Multi-middle-section drift mine system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a multi-middle-section gate way mine system. The multi-middle-section gate way mine system comprises an auxiliary slope ramp, a main slope ramp and an auxiliary slope ramp, the preparation chamber is communicated with the auxiliary slope ramp; each middle-section gate way is provided with a starting end and a tail end, the directions of the starting ends and the tail ends of every two adjacent middle-section gate ways are opposite, and the starting end of the lowermost one of the multiple middle-section gate ways communicates with the preparation chamber; the tail end of the lower one of every two adjacent middle-section gate ways is communicated with the initial end of the upper one of the two adjacent middle-section gate ways through the connection way, and the middle-section gate ways and the connection way are suitable for the full-face heading machine to pass through; and the dismantling chamber is respectively communicated with the auxiliary slope ramp and the tail end of the uppermost one of the plurality of middle-section gate ways. According to the embodiment of the utility model, the multi-middle-section drift mine system has the advantages of convenience in tunneling construction, high construction reliability, high construction efficiency, low deslagging difficulty and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of underground mine construction, in particular to a multi-middle-section horizontal tunnel mine system. Background Art

[0002] During the construction of underground mining, after the shaft construction is completed, it is necessary to turn to the development of the middle section of the horizontal tunnel.

[0003] In the related art, tunnel construction in metal or non-metal mines is carried out by drilling and blasting, which causes great disturbance to the surrounding rock and slows down the construction progress.

[0004] For this reason, some mines in the related technology use a tunnel boring machine excavation method for tunnel construction, which causes less disturbance to the surrounding rock than the drilling and blasting method. However, for mines that need to develop multiple mid-section horizontal tunnels, the construction efficiency is still poor. Utility Model Content

[0005] The utility model aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the utility model proposes a multi-middle-section horizontal tunnel mine system, which has the advantages of convenient excavation construction, strong construction reliability, high construction efficiency, and low slag discharge difficulty.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, according to an embodiment of the utility model, a multi-middle-section horizontal tunnel mining system is proposed, and the multi-middle-section horizontal tunnel mining system includes: an auxiliary ramp; a preparation chamber, the preparation chamber is connected to the auxiliary ramp, and the preparation chamber is suitable for assembling a full-section tunneling machine; multiple middle-section horizontal tunnels, multiple middle-section horizontal tunnels are arranged at intervals in the up and down directions, each of the middle-section horizontal tunnels has a starting end and a tail end, and the directions of the starting end and the tail end of two adjacent middle-section horizontal tunnels are opposite, the starting end of the lowest one of the multiple middle-section horizontal tunnels is connected to the preparation chamber, and the tail end of the lowest one of each two adjacent middle-section horizontal tunnels is connected to the starting end of the highest one through a connecting road, and the middle-section horizontal tunnel and the connecting road are both suitable for the full-section tunneling machine to pass through; a dismantling chamber, the dismantling chamber is suitable for dismantling the full-section tunneling machine, and the dismantling chamber is respectively connected to the auxiliary ramp and the tail end of the highest one of the multiple middle-section horizontal tunnels.

[0007] The multi-middle-section horizontal tunnel mining system according to the embodiment of the utility model has the advantages of convenient excavation construction, strong construction reliability, high construction efficiency, and low slag discharge difficulty.

[0008] In addition, the multi-middle-section horizontal tunnel mining system according to the above embodiment of the utility model may also have the following additional technical features:

[0009] According to one embodiment of the utility model, the preparation chamber includes an assembly chamber, a stepping chamber and a starting chamber, the assembly chamber is suitable for assembling the full-face tunnel boring machine, the assembly chamber is connected to the auxiliary ramp, the stepping chamber is located between the assembly chamber and the starting chamber, and the full-face tunnel boring machine is suitable for passing through the stepping chamber and the starting chamber.

[0010] According to one embodiment of the utility model, the upper surfaces of the assembly chamber and the step chamber are three-center arches, the cross-section of the starting chamber perpendicular to the length direction is circular, the height of the assembly chamber is greater than the height of the step chamber and the width of the assembly chamber is greater than the width of the step chamber, the height and width of the step chamber are both greater than the diameter of the starting chamber, the length of the step chamber is greater than the length of the assembly chamber, the length of the assembly chamber is greater than the length of the starting chamber, the height of the disassembly chamber is less than the height of the assembly chamber and the width of the disassembly chamber is less than the width of the assembly chamber, the height of the disassembly chamber is greater than the height of the step chamber and the width of the disassembly chamber is less than the width of the assembly chamber.

[0011] According to one embodiment of the utility model, the multi-mid-section horizontal tunnel mining system also includes a slag discharge system, which is suitable for transporting the slag generated during the excavation process of the full-section tunneling machine to the surface. The slag discharge system includes a rail shuttle car, a belt conveyor device and a mining truck. The rail shuttle car is arranged in the mid-section horizontal tunnel, the belt conveyor device is arranged in the connecting road, and the mining truck is suitable for transporting the slag in the preparation chamber to the surface through the auxiliary ramp.

[0012] According to one embodiment of the utility model, the multi-middle-section horizontal tunnel mining system further includes a slag chute, the slag chute connects two adjacent middle-section horizontal tunnels, and the slag chute is suitable for the slag and stone to pass through.

[0013] According to an embodiment of the utility model, each of the connecting roads extends from the connected lower middle level tunnel in a spiral shape with a slope of less than 15 degrees to the upper middle level tunnel.

[0014] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description, and in part will become apparent from the following description, or will be learned through the practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0016] Figure 1It is a structural schematic diagram of a multi-middle-section horizontal tunnel mining system according to an embodiment of the utility model.

[0017] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of an assembly chamber of a multi-mid-section horizontal tunnel mining system according to an embodiment of the utility model.

[0018] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of a stepping chamber of a multi-mid-section horizontal tunnel mining system according to an embodiment of the utility model.

[0019] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of the starting chamber of a multi-mid-section horizontal tunnel mining system according to an embodiment of the utility model.

[0020] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional view of a disassembled chamber of a multi-mid-section horizontal tunnel mining system according to an embodiment of the utility model.

[0021] Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional view of a middle-section horizontal tunnel of a multi-middle-section horizontal tunnel mining system according to an embodiment of the utility model.

[0022] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of a slag discharge system of a multi-middle-section horizontal tunnel mining system according to an embodiment of the utility model.

[0023] Figure 8 It is a flow chart of a method for continuous construction of multiple middle-section horizontal tunnels in a mine according to an embodiment of the utility model.

[0024] Figure numerals: multi-middle-section horizontal tunnel mining system 1, auxiliary ramp 10, preparation chamber 20, assembly chamber 21, stepping chamber 22, starting chamber 23, middle-section horizontal tunnel 30, filling pipe 31, compressed air pipe 32, water supply pipe 33, ditch 34, casting base 35, connecting road 40, dismantling chamber 50, slag discharge system 60, rail shuttle car 61, belt conveyor 62, mining truck 63, gantry crane 71, lifting beam 72, track 80, full-section tunneling machine 2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] This application is based on the discovery and recognition of the following facts and problems by the utility model applicant:

[0026] In the related art, tunnel construction in metal or non-metal mines is carried out by drilling and blasting, which causes great disturbance to the surrounding rock and slows down the construction progress.

[0027] For this reason, some mines in the related technology use a tunnel boring machine excavation method for tunnel construction, which causes less disturbance to the surrounding rock than the drilling and blasting method. However, for mines that need to develop multiple mid-section horizontal tunnels, the construction efficiency is still poor.

[0028] In the related technology, for mines that need to develop multiple middle-level tunnels, the excavation construction method is to excavate each middle-level tunnel independently, which requires frequent disassembly and reassembly of excavation equipment, seriously affecting construction efficiency.

[0029] In addition, if a tunnel boring machine is used to continuously excavate multiple middle-level tunnels, the tunnel boring equipment only has one starting chamber, and the slag and rock produced during the excavation of multiple middle-level tunnels can only be transported to the surface through the starting chamber. As the construction progresses, the transportation distance of the slag and rock gradually increases. In addition, the transportation methods that can be used are limited due to the limitation of underground space, which makes it difficult to remove the slag.

[0030] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0031] In the description of the present utility model, it is necessary to understand that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present utility model. In addition, features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present utility model, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0032] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0033] The following describes a multi-mid-section horizontal tunnel mining system 1 according to an embodiment of the utility model with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] like Figure 1-Figure 8As shown, the multi-mid-section horizontal tunnel mining system 1 according to the embodiment of the utility model includes an auxiliary ramp 10, a preparation chamber 20, a plurality of mid-section horizontal tunnels 30 and a dismantling chamber 50.

[0035] The preparation chamber 20 is connected to the auxiliary ramp 10, and the preparation chamber 20 is suitable for assembling a full-face tunnel boring machine (TBM) 2. Multiple middle-section tunnels 30 are arranged at intervals in the up-down direction (the up-down direction is shown by the arrows in the figure), each middle-section tunnel 30 has a starting end and a tail end, and the directions of the starting end and the tail end of two adjacent middle-section tunnels 30 are opposite. The starting end of the lowest one of the multiple middle-section tunnels 30 is connected to the preparation chamber 20, and the tail end of the lowest one of each two adjacent middle-section tunnels 30 is connected to the starting end of the highest one through a connecting road 40, and the middle-section tunnel 30 and the connecting road 40 are both suitable for the passage of the full-face tunnel boring machine 2. The disassembly chamber 50 is suitable for disassembling the full-face tunnel boring machine 2, and the disassembly chamber 50 is respectively connected to the auxiliary ramp 10 and the tail end of the highest one of the multiple middle-section tunnels 30.

[0036] Specifically, a plurality of middle-section drifts 30 and connecting roads 40 are constructed to be formed by excavation by the full-face tunneling machine 2 .

[0037] What needs to be understood here is that Figure 1 It can be understood as a schematic diagram in a top-down view, in which the middle tunnel 30 of the dotted line part is located below the middle tunnel 30 of the solid line part, arrow a in the figure is the excavation direction, and arrow b is the slag discharge direction.

[0038] During the construction of the multi-mid-section horizontal tunnel mining system 1, the disassembled full-face tunnel boring machine 2 can be first transported to the preparation chamber 20 through the auxiliary ramp 10, and the full-face tunnel boring machine 2 can be assembled in the preparation chamber 20. After that, the full-face tunnel boring machine 2 is used to continuously excavate multiple mid-section horizontal tunnels 30 and the connecting road 40 connecting two adjacent mid-section horizontal tunnels 30 until the construction of all the mid-section horizontal tunnels 30 is completed. Finally, it is driven into the disassembly chamber 50 for disassembly and transported to the surface from the auxiliary ramp 10.

[0039] The slag generated during the excavation process can be transported to the preparation chamber 20 and transported to the surface through the auxiliary ramp 10. The slag generated when excavating the upper middle level tunnel 30 can be transported from top to bottom in the direction of gravity to the lowest middle level tunnel 30 and then transported to the preparation chamber 20 and transported out of the ground, avoiding the long-distance transportation of slag in the direction of overcoming gravity in the tunnel excavation with limited space.

[0040] What needs to be understood here is that the relevant technology adopts a method of independently excavating and constructing multiple middle-section horizontal tunnels. The multiple middle-section horizontal tunnels are not connected end to end through connecting roads, and the passages used to connect the middle-section horizontal tunnels are not excavated by full-section tunnel boring machines, and are not suitable for full-section tunnel boring machines to pass through.

[0041] According to the multi-middle-section horizontal tunnel mining system 1 of the embodiment of the utility model, by setting up the preparation chamber 20 and the machine dismantling chamber 50, and the middle-section horizontal tunnel 30 and the connecting road 40 are suitable for the passage of the full-section tunneling machine 2, the full-section tunneling machine 2 can be used to carry out tunneling construction on the middle-section horizontal tunnel 30 and the connecting road 40. Compared with the construction method using the drilling and blasting method in the related technology, the disturbance to the surrounding rock during the construction process can be reduced, and the construction reliability is higher.

[0042] Furthermore, by connecting the rear end of the lower one of each two adjacent middle-section level tunnels 30 with the initial end of the upper one through a connecting road 40, the full-face tunnel boring machine 2 can directly excavate to the initial end of the next middle-section level tunnel 30 after completing the excavation of one middle-section level tunnel 30, so that the full-face tunnel boring machine 2 can be used to continuously excavate multiple middle-section level tunnels 30 during the construction process. Compared with the method of independently excavating multiple middle-section level tunnels in related technologies, there is no need to frequently disassemble and assemble the full-face tunnel boring machine 2, thereby improving the construction efficiency of the multi-middle-section level tunnel mining system 1, accelerating the construction progress, and shortening the construction period.

[0043] In addition, since the preparation chamber 20 is connected to the lowest one among the multiple middle-section level tunnels 30, the full-section tunnel boring machine 2 can carry out excavation construction on the multiple middle-section level tunnels 30 in sequence from bottom to top. In this way, when excavating the upper middle-section level tunnel 30, the slag can be transported from top to bottom in the direction of gravity to the lowest middle-section level tunnel 30, and then transported to the preparation chamber 20 and transported out of the ground. In the tunnel excavation with limited space, the long-distance transportation of slag in the direction of overcoming gravity can be avoided, the difficulty of slag discharge is reduced, and the slag discharge during the construction process is facilitated.

[0044] Therefore, the multi-middle-section horizontal tunnel mining system 1 according to the embodiment of the utility model has the advantages of being easy to excavate, having strong construction reliability, high construction efficiency, and low difficulty in slag discharge.

[0045] The following describes a multi-mid-section horizontal tunnel mining system 1 according to a specific embodiment of the utility model with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0046] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, Figure 1-Figure 8 As shown, the multi-mid-section horizontal tunnel mining system 1 according to the embodiment of the utility model includes an auxiliary ramp 10, a preparation chamber 20, a plurality of mid-section horizontal tunnels 30 and a dismantling chamber 50.

[0047] Advantageously, if Figure 1-Figure 4As shown, the preparation chamber 20 includes an assembly chamber 21, a step chamber 22 and a starting chamber 23. The assembly chamber 21 is suitable for assembling the full-face tunnel boring machine 2. The assembly chamber 21 is connected to the auxiliary ramp 10. The step chamber 22 is located between the assembly chamber 21 and the starting chamber 23. The full-face tunnel boring machine 2 is suitable for passing through the step chamber 22 and the starting chamber 23. Specifically, since the full-face tunnel boring machine 2 itself has a large length, if the entire preparation chamber 20 is used as an assembly site, a large space is required, thereby increasing the construction difficulty of the preparation chamber 20. By dividing the preparation chamber 20 into the assembly chamber 21, the stepping chamber 22 and the starting chamber 23, the full-face tunnel boring machine 2 is first partially assembled in the assembly chamber 21, and then moves to the stepping chamber 22 and the starting chamber 23 by stepping, providing space for the unassembled part of the full-face tunnel boring machine 2, and assembling the subsequent part of the full-face tunnel boring machine 2 at the same time, until all the assemblies are completed and the final preparation before the start is carried out in the starting chamber 23. This makes it easier to assemble the full-face tunnel boring machine 2, reducing the space occupied by the preparation chamber 20 and the construction difficulty.

[0048] Specifically, Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, the upper surfaces of the assembly chamber 21 and the step chamber 22 are three-center arches, the cross section of the starting chamber 23 perpendicular to the length direction is circular, the height h1 of the assembly chamber 21 is greater than the height h2 of the step chamber 22, and the width d1 of the assembly chamber 21 is greater than the width d2 of the step chamber 22, the height h2 and the width d2 of the step chamber 22 are both greater than the diameter d3 of the starting chamber 23, and the step chamber 22 The length of the assembly chamber 21 is greater than the length of the starting chamber 23, the length of the assembly chamber 21 is greater than the length of the starting chamber 23, the height h4 of the disassembling chamber 50 is less than the height h1 of the assembly chamber 21, and the width d4 of the disassembling chamber 50 is less than the width d1 of the assembly chamber 21, the height h4 of the disassembling chamber 50 is greater than the height h2 of the stepping chamber 22, and the width d4 of the disassembling chamber 50 is less than the width d2 of the stepping chamber 22. This makes it easier to assemble and disassemble the full-face tunnel boring machine 2.

[0049] Specifically, the top of the auxiliary ramp 10 can be a three-center arch, the width of the straight road of the auxiliary ramp 10 is 3.8 meters, the height is 3.6 meters, and the width of the curved road of the auxiliary ramp 10 is 4.4 meters, the height is 3.6 meters. Small parts such as the cutter head and shield of the disassembled full-section roadheader 2 can be transported to the preparation chamber 20 using a flatbed truck. For large-volume and overweight parts such as the main drive, since the cross-section of the auxiliary ramp 10 is small, a welding slipper tool can be used to fix it to the lower part of the equipment and then towed and transported to the preparation chamber 20 by a loader.

[0050] like Figure 2As shown, the total length of the preparation chamber 20 is 68 meters. The assembly chamber 21 is equipped with a gantry crane 71 for hoisting equipment. The assembly chamber 21 is 17 meters long, 8.5 meters wide, and 8.7 meters high, and the bottom is poured with concrete. Figure 3 As shown, the step chamber 22 is 2.2% downhill, the assembly chamber 21 is 43 meters long, 4.82 meters wide, and 4.35 meters high, with a concrete floor at the bottom and a track 80 arranged. Figure 4 As shown, the starting chamber 23 has a diameter of 3.65 meters and a length of 8 meters. A track 80 is arranged inside. The angle formed between the tracks 80 is 60 degrees. The track 80 in the starting chamber 23 is 7.5 meters long and 0.5 meters away from the tunnel face. Figure 5 As shown, the dismantling chamber 50 is 15 meters long, 6 meters wide and 8 meters high. A lifting beam 72 is pre-embedded on the upper surface of the dismantling chamber 50 for dismantling the full-section tunnel boring machine 2 in parts.

[0051] The diameter d5 of the full-face tunnel boring machine 2 is 3.53 meters, the tunneling section is a circular section with a diameter of 3.53 meters, and the turning radius is 30 meters.

[0052] More advantageously, if Figure 1 As shown, each connecting road 40 is spirally extended from the connected lower middle level tunnel 30 to the upper middle level tunnel 30 at a slope of less than 15 degrees. Specifically, the slope of the first 180 meters of each connecting road 40 during the excavation process is 3%, and the slope thereafter is 10%. This can facilitate the full-face tunnel boring machine 2 to excavate to the upper middle level tunnel 30 and reduce the space required for the connecting road 40.

[0053] Figure 7 A multi-mid-section horizontal tunnel mining system 1 according to some examples of the utility model is shown. Figure 7 As shown, the multi-middle-section horizontal tunnel mining system 1 also includes a slag discharge system 60, which is suitable for transporting the slag generated during the excavation of the full-face tunnel boring machine 2 to the surface. The slag discharge system 60 includes a rail shuttle 61, a belt conveyor 62 and a mining truck 63. The rail shuttle 61 is arranged in the middle-section horizontal tunnel 30, the belt conveyor 62 is arranged in the connecting road 40, and the mining truck 63 is suitable for transporting the slag in the preparation chamber 20 to the surface through the auxiliary ramp 10. Specifically, the slag generated during the excavation of the full-face tunnel boring machine 2 can be transported to the preparation chamber 20 by the rail shuttle 61 and the belt conveyor 62, and the slag in the preparation chamber 20 can be transported to the surface through the auxiliary ramp 10 by the mining truck 63. This can facilitate the slag discharge during the construction of the multi-middle-section horizontal tunnel mining system 1.

[0054] Advantageously, the multi-middle-section horizontal tunnel mining system 1 further comprises a slag chute, which is connected to two adjacent middle-section horizontal tunnels 30 and is suitable for the slag to pass through. In this way, the slag can be directly discharged to the middle-section horizontal tunnel 30 below through the slag chute by gravity, further facilitating slag discharge during the construction process.

[0055] Specifically, if Figure 6 As shown, during the excavation of the middle tunnel 30, other structures are laid simultaneously. A casting base 35 is cast at the bottom of the middle tunnel 30, and a track 80 is arranged on the casting base 35. The central axis of the track 80 is horizontally spaced a predetermined distance from the central axis of the middle tunnel 30. A ditch 34 is formed on one side of the casting base 35 for drainage. A filling pipe 31, a compressed air pipe 32 and a water supply pipe 33 are laid on the side wall of the middle tunnel 30.

[0056] The following describes a method for continuous construction of multiple middle-level tunnels in a mine according to an embodiment of the utility model. The mine has an auxiliary ramp, and the method for continuous construction of multiple middle-level tunnels in the mine includes the following steps:

[0057] S1, a construction preparation chamber, the preparation chamber is connected to the auxiliary ramp;

[0058] S2, transporting the disassembled full-face tunnel boring machine to the preparation chamber through the auxiliary ramp and assembling it;

[0059] S3, using the full-face tunnel boring machine to excavate a middle level tunnel;

[0060] S4, using the full-face tunnel boring machine to excavate to a predetermined starting point of the next middle-section horizontal tunnel, and forming a connecting road during the excavation process;

[0061] S5, using the full-face tunnel boring machine to excavate the next middle level tunnel;

[0062] S6, repeating steps S4 and S5 until the excavation of all the middle level tunnels is completed;

[0063] S7, constructing a dismantling chamber, wherein the dismantling chamber is connected to the last middle level tunnel and the auxiliary ramp respectively;

[0064] S8, driving the full-face tunnel boring machine to the disassembly chamber for disassembly and transporting it out through the auxiliary ramp.

[0065] According to the method for continuous construction of multiple middle-section horizontal tunnels in a mine in an embodiment of the utility model, by using a full-section tunneling machine to carry out excavation construction on the middle-section horizontal tunnel, compared with the construction method using the drilling and blasting method in the related technology, the disturbance to the surrounding rock during the construction process can be reduced, and the construction reliability is higher.

[0066] Moreover, by enabling the full-face tunnel boring machine to directly excavate to the predetermined starting position of the next middle-section tunnel after completing the excavation construction of one middle-section tunnel and forming a connecting road during the excavation process, compared with the independent excavation method of multiple middle-section tunnels in related technologies, continuous excavation of the full-face tunnel boring machine can be achieved without frequent disassembly and assembly of the full-face tunnel boring machine, thereby improving the construction efficiency of the continuous construction method of multiple middle-section tunnels in the mine, accelerating the construction progress and shortening the construction period.

[0067] The method for continuous construction of multiple middle-section horizontal tunnels in a mine according to the embodiment of the utility model has the advantages of strong construction reliability and high construction efficiency.

[0068] Advantageously, the plurality of middle-section lanes are excavated sequentially from bottom to top. Thus, when the upper middle-section lane is excavated, the slag can be transported from top to bottom in the direction of gravity to the lowest middle-section lane, and then transported to the preparation chamber and transported out to the surface, thus avoiding the long-distance transportation of slag in the direction of overcoming gravity in the tunnel excavation with limited space, reducing the difficulty of slag discharge, and facilitating slag discharge during construction.

[0069] Optionally, the preparation chamber and the dismantling chamber are both formed by drilling and blasting, which can facilitate the construction of the preparation chamber and the dismantling chamber.

[0070] Specifically, in step S3, the slag generated by the full-face tunnel boring machine in the process of excavating the middle level tunnel is transported to the assembly chamber by a rail shuttle car, the slag in the assembly chamber is transported to a mining truck by a belt conveyor, and the mining truck transports the slag to the surface through the auxiliary ramp; in step S4, the slag generated by the full-face tunnel boring machine in the process of excavating the connecting road is transported to the rail shuttle car of the middle level tunnel before the connecting road by a belt conveyor, the rail shuttle car transports the slag to the assembly chamber, and the slag in the assembly chamber is transported to the surface through the auxiliary ramp. The belt conveyor is used to transport the slag to the mining truck, which transports the slag to the surface through the auxiliary ramp. In step S5, the slag generated by the full-face tunnel boring machine during the excavation of the middle-section horizontal tunnel is transported to the middle-section horizontal tunnel below through the belt conveyor in the connecting road and / or the chute connecting the upper and lower middle-section horizontal tunnels, until the slag reaches the lowest middle-section horizontal tunnel and is transported to the assembly chamber by the rail shuttle, and the slag in the assembly chamber is transported to the mining truck through the belt conveyor, and the mining truck transports the slag to the surface through the auxiliary ramp. This can facilitate slag discharge during construction, reduce the difficulty of slag discharge, and increase the slag discharge speed.

[0071] Specifically, during the construction process, in order to adapt to the limitations of full-face tunnel boring machines in adverse geological conditions, "enhanced advanced geological forecasting" is adopted, and it is managed as a process in the adverse geological section. Corresponding technical measures are taken for different adverse geological conditions:

[0072] For weak and broken surrounding rock, adjust appropriate excavation parameters, and strengthen tunnel inspection and support; for larger-scale unfavorable geological sections, strengthen advanced geological forecasts, and strengthen tunnel support in a timely manner after construction is completed; if collapse occurs in the shield area due to geological reasons, slow down the cutter head rotation speed and advancement speed during excavation to reduce surrounding rock disturbance, and promptly remove collapsed materials in the shield area due to geological reasons. After the surrounding rock leaves the shield, strengthen temporary support through anchor net spraying support. For areas with larger collapse cavities, use temporary support such as steel sections and then adopt support methods such as anchor net spraying and pouring integral concrete.

[0073] In the event of large-scale underground water gushing during underground construction, drainage measures are implemented to drain the water to the tail of the equipment to ensure the safety of the equipment.

[0074] Other structures and operations of the multi-mid-section horizontal tunnel mining system 1 according to the embodiment of the utility model are known to ordinary technicians in the field and will not be described in detail here.

[0075] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the utility model. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0076] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multi-middle-stage horizontal tunnel mining system, characterized in that: include: Auxiliary ramps; A preparation chamber, the preparation chamber being in communication with the auxiliary ramp, and the preparation chamber being suitable for assembling a full-face tunnel boring machine; A plurality of middle-section level tunnels, wherein the plurality of middle-section level tunnels are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction, each of the middle-section level tunnels has a starting end and a tail end, and the starting end and tail end of two adjacent middle-section level tunnels are in opposite directions, the starting end of the lowest one of the plurality of middle-section level tunnels is connected to the preparation chamber, and the tail end of the lower one of each two adjacent middle-section level tunnels is connected to the starting end of the upper one through a connecting road, and the middle-section level tunnels and the connecting road are both suitable for the full-face tunnel boring machine to pass through; A dismantling chamber, wherein the dismantling chamber is suitable for dismantling the full-face tunneling machine, and the dismantling chamber is respectively connected to the auxiliary ramp and the tail end of the top one of the multiple middle-section horizontal tunnels.

2. The multi-middle-stage horizontal tunnel mining system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The preparation chamber includes an assembly chamber, a stepping chamber and a starting chamber. The assembly chamber is suitable for assembling the full-face tunnel boring machine. The assembly chamber is connected to the auxiliary ramp. The stepping chamber is located between the assembly chamber and the starting chamber. The full-face tunnel boring machine is suitable for passing through the stepping chamber and the starting chamber.

3. The multi-middle-stage horizontal tunnel mining system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The upper surfaces of the assembly chamber and the step chamber are three-center arches, the cross-section of the starting chamber perpendicular to the length direction is circular, the height of the assembly chamber is greater than the height of the step chamber and the width of the assembly chamber is greater than the width of the step chamber, the height and width of the step chamber are both greater than the diameter of the starting chamber, the length of the step chamber is greater than the length of the assembly chamber, the length of the assembly chamber is greater than the length of the starting chamber, the height of the disassembly chamber is less than the height of the assembly chamber and the width of the disassembly chamber is less than the width of the assembly chamber, the height of the disassembly chamber is greater than the height of the step chamber and the width of the disassembly chamber is less than the width of the assembly chamber.

4. The multi-middle-stage horizontal tunnel mining system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes a slag discharge system, which is suitable for transporting slag generated during the excavation process of the full-face tunneling machine to the surface. The slag discharge system includes a rail shuttle car, a belt conveyor device and a mining truck. The rail shuttle car is arranged in the middle level tunnel, the belt conveyor device is arranged in the connecting road, and the mining truck is suitable for transporting the slag in the preparation chamber to the surface through the auxiliary ramp.

5. The multi-middle-stage horizontal tunnel mining system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: It also includes a slag chute, which is connected to two adjacent middle-section level tunnels and is suitable for the slag and stone to pass through.

6. The multi-middle-stage horizontal tunnel mining system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the connecting roads extends from the connected lower middle level tunnel in a spiral shape with a slope of less than 15 degrees to the upper middle level tunnel.

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