13 is started, and the output shaft of the scoop wheel 18 drives the scoop wheel 18 and the seeding disk 16 to rotate together through the seeder shaft 7, and the multiple hole scoops 19 on the scoop wheel 18 scoop up seeds from the seed pile at the bottom of the seeder fixed shell 17, and the excess seeds slide down under the action of their own gravity, completing the seed cleaning process, and only one seed is contained in the hole scoop 19, which continues to rotate with the scoop wheel 18 to the seed delivery gap 10 of the seed protection disk 20, enters the lentil seed position 8 of the seeding disk 16, and then continues to rotate with the seeding disk 16 to the seed drop port 11, discharges the seeds into the seed furrow, and then the fertilization assembly 3 will sprinkle the fertilizer into the seed furrow, and the provided soil cover 5 will cover the soil back into the seed furrow.

[0059] Furthermore, by setting up the scoop wheel type sowing mechanism 2, it is possible to sow large seeds and seeds of the opposite sex one by one into the soil without wasting seeds, and the seeds will not be damaged by the scooping type seeding disc, thereby ensuring the seed quality and improving the sowing accuracy.

[0060] Furthermore, by targeting the specific shape and size of lentils, the hole spoon, seed protection plate and spoon wheel are cleverly designed for lentils, which perfectly achieves accurate sowing of one seed at a time without damaging the seeds.

[0061] Furthermore, the main weight of the furrow opener is borne by the vehicle body frame 1, thereby ensuring the stability of the furrow opener during operation, and the sharp-angle furrow opener has a simple structure, reduces mechanical loss, improves work efficiency, and reduces energy consumption.

[0062] Furthermore, the IoT system includes TCP protocol and MQTT protocol, which are used to transmit control messages, device information and image streams. By setting up two IoT control devices, the real-time images can be transmitted to the computer through the camera and control chip on the car, so that people can control the movement of the seeder on the computer while watching the real-time images, thus freeing up labor.

[0063] Furthermore, the designed socket spoon is an intersecting surface formed by the intersection of an inclined cylindrical surface and a tetrahedron. After removing the intersection of the two, the surface formed on the tetrahedron is the inner surface of the socket spoon.

[0064] See also Fig. 9 To ensure that the seeds can enter the spoon hole smoothly during the seed filling process, the minimum radius of the cylinder should be greater than the maximum radius of the lentil seeds:

[0065] R 圆柱min >R 种子max

[0066] According to the data, the length of lentil seeds ranges from 6mm to 9mm. 圆柱min =5mm, this value should not be too large to ensure sowing accuracy.

[0067] The inclination angle between the cylinder and the vertical spoon wheel surface is the key to the seed sliding to the seed delivery port. Under the action of gravity, the seed enters the seed delivery port along the inclined cylindrical surface. In this process, the seed needs to overcome the friction with the hole spoon, so:

[0068] arctan μ 种勺 =θ

[0069] μ 种勺 Represents the dynamic friction coefficient of the seed spoon. In fact, when the lentil seeds move, they first need to overcome the static friction, so the static friction should be calculated in the actual calculation.

[0070] Table 2 Dynamic and static friction coefficient between white resin and lentils

[0071]

[0072] Table 2 Dynamic and static friction coefficient between white resin and lentil After calculation, when the seed spoon is made of white resin, θ=25.7°, the lentil seeds can slide smoothly to the seed delivery port. In order to reserve a certain cyst space, θ=30° is taken.

[0073] Parameter design of spoon wheel:

[0074] The main parameters of the spoon wheel are the spoon wheel diameter D and the number of circumferentially arranged seed spoons Z. Determining the diameter of the spoon wheel will directly affect the size of the entire seed meter and the size of other ancillary parts. Determining the number of seed spoons will determine the working parameters of the seed meter such as rotation speed, plant spacing, etc.

[0075] The designed seeding disc is shown in the figure. The center line of each seed spoon is extended downward and tangent to the same circle with the center of the spoon wheel as the center. The spacing angle is α, then:

[0076] See also Figure 6 , Fig.10From the above formula, we can know that the spacing angle between the seed spoons decreases as the number of seed spoons increases. When the rotation speed is constant, more seeds are discharged when the spoon wheel rotates one circle; if the plant spacing remains unchanged, the lower the rotation speed required to sow the same amount of seeds, the higher the operating speed of the seeder.

[0077] It can be seen that the longer the time it takes for the spoon wheel to pass through the seed filling area, the better the seed filling effect. Therefore, when designing, we should try to consider whether increasing the seed filling time and increasing the diameter of the spoon wheel can improve the seed filling effect. The calculation is as follows:

[0078]

[0079] t is the time required for the spoon wheel to pass through the seed filling area, l c is the length of the seed filling area,

[0080] v0 is the linear velocity of the spoon wheel (m / s), l c is the length of the seed filling area,

[0081] n is the rotation speed of the spoon wheel (r / min);

[0082] γ is the angle of the seed filling area (°);

[0083] The above formula shows that increasing the diameter of the spoon wheel cannot increase the seed filling time of the seed meter, because the seed filling time t has nothing to do with the spoon wheel diameter but is only related to the rotation speed of the seed disk. Therefore, increasing the diameter of the spoon wheel cannot increase the seed filling time. Therefore, the diameter of the spoon wheel should be mainly considered in design in conjunction with the number of seed spoons. Therefore, combined with the plant spacing of lentils, we take the spoon wheel diameter D = 120mm and the number of seed spoons Z = 8.

[0084] In addition, considering that the spoon wheel disc needs to be fixed to the seed disc, three M8 countersunk threaded holes are designed on the spoon wheel disc, evenly distributed on the spoon wheel disc body.

[0085] Seed force analysis:

[0086] Seed cleaning process:

[0087] After the lentil seeds are filled in the filling area, there may be 0 to 2 seeds in the spoon hole. If there is no seed in the spoon hole, it is an empty hole; if there is a seed in the spoon hole, the seed will not go through the seed cleaning process; if there are two seeds in the spoon hole, one of them will be moved out of the spoon hole under the action of the combined forces. This process is called seed cleaning.

[0088] Taking into account the complex shape of the spoon pit and the uncertainty of the contact surface between the spoon pit and the surface of the lentil seed, it is not possible to directly study the force applied by the spoon pit on the lentil seed when conducting force analysis on the lentil seed. Therefore, the concept of equivalent inclined plane is introduced, and the movement of the lentil seed in the spoon pit is assumed to be the movement on the equivalent inclined plane. The force conditions during seed cleaning are shown in the figure.

[0089] See also Fig.11 :

[0090] According to the trigonometric relationship:

[0091]

[0092]

[0093] Force analysis of lentil seeds: decompose each force along the direction parallel to the equivalent inclined plane and the direction perpendicular to the equivalent inclined plane. The components of gravity in the two directions are G1 and G2 respectively. Then:

[0094] G1=mgsinα

[0095] G2=mgcosα

[0096] The centrifugal force is decomposed in two opposite directions, namely F1 and F2, then:

[0097] F1=mω 2 rcosβ

[0098] F2=mω 2 rsinβ

[0099] Support:

[0100] F N =G2-F2

[0101] Friction:

[0102] f=μF N

[0103] It is easy to know that if the seed metering device is to successfully complete the seed clearing process, it must:

[0104] G1>F1+f

[0105] Solve and simplify the above formula:

[0106] mgsinα>mω 2 rcosβ+μ(mgcosα-mω 2 rsinβ)

[0107]

[0108]

[0109] The ratio of the operating speed at which the qualified rate of lentil grains reaches 85% to the critical speed is called the critical speed utilization coefficient and is represented by K. The maximum applicable speed of the seed meter is:

[0110]

[0111] Explanation of symbols:

[0112] G is the gravity on the lentil seeds; F N is the supporting force on the lentil seeds; F is the centrifugal force on the lentil seeds; f is the friction force on the lentil seeds; α is the angle between the imaginary equivalent inclined plane and the horizontal plane; β is the angle between the imaginary equivalent inclined plane and the line connecting the center of gravity of the lentil seeds to the center of the spoon wheel; φ is the angle between the line connecting the center of gravity of the lentil seeds to the center of the spoon wheel and the horizontal plane; O is the center of the wheel.

[0113] Seeding process:

[0114] After passing through the seed clearing area, the spoon wheel carries the only seed to the seed delivery area. The process of the seed entering the seed guide plate through the seed delivery port on the seed protection plate is called seed delivery. The opening angle of the seed delivery port will directly affect the success rate of seed delivery. Similar to the analysis of the seed clearing process, the spoon nest is simplified into an equivalent inclined plane and then the force analysis is performed. From the moment the seed is about to enter the seed delivery port, the seed is subjected to gravity G, centrifugal force F, and friction f. The various forces are decomposed along the direction of the seed entering the seed delivery port and the direction of the positive pressure on the spoon nest. The components of gravity in the two directions are G1 and G2 respectively, then:

[0115] G1=mgcosθ

[0116] G2=mgsinθ

[0117] The centrifugal force is decomposed in the opposite directions of the above two directions, namely F1 and F2, then:

[0118] F1=mω 2 rcosθ

[0119] F2=mω 2 rsinθ

[0120] Support:

[0121] F N =G1-F1

[0122] Friction:

[0123] f=μF N

[0124] See also Fig.12, it can be seen from the analysis that the seeds will move under the combined force of gravity in the falling direction, centrifugal force in the opposite direction of the falling direction, and friction. According to Newton's second law:

[0125] G2-F2-f=ma

[0126] G1>F1+f

[0127] Solve and simplify the above formula:

[0128] mgsinα>mω 2 rcosβ+μ(mgcosα-mω 2 rsinβ)

[0129] a=(g-ω 2 r)(sinθ-μcosθ)

[0130] Only analyzing the falling direction of the seeds along the spoon hole, the seeds will perform parabolic motion under the action of the above-mentioned combined force. Then, assuming that the seed length is l, the time for all the seeds to enter the seed delivery port can be calculated. Assuming that the time is t, according to the principle of parabolic motion:

[0131]

[0132] Simplify the above formula:

[0133]

[0134] The angle of the delivery port is:

[0135]

[0136] According to the shape and size of lentil seeds measured in the early stage, the seed length l = 9mm, θ = 30°, and the different values ​​of the seed delivery angle when the spoon wheel speed is different are calculated. The results are shown in Table 1:

[0137] Table 1 Correspondence between rotation speed and seed opening angle

[0138]

[0139] Table 1 Correspondence between rotation speed and seeding port angle As can be seen from Table 1, the seeding port angle increases with the increase of the spoon wheel rotation speed. In order to meet a larger range of rotation speed changes, the angle should be as large as possible. Therefore, we selected the seeding port angle as 40°.

[0140] Working principle: when in use, the electric drive wheel assembly 14 drives the furrow opener 4 on the vehicle frame 1 to open a seed furrow on the soil, and then the sowing motor 13 is started, and the output shaft of the scoop wheel 18 drives the scoop wheel 18 and the seeding disk 16 to rotate together through the seeder shaft 7, and the multiple hole scoops 19 on the scoop wheel 18 scoop up seeds from the seed pile at the bottom of the fixed shell 17 of the seeder, and the excess seeds slide down under the action of their own gravity to complete the seed cleaning process. Only one seed is placed in the hole scoop 19, and the scoop wheel 18 continues to rotate to the seed delivery gap 10 of the seed protection disk 20, enters the lentil seed position 8 of the seeding disk 16, and then continues to rotate to the seed drop port 11 with the seeding disk 16 to discharge the seeds into the seed furrow, and then the fertilization assembly 3 will sprinkle the fertilizer into the seed furrow, and the provided soil cover 5 will cover the soil back to the seed furrow.

[0141] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high-precision spoon wheel seeding device, characterized in that: The vehicle comprises a vehicle frame (1), a scoop wheel sowing mechanism (2) is arranged on the vehicle frame (1), the scoop wheel sowing mechanism (2) is used for evenly discharging seeds, the scoop wheel sowing mechanism (2) comprises a sowing device fixed shell (17), the sowing device fixed shell (17) is fixedly connected to the vehicle frame (1), a seed protection disk (20) is arranged in the sowing device fixed shell (17), and a seed delivery notch (10) is provided on the seed protection disk (20); A single-hole adjustment ear (21) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the seed protection plate (20), a multi-hole adjustment plate (6) adapted to the single-hole adjustment ear (21) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the seeder fixed shell (17), and a screw for adjusting the angular position of the seed delivery notch (10) is arranged between the multi-hole adjustment plate (6) and the single-hole adjustment ear (21); A scoop wheel (18) is rotatably connected in a fixed shell (17) of the seeder, a plurality of hole scoops (19) are fixedly connected to the scoop wheel (18), the hole scoops (19) are arranged obliquely toward the seed protection disk (20), and the plurality of hole scoops (19) are evenly arranged in a circular array, and a seeding disk (16) is rotatably connected in the vehicle body frame (1); A plurality of lentil seed positions (8) are provided on the seeding plate (16), and the plurality of lentil seed positions (8) are evenly arranged in a circular array. The seed protection plate (20) is located between the seeding plate (16) and the hole spoon (19).

2. A high-precision spoon wheel seeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the fixed shell (17) of the seeder is provided with a seed drop opening (11) adapted to the lentil seed position (8), and the seed drop opening (11) is used for the seeds to fall into the soil. The fixed shell (17) of the seeder is provided with a transparent shell cover (12), and the transparent shell cover (12) is fixedly connected with a feed elbow (9), and the feed elbow (9) is used for placing the seeds.

3. A high-precision spoon wheel seeding device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The vehicle body frame (1) is rotatably connected to a seeder shaft (7) via a bearing, the seeder shaft (7) is fixedly connected to a seeding disc (16) and a hole-shaped spoon (19), the seeder shaft (7) is used to drive the seeding disc (16) and the hole-shaped spoon (19) to rotate synchronously, and the vehicle body frame (1) is fixedly connected to a sowing motor (13), the output shaft of the sowing motor (13) and the seeder shaft (7) are fixedly connected via a coupling.

4. A high-precision spoon wheel seeding device according to claim 3, characterized in that: Two electric drive wheel assemblies (14) are fixedly mounted on the vehicle body frame (1), and the two electric drive wheel assemblies (14) are used to control the movement of the vehicle body frame (1). Two driven wheels (15) are fixedly mounted on the vehicle body frame (1), and the driven wheels (15) are used to assist the electric drive wheel assemblies (14) in moving.

5. A high-precision spoon wheel seeding device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The vehicle body frame (1) is provided with two Internet of Things control devices, one of which is used for the transmission of control messages and device information including motor speed, direction, and basic information of the device, and the other Internet of Things control device is provided with a camera, which is mainly used for the transmission of camera picture information.

6. A high-precision scoop wheel seeding device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A fertilizing assembly (3) is installed on the vehicle body frame (1), and the fertilizing assembly (3) is used for evenly applying fertilizer; A furrow opener (4) is fixedly mounted on the front end of the vehicle body frame (1), and the furrow opener (4) is used to open a seed furrow; A soil cover (5) is installed on the lower surface of the rear end of the vehicle body frame (1), and the soil cover (5) is used to cover the seeds with soil.

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