Intercepting and purifying device suitable for river-entering farmland ditch

Abstract

The utility model provides an intercepting and purifying device suitable for river-entering farmland ditches, which comprises an intercepting structure and a purifying structure, the intercepting structure comprises a sludge deposition and grit chamber and a steel grating, a denitrification device containing denitrifying phosphorus-accumulating bacteria and adsorptive mineral materials is placed in the sludge deposition and grit chamber, and the steel grating is arranged in the sludge deposition and grit chamber. A sand setting inlet and a sand setting outlet are formed in the two opposite sides of the steel grating respectively, the steel grating is arranged at the sand setting outlet, and the sand setting inlet is used for being communicated with an ecological ditch; the purification structure comprises an ecological purification pond and a gabion packing bed, the ecological purification pond is provided with a purification inlet and a purification outlet, gabions are arranged at the purification inlet and the purification outlet, the ecological purification pond is tightly attached to the sludge deposition and grit chamber, the purification inlet is opposite to and communicated with the grit inlet, and the gabion packing bed is arranged in the sludge deposition and grit chamber. And the gabion packing bed is arranged in the ecological purification pond.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of ecological ditch purification, in particular to an interception and purification device suitable for farmland ditches entering rivers. Background Art

[0002] To solve the above problems, the original technology is a nitrogen and phosphorus removal module, which is mainly placed in the bottom mud capture well and is composed of porous minerals and other materials. It is a module used to simultaneously remove nitrogen and phosphorus from ditch water. Due to the improvement of regional water quality targets and the centralized discharge of farmland drainage, a simple ecological ditch system often cannot meet the goal of reducing the pollutant load entering the river. In the actual ecological ditch construction, supporting enhanced purification measures are often added before the ditch enters the river. The more common processes include nitrogen and phosphorus removal modules. These processes have the characteristics of low investment and low operating costs, but due to the large area occupied, some narrow ditches are not applicable; the structure is relatively complex, which is easy to cause blockage and siltation, affecting the nitrogen and phosphorus removal effect, difficult maintenance, and poor appearance of metal structure aging and plant withering in the later stage. There are great limitations in actual engineering applications and it is not suitable for promotion. Utility Model Content

[0003] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the utility model is to provide an interception and purification device suitable for farmland ditches entering rivers. Through physical interception and filtration, plant purification and absorption, and microbial physical and chemical purification, the layer-by-layer purification of farmland ditch drainage is achieved, and larger suspended matter, eutrophication factors such as nitrogen and phosphorus, and organic and inorganic pollutants in the water body are removed. It has the advantages of a wide response surface, small land space occupation, low construction cost, simple structure, high engineering flexibility, high purification efficiency, simple operation and maintenance, and good landscape effect. It has good economy, practicality and wide applicability.

[0004] In the current context of serious agricultural non-point source pollution, nitrogen and phosphorus removal facilities should be further optimized in terms of structure, function, effect, applicability, etc. to make them more functional, more effective, and more widely applicable, forming a group of replicable and popularizable high-standard demonstration models and operating mechanisms that can better serve the agricultural non-point source ecological interception system.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the solution of the utility model is:

[0006] A new type of multi-media submerged flow ecological purification device applied to the farmland ecological interception system. The device mainly works through the ecological purification pool, including the mud sedimentation pool and the ecological pool. The mud sedimentation pool is placed with a denitrification device containing denitrifying polyphosphate bacteria and adsorptive mineral materials. After the farmland drainage enters the mud sedimentation pool, part of the phosphorus can be removed by biological action. At the same time, because the water flow rate in the mud sedimentation pool is relatively slow, the sediment is easier to settle. Regularly returning the settled sediment to the rice field is conducive to reducing soil erosion and providing a place for aquatic plants to resist the impact of water flow. The emergent plants in the ecological pool can be selected from varieties such as yellow iris, loosestrife, canna, etc., which have strong environmental adaptability, high purification ability and good landscape effect. The multi-media filler layer is mainly composed of pebbles, gravel, steel slag, zeolite, and volcanic rock, which integrates biofilm degradation of organic matter technology, physical adsorption phosphorus removal technology and aquatic plant denitrification technology.

[0007] The interception and purification structure includes a sludge settling tank and a steel grille. The purification structure is mainly a gabion stone cage filler bed. The overall layout principle is to take the ecological ditch as the center, and to set up a sludge settling tank at the end of the farmland drainage ditch and the confluence of the drainage ditch, within the revetment; after the farmland drainage is discharged from the outlet, it enters the sludge settling tank for mud removal and sedimentation, and then enters the ecological purification tank, and enters the river after purification through plant fiber filtration, multi-media fillers, and aquatic plant adsorption, purifying the water quality layer by layer, thereby reducing the pollutants in the river water body. In addition to the rectangular layout, other shapes can be selected according to actual conditions.

[0008] The steel grating is a 6mm diameter round steel with a uniform spacing of 25mm. It is used for preliminary interception and filtration of agricultural sewage to prevent garbage and large particles from clogging the subsequent packing bed. The mesh diameter can be adjusted according to actual conditions.

[0009] The multi-media filler layer in the gabion stone cage filler bed is filled and fixed by gabion stones, a water-emergent plant layer is arranged on the top of the gabion stone cage filler bed, and a first filler layer, a second filler layer, a third filler layer, a fourth filler layer and a fifth filler layer are arranged in the gabion stone cage from top to bottom in order to purify the farmland sewage layer by layer.

[0010] The emergent plant layer may be selected from varieties such as yellow iris, loosestrife, and canna.

[0011] The total height of the first packing layer, the second packing layer, the third packing layer, the fourth packing layer and the fifth packing layer is level with the water surface.

[0012] The thickness of the first packing layer is 50mm; the thickness of the second packing layer is 200mm; the thickness of the third packing layer is 200mm; the thickness of the fourth packing layer is 350mm; the thickness of the fifth packing layer is 200mm.

[0013] The particle size of the filler in the first filler layer is 10mm to 20mm; the particle size of the filler in the second filler layer is 10mm to 20mm; the particle size of the filler in the third filler layer is 20mm to 30mm; the particle size of the filler in the fourth filler layer is 30mm to 50mm; and the particle size of the filler in the fifth filler layer is 30mm to 40mm.

[0014] The gabion cage is a box-shaped structure woven from steel wires, with an aperture of 15*15mm and a mesh wire diameter of 1.5-2.5mm.

[0015] Due to the adoption of the above technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the utility model include: farmland drainage first passes through a sludge settling tank to conduct preliminary interception, sedimentation and filtration of sewage to prevent garbage and large particles from clogging subsequent filler beds; secondly, the water quality is biologically purified by microorganisms absorbed by emergent plants in the gabion stone cage filler bed and attached to plant roots to remove pollutants in rainwater, while creating a ditch landscape, and purification fillers of different particle sizes and types (pebbles, gravel, steel slag, zeolite, volcanic rocks) are used for layer-by-layer purification to remove suspended solids SS and degradable pollutants (organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, etc.) in farmland sewage; the device has the advantages of small land space occupation, low construction cost, high engineering flexibility, high purification efficiency, simple operation and maintenance, good landscape effect, etc., and has good economy, practicality and wide applicability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a plan view of the interception and purification device of the utility model which is applicable to farmland ditches entering rivers.

[0017] Figure 2 for Figure 1 AA section view in.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a plan view of the utility model applicable to the farmland ecological interception and purification device.

[0019] Markings in the figure:

[0020] 1. Mud and grit chamber; 2. Steel grating; 3. Emergent plants; 4. Gabion stone cage filler bed; 5. Gabion stone cage; 6. C20 concrete; 7. First filler layer; 8. Second filler layer; 9. Third filler layer; 10. Fourth filler layer; 11. Fifth filler layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0022] See also Figure 1-2The utility model provides an interception and purification device suitable for farmland ecology, which includes an interception structure and a purification structure. The interception structure includes a sludge settling tank 1 and a steel grille 2 for settling the silt in the farmland drainage. The sludge settling tank 2 is provided with a sand settling inlet (not shown in the figure) and a sand settling outlet on opposite sides. The sand settling inlet is used to communicate with the ecological ditch. A denitrification device containing denitrifying polyphosphate bacteria and adsorptive mineral materials is placed in the sludge settling tank 1. The denitrification device is a prior art in the field and will not be described in detail here. The steel grille 2 is arranged at the sand settling outlet; the purification structure The structure includes an ecological purification tank and a gabion stone cage filler bed 4. The gabion stone cage in the middle of the ecological purification tank divides the tank into two areas. The gabion stone cage filler bed is arranged in each area. The ecological purification tank is arranged close to the sludge settling tank. A purification inlet is arranged at one end of the ecological purification tank, and a purification outlet is arranged at the other end of the ecological purification tank. The purification inlet is opposite to and connected with the sand settling outlet. Gabion stone cages are arranged at the purification inlet, the purification outlet and the middle of the ecological purification tank. The gabion stone cage filler bed is arranged in the ecological purification tank to purify farmland sewage.

[0023] When in use, farmland drainage is discharged from the outlet, enters the mud and sand settling tank to remove mud sediment, and then enters the ecological purification pool. The ecological purification pool enters the river after purification through multi-media fillers and aquatic plants, purifying the water quality layer by layer, thereby reducing pollutants in the river water body.

[0024] The overall layout principle of the farmland ecological interception and purification device is to take the ecological ditch as the center, and set up an ecological purification pool at the end of the farmland drainage ditch and the confluence of the drainage ditch, within the revetment; Figure 3 As shown, in addition to the rectangular arrangement, other shapes can be selected according to actual conditions.

[0025] The silt settling tank 1 is a concrete structure, which is used to settle the silt in the farmland drainage to prevent garbage and large particles from blocking the water flow. The depth can be adjusted according to actual conditions.

[0026] The steel grating 2 serves as an interception and needs to be salvaged and cleaned regularly. The steel grating consists of a frame and a group of parallel bars. The frame is welded from angle steel. The material can be selected from Q235B+ galvanized or stainless steel, etc. The shape is rectangular, and the size can be adjusted according to the channel size and water flow; the cross-sectional shape of the bars is circular (to reduce water flow resistance), and 6mm round steel is used, welded and fixed inside the frame. The direction of the bars is perpendicular to the long side of the frame, and every two bars are parallel to each other. The width of the gap between the bars is 25mm. The material can be selected from Q235B+ galvanized or stainless steel, etc. The steel grating has a protective effect on subsequent processing equipment, and is used to intercept larger suspended matter and floating objects in the water to prevent clogging of the packing layer. The mesh diameter of the steel grating 2 can be adjusted according to actual conditions.

[0027] The gabion stone cage packing bed 4 is filled with five layers of packing fixed by gabion stone cages, and the thickness from top to bottom is 50mm, 200mm, 200mm, 350mm, and 200mm respectively, which can also be adjusted according to the actual water quality and treatment requirements. The total height is level with the water surface. The top of the gabion stone cage packing bed is provided with an emergent plant layer 3. The gabion stone cage packing bed is provided with a first packing layer 7, a second packing layer 8, a third packing layer 9, a fourth packing layer 10, and a fifth packing layer 11 from top to bottom, and the farmland sewage is purified layer by layer. The first packing layer 7 is filled with pebbles, the second packing layer 8 is filled with gravel, the third packing layer 9 is filled with gravel, the fourth packing layer is filled with steel slag, and the fifth packing layer 11 is filled with a 1:1 mixture of zeolite and volcanic rock. After the water flows through the gabion cage, it will show turbulent state in the filler area, the water body will be fully mixed, and the pollutants in the water will be in full contact with each filler layer, which can meet the purification effect. The filler layer not only plays a filtering role, but different fillers will produce biochemical and physicochemical reactions with different pollutants to achieve adsorption and degradation of pollutants.

[0028] The gabion cage 5 is a box-shaped structure woven from steel wires, with a hole diameter of 15*15mm and a mesh wire diameter of 1.5-2.5mm. It should be noted that the shape of the hole is square.

[0029] Emergent plants 3 mostly include varieties such as yellow iris, loosestrife, canna, etc., which have strong environmental adaptability, high purification ability and good landscape effect.

[0030] The multi-media submerged flow ecological purification pool uses natural sedimentation and front-end fiber filtration to remove most of the suspended solids in the farmland drainage water; relying on the nitrification of microorganisms attached to the surface of the filter material, the ammonia nitrogen in the water is converted into nitrite and nitrate successively through the nitrite and nitrification of nitrite bacteria and nitrifying bacteria, thereby achieving effective removal of ammonia nitrogen in the water; the organic matter in the sewage consists of insoluble organic particles and soluble organic matter. The insoluble organic matter can be quickly intercepted by the filtration of the front-end plant fiber matrix, and the soluble organic matter is decomposed and removed by the adsorption and absorption of the plant root biofilm and the metabolic degradation process of microorganisms; the removal of phosphorus-containing pollutants is first through the adsorption and storage of the packing bed, the assimilation and absorption of microorganisms and aquatic plants, the adsorption of the bottom mud and other multiple effects, and finally the phosphorus is removed from the water by plant harvesting or regular replacement of the packing.

[0031] In order to better purify sewage and improve the purification effect, the first packing layer 7 is filled with pebbles with a particle size of 10mm to 20mm; the second packing layer 8 is filled with gravel with a particle size of 10mm to 20mm; the third packing layer 9 is filled with gravel with a particle size of 20mm to 30mm; the fourth packing layer 10 is filled with steel slag with a particle size of 30mm to 50mm; the fifth packing layer 11 is filled with a 1:1 mixture of zeolite and volcanic rock, and its particle size is 30mm to 40mm.

[0032] From the above, it can be seen that the multi-media submerged flow ecological purification process of the utility model is composed of a mud removal sedimentation area + a plant fiber filtration system + a multi-media filler layer, which makes full use of physical interception and filtration, plant purification and absorption, and microbial physical and chemical purification to achieve layer-by-layer purification of farmland drainage water, remove larger suspended solids, eutrophication factors such as nitrogen and phosphorus, and organic and inorganic pollutants in the water body, so that various pollutants such as suspended solids, COD, ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus in the drainage water can be degraded and removed, reducing the amount of agricultural non-point source pollution entering the river, and creating a farmland ditch landscape at the same time.

[0033] A new combined process of "ecological ditch + multi-media submerged flow ecological purification" has been developed. It has the advantages of small footprint, high hydraulic load, low operating cost, etc., and has good removal effects on COD, NH3-N, and TP. The multi-media submerged flow ecological purification process removes pollutants through multiple effects such as contact precipitation, adsorption, and biodegradation, and adopts a filler combination of "pebbles + steel slag + zeolite". Compared with traditional sewage treatment technology, it occupies a small area, and the hydraulic load and effluent water quality are significantly improved.

[0034] The above related explanations and descriptions of the embodiments are for the convenience of ordinary technicians in the technical field to understand and apply the utility model. It is obvious that those familiar with the technology in the field can easily make various modifications to these contents and apply the general principles described here to other embodiments without creative work. Therefore, the utility model is not limited to the above related explanations and descriptions of the embodiments. Improvements and modifications made by technicians in the field based on the disclosure of the utility model without departing from the scope of the utility model should be within the scope of protection of the utility model.

Claims

1. An interception and purification device suitable for farmland ditches entering rivers, characterized in that: include: The interception structure includes a sedimentation tank and a steel grille for settling the sediment in the farmland drainage. The sedimentation tank is provided with a sedimentation inlet and a sedimentation outlet on opposite sides thereof. The sedimentation inlet is used to communicate with the ecological ditch. A denitrification device containing denitrifying polyphosphate bacteria and adsorbent mineral materials is placed in the sedimentation tank. The steel grille is arranged at the sedimentation outlet. A purification structure, comprising an ecological purification pool and a gabion stone cage filler bed, wherein the ecological purification pool is arranged close to the sludge sedimentation pool, one end of the ecological purification pool is provided with a purification inlet, the other end of the ecological purification pool is provided with a purification outlet, and the purification inlet is directly opposite to and connected with the sedimentation outlet, the purification inlet and the purification outlet and the center of the ecological purification pool are all provided with gabion stone cages, and the gabion stone cage filler bed is arranged in the ecological purification pool to purify farmland sewage; The gabion gabion filling bed is filled with five layers of fixed fillers, and its total height is level with the water surface. A layer of emergent plants is arranged on the top of the gabion gabion filling bed. The gabion gabion is provided with a first filler layer, a second filler layer, a third filler layer, a fourth filler layer and a fifth filler layer from top to bottom, so as to purify agricultural sewage layer by layer. The first filler layer is filled with pebbles, the second filler layer and the third filler layer are filled with gravel, the fourth filler layer is filled with steel slag, and the fifth filler layer is filled with a mixture of zeolite and volcanic rock.

2. The interception and purification device for farmland ditches entering rivers according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The sludge settling tank is a concrete structure.

3. The interception and purification device for farmland ditches entering rivers according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The steel grating is composed of a frame and a group of parallel bars. The frame is welded from angle steels, 6mm diameter round steel, and 25mm spacing is uniformly distributed. It is used for preliminary interception and filtration of agricultural sewage.

4. The interception and purification device for farmland ditches entering rivers according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The pebble filler particle size of the first filler layer is 10 mm to 20 mm; The gravel filler particle size of the second filler layer is 10 mm to 20 mm; The particle size of the gravel filler in the third filler layer is 20 mm to 30 mm; The particle size of the steel slag filler in the fourth filler layer is 30 mm to 50 mm; The particle size of the zeolite and volcanic rock mixed filler in the fifth filler layer is 30 mm to 40 mm.

5. The interception and purification device for farmland ditches entering rivers according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The gabion cage is a box-shaped structure woven from steel wires, with an aperture of 15*15mm and a mesh wire diameter of 1.5-2.5mm.

6. The interception and purification device for farmland ditches entering rivers according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The gabion stone cage in the middle of the ecological purification pool divides the pool into two areas, and the gabion stone cage filler bed is arranged in each area.

7. The interception and purification device for farmland ditches entering rivers according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The emergent plant layer is selected from yellow iris, loosestrife or canna.

Images