Hydrolysis acidification reactor

Abstract

The utility model discloses a hydrolytic acidification reactor, relates to hydrolytic acidification reaction equipment field, including reaction zone and diversion zone, the reaction zone is equipped with the multi-stage process section that distributes in proper order, the process section from bottom to top is divided into sludge layer, buffer layer, suspension layer and clear water zone in proper order, the top of each stage process section forms the downflow weir respectively, in the sequential distribution direction of the process sections, the heights of the overflow weirs are sequentially reduced, and filler is arranged in the suspension layer; one end of the diversion area receives drained water crossing the overflow weir in the clear water area of one process section, and the other end is introduced into the buffer layer of the other process section; aiming at the problem that the existing hydrolytic acidification reactor is inconvenient to operate and maintain due to overlarge height, a reaction area is formed by adopting multiple stages of process sections, wastewater is discharged after being treated by the multiple stages of process sections in sequence, the effective water depth is controlled, and the height of a single-stage process section is reduced to solve the problem that the traditional reactor is inconvenient to operate and maintain due to overlarge height.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of hydrolysis acidification reaction equipment, in particular to a hydrolysis acidification reactor. Background Art

[0002] In sewage treatment, BOD is usually used 5 / COD cr The ratio of BOD is used as a criterion for judging whether sewage is suitable for biological treatment, which is called biodegradability index. 5 / COD cr >0.3, sewage is suitable for biological treatment; BOD 5 / COD cr <0.3 sewage biochemical treatment is difficult; BOD 5 / COD cr Sewage with a BOD value <0.25 is not suitable for biochemical treatment. 5 / COD cr For sewage with a small ratio that is not easy to be treated biochemically, certain pretreatment measures can be taken to improve its biodegradability. As one of the more common sewage pretreatment methods, hydrolysis acidification can replace the primary sedimentation tank, improve the biodegradability of sewage, and reduce the total COD to a certain extent, degrading the macromolecular organic matter in sewage that is not easy to degrade into small molecular organic matter that is easy to biodegrade, which is of great significance for the treatment of difficult-to-degrade organic wastewater.

[0003] The hydrolysis acidification method is suitable for the pretreatment of urban sewage, printing and dyeing wastewater, pharmaceutical wastewater, papermaking wastewater, beer wastewater, chemical wastewater and synthetic detergent wastewater, and has a high suspended solids removal rate. The removed suspended solids can be partially digested in the hydrolysis reactor. Currently, common hydrolysis acidification reactors include upflow, composite and fully mixed hydrolysis reactors. For common upflow hydrolysis acidification reactors, the effective water depth is generally 4m to 8m, plus the super height of 0.5m to 1.0m, the overall height is relatively large, which causes many inconveniences in the construction and actual operation management process. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a hydrolysis acidification reactor in view of the defects of the prior art, which adopts a multi-stage process section to form a reaction zone, and the wastewater is discharged after being processed in the multi-stage process section in sequence, thereby reducing the height of the single-stage process section to solve the problem that the traditional reactor is too high and inconvenient to operate and maintain.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the following technical solutions are adopted:

[0006] A hydrolysis acidification reactor, comprising:

[0007] The reaction zone is provided with multiple process sections distributed in sequence. The process sections are divided into a sludge layer, a buffer layer, a suspension layer and a clear water zone from bottom to top. An overflow weir is formed on the top of each process section. The height of the overflow weir decreases in the direction of the process section. Fillers are provided in the suspension layer.

[0008] The diversion area receives drainage from the clean water area of ​​one process section over the overflow weir at one end and introduces the buffer layer of another process section at the other end;

[0009] A water inlet assembly, which is provided with a water inlet main pipe and a connected water distributor, and the water distributor is located in the sludge layer of the first-stage process section;

[0010] The drainage component is provided with a drainage main pipe, which receives the drainage from the final process section over its overflow weir.

[0011] Furthermore, the multi-stage process sections of the reaction zone are distributed in sequence along the horizontal direction, and reaction zones are arranged between adjacent process sections.

[0012] Furthermore, the buffer layer of the final process section is connected to the first process section through an internal reflux pipe.

[0013] Furthermore, a pipeline pump is provided on the inner reflux pipeline to adjust the reflux flow rate of the inner reflux pipeline.

[0014] Furthermore, the diversion area also includes a water collection trough, which is connected to the drainage main pipe. The water collection trough is installed in the final process section to receive the drainage of the final process section over its overflow weir.

[0015] Furthermore, the fillers corresponding to the multi-stage process sections are distributed at the same height.

[0016] Furthermore, the water distributor comprises a drainage main pipe, a water distribution main pipe and a water distribution branch pipe which are connected in sequence, and the water inlet main pipe passes through the side wall of the process section and is connected to the water distribution main pipe.

[0017] Furthermore, the water inlet main pipe is connected to the middle of the water distribution trunk pipe, both ends of the water distribution trunk pipe are connected to water distribution trunk pipes, both ends of the water distribution trunk pipe are connected to water distribution branch pipes, and water distribution holes are distributed on the water distribution branch pipes.

[0018] Furthermore, a mud discharge pipe is provided in the process section.

[0019] The utility model aims at solving the problem that the current hydrolysis acidification reactor is too high and inconvenient to operate and maintain. A multi-stage process section is used to form a reaction zone. Wastewater is discharged after being processed in the multi-stage process section in sequence. The effective water depth is controlled and the height of the single-stage process section is reduced to solve the problem that the traditional reactor is too high and inconvenient to operate and maintain.

[0020] In the utility model, when wastewater passes through multiple process sections, the diversion area can transport the wastewater to the reaction areas of each process section for contact reaction. The multiple process sections are connected in series to ensure the hydraulic retention time of the entire hydrolysis acidification reactor, increase the contact reaction time between the wastewater and the microorganisms, thereby improving the reaction treatment efficiency and meeting the pretreatment needs of urban sewage and industrial wastewater. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a plan view of a hydrolysis acidification reactor in an embodiment of the utility model.

[0022] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a hydrolysis acidification reactor in an embodiment of the utility model.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the division of the hydrolysis and acidification reaction zones in the embodiment of the utility model.

[0024] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the water distributor in the embodiment of the utility model.

[0025] Explanation of the reference numbers (in the order of first appearance): 1. Inlet main pipe; 2. Water distributor; 3. Reaction zone; 4. Diversion zone; 5. Internal return pipe; 6. Drainage main pipe; 7. Filler; 21. Water distribution main pipe; 22. Water distribution main pipe; 23. Water distribution branch pipe; 31. First process section; 32. Second process section; 33. Third process section; 34. Fourth process section; 41. First diversion zone; 42. Second diversion zone; 43. Third diversion zone; 44. Sump. Ⅰ Sludge layer; Ⅱ Buffer layer; Ⅲ Suspension layer; Ⅳ Clean water zone. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

[0027] The present embodiment provides a hydrolysis and acidification reactor, which uses anaerobic microorganisms to carry out three-stage reactions of hydrolysis, acidification and methanogenesis on sewage. The hydrolysis and acidification reactor in the present embodiment is based on the suspended sludge hydrolysis and acidification principle, and controls the reaction in the hydrolysis and acidification reactor in two stages: hydrolysis and acidification. The suspended organic matter and macromolecules (carbohydrates, fats and lipids) in the sewage can be hydrolyzed into small molecules by microbial extracellular enzymes, while the suspended solids can be hydrolyzed into soluble organic matter, and the macromolecules that are difficult to biodegrade can be converted into small molecules that are easily biodegradable.

[0028] The hydrolysis acidification reactor in this embodiment is mainly used for pretreatment of sewage treatment, and plays the role of intercepting suspended solids, degrading organic matter, improving the biodegradability of sewage, etc. The subsequent treatment of the hydrolysis acidification reactor reaction is generally an aerobic treatment process, including activated sludge process, oxidation ditch, SBR process, etc.

[0029] The hydrolysis acidification reactor in this embodiment is based on the principle of an upflow hydrolysis reactor. The hydrolysis acidification microorganisms and suspended matter form a sludge layer I. The sludge layer I intercepts the suspended matter in the sewage and degrades organic matter under the action of the hydrolysis acidification bacteria to improve the biodegradability of the sewage.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, the basic structure of the hydrolysis acidification reactor is a box structure, in which a reaction zone 3 and a guide zone 4 are divided by partitions, etc. The reaction zone 3 includes a plurality of process sections distributed in sequence in multiple stages, and a guide zone 4 is also provided between adjacent process sections. The overflow drainage of the upper process section is input into the lower process section through the guide zone 4, thereby realizing the process of wastewater passing through multiple process sections in sequence for treatment.

[0031] Specifically, the reaction zone 3 is provided with a plurality of process sections distributed in sequence. In the present embodiment, the process sections are divided into four levels, namely a first process section 31, a second process section 32, a third process section 33 and a fourth process section 34. Correspondingly, a first guide area 41 is arranged between the first process section 31 and the second process section 32, a second guide area 42 is arranged between the second process section 32 and the third process section 33, and a third guide area 43 is arranged between the third process section 33 and the fourth process section 34.

[0032] Each process section is divided into sludge layer I, buffer layer II, suspension layer III and clean water area IV from bottom to top. Filler 7 is arranged in suspension layer III to ensure the smooth progress of the whole treatment process.

[0033] Sludge layer I is located at the bottom of the process section and is the area where sludge accumulates and settles. Sludge layer I can effectively absorb particulate matter and colloidal matter in the water. Under anaerobic conditions, the intercepted organic matter is hydrolyzed into soluble substances by a large number of hydrolytic acidifying bacteria, and the macromolecular and difficult-to-biodegrade substances are converted into easily biodegradable substances. This process not only improves the biodegradability of wastewater, but also provides a good water quality environment for subsequent treatment.

[0034] Buffer layer II is located between sludge layer I and suspended layer III, playing a transition and buffering role. It helps to stabilize the water flow and sludge distribution in the process section, and prevents sludge in sludge layer I from directly entering suspended layer III or clear water zone IV, thus affecting the treatment effect.

[0035] The suspension layer III is the main area of ​​the hydrolysis and acidification reaction. It contains fillers 7 to promote the growth and reaction of microorganisms. The fillers 7 can increase the reaction surface area, so that the sewage and microorganisms are in more complete contact, thereby improving the treatment efficiency. At the same time, the fillers 7 can also disperse the input water flow to avoid static water flow, further improving the treatment effect and stability. In addition, the microorganisms in the suspension layer III attach and grow on the fillers 7 to form biofilms, which can further adsorb and degrade organic matter. The fillers 7 corresponding to the multi-stage process sections are distributed at the same height.

[0036] The clear water zone IV is located at the top of the hydrolysis acidification reactor. It is the area where the treated water is gathered and discharged. Here, the water treated by hydrolysis acidification is clarified and separated, and discharged after reaching the discharge standard. The clear water zone IV can also perform the final stabilization and buffering of the effluent to ensure the stability of the effluent water quality.

[0037] An overflow weir is formed at the top of each process section. The height of the overflow weir decreases along the direction of the process section. The water in the clean water area IV can be discharged through the overflow weir, and the treated water can be discharged into the next process section through the diversion area 4.

[0038] One end of the diversion area 4 receives the drainage that passes over the overflow weir in the clean water area IV of a process section, and the other end introduces the buffer layer II of another process section, so that the wastewater treated by the upper process section can be treated again.

[0039] In this embodiment, the effective water depth H of each process section is i The sum of the effective water depth (i.e., the total effective water depth H) refers to the effective water depth of the upflow hydrolysis reactor, which is generally 4m to 8m. The effective water depth H of each process section i Generally, 1m to 2m is taken, and a certain safety height is considered at the top of the reaction zone 3, which is about 0.5m to 1m, to ensure that the total height of the hydrolysis acidification reactor does not exceed 3m.

[0040] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the water inlet assembly is provided with a water inlet main pipe 1 and a connected water distributor 2, and the water distributor 2 is located in the sludge layer I of the first-stage process section; the drainage assembly is provided with a drainage main pipe 6, and the drainage main pipe 6 receives the drainage of the last-stage process section over its overflow weir.

[0041] Specifically, the sludge layer I of each process stage is provided with a sludge discharge pipe, and gravity sludge is discharged regularly through the water pressure in the hydrolysis acidification reactor to keep the sludge layer I at 0.5 to 1 m below the water surface.

[0042] A water distributor 2 is arranged below the entrance of the sludge discharge pipe in the sludge layer I of the first process section 31, and the water distributor 2 is connected to the water inlet main 1 to introduce the wastewater into the process section and evenly disperse it to the bottom of the process section.

[0043] like Figure 4 As shown, the water distributor 2 includes a drainage main pipe, a water distribution main pipe 22 and a water distribution branch pipe 23 which are connected in sequence. The water inlet main pipe 1 passes through the side wall of the process section and is connected to the water distribution main pipe 21. The water inlet main pipe 1 is connected to the middle part of the water distribution main pipe 21. The two ends of the water distribution main pipe 21 are respectively connected to the water distribution main pipe 22. The two ends of the water distribution main pipe 22 are respectively connected to the water distribution branch pipe 23. The water distribution branch pipe 23 is provided with water distribution holes.

[0044] like Figure 2 As shown, the multi-stage process sections of the reaction zone 3 are sequentially distributed in the horizontal direction, and the reaction zone 3 is arranged between adjacent process sections. The buffer layer II of the final process section is connected to the first process section through the internal reflux pipe 5. The internal reflux pipe 5 is provided with a pipeline pump for adjusting the reflux flow of the internal reflux pipe 5. The first process section in this embodiment is the first process section 31, and the final process section is the fourth process section 34.

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, the fourth process section 34 buffer layer II is provided with an internal reflux pipe 5 connected to the first process section 31, and the reflux flow rate is controlled by a pipeline pump to adjust the reflux ratio, which is preferably controlled between 30% and 100%.

[0046] The diversion area 4 also includes a water collection tank 44, which is connected to the drainage main pipe 6. The water collection tank 44 is installed in the final process section to receive the drainage of the final process section over its overflow weir. The clean water area IV of the fourth process section 34 discharges the pre-treated water from the reaction zone 3 through the overflow weir and leads it out of the hydrolysis acidification reactor through the drainage assembly.

[0047] According to the total effective water depth of the hydrolysis acidification reactor and the rising flow rate v of the sewage in the hydrolysis acidification reactor 1 The ratio of (0.5m / h to 2.0m / h) can be determined as the hydraulic retention time T of the hydrolysis acidification reactor. Check that the hydraulic retention time T meets the following requirements:

[0048] 1. Urban domestic sewage: 2h~4h;

[0049] 2. Wastewater with good biodegradability and insoluble COD>60% such as beer wastewater, slaughterhouse wastewater, food wastewater: 2h~6h;

[0050] 3. Papermaking wastewater, chemical wastewater, oily wastewater and other wastewater with general biodegradability and insoluble COD accounting for 30% to 60%: 2h to 4h;

[0051] 4. Other difficult-to-degrade organic wastewater, insoluble COD <30%: more than 10h.

[0052] After ensuring that the hydraulic retention time T of the hydrolysis acidification reactor meets the above requirements through the total effective water depth H of the hydrolysis acidification reactor, according to the hydrolysis acidification treatment flow Q and the rising flow rate v of the process section sewage 1 , diversion velocity v between each process section 2 (Generally, it can be taken as twice the rising velocity of sewage), and the flow area F of a single process section can be determined 1 and the flow area F 2 , that is: F 1 =Q / v 1 , F 2 =Q / v 2 .

[0053] The flow area F of a single process section 1 、F 2 After determination, the size of a single process section and a diversion section, as well as the size of the entire hydrolysis acidification reactor are determined according to the selection principle of a length-to-width ratio of 1:1 to 1:5.

[0054] Papermaking and pulping wastewater has a large discharge volume, complex components, serious pollution, a small BODs / COD ratio, and is difficult to biodegrade. In this embodiment, the industrial wastewater of a paper mill is taken as an example to illustrate the treatment of papermaking and pulping wastewater by a hydrolysis acidification reactor.

[0055] CODcr and BOD of a papermaking wastewater influent 5 , SS concentrations are 4200mg / L, 1650mg / L, 2100mg / L respectively. Influent water quality BOD 5 / COD cr =0.39>0.3 Biological treatment is suitable. Based on the characteristics of papermaking wastewater, it can be determined that the biodegradability of this industrial wastewater is average, and the insoluble COD accounts for 30% to 60%.

[0056] After treatment with the hydrolysis-aerobic process, the effluent CODcr, BODs and SS concentrations are required to meet the requirements of the "Water Pollutant Discharge Standard for Papermaking Industry" (GB 4355-2008).

[0057] The hydrolysis acidification reactor in this embodiment is used for pretreatment to improve the biodegradability of the raw wastewater. The hydraulic retention time (HRT) is 6.0 h. The treatment scale is 5000 m 3 / d, effective volume of hydrolysis acidification reactor:

[0058] V = 5000 / 24 ​​× 6 = 1250 (m 3 )

[0059] The sewage rising velocity of the hydrolysis acidification reactor is 1.5m / h, and the total effective water depth can be determined:

[0060] H = 1.5 × 6.0 = 9 (m)

[0061] Average effective water depth of a single-stage process section (four process sections in total):

[0062] H i =9 / 4=2.25(m)

[0063] Considering that the effective water depth of each process section decreases in sequence, the effective water depth is 2.3m, the safety height is 0.5m, and the height of the hydrolysis acidification reactor is 2.8m. The thickness of the bottom sludge layer I is 0.5m, the thickness of the buffer layer II is 0.3m, and a suspension layer III with elastic filler 7 is set at a height of 1.5m in the hydrolysis acidification reactor. The part above the suspension layer III is the clear water area IV.

[0064] According to the effective volume V and the total effective water depth H of the hydrolysis acidification reactor, the cross-sectional area of ​​the flow, that is, the flow area of ​​the single-stage process section, can be determined:

[0065] F=1250 / 9=139(m 2 )

[0066] The plane size of the single-stage process section is B×L=10m×15m, and the area meets the above requirements.

[0067] The sewage flow rate in the diversion zone 4 is calculated as twice the flow rate in the reaction zone 3, and its plane size can be determined as B×L=10m×7.5m.

[0068] When the hydrolysis acidification reactor is started, the sludge layer I of the hydrolysis acidification reactor is first cultivated naturally or a certain amount of inoculated sludge is added. During operation, the paper mill wastewater enters the water distributor 2 through the water inlet main pipe 1, flows into the water distribution main pipe 22 arranged symmetrically on both sides under the diversion effect of the water distribution main pipe, and finally realizes uniform water distribution in the bottom sludge layer I in the first process section 31 through the water distribution holes on the water distribution branch pipe 23.

[0069] After the wastewater in the first process section 31 passes through the buffer layer II from bottom to top and reaches the suspension layer III with elastic filler 7, part of the suspended matter is intercepted. After the wastewater reaches the clean water area IV, it enters the first diversion area 41 through the overflow weir. After flowing from top to bottom in the first diversion area 41 to the buffer layer II of the second process section 32, the flow rate decreases and is converted into a restored head. After flowing upward from the second process section 32 through the buffer layer II and reaching the suspension layer III with elastic filler 7, another part of the suspended matter is intercepted. As above, after the wastewater reaches the clean water area IV, it enters the second diversion area 42 through the overflow weir plate, passes through the third process section 33, enters the fourth process section 34 through the third diversion area 43, and finally merges into the water collection tank 44, and flows out from the drainage main 6 to the next process.

[0070] In the above process, the wastewater repeatedly contacts and reacts with the sludge in the reaction zone 3 of each process section at the end of the diversion zone 4, which increases the contact reaction time between the wastewater and the microorganisms. If the effluent quality of the water collection tank 44 does not meet the preset requirements, the reflux rate of the internal reflux pipe 5 can be appropriately increased, and the reflux ratio can be controlled between 30% and 100%. The wastewater passes through the elastic filler 7 multiple times, has a higher suspended solids removal rate, and can replace the primary sedimentation tank.

[0071] In the above process, the head loss between each process section is calculated as 0.01m, and the height difference of the weir top on the water inlet side of each diversion area 4 is 0.01m. That is, the weir top height of the first diversion area 41 is 2.30m, the weir top height of the second diversion area 42 is 2.29m, the weir top height of the third diversion area 43 is 2.28m, and the weir top height of the water collection tank 44 is 2.27m. The height of the water outlet side of the diversion area 4 is not less than the height of the buffer layer II.

[0072] After the hydrolysis acidification reactor has been running stably for a period of time, the sludge layer I in the hydrolysis acidification reactor is maintained at 0.5m to 1.0m below the overflow weir by controlling the sludge discharge volume to prevent sludge loss caused by the expansion of the sludge layer I. The sludge discharge of the hydrolysis acidification reactor can be controlled by a sludge interface meter.

[0073] The above detailed description of the specific implementation of the utility model is only used as an example, and the utility model is not limited to the specific implementation described above. For those skilled in the art, any equivalent modification or substitution of the utility model is also within the scope of the utility model. Therefore, the equalization, modification, improvement, etc. made without departing from the spirit and principle of the utility model should be included in the scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A hydrolysis acidification reactor, characterized in that: include: The reaction zone is provided with multiple process sections distributed in sequence. The process sections are divided into a sludge layer, a buffer layer, a suspension layer and a clear water zone from bottom to top. An overflow weir is formed on the top of each process section. The height of the overflow weir decreases in the direction of the process section. Fillers are provided in the suspension layer. The diversion area receives drainage from the clean water area of ​​one process section over the overflow weir at one end and introduces the buffer layer of another process section at the other end; A water inlet assembly, which is provided with a water inlet main pipe and a connected water distributor, and the water distributor is located in the sludge layer of the first-stage process section; The drainage component is provided with a drainage main pipe, which receives the drainage from the final process section over its overflow weir.

2. The hydrolysis acidification reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-stage process sections of the reaction zone are distributed in sequence along the horizontal direction, and reaction zones are arranged between adjacent process sections.

3. The hydrolysis acidification reactor according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The buffer layer of the final process section is connected to the first process section through an internal reflux pipeline.

4. The hydrolysis acidification reactor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner reflux pipeline is provided with a pipeline pump for adjusting the reflux flow rate of the inner reflux pipeline.

5. The hydrolysis acidification reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diversion area also includes a water collection tank, which is connected to the drainage main pipe. The water collection tank is installed in the final process section to receive the drainage of the final process section over its overflow weir.

6. The hydrolysis acidification reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fillers corresponding to the multi-stage process sections are distributed at the same height.

7. The hydrolysis acidification reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water distributor comprises a drainage main pipe, a water distribution main pipe and a water distribution branch pipe which are connected in sequence, and the water inlet main pipe passes through the side wall of the process section and is connected to the water distribution main pipe.

8. The hydrolysis acidification reactor according to claim 7, characterized in that: The water inlet main pipe is connected to the middle of the water distribution main pipe, both ends of the water distribution main pipe are connected to water distribution main pipes, both ends of the water distribution main pipe are connected to water distribution branch pipes, and water distribution holes are distributed on the water distribution branch pipes.

9. The hydrolysis acidification reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A mud discharge pipe is arranged in the process section.

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