Fertilization control system based on fertilizer mixing prescription map recognition

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural automation, in particular to a fertilization control system based on mixed fertilizer prescription map recognition, which comprises a rack, a support frame and a mounting plate are arranged at the upper end of the rack, a P fertilizer box and a K fertilizer box are arranged between the support frame and the mounting plate, a servo motor is fixed on the inner wall of the support frame, and the servo motor is fixedly connected with a speed reducer. A bevel gear I is fixed at the output end of the speed reducer, a fertilizer discharging shaft is arranged at the bottoms of the fertilizer box P and the fertilizer box K, a bevel gear II is fixed on the outer wall of one end of the fertilizer discharging shaft, and the bevel gear I is in meshed connection with the bevel gear II; a depth wheel is arranged at the front end of the rack, a furrow opener is arranged at the lower end of a cross beam I at the front end of the rack, a covering device is arranged at the lower end of a cross beam II in the middle of the rack, a moldboard plow is arranged at the lower end of a cross beam III at the rear end of the rack, and a shaping roller is arranged at the rear end of the rack. According to the device, fertilization and ridging are integrated, the fertilization amount can be adjusted in real time through an intelligent control algorithm, variable fertilization is achieved, the fertilizer utilization efficiency is improved, fertilization is more accurate, the yield and quality of crops are improved, and the device is suitable for fields with non-uniform fertility distribution.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural automation, in particular to a fertilization control system based on mixed fertilizer prescription map recognition. Background Art

[0002] In agricultural production, fertilization refers to the agricultural technical measures of applying fertilizer to the soil or spraying it on plants to provide the required nutrients for plants and maintain and improve soil fertility; reasonable fertilization can increase the amount of organic matter and microorganisms in the soil, improve soil structure and permeability, improve soil fertility and water retention capacity, and thus increase the yield and quality of crops. However, due to differences in weather, crop varieties, and topography of farmland, the fertilization requirements of crops in different areas of the farmland are also different. If unified fertilizer allocation and fertilization are still carried out, it may cause inaccurate fertilization operations, thereby affecting the growth of crops and reducing the harvest effect of crops. At the same time, excessive fertilization will not only fail to effectively improve food production capacity, but will cause soil compaction, resulting in a decrease in land production capacity and damage to the agricultural production environment. The residual fertilizer in the soil will also flow into the river with the erosion of rainwater, causing eutrophication of water bodies, thereby causing agricultural non-point source pollution and environmental burden. Summary of the invention

[0003] The utility model aims to solve the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art and provides a fertilization control system based on mixed fertilizer prescription map recognition.

[0004] The utility model discloses a fertilization control system based on mixed fertilizer prescription map recognition, comprising a frame, an inverted U-shaped support frame is fixed to the middle of the upper end of the frame, a control box is fixed to the upper end of the support frame, mounting plates are respectively fixed to the left and right sides of the frame, a P fertilizer box and a K fertilizer box are respectively fixed longitudinally side by side between the support frame and the mounting plates on both sides, two servo motors are respectively longitudinally fixed side by side on the inner walls on the left and right sides of the support frame, the output end of each servo motor is respectively fixedly connected to the input end of a reducer, a bevel gear I is fixed to the output end of the reducer, and a row of servo motors at the bottom of the P fertilizer box and the K fertilizer box are respectively fixed to the output end of the reducer. A fertilizer discharge shaft is rotatably connected at the fertilizer outlet, a bevel gear II is fixed on the outer wall of one end of the fertilizer discharge shaft, the bevel gear I is meshed and connected with the bevel gear II, and the other end of the fertilizer discharge shaft is rotatably connected to the mounting plate; limited depth wheels are rotatably connected to the left and right sides of the front end of the frame, a plurality of furrow openers are evenly spaced at the lower end of the cross beam I at the front end of the frame, a soil coverer is fixed at the lower end of the cross beam II in the middle of the frame and the rear end of the furrow opener, a plurality of moldboard plows are evenly spaced at the lower end of the cross beam III at the rear end of the frame, support rods are fixed to the left and right sides of the rear end of the frame, and a plurality of shaping rollers are rotatably arranged side by side between the two support rods.

[0005] As a further improvement of the utility model, at the lower ends of the P fertilizer box and the K fertilizer box, two or more fertilizer discharge ports are evenly spaced apart, and at the lower ends of the fertilizer discharge ports, fertilizer discharge pipes I and II are respectively provided, and the lower ends of the fertilizer discharge pipes I and II at the same position are respectively connected to the fertilizer discharge box, and a main fertilizer discharge pipe is provided at the lower end of the fertilizer discharge box, and the main fertilizer discharge pipe is placed between the furrow opener and the soil coverer.

[0006] As a further improvement of the utility model, photoelectric sensors are respectively provided in the fertilizer discharge pipe I and the fertilizer discharge pipe II.

[0007] As a further improvement of the utility model, the system also includes a fertilization prescription map control system and a servo motor control system. The fertilization prescription map control system includes a host computer, a ground speed radar sensor and a GPS periodic device. The host computer is arranged in the tractor cab, and the ground speed radar sensor and the GPS periodic device are fixed on the frame; the servo motor control system includes a lower computer, a servo motor driver, a servo motor and a fertilizer discharge shaft. The lower computer and the servo motor driver are arranged in a control box.

[0008] The utility model discloses a fertilization control system based on the recognition of mixed fertilizer prescription map, which has a reasonable structural design and realizes the integration of fertilization and ridging. It can adjust the amount of fertilizer in real time according to the needs of different crops and the characteristics of the soil by using an intelligent control algorithm, thereby realizing variable fertilization and ensuring that each plot of land gets just the right nutrient supply, maximizing the efficiency of fertilizer utilization, making fertilization more accurate, ensuring that plants get proper nutrients, and improving the yield and quality of crops, which helps to reduce fertilizer use, reduce environmental burden, and improve economic benefits, etc. It is suitable for fields with uneven fertility distribution. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] Figure 1 It is a side view of the utility model;

[0010] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the servo motor control system of the utility model. Implementation

[0011] The utility model discloses a fertilization control system based on mixed fertilizer prescription map recognition, comprising a frame 1, an inverted U-shaped support frame is fixed to the middle part of the upper end of the frame 1, a control box 2 is fixed to the upper end of the support frame, mounting plates are respectively fixed to the left and right sides of the frame 1, a P fertilizer box 3 and a K fertilizer box 4 are respectively fixed longitudinally side by side between the support frame and the mounting plates on both sides, two servo motors 5 are respectively fixed longitudinally side by side on the inner walls on the left and right sides of the support frame, the output end of each of the servo motors 5 is respectively fixedly connected to the input end of a reducer 6, a bevel gear I is fixed to the output end of the reducer 6, fertilizer discharge shafts 7 are respectively rotatably connected at the fertilizer discharge ports at the bottom of the P fertilizer box 3 and the K fertilizer box 4, a bevel gear II is fixed to the outer wall of one end of the fertilizer discharge shaft 7, the bevel gear I is meshedly connected with the bevel gear II, and the other end of the fertilizer discharge shaft 7 is rotatably connected to the mounting plate.

[0012] Limited depth wheels 8 are rotatably connected to the left and right sides of the front end of the frame 1, and a plurality of furrow openers 9 are evenly spaced at the lower end of the cross beam I at the front end of the frame 1. A soil cover 10 is fixed at the lower end of the cross beam II in the middle of the frame 1 and the rear end of the furrow opener 9. A plurality of moldboard plows 11 are evenly spaced at the lower end of the cross beam III at the rear end of the frame 1. Support rods 12 are fixed to the left and right sides of the rear end of the frame 1, and a plurality of shaping rollers 13 are rotatably arranged side by side between the two support rods 12.

[0013] At the lower ends of the P fertilizer box 3 and the K fertilizer box 4, more than two fertilizer discharge ports are evenly spaced apart, and at the lower ends of the fertilizer discharge ports at the lower ends of the P fertilizer box 3 and the K fertilizer box 4, fertilizer discharge pipes I14 and II15 are respectively provided. Photoelectric sensors are respectively provided in the fertilizer discharge pipes I14 and II15, and the photoelectric sensors can monitor whether the fertilizer discharge pipes are blocked by fertilizer; the lower ends of the fertilizer discharge pipes I14 and II15 at the same position are respectively connected to the fertilizer discharge box 16, and the lower end of the fertilizer discharge box 16 is provided with a main fertilizer discharge pipe 17, and the main fertilizer discharge pipe 17 is placed between the furrow opener 9 and the soil cover 10.

[0014] The utility model discloses a fertilization control system based on mixed fertilizer prescription map recognition, which also includes a fertilization prescription map control system and a servo motor control system. The fertilization prescription map control system includes a host computer, a ground speed radar sensor and a GPS periodic device. The host computer is arranged in the tractor cab, and the ground speed radar sensor and the GPS periodic device are fixed on the frame 1; the servo motor control system includes a lower computer, a servo motor driver, a servo motor 5 and a fertilizer discharge shaft 7. The lower computer and the servo motor driver are arranged in the control box 2.

[0015] A fertilization control system based on mixed fertilizer prescription map recognition in the utility model:

[0016] A mixed fertilizer prescription map is generated based on the P and K fertilizers required by the plants to be sown and the soil data, remote sensing data, yield data and field environment data of the fertilized land over the years. The prescription map is input into the host computer, and the vehicle-mounted GPS locator is used to obtain the current real-time position and the ground speed radar sensor is used to measure the speed. The host computer calculates the servo motor speed based on the current vehicle speed and prescription map information and transmits it to the lower computer. After the lower computer receives the servo motor speed signal from the host computer, it transmits the servo motor speed signal to the servo motor driver, matches the servo motor speed through the servo motor driver, drives the fertilizer discharge shaft to discharge fertilizer, and transmits the speed data back to the lower computer; during the fertilization process, the photoelectric sensor will transmit the monitored data to the host computer, and the host computer will receive the data for analysis and monitor all fertilizer discharge ports.

Claims

1. A fertilization control system based on mixed fertilizer prescription map recognition, comprising a frame (1), characterized in that An inverted U-shaped support frame is fixed to the middle of the upper end of the frame (1), a control box (2) is fixed to the upper end of the support frame, mounting plates are fixed to the left and right sides of the frame (1), a P fertilizer box (3) and a K fertilizer box (4) are respectively fixed longitudinally side by side between the support frame and the mounting plates on both sides, two servo motors (5) are respectively fixed longitudinally side by side on the inner walls on the left and right sides of the support frame, the output end of each servo motor (5) is respectively fixedly connected to the input end of the reducer (6), a bevel gear I is fixed to the output end of the reducer (6), and a fertilizer discharge shaft (7) is rotatably connected to the fertilizer discharge port at the bottom of the P fertilizer box (3) and the K fertilizer box (4), and a fertilizer discharge shaft (7) is provided at the inner wall of the left and right sides of the support frame. A bevel gear II is fixed on the outer wall at one end, the bevel gear I is meshed and connected with the bevel gear II, and the other end of the fertilizer discharge shaft (7) is rotatably connected to the mounting plate; limited depth wheels (8) are rotatably connected to the left and right sides of the front end of the frame (1), a plurality of furrow openers (9) are evenly spaced at the lower end of the cross beam I at the front end of the frame (1), a soil cover (10) is fixed at the lower end of the cross beam II in the middle of the frame (1) and the rear end of the furrow opener (9), a plurality of moldboard plows (11) are evenly spaced at the lower end of the cross beam III at the rear end of the frame (1), support rods (12) are fixed to the left and right sides of the rear end of the frame (1), and a plurality of shaping rollers (13) are rotatably arranged side by side between the two support rods (12).

2. A fertilization control system based on mixed fertilizer prescription map recognition according to claim 1, characterized in that at the lower ends of the P fertilizer box (3) and the K fertilizer box (4), two or more fertilizer discharge ports are evenly spaced, and at the lower ends of the fertilizer discharge ports, a fertilizer discharge pipe I (14) and a fertilizer discharge pipe II (15) are respectively provided, and the lower ends of the fertilizer discharge pipe I (14) and the fertilizer discharge pipe II (15) at the same position are respectively connected to the fertilizer discharge box (16), and the lower end of the fertilizer discharge box (16) is provided with a main fertilizer discharge pipe (17), and the main fertilizer discharge pipe (17) is placed between the furrow opener (9) and the soil cover (10).

3. A fertilization control system based on mixed fertilizer prescription map recognition according to claim 2, characterized in that photoelectric sensors are respectively provided in the fertilizer discharge pipe I (14) and the fertilizer discharge pipe II (15).

4. A fertilization control system based on mixed fertilizer prescription map recognition according to claim 1, characterized in that It also includes a fertilization prescription map control system and a servo motor control system. The fertilization prescription map control system includes a host computer, a ground speed radar sensor and a GPS periodic device. The host computer is arranged in the tractor cab, and the ground speed radar sensor and the GPS periodic device are fixed on the frame (1). The servo motor control system includes a lower computer, a servo motor driver, a servo motor (5) and a fertilizer discharge shaft (7). The lower computer and the servo motor driver are arranged in the control box (2).

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