Intertrochanteric fracture reduction fixing forceps

Abstract

The utility model provides an intertrochanteric fracture reduction fixing clamp which is suitable for reduction and fixation of intertrochanteric fracture of lower limb femur of a human body, and belongs to the field of fracture reduction fixing instruments. The clamp comprises a clamping part, a first handle, a second handle and a positioner. In order to overcome the defect that in the prior art, common coronal plane introversion displacement reduction is difficult in intertrochanteric fracture, a clamping part is provided with a guide forceps jaw and a fulcrum forceps jaw, and the guide forceps jaw is connected with an auxiliary instrument which can be conveniently placed in the femoral neck through a guide part of the guide forceps jaw, so that the guide forceps jaw can control the femoral neck more easily; the fulcrum forceps jaw is long and can be clamped on the outer side of the thighbone greater trochanter. The two forceps jaws are matched with each other, and after a fracture part is successfully clamped, hip joint introversion displacement can be corrected on a coronal plane through operations such as overturning, traction and loosening, and a reset state is kept until fixation is completed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of fracture reduction and fixation instruments, in particular to a femoral intertrochanteric fracture reduction and fixation forceps. Background Art

[0002] Intertrochanteric fracture refers to fractures that occur between the trochanters of the femur. Conventional treatment options include closed reduction or limited open reduction with intramedullary nail fixation. Some patients require limited open reduction and clamping of the broken bones with reduction and fixation forceps to achieve initial reduction and fixation before internal fixation. Considering that intertrochanteric fractures often have varus displacement in the coronal plane, due to the existence of the femoral neck shaft abduction angle and the lateral part of the femoral neck deep in the soft tissue, it is difficult to expose. Conventional forceps are difficult to clamp to the lateral side of the femoral neck and the lateral side of the greater trochanter to correct hip varus. Currently, there is no suitable fracture reduction and fixation forceps for this type of coronal plane varus displacement reduction and deformity correction.

[0003] Existing instruments for reduction and fixation of intertrochanteric fractures, for example, Chinese utility model patent with announcement number CN219614007U discloses a device for reduction and fixation of intertrochanteric fractures, wherein the two jaws of the clamping portion are symmetrical and the ends are relatively thick. When the intertrochanteric fracture is accompanied by varus displacement of the coronal plane of the femur, the clamping portion is difficult to clamp the femoral neck and the coronal plane to flip and reduce them, which is not conducive to the accuracy and convenience of the reduction operation during the operation, prolongs the operation time, and affects the success rate of the operation. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to overcome the defect that the existing instruments are difficult to accurately clamp and reduce the intertrochanteric fracture when there is varus displacement on the coronal plane, the utility model provides an intertrochanteric fracture reduction and fixation forceps with a guide jaw and a fulcrum jaw, the main principle of which is that the guide jaw pre-loads other instruments that are convenient for reaching and capturing the femoral neck through a guide component to complete the capture of the femoral neck by itself; the fulcrum jaw has a longer arc and a supporting component, and while enveloping the trochanteric part, the supporting component presses against the trochanteric part or the outer surface of the femoral shaft; the two jaws cooperate with each other to form a valgus reduction force, complete the reduction of the varus displacement of the coronal plane of the intertrochanteric fracture, and maintain the reduction until fixation is completed.

[0005] The utility model solves the technical problem by adopting a technical solution: an intertrochanteric fracture reduction and fixation pliers, comprising a clamping part, a handle 1, a handle 2, and a positioner. The clamping part comprises a guide jaw and a fulcrum jaw, the guide jaw is connected to the handle 1, and a guide component is designed at one end away from the handle 1, and a support component is designed at one end away from the handle 2. The handle 1 is hinged to the handle 2, and a positioner is arranged between the two.

[0006] The above-mentioned intertrochanteric fracture reduction and fixation forceps have a fulcrum jaw that is in the shape of a major arc that bends inwards, and a guide jaw that is in the shape of a minor arc that bends inwards. The arc length of the fulcrum jaw is 2 cm to 4 cm longer than the arc length of the guide jaw, and when the handle 1 and the handle 2 are closed, the guide component and the end of the support component are 2 cm to 3 cm apart. The curvature of the two jaws can be designed differently according to the different users. For example, the curvature of the jaws of the reduction and fixation forceps generally used for children is larger than that used for adults. The shape of the arc is not limited to a perfect circular arc, and can be any arc that is more fitted to the bone surface or convenient for use.

[0007] The guide component of the guide jaw of the above-mentioned intertrochanteric fracture reduction and fixation forceps can be sleeve-shaped, slot-shaped, screw-shaped or hook-shaped, including but not limited to the above shapes, so as to guide other medical instruments to perform clamping operations.

[0008] The supporting member on the jaw of the above-mentioned intertrochanteric fracture reduction and fixation forceps can be in the shape of sharp teeth, sawtooth, striped clamping surface or suction cup, including but not limited to the above shapes, so as to be pressed against the bone surface and not easily displaced.

[0009] The shapes of the handle 1 and the handle 2 of the above-mentioned intertrochanteric fracture reduction and fixation pliers can be strip-shaped, with a finger ring shape, including but not limited to the above shapes, so as to facilitate hand-held operation. The size of the handle 1 and the handle 2 is determined by the torque required during use. For example, the handle of the fracture reduction and fixation pliers for adults is generally longer than that for children.

[0010] The above-mentioned intertrochanteric fracture reduction and fixation pliers have a positioner that is a limit bolt. Slot hole one and slot hole two are symmetrically opened on the inner side of handle one and handle two, respectively, and the central axis of the two slot holes is parallel to the plane where the two handles are located. A positioning pin perpendicular to the plane of the two handles is arranged at the center of slot hole one. The positioning pin is assembled with the positioning hole at the non-threaded end of the positioning screw, so that the positioning screw can swing within the plane of the two handles with the positioning pin as the center of the circle. The threaded end of the positioning screw is assembled into slot hole two and passes through the outside of handle two. The positioning nut is screwed into the threaded end of the positioning screw and stops being screwed in at the outside of handle two. At this time, handle one and handle two can only be closed and cannot be expanded. If the clamping part clamps an object, it cannot continue to close and can only be clamped tighter and tighter, so that the positioner achieves the positioning effect.

[0011] The beneficial effect of the utility model is that the clamping part adopts a clamping method in which the guiding jaw and the fulcrum jaw cooperate with each other. The guiding jaw loads the auxiliary instrument through the guiding component to more easily reach the femoral neck or the broken bone and capture it. The fulcrum jaw is longer and has a supporting component at the end, which can firmly press against the bone surface while enveloping the trochanteric part, thereby achieving a tight clamping of the fracture part, making it easier for the operator to complete resetting operations such as flipping and traction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] The utility model is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0013] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment 1 of the utility model;

[0014] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the guiding jaws and handle 1;

[0015] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fulcrum jaw and the second handle;

[0016] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bolt of the positioner;

[0017] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment 2 of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the ring-shaped handle structure.

[0019] The numbers and names of the parts shown in the figure are as follows: 1 guiding jaw, 2 fulcrum jaw, 3 handle one, 4 handle two, 5 positioner, 6 Kirschner wire, 21 guiding component, 22 hinge pin hole, 23 slot one, 24 positioning pin, 31 supporting component, 32 hinge oblique hole, 33 hinge pin, 34 slot two, 41 positioning screw, 42 positioning nut, 43 positioning hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0021] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "front end", "back end", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they should not be understood as limitations on the present invention.

[0022] In the description of this application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", "connect", and "assemble" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0023] [Example 1]

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, an intertrochanteric fracture reduction and fixation forceps is made of medical stainless steel, including a guide jaw 1, a fulcrum jaw 2, a handle 1 3, a handle 2 4, and a positioner 5. The guide jaw 1 is connected to the handle 1 3, the fulcrum jaw 2 is connected to the handle 2 4, and the handle 1 3 is hinged to the handle 2 4. When the distance between the handle 1 3 and the handle 2 4 is expanded, the distance between the guide jaw 1 and the fulcrum jaw 2 will also be expanded, and vice versa. The positioner 5 is located between the handle 1 3 and the handle 2 4, and its function is to limit the expansion distance between the handle 1 3 and the handle 2 4.

[0025] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the guide jaw 1 is in a minor arc shape, and its arc shape is within 1 / 4 arc, and the fulcrum jaw 2 is in a major arc shape, and its arc shape is between 1 / 2 and 3 / 4 arc. A guide component 21 is provided at one end of the guide jaw 1 away from the handle 1 3, and a support component 31 is provided at one end of the fulcrum jaw 2 away from the handle 2 4.

[0026] like Figure 2 In this embodiment, the guide component 21 is a sleeve, the outer part of the sleeve is a straight cylindrical shape, the axis of which is perpendicular to the plane where the clamping part is located, and the cross section is a hollow ring, the inner diameter of which is consistent with the diameter of the Kirschner wire, which is 2.5mm to 3mm. The connection between the guide jaw 1 and the handle 3 is relatively thin, and there is a hinge pin hole 22 perpendicular to the plane of the clamp body. The hole is connected to the guide jaw 1 and the handle 3. Figure 3 The hinge pin 33 in the handle is assembled to complete the hinge connection between handle 1 3 and handle 2 4.

[0027] like Figure 3 In this example, the support member 31 is in the shape of sharp teeth. A hinged oblique square hole 32 is provided at the connection between the fulcrum jaw 2 and the handle 24. A hinged pin 33 perpendicular to the plane of the pliers body is provided in the center of the hole. Figure 2 After the intersection pin hole 22 is assembled, the hinged oblique square hole 32 can wrap the two assembled parts so that the pin does not leak out.

[0028] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4As shown, the positioner 5 includes a positioning screw 41, a positioning nut 42, a slot 1 23, a slot 2 34, and a positioning pin 24. The non-threaded end of the positioning screw 41 has a positioning hole 43, which is assembled with the positioning pin 24 in the slot 1 23 on the handle 1 3. The other end of the positioning screw 41 penetrates the slot 2 34 on the handle 2 4, and the positioning screw 41 can swing within the range of the slot 2 34 with the positioning pin 24 as the center of the circle, so that the positioning screw 41 is adapted to the expansion or closing of the two handles. After the positioning nut 42 is screwed into the threaded end of the positioning screw 41, the handle 2 4 can only expand to the positioning nut 41. If the clamping part has clamped the object at this time, the two handles can no longer expand or contract, thereby achieving the positioning of the clamp body.

[0029] [Example 2]

[0030] On the basis of Example 1, due to the diversity of directions of intertrochanteric fractures in practice, the position and direction of some fractures are difficult to capture and reset with a flat reduction and fixation pliers, or it is difficult for the operator to hold the handle at a certain special angle for a long time after reduction, resulting in fluctuations in the stability of the clamp when fixing the broken bone, or the direction of the handle hinders the implementation of internal fixation, which is not conducive to the smooth progress of the operation. Therefore, the intertrochanteric fracture reduction and fixation pliers available for selection can also be: the plane where the clamping part is located is at an angle to the plane where the two handles are located, so as to overcome the inconvenience caused by the angle problem. Figure 5 As shown, an intertrochanteric fracture reduction and fixation forceps with a clamping portion plane and a handle plane forming an angle of 150°.

[0031] [Example 3]

[0032] On the basis of Example 1, since the size of children's bones is quite different from that of adults' bones, the torque of the fracture reduction and fixation forceps for children is also much smaller, and the handle length can be appropriately reduced. After the handle length is reduced, a finger ring handle that is easier to grasp and operate can also be used. Figure 6 .

[0033]

Application process

[0034] The application process of the utility model is described by taking Example 1 as an example: The patient had intertrochanteric fracture of the femur accompanied by coronal plane varus displacement, and was treated with limited open reduction and intramedullary nail fixation.

[0035] The reduction operation during this operation is as follows: the operator inserts the Kirschner wire 6 into the patient's femoral neck through the coronal plane, and then inserts the exposed end of the Kirschner wire into the guide component 21 of the intertrochanteric fracture reduction and fixation forceps described in Example 1, with the intermeshing position at the middle section of the Kirschner wire, and then uses the fulcrum jaws 2 of the above-mentioned forceps body to clamp in front or behind the femoral trochanter, or on the lateral surface of the femoral shaft, thereby forming a reduction force for eversion. After the clamping is completed, by manipulating the handle 1 3 and the handle 2 4, reduction operations such as flipping, traction, and loosening are performed until the fracture site is completely reduced. After the reduction is completed, the operator maintains the forceps holding position and the opening and closing angle of the forceps body when the reduction is completed, adjusts the positioning nut 42 on the positioner 5 to the outside of the handle 2 4, so that the two forceps jaws remain in the state when the reduction is completed, and tightly and stably clamp the fracture site until the internal fixation is completed. Finally, the positioner is opened, the handle is expanded, and the fixed broken bone is released.

[0036] The above embodiments are part of the embodiments of the technical solution, and do not represent all the embodiments of the technical solution. They belong to the protection scope of the utility model, but do not represent the protection scope of the utility model. The protection scope required by the utility model is defined by the attached claims and the description.

Claims

1. An intertrochanteric fracture reduction and fixation pliers, comprising a clamping portion, a handle 1, a handle 2, and a positioner, wherein the handle 1 and the handle 2 are hinged, and characterized in that: The clamping part includes a guiding jaw and a fulcrum jaw. The guiding jaw is connected to handle one, and its end away from handle one is a guiding component. The fulcrum jaw is connected to handle two, and its end away from handle two is a supporting component.

2. The intertrochanteric fracture reduction and fixation forceps according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guiding jaws are in the shape of an inferior arc that bends inwards.

3. The intertrochanteric fracture reduction and fixation forceps according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fulcrum jaws are in the shape of an arc that bends inwards.

4. The intertrochanteric fracture reduction and fixation forceps according to claim 3, characterized in that: The guide component is a sleeve.

5. The intertrochanteric fracture reduction and fixation forceps according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer part of the sleeve is in the shape of a straight cylinder, the axis of which is perpendicular to the plane where the clamping part is located, the cross section of which is a hollow ring, and the inner diameter of which matches the diameter of the Kirschner wire.

6. The intertrochanteric fracture reduction and fixation forceps according to claim 3, characterized in that: The supporting parts are pointed teeth.

7. The intertrochanteric fracture reduction and fixation forceps according to claim 3, characterized in that: The overall length of the fulcrum jaw is 2cm to 4cm longer than the overall length of the guide jaw.

8. The intertrochanteric fracture reduction and fixation forceps according to claim 3, characterized in that: The distance between the guiding component and the supporting component is 2 cm to 3 cm.

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