Transmission with channel type gear spline pad lubricating structure

Abstract

The utility model relates to a speed changer with a channel type gear spline pad lubricating structure, and solves the problem that in the prior art, when a channel type overgear of a speed changer is changed into helical teeth from straight teeth, the channel type overgear is in extrusion friction with a spline pad and is poor in lubrication, so that the spline pad is ablated due to overheating of a contact surface. On the basis that the overall structure of an existing transmission is not changed, the gear oil hole and the corresponding gear oil groove are formed in the overgear gear; a gear ring oil groove is formed in the synchronizer combination gear ring, and an oil cavity structure is formed through a gear channel. Spline pad oil grooves are formed in the left and right end surfaces of the left spline pad. According to the utility model, the original parts of the transmission are processed, and the oil path for lubricating the spline pad is added by utilizing the gear channel structure, so that the contact surface of the spline pad and the gear is fully lubricated, and the problem of ablation of the spline pad due to poor lubrication is simply and reliably solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a transmission for a heavy truck, in particular to a transmission with a channel type gear spline pad lubrication structure. Background Art

[0002] As an important means of transportation, the traditional structural design of heavy-duty trucks is often based on functionality and economy, but not enough attention is paid to noise control. As people's requirements for noise become more and more stringent, traditional heavy-duty trucks can no longer meet the relevant needs. Therefore, it is necessary to study new heavy-duty truck structures to control the noise they generate. One design idea is to modify the transmission of heavy-duty trucks. Without adjusting the torque, speed ratio, fork position and external interface, the transmission gear is changed from a straight tooth design to a helical tooth design, thereby reducing noise while ensuring its original function.

[0003] However, in the transmission structure of the prior art, for machined gears, directly replacing the spur teeth of the gears with helical teeth will cause some new problems. For example, the helical overdrive gear will have an axial force, which often causes the gear to move and squeeze the spline pad, generating friction. However, the existing structure does not have an oil circuit design for the spline pad on the left side of the gear, and the lubricating oil can only contact the upper surface of the left spline pad in a small amount. When the overdrive gear and the left spline pad squeeze each other, it is difficult for the lubricating oil to fully enter the contact surface between the left spline pad and the gear inside the transmission, which causes the heat generated by friction to accumulate, and then causes the left spline pad to burn due to overheating of the contact surface.

[0004] Figure 1 It is a partial structural diagram of an existing heavy truck transmission, such as Figure 1 As shown, the overdrive gear 002 is sleeved on the main shaft 001; the left spline pad 004 and the right spline pad 005 are fixedly connected to the main shaft 001 through the key 006 and the groove on the main shaft 001 to limit the overdrive gear 002; the synchronizer combined with the ring gear 003 is spline connected to the overdrive gear 002, and the synchronizer hub 007 is spline connected to the main shaft 001.

[0005] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 2 It can be seen that for the left spline pad 004, there is only one oil path formed by the gap between the synchronous hub 007 and the synchronizer gear ring 003 on the upper left side, and another oil path formed by the gap between the overdrive gear 002 and the synchronizer gear ring 003. The lubricating oil can only contact the upper surface of the left spline pad 004 in small amounts through these two oil paths.

[0006] When the axial force of the overdrive gear 002 is to the left, the overdrive gear 002 will move to the left and squeeze the left spline pad 004. At this time, if there is a speed difference between the overdrive gear 002 and the left spline pad 004, friction will be generated on the contact surface between the two and heat will be generated. Since the left spline pad 004 is located inside the transmission, it is difficult for lubricating oil to enter the contact surface between the left spline pad 004 and the overdrive gear 002. If the left spline pad 004 is poorly lubricated, the heat generated by friction cannot be taken away in time, which will cause the contact surface between the two to overheat and burn the left spline pad 004. Utility Model Content

[0007] The utility model aims to solve the technical problem in the prior art that when the grooved gear of the transmission is changed from spur gear to helical gear, it rubs against the spline pad, causing the contact surface of the left spline pad to overheat and burn, and provides a transmission with a grooved gear spline pad lubrication structure.

[0008] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solutions provided by the utility model are as follows:

[0009] A transmission with a channel type gear spline pad lubrication structure, comprising a main shaft, an overdrive gear, a synchronizer combined gear ring, a left spline pad, a right spline pad, a key and a synchronous hub;

[0010] The overdrive gear sleeve is arranged on the main shaft, and its outer surface is provided with external splines, gear grooves and external teeth of helical gear structure from left to right, and the bottom of the gear groove is lower than the tooth groove of the external spline;

[0011] The synchronizer gear ring is sleeved on the external spline of the overdrive gear, and is provided with an internal spline that matches the external spline;

[0012] A groove is provided on the surface of the main shaft, and the key cooperates with the groove to fix the left spline pad and the right spline pad on the main shaft. The left spline pad and the right spline pad are respectively located on both sides of the overdrive gear and are used to limit the overdrive gear.

[0013] The synchronous hub is spline-connected to the main shaft, one side of which abuts against the left spline pad;

[0014] Its special features are:

[0015] At least two gear oil holes are arranged in the gear channel of the overdrive gear; a gear oil groove corresponding to the gear oil hole is arranged on the left side of the hub of the overdrive gear, and the gear oil groove is located on the side wall of the inner hole of the overdrive gear and is connected to the gear oil hole;

[0016] The synchronizer combined gear ring is provided with at least two gear ring oil grooves on the side of the outer teeth close to the overdrive gear, the inner end of the gear ring oil groove is connected to the inner hole of the synchronizer combined gear ring, and the outer peripheral surface is higher than the bottom of the outer tooth groove of the overdrive gear; the inner peripheral surface of the synchronizer combined gear ring and the side wall of the gear groove form an oil cavity, and the gear ring oil groove connects the bottom of the outer tooth groove of the overdrive gear with the oil cavity.

[0017] Furthermore, there are three gear oil holes in the gear channel and three corresponding gear oil grooves, which are evenly distributed along the circumference.

[0018] Furthermore, there are six gear ring oil grooves on the synchronizer gear ring, which are evenly distributed along the circumference; the shape of the gear ring oil groove on the synchronizer gear ring can be U-shaped, arc-shaped, square, trapezoidal, or other common groove shapes; the number of gear ring oil grooves can be adjusted according to demand to ensure that they are evenly distributed along the circumference.

[0019] Furthermore, at least two spline pad oil grooves are provided on the side of the left spline pad close to the overdrive gear, so as to allow lubricating oil to fully enter the contact surfaces of the two.

[0020] Furthermore, there are two spline pad oil grooves (401) on one side of the left spline pad (4), which are arranged in parallel and symmetrically or radially and symmetrically, so as to make the parts evenly stressed, facilitate processing, and fully lubricate the contact surface of the left spline pad.

[0021] Furthermore, the cross-section of the spline pad oil groove (401) is a trapezoidal groove, and the edges of the groove opening and the groove bottom are rounded to make the edges of the spline pad oil groove smooth, thereby reducing stress concentration, and can also be elliptical to make it smooth; the cross-sectional shape of the spline pad oil groove can be U-shaped, arc-shaped, square, trapezoidal, or other common groove shapes.

[0022] Furthermore, the other side of the left spline pad (4) is provided with the same number of spline pad oil grooves (401) to reduce the difficulty of assembly.

[0023] Furthermore, the positions of the spline pad oil grooves (401) on one side and the other side of the left spline pad (4) are arranged perpendicular to each other, so as to ensure the strength of the left spline pad (4) while increasing the slots.

[0024] Furthermore, the included angle between the outer peripheral surface and the inner surface of the gear ring oil groove is set to be an obtuse angle.

[0025] Furthermore, the diameter of the gear oil hole is greater than or equal to 2 mm, which is used to increase the oil inlet efficiency of the oil cavity.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] 1. The utility model discloses a transmission with a groove type gear spline pad lubrication structure. On the basis of not changing the overall structure of the existing transmission, the structure of the overdrive gear and the overdrive side synchronizer combined with the gear ring is redesigned, and the gear groove of the overdrive gear is machined to add an additional oil circuit for lubricating the spline pad, so that the overdrive gear and the spline pad on the left side are fully lubricated, thereby solving the problem of spline pad ablation in the transmission due to poor lubrication.

[0028] 2. The utility model discloses a transmission with a grooved gear spline pad lubrication structure, in which the oil holes and oil grooves added to the overdrive gear are evenly distributed circumferentially and designed at the gear groove position, thereby avoiding stress concentration while adding the lubrication structure, thereby ensuring the original functionality and reliability of the overdrive gear in the transmission.

[0029] 3. The utility model is a transmission with a channel-type gear spline pad lubrication structure, which evenly distributes the oil grooves added by the synchronizer and the gear ring to form an oil cavity with the gear channel, taking into account the functionality of the synchronizer and the gear ring while considering the amount of lubricating oil inlet. The lubrication structure is simple and reliable, ensuring the original functionality and reliability of the synchronizer and the gear ring in the transmission.

[0030] 4. The utility model provides a transmission with a grooved gear spline pad lubrication structure, in which oil grooves are designed on both the left and right end faces of the left spline pad, so that the same lubrication effect can be achieved when installed forwards or reversely, effectively reducing the mis-installation rate and the assembly difficulty of the transmission after the improved structure.

[0031] 5. The utility model provides a transmission with a channel-type gear spline pad lubrication structure, which does not require the use of an oil pump or a separately designed lubrication device, and only requires processing on existing parts to achieve lubrication of the left spline pad. The lubrication structure is simple, reliable, low-cost, economical and practical. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of an existing transmission;

[0033] Figure 2 The invention is a structural schematic diagram of a synchronizer combined with a ring gear in an existing transmission.

[0034] Figure 1-2 The reference numerals of the accompanying drawings are explained as follows: 001-main shaft; 002-overdrive gear; 003-synchronizer combined gear ring; 004-left spline pad; 005-right spline pad; 006-key; 007-synchronizing hub.

[0035] Figure 3 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of a transmission embodiment with a channel type gear spline pad lubrication structure of the utility model;

[0036] Figure 4 It is a partial enlarged structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the utility model;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a front view of the synchronizer combined with the ring gear in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0038] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the overdrive gear in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0039] Figure 7 This is a half-section structural diagram of the overdrive gear in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0040] Figure 8 This is a half-section three-dimensional structural diagram of the overdrive gear in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0041] Fig. 9 It is a front view of the left spline pad in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0042] Fig.10 It is a rear view of the left spline pad in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0043] Fig.11 It is a top view of the left spline pad in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0044] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the lubricating oil circuit of an embodiment of the utility model.

[0045] Figure 3-12 The reference numerals of the accompanying drawings are explained as follows: 1-main shaft; 2-overdrive gear, 201-gear oil hole, 202-gear oil groove, 203-gear channel; 3-synchronizer combined with ring gear, 301-ring gear oil groove; 4-left spline pad, 401-spline pad oil groove; 5-right spline pad; 6-key; 7-synchronizing hub. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The specific technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0047] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the utility model is a transmission with a channel type gear spline pad lubrication structure, comprising a main shaft 1, an overdrive gear 2 with a gear channel 203, a synchronizer combined gear ring 3, a left spline pad 4, a right spline pad 5, a key 6 and a synchronizer hub 7;

[0048] The overdrive gear 2 is rotatably sleeved on the main shaft 1, and its left and right sides are limited by the left spline pad 4 and the right spline pad 5;

[0049] The surface of the main shaft 1 is provided with a groove, and the key 6 of the hexagonal long key structure cooperates with the groove to fix the left spline pad 4 and the right spline pad 5 on the main shaft 1 on both sides of the overdrive gear 2 respectively;

[0050] The synchronizer is spline-connected with the ring gear 3 and the overdrive gear 2;

[0051] The synchronous hub 7 is spline-connected to the main shaft 1, and one side abuts against the left spline pad 4;

[0052] like Figure 6-8 As shown, the outer surface of the overdrive gear 2 is provided with external splines and external teeth on both sides of the gear groove 203 along the circumferential direction, three 2mm gear oil holes 201 are provided on the gear groove 203, and three gear oil grooves 202 connected with the gear oil holes 201 are provided on the left side of the hub of the overdrive gear 2. The gear oil grooves 202 are connected with the inner hole of the overdrive gear 2 and are evenly distributed along the circumference;

[0053] like Figure 5 As shown, the synchronizer gear ring 3 is provided with an internal spline matched with the external spline, and six gear ring oil grooves 301 are arranged on the side close to the external teeth of the overdrive gear. The outer peripheral surfaces of the six gear ring oil grooves 301 are higher than the bottom of the external tooth grooves of the overdrive gear 2 and are evenly distributed along the circumference; the angle between the outer peripheral surface of the gear ring oil groove 301 and the inner surface is set at an obtuse angle;

[0054] like Figure 10-12 As shown, two spline pad oil grooves 401 are provided on the left spline pad 4 near the overdrive gear 2 and are symmetrically arranged along the radial direction. A corresponding spline pad oil groove 401 is also provided on the other side. The positions of the spline pad oil grooves 401 on both sides are arranged perpendicular to each other.

[0055] The spline pad oil grooves 401 on both sides of the left spline pad 4 are trapezoidal grooves in cross section, and the edges of the groove openings and groove bottoms are rounded. As in other embodiments of the present invention, spline pad oil grooves 401 with rectangular, U-shaped, or arc-shaped cross sections may also be selected.

[0056] The oil circuit design of the lubrication structure in the transmission is as follows:

[0057] like Fig.12 As shown, the lubricating oil is divided into two routes to lubricate the left spline pad 4.

[0058] First route: When the transmission is working, the lubricating oil splashed onto the outer wall of the synchronizer gear ring 3 flows downward along the wall surface, is collected in the gear channel 203 through the gear ring oil groove 301, and continues to flow downward to the gear oil hole 201;

[0059] Second path: the lubricating oil in the outer tooth groove of the overdrive gear 2 flows leftward along the outer tooth groove to the left end surface of the tooth portion, and continues to flow downward to the gear oil hole 201 .

[0060] The two routes of lubricating oil converge and flow along the gear oil hole 201 into the gear oil groove 202 , and then flow from the gear oil groove 202 into the spline pad oil groove 401 on the right side of the left spline pad 4 , thereby achieving lubrication of the left spline pad 4 .

[0061] The above description is only an embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present utility model. Any equivalent structural transformation made using the contents of the present utility model specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, is included in the patent protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A transmission with a channel-type gear spline pad lubrication structure, comprising a main shaft (1), an overdrive gear (2), a synchronizer gear ring (3), a left spline pad (4), a right spline pad (5), a key (6) and a synchronizer hub (7); The overdrive gear (2) is sleeved on the main shaft (1), and its outer surface is provided with external splines, a gear groove (203) and external teeth of a helical gear structure from left to right, and the bottom of the gear groove (203) is lower than the tooth groove of the external spline; The synchronizer combined gear ring (3) is sleeved on the external spline of the overdrive gear (2), and is provided with an internal spline that matches the external spline; A groove is provided on the surface of the main shaft (1), and the key (6) cooperates with the groove to fix the left spline pad (4) and the right spline pad (5) on the main shaft (1). The left spline pad (4) and the right spline pad (5) are respectively located on both sides of the overdrive gear (2) and are used to limit the overdrive gear (2); The synchronous hub (7) is spline-connected to the main shaft (1), and one side of the synchronous hub abuts against the left spline pad (4); Features: At least two gear oil holes (201) are provided in the gear channel (203) of the overdrive gear (2); a gear oil groove (202) corresponding to the gear oil hole (201) is provided on the left side of the hub of the overdrive gear (2); the gear oil groove (202) is located on the side wall of the inner hole of the overdrive gear (2) and is in communication with the gear oil hole (201); At least two gear ring oil grooves (301) are provided on a side of the synchronizer combined gear ring (3) close to the external teeth of the overdrive gear (2); the inner ends of the gear ring oil grooves (301) are connected to the inner holes of the synchronizer combined gear ring (3); the outer peripheral surfaces are higher than the bottoms of the external teeth grooves of the overdrive gear (2); the inner peripheral surface of the synchronizer combined gear ring (3) and the side walls of the gear groove (203) form an oil chamber, and the gear ring oil grooves (301) connect the bottoms of the external teeth grooves of the overdrive gear (2) with the oil chamber.

2. A transmission with a channel type gear spline pad lubrication structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are three gear oil holes (201) and three corresponding gear oil grooves (202) in the gear channel (203), which are evenly distributed along the circumference.

3. A transmission with a channel type gear spline pad lubrication structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The synchronizer combined gear ring (3) has six gear ring oil grooves (301) which are evenly distributed along the circumference.

4. A transmission with a channel type gear spline pad lubrication structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: At least two spline pad oil grooves (401) are provided on the side of the left spline pad (4) close to the overdrive gear (2) to allow lubricating oil to fully enter the contact surfaces of the two.

5. A transmission with a channel type gear spline pad lubrication structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: There are two spline pad oil grooves (401) on one side of the left spline pad (4), which are arranged in parallel and symmetrically or in radial and symmetrical manner.

6. A transmission with a channel type gear spline pad lubrication structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cross section of the spline pad oil groove (401) is a trapezoidal groove, and the edges of the groove opening and the groove bottom are rounded to reduce stress concentration.

7. A transmission with a channel type gear spline pad lubrication structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The other side of the left spline pad (4) is provided with the same number of spline pad oil grooves (401).

8. A transmission with a channel type gear spline pad lubrication structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The positions of the spline pad oil grooves (401) on one side and the other side of the left spline pad (4) are arranged perpendicular to each other.

9. A transmission with a channel type gear spline pad lubrication structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The included angle between the outer peripheral surface and the inner surface of the gear ring oil groove (301) is set to be an obtuse angle.

10. A transmission with a channel type gear spline pad lubrication structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: The diameter of the gear oil hole (201) is greater than or equal to 2 mm.

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