Building construction site arrangement optimization method and system and storage medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a building construction site arrangement optimization method and system and a storage medium. According to the main scheme, the method comprises the steps that topographic data, building layout data and equipment layout data of a building construction site are acquired; drawing a construction site rough arrangement diagram according to the collected building layout data and equipment layout data by using CAD software, and importing the rough arrangement diagram into BIM modeling software to generate a construction site basic model; analyzing the construction site basic model of the BIM technology, and marking a problem area of the basic model; an optimization model is formed by changing the layout of a problem area of the basic model; and analyzing the optimization model to judge whether the optimization model meets the standard or not. According to the technical scheme, intelligent optimization and real-time monitoring of construction site arrangement can be realized, the construction efficiency is improved, the cost is reduced, and the construction safety is enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a construction site layout optimization method, in particular to a construction site layout optimization method based on BIM technology. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the construction industry, traditional construction site layout methods can no longer meet the complexity and efficiency requirements of modern construction projects. The layout and storage of traditional construction sites may not be reasonable due to the narrow terrain or the surrounding environment. The unreasonable layout of the construction site may limit the activity space of construction equipment, materials and construction personnel, which in turn affects the construction efficiency and may cause problems such as chaotic material stacking and traffic accidents. In the actual construction process, in order to save time for picking materials and simplify the work process, site managers often do not store materials in accordance with the specifications. This will cause construction materials to be piled up and placed randomly on the construction site, which not only causes a waste of construction materials and funds, but also may affect the safety of the construction site. Summary of the invention

[0003] 1. Technical issues to be resolved In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a construction site layout optimization method, system and storage medium. By simulating the construction process through BIM technology, project managers can clearly understand the time nodes and key process conditions of the construction process, grasp the difficulties and key points in the construction, and then optimize the construction plan and improve construction efficiency. BIM technology can reasonably calculate the construction area and on-site material transportation space, simulate the location of temporary buildings, refine traffic routes and pipeline placement, and improve the utilization rate of the construction site. It solves the problems of high construction cost, unreasonable space utilization, and high time and resource consumption.

[0004] (II) Technical solution To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: A construction site layout optimization method, comprising: obtaining topographic data, building layout data and equipment layout data of the construction site; Use CAD software to draw a rough layout of the construction site based on the collected building layout data and equipment layout data, and import the rough layout into the BIM modeling software to generate a basic model of the construction site; Analyze the construction site foundation model of BIM technology and mark the problem areas of the foundation model; Analyze the basic model of the construction site through BIM modeling software to determine the defects of the basic model; By analyzing the optimization model, it is determined whether the optimization model meets the standards.

[0005] In the preferred embodiment of the above-mentioned construction site layout optimization method: site survey: survey the topography, landform and geology of the construction site, obtain the topographic data of the construction site, obtain the building data and equipment data of the construction site, mark the location, and generate the building layout data and equipment layout data; In the preferred embodiment of the above-mentioned construction site layout optimization method: a rough layout diagram of the construction site is drawn using CAD software based on the collected building layout data and equipment layout data, and the rough layout diagram is imported into BIM modeling software to generate a basic model of the construction site.

[0006] In the preferred embodiment of the above-mentioned construction site layout optimization method: the BIM basic model is imported into the BIM software to ensure the integrity and accuracy of the model data; the entire basic model is preliminarily reviewed to ensure that the model is consistent with the construction drawings and design requirements; if there are any differences, the problem areas of the basic model are marked.

[0007] In the preferred embodiment of the above-mentioned method for optimizing the layout of a construction site: defects existing by changing the basic model include insufficient spacing between adjacent equipment, insufficient channel width, insufficient material yard area, and insufficient safety distance between adjacent tower cranes.

[0008] In the preferred embodiment of the above-mentioned construction site layout optimization method, the method for judging whether the distance between adjacent equipment in the construction site is insufficient is as follows: Get the actual distance value F between adjacent devices; Calculate the safety distance between adjacent devices , the calculation formula is as follows:

[0009] in, is the size of the first device; is the size of the second device; S is the safety distance between adjacent devices; The actual spacing value F of adjacent equipment and the safety distance value of adjacent equipment By comparison, the actual distance value F between adjacent devices is greater than the safety distance value between adjacent devices. , then the distance between two adjacent devices is reasonable. If the actual distance value F of adjacent devices is less than the safety distance value of adjacent devices , then the distance between two adjacent devices is insufficient; Determine the minimum channel width The method to check if it is insufficient is as follows: Get the actual channel width value G; Calculate the minimum channel width , the calculation formula is as follows: in: is the maximum material width; is the safety margin; The actual channel width G and the minimum channel width Compare, if the actual channel width G> the minimum channel width , then the width of the channel is reasonable, if the actual channel width G ≤ the minimum channel width , the channel width is insufficient.

[0010] In the preferred embodiment of the above-mentioned construction site layout optimization method, forming the optimization model further comprises the following steps: The method to determine whether the material yard area is insufficient is: Get the actual area J of the material yard; Calculate the preset area of ​​the material yard , the calculation formula is as follows: The area occupied by each material on the horizontal plane is calculated as:

[0011] in, is the horizontal footprint of the bth material; is the total volume of the bth material; is the average stacking height of the ith material; The total storage area of ​​materials is calculated by the following formula:

[0012] in, is the total yard area; is the number of types of materials; It is Horizontal footprint of the material; It is the safe distance between the b-type material and the edge of the foundation pit; The actual area of ​​the material yard J Pre-set area of ​​material yard By comparison, if the preset area of ​​the material yard The actual area of ​​the material yard is J, then the material yard area at the construction site is insufficient, and the preset area of ​​the material yard ≤ the actual area of ​​the material yard J, then the material yard area at the construction site is reasonable; Get the safety distance Z between adjacent tower cranes; The calculation formula for calculating the safe distance between adjacent tower cranes at the construction site is as follows:

[0013] in, is the safety distance between adjacent tower cranes; is the length of the low tower crane boom; The length of the low tower crane jib should be 2m away from the tower of another tower crane; The obtained safety distance Z between adjacent tower cranes and the safety distance between adjacent tower cranes By comparison, if the safety distance Z between adjacent tower cranes is greater than the safety distance between adjacent tower cranes The installation distance between the two tower cranes at the construction site is unreasonable. If the safety distance Z between adjacent tower cranes is less than the safety distance between adjacent tower cranes, Then the installation distance between the two tower cranes at the construction site is reasonable.

[0014] In the preferred embodiment of the above-mentioned construction site layout optimization method: the space utilization rate of each area of ​​the construction site is analyzed by BIM modeling software to obtain the optimized space utilization rate index. ; Use BIM modeling software to simulate the flow paths of construction vehicles, personnel and materials to obtain , combined with the progress simulation results, analyze the resource allocation efficiency index of the construction process ; Conduct safety risk assessment through BIM modeling software to obtain the safety hazard risk index ; The comprehensive evaluation index of the optimized construction site is calculated through the above data ; The formula is as follows:

[0015] in, is the weight coefficient of space utilization, is the weight coefficient of construction flow line efficiency, is the weight coefficient of resource allocation efficiency, is the safety hazard risk weight coefficient; Preset comprehensive evaluation index threshold K; when the comprehensive evaluation index is met ≥ the comprehensive evaluation index threshold K, the construction site meets the construction layout standards; when the comprehensive evaluation index is met When the comprehensive evaluation index is less than the threshold value K, the construction site does not meet the construction layout standards.

[0016] The present invention also discloses a construction site layout optimization system, comprising: A data acquisition module, used to acquire topographic data, building layout data, and equipment layout data of a construction site; BIM model integration module: Use CAD software to draw a rough layout of the construction site based on the collected building layout data and equipment layout data, and import the rough layout into the BIM modeling software to generate a basic model of the construction site; BIM basic model analysis module: Analyze the basic model of the construction site through BIM modeling software to determine the defects of the basic model; BIM model optimization module: adjust the layout of the problem area of ​​the basic model according to the defects of the basic model to form an optimized model; BIM optimization model analysis module: By analyzing the optimization model, determine whether the optimization model meets the construction layout standards.

[0017] The present invention also discloses a construction site layout optimization storage medium, comprising: A computer program capable of implementing the construction site layout optimization method described above is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the construction site layout optimization method described above can be implemented.

[0018] (III) Beneficial effects The present invention provides a construction site layout optimization method, system and storage medium, which have the following beneficial effects: (1) Improve construction efficiency. BIM technology can integrate architectural design drawings, construction drawings and other information into the same model, making design and construction seamlessly connected and reducing errors and delays in information transmission. Through three-dimensional construction simulation using BIM models, problems in the design can be discovered in advance, avoiding unnecessary modifications and adjustments during the construction process, thereby significantly improving construction efficiency.

[0019] (2) Reduce construction costs. BIM technology allows virtual construction simulation before construction, which can identify potential construction risks and take preventive measures to reduce delays and cost increases during the construction process. The automated quantity calculation function of BIM technology can accurately calculate material requirements, avoid material waste and over-purchasing, and further reduce construction costs.

[0020] (3) Improve construction quality. BIM technology can conduct virtual simulation of the construction process in advance to identify problems in the design and risks in the construction, so as to make improvements and preventions in advance and improve construction quality and reliability. The BIM model can be compared with the construction site in real time to promptly identify and correct deviations in the construction, ensuring that every link in the construction process meets the design and specification requirements.

[0021] (4) Optimizing construction organization. BIM technology can achieve optimal configuration and reasonable allocation of various construction resources, improve the collaboration efficiency of the construction team and the feasibility of the construction plan. Through the simulation function of BIM technology, real-time monitoring and tracking of construction progress can be achieved, problems and delays in the construction progress can be discovered in time, and corresponding measures can be taken to adjust and optimize the progress. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the steps of a construction site layout optimization method, system and storage medium of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] See also Figure 1 , the present invention provides a method for optimizing the layout of a construction site, comprising: acquiring topographic data, building layout data, and equipment layout data of the construction site; Use CAD software to draw a rough layout of the construction site based on the collected building layout data and equipment layout data, and import the rough layout into the BIM modeling software to generate a basic model of the construction site; Analyze the construction site foundation model of BIM technology and mark the problem areas of the foundation model; Analyze the basic model of the construction site through BIM modeling software to determine the defects of the basic model; By analyzing the optimization model, it is determined whether the optimization model meets the standards.

[0025] Step 1: Obtaining topographic data, building layout data, and equipment layout data of the construction site; Step one includes: obtaining data on the topography, landform, geology, culture, meteorology, water source, power source, material source or material yard, transportation, communication and liaison, urban construction planning, and farmland water conservancy facilities of the construction site; determining the scope of the construction site and how much land is within this scope, which is permanent and which is temporary according to the construction drawings and temporary construction needs; whether the original roads and bridges can withstand heavy loads needs to be investigated and verified, and those that do not meet the requirements should be widened or reinforced to ensure safe and unobstructed roads; by comparing data from different sources, checking the consistency between data and ensuring the accuracy of the BIM model; by formulating a unified data format and standard, data from different sources can be more easily integrated into the BIM model; this can improve the efficiency and accuracy of data processing. When obtaining this data, attention should be paid to the accuracy and completeness of the data to ensure the smooth progress of the subsequent construction process.

[0026] Step 2: Use CAD software to draw a rough layout of the construction site based on the collected building layout data and equipment layout data, and import the rough layout into the BIM modeling software to generate a basic model of the construction site.

[0027] Step 2 includes: First, you need to use CAD software to draw a rough layout of the construction site based on the collected building layout data and equipment layout data, and then import the CAD rough layout into the BIM modeling software. This can usually be done by importing DWG or DXF file formats. Before importing, you need to ensure the integrity and accuracy of the CAD drawing, and adjust its units and coordinate system to match the BIM software.

[0028] According to the construction drawings and project requirements, the BIM model can clearly divide different construction areas, such as the foundation construction area, the main structure construction area, the decoration construction area, etc., and mark them in the model; using the tools of BIM software, the boundaries of each construction area can be accurately defined and marked by color, label or text for easy management and identification.

[0029] The BIM model can display the layout of construction roads, including main roads, auxiliary roads and temporary roads, which can be designed and adjusted according to construction needs and site conditions. In the BIM model, road parameters such as width, material type, slope, etc. can be set to ensure that the road can meet the traffic needs of construction vehicles and pedestrians. Through the BIM model, the safety performance of the road can be simulated and analyzed, such as traffic flow, line of sight, safety of intersections, etc., so as to discover potential safety hazards in advance and take corresponding measures.

[0030] The BIM model can accurately display the location and layout of material yards, including the number, size and location of the yards, which can be reasonably planned and arranged according to construction needs and material types. In the BIM model, the information of each material, such as name, specification, quantity, etc., can be recorded to facilitate material management and tracking. In addition, the collision detection function in the model can avoid conflicts and collisions during the material stacking process. The BIM model can also take into account environmental protection factors, such as setting up dust screens, noise barriers, etc., to reduce the impact of construction on the surrounding environment.

[0031] According to construction requirements and site conditions, appropriate construction equipment, such as excavators, cranes, concrete mixers, etc., can be selected in the BIM model; through the BIM model, the layout and movement path of the equipment can be simulated to ensure that the equipment can operate efficiently and avoid conflicts with construction areas and roads; combining BIM and IoT technology, construction equipment can be monitored and managed in real time, such as equipment status, work progress, etc., to improve construction efficiency and quality.

[0032] Temporary facilities such as temporary offices, rest areas, toilets, etc. can also be planned and represented in the BIM model; the BIM model can be used to simulate and analyze safety risks in the construction process, such as falls from heights, object strikes, etc., so as to formulate corresponding safety measures and emergency plans; through the BIM model, the construction progress can be simulated and predicted, helping the project management team to control and optimize the construction progress.

[0033] Use BIM modeling tools to create basic building elements such as walls, floors, ceilings, columns, etc. based on the information on the CAD drawings. These elements should be accurate representations of the geometric shapes on the CAD drawings; add corresponding BIM elements such as doors, windows, stairs, elevators, etc. based on the details on the CAD drawings; adjust and modify the BIM model as needed, which may include adjusting dimensions, adding materials and details, etc. At the same time, ensure that the differences and problems between the BIM model and the original CAD drawings are repaired and modified.

[0034] Associating other relevant information with the BIM model, such as materials, component parameters, equipment information, etc., will help achieve information unification and coordination in the subsequent design and construction process; checking and verifying the established BIM model to ensure the accuracy, completeness and consistency of the model, which will help reduce possible problems and errors in the future; further BIM modeling work will be carried out as needed, such as adding furniture, decoration, collision detection, energy analysis, etc. These analyses can help designers and engineers better understand the feasibility and optimization direction of the design plan.

[0035] Step 3: Analyze the construction site basic model of BIM technology and mark the problem areas of the basic model; Step three includes: checking whether the sizes and proportions of the construction area, roads, material yards and construction equipment in the model are consistent with the actual situation; for example, whether there are obvious deviations in road width, material yard area, equipment size, etc.; analyzing whether the positions of various elements in the model such as construction equipment, material yards, etc. are consistent with the actual situation on site. If there are obvious deviations, it may cause confusion and safety hazards during the construction process.

[0036] Check whether the model contains all necessary construction elements, such as temporary facilities, safety facilities, drainage systems, etc. If the information is missing, it may lead to omissions and negligence during the construction process; evaluate the performance of the model in terms of details, such as whether equipment models, material types, road materials, etc. are marked in detail. If the details are insufficient, it may affect the accuracy and feasibility of the construction plan.

[0037] Compare the topography in the model with the actual situation on site. If there is an obvious discrepancy, it may affect earth excavation, road paving and other operations during the construction process. Analyze whether the construction area, roads, material yards, etc. in the model conflict with the surrounding environment. If there is a conflict, it may lead to adjustments and changes during the construction process.

[0038] Check whether the construction roads meet the traffic needs of construction vehicles and pedestrians, such as width, slope, material type, etc. If there are problems, it may cause traffic congestion and safety hazards during the construction process; evaluate whether the location, size and layout of the material yard are reasonable and whether it is convenient for the storage, transportation and use of materials. If there are problems, it may lead to material waste and delays in construction progress; analyze whether the selection, layout and operation of construction equipment meet the construction needs and safety requirements. If there are problems, it may affect the construction efficiency and quality.

[0039] Based on the above analysis, the problematic areas should be clearly marked, which can be marked by color, label or text, so that the project management team can quickly identify and deal with the problems. Special attention should be paid to serious problems or potential risk areas, and corresponding response measures and plans should be formulated.

[0040] In summary, when analyzing the basic model of the construction site of BIM technology, it is necessary to pay attention to the accuracy, completeness, matching degree with the actual situation on site and functional problems of the model. By clearly marking the problem areas, the project management team can formulate improvement measures and optimization plans more targetedly, thereby improving construction efficiency and quality.

[0041] Step 4: Form an optimized model by changing the layout of the problem area of ​​the basic model; this includes the spacing between adjacent equipment at the construction site, channel width, material yard area, and safe distance between tower cranes.

[0042] Step 4 includes: After analyzing the problem areas of the construction site foundation model through BIM technology, we can optimize the model layout based on the analysis results to form a more reasonable and efficient optimization model.

[0043] Analyze the working radius and moving range of adjacent equipment to ensure that the distance between them is large enough to avoid mutual interference during operation; rearrange the equipment positions in the BIM model so that the distance between adjacent equipment meets safety requirements and work efficiency.

[0044] In order to optimize the layout of the construction site, we can use the formula calculation to adjust the equipment position: The following are methods to determine whether the spacing between adjacent equipment at a construction site is insufficient: Get the actual distance value F between adjacent devices; Calculate the safety distance between adjacent devices , the calculation formula is as follows:

[0045] in: is the size of the first device; is the size of the second device; S is the safety distance between adjacent devices; The actual spacing value F of adjacent equipment and the safety distance value of adjacent equipment By comparison, the actual distance value F between adjacent devices is greater than the safety distance value between adjacent devices. , then the distance between two adjacent devices is reasonable. If the actual distance value F of adjacent devices is less than the safety distance value of adjacent devices, , then the distance between two adjacent devices is insufficient; Formation principle: This formula is used to calculate the minimum distance between two adjacent devices to ensure a safe distance between the devices and facilitate operation; Parameter source and value range: Equipment size and safety distance are derived from on-site survey data, and the value range is determined based on specific equipment and safety requirements.

[0046] Determine the minimum width of the passage based on the traffic needs of construction vehicles and pedestrians; adjust the width of the passage in the BIM model to ensure that the passage is wide enough for construction vehicles and pedestrians to pass smoothly; consider the turning radius of the passage to ensure that large construction vehicles can turn and turn around smoothly.

[0047] To optimize the layout of the construction site, we can use the formula calculation to adjust the channel width to achieve higher efficiency and safety: Determine the minimum channel width The method to check if it is insufficient is as follows: Get the actual channel width value G; Calculate the minimum channel width , the calculation formula is as follows: in: is the maximum material width; is the safety margin; The actual channel width G and the minimum channel width Compare, if the actual channel width G> the minimum channel width , then the width of the channel is reasonable, if the actual channel width G ≤ the minimum channel width , the channel width is insufficient.

[0048] Formation principle: This formula is used to calculate the minimum width of the channel to ensure that people and materials can pass smoothly through the channel; Parameter source and value range: Material width and safety margin are derived from on-site survey data, and the value range is determined according to the specific material and personnel flow; Calculate the required material yard area based on the construction plan and material requirements. Replan the location and area of ​​the material yard in the BIM model to ensure that the material yard can meet the construction requirements and does not take up too much construction space; consider the stacking height and stability of the material yard to ensure the safety and stability of the material yard.

[0049] The method to determine whether the material yard area is insufficient is: Get the actual area J of the material yard; Calculate the preset area of ​​the material yard , the calculation formula is as follows: The area occupied by each material on the horizontal plane is calculated as:

[0050] in: is the horizontal footprint of the bth material; is the total volume of the bth material; is the average stacking height of the b-th material; The total storage area of ​​materials is calculated by the following formula:

[0051] in: is the total yard area; is the number of types of materials; It is Horizontal footprint of the material; It is the safe distance between the b-type material and the edge of the foundation pit; Each material requires additional yard space; The actual area of ​​the material yard J Pre-set area of ​​material yard By comparison, if the preset area of ​​the material yard The actual area of ​​the material yard is J, then the material yard area at the construction site is insufficient, and the preset area of ​​the material yard ≤ the actual area of ​​the material yard J, then the material yard area at the construction site is reasonable; formula formation principle The formula for the horizontal footprint of each material is based on the relationship between volume and average stacking height, i.e., volume divided by height gives the area; The formula for the stockpile area taking into account the safety distance is based on the horizontal footprint of each material and adds the additional area required to take into account the safety distance. Here, the stockpile is assumed to be rectangular in shape, so the additional area is determined by the safety distance between the two sides parallel to the material pile and the edge of the foundation pit; Parameter source and value range It comes from the material information in the BIM model; It is derived from the actual stacking situation or industry standards, generally between 1-5m; It is derived from safety regulations or engineering requirements and is generally between 0.5-2m; Through BIM technology and the above formula calculation, we can achieve the optimization planning of material yards. First, the required yard area is calculated according to the total volume and density of the materials; then, the safety factor is considered to ensure that the yard area is large enough to accommodate all materials and possible losses are taken into account; finally, when planning the yard, the safe distance from the edge of the foundation pit is considered to ensure construction safety. This optimization solution helps to improve construction efficiency, reduce material waste and loss, and improve the safety management level of the construction site.

[0052] Determine the minimum safe distance between tower cranes based on their specifications and safety requirements; adjust the positions of tower cranes in the BIM model to ensure that the safe distance between them meets the requirements; consider the rotation radius and lifting range of tower cranes to avoid collisions with other equipment or structures during operation.

[0053] Get the safety distance Z between adjacent tower cranes; The calculation formula for calculating the safe distance between adjacent tower cranes at the construction site is as follows:

[0054] in, is the safety distance between adjacent tower cranes; is the length of the low tower crane boom; When there are multiple tower cranes on the construction site, it is necessary to ensure that there is at least 2m distance between the end of the low-level tower crane boom and the tower body of another tower crane to prevent collision.

[0055] The obtained safety distance Z between adjacent tower cranes and the safety distance between adjacent tower cranes By comparison, if the safety distance Z between adjacent tower cranes is greater than the safety distance between adjacent tower cranes The installation distance between the two tower cranes at the construction site is unreasonable. If the safety distance Z between adjacent tower cranes is less than the safety distance between adjacent tower cranes, Then the installation distance between the two tower cranes at the construction site is reasonable.

[0056] Formula formation principle: Based on construction safety requirements, ensure that the low-position tower crane boom will not collide with the tower body of another tower crane during rotation.

[0057] Parameter value range: The value of is determined according to the specific tower crane model and specifications Precautions When optimizing the layout, ensure that all changes comply with relevant safety standards and regulations. Consider dynamic changes during the construction process, such as equipment movement, material transportation, etc., and ensure that the optimization model can adapt to these changes; communicate with the construction team and other stakeholders to ensure their understanding and acceptance of the optimization model.

[0058] Through the above steps, a more reasonable and efficient BIM optimization model can be formed to provide strong support for the layout and management of the construction site.

[0059] Step five: Analyze the optimization model to determine whether it meets the standards.

[0060] Step five includes: conducting experiments on the optimized BIM model to determine whether the optimized model meets the standards; space utilization analysis: using the space analysis tools in the BIM model to analyze the space utilization of each area on the construction site to check whether there is space waste or space congestion. Reasonable layout should ensure effective use of space, neither too loose nor too compact; determining whether the model needs to be optimized by analyzing the following aspects; conducting construction flow line analysis: simulating the flow paths of construction vehicles, personnel and materials through the BIM model. Observe whether the construction flow is smooth, whether there is cross-interference or bottleneck phenomenon, and reasonable layout should ensure that the construction flow is clear and orderly, and reduce unnecessary movement and waiting time; Resource allocation analysis: Combined with the progress simulation results, analyze the allocation of materials, equipment, manpower and other resources during the construction process, check whether the resource allocation is balanced, whether there is idle or shortage of resources, and reasonable layout should ensure that resources can be allocated in place in a timely manner as needed to avoid resource waste and delays; Safety hazard analysis: Use the BIM model to conduct safety risk assessment, simulate potential safety hazards during the construction process, and evaluate whether the layout meets safety requirements, such as whether there are risk areas such as falling from heights and being hit by objects. Reasonable layout should ensure the safety and controllability of the construction area; Progress and cost analysis: Through the progress simulation function of the BIM model, predict the construction progress and cost, analyze the impact of the layout on the construction progress and cost, and a reasonable layout should help speed up the construction progress and reduce construction costs.

[0061] Use BIM modeling software to analyze the space utilization of each area on the construction site and obtain the optimized space utilization index ; Use BIM modeling software to simulate the flow paths of construction vehicles, personnel and materials to obtain , combined with the progress simulation results, analyze the resource allocation efficiency index of the construction process ; Conduct safety risk assessment through BIM modeling software to obtain the safety hazard risk index ; The comprehensive evaluation index of the optimized construction site is calculated through the above data ; The formula is as follows:

[0062] in, is the weight coefficient of space utilization, is the weight coefficient of construction flow line efficiency, is the weight coefficient of resource allocation efficiency, is the safety hazard risk weight coefficient; Preset comprehensive evaluation index threshold K; when the comprehensive evaluation index is met ≥ the comprehensive evaluation index threshold K, the construction site meets the construction layout standards; when the comprehensive evaluation index is met When the comprehensive evaluation index is less than the threshold value K, the construction site does not meet the construction layout standards.

[0063] Formula principle Space utilization rate: reflects the effective utilization of each area of ​​the construction site. It can be quantified by calculating the ratio of the actual used area to the total area; Construction flow efficiency: measures the smoothness of the flow paths of construction vehicles, personnel and materials. This can be evaluated by simulating the construction flow and calculating parameters such as average moving time and waiting time. Resource allocation efficiency: reflects the efficiency of resource allocation during the construction process, which can be quantified by calculating parameters such as resource utilization rate and idle rate; Safety hazard risk: Assess the impact of construction layout on safety; this can be quantified by simulating potential safety hazards and calculating the risk level. In order to be consistent with the previous three positive indicators, a negative sign is used here to represent the safety hazard risk so that it can be considered as a negative factor in the comprehensive assessment.

[0064] Parameter meaning Space utilization rate: the ratio of the actual use area to the total area of ​​the construction site, usually expressed as a percentage; Construction flow efficiency: a relative indicator that can be calculated using parameters such as average moving time and waiting time in the simulation results. The specific calculation method may need to be defined based on actual conditions; Resource allocation efficiency: an indicator that reflects the efficiency of resource utilization, which can be quantified by calculating resource utilization rate; Safety hazard risk: Evaluate the level or probability of potential safety hazards in the construction layout, which usually needs to be determined through professional safety risk assessment methods; Value range Weight coefficient , , , The setting needs to be based on actual conditions and expert opinions to ensure the accuracy and rationality of the comprehensive evaluation.

[0065] The weight coefficients α, β, γ, and δ usually range from 0 to 1, and their sum should be equal to 1.

[0066] The value of each weight coefficient can be set according to the following principles: If a certain indicator has a decisive influence on the rationality of the construction site layout, its weight coefficient can be set in a higher range, such as 0.3 to 0.5.

[0067] If an indicator has an important impact on the rationality of the construction site layout but is not as critical as some other indicators, its weight coefficient can be set in a medium range, such as 0.1 to 0.3.

[0068] If a certain indicator has a certain impact on the rationality of the construction site layout, but the impact is relatively low, its weight coefficient can be set within a lower range, such as 0.05 to 0.1.

[0069] If a certain indicator has a negligible impact on the rationality of the construction site layout under specific circumstances, its weight coefficient can be set to a value close to 0, but it is usually not completely 0 to retain a certain degree of flexibility.

[0070] It should be noted that the specific value of the weight coefficient should be flexibly adjusted according to the actual situation and expert opinions to ensure the objectivity and accuracy of the evaluation results. At the same time, when setting the weight coefficient, the mutual influence and constraint relationship between various indicators should be fully considered to avoid unreasonable weight distribution.

[0071] On the other hand, the present invention also discloses a construction site layout optimization system: A data acquisition module is used to acquire topographic data, building layout data, and equipment layout data of a construction site; BIM model integration module: Use CAD software to draw a rough layout of the construction site based on the collected building layout data and equipment layout data, and import the rough layout into the BIM modeling software to generate a basic model of the construction site; BIM basic model analysis module: Analyze the basic model of the construction site through BIM modeling software to determine the defects of the basic model; BIM model optimization module: adjust the layout of the problem area of ​​the basic model according to the defects of the basic model to form an optimized model; BIM optimization model analysis module: By analyzing the optimization model, determine whether the optimization model meets the construction layout standards.

[0072] On the other hand, the present invention also discloses a storage medium for optimizing the layout of a construction site: A computer program capable of implementing the construction site layout optimization system described above is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the construction site layout optimization method described in any one of the above items are implemented.

[0073] The storage medium can be used to easily manage and update the BIM model, ensuring the consistency between the model and the actual situation on the construction site. The storage medium supports data sharing and collaborative work, allowing the project team to obtain the latest construction information in real time and improve communication efficiency. During the construction site layout optimization process, different optimization schemes can be stored in the storage medium, which is convenient for comparison and analysis to select the best scheme. The storage medium can record the historical data of the construction site layout optimization, providing reference and reference for future projects.

[0074] The above embodiments may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any other combination thereof. When implemented using software, the above embodiments may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. A person of ordinary skill in the art may appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented in electronic hardware or in combination with computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution.

[0075] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0076] The above description is only a specific implementation manner of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A construction site layout optimization method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Obtain topographic data, building layout data, and equipment layout data of the construction site; Draw a rough layout of the construction site based on the collected building layout data and equipment layout data, and import the rough layout into the BIM modeling software to generate a basic model of the construction site; Analyze the basic model of the construction site through BIM modeling software to determine the defects of the basic model; Adjust the layout of the problem area of ​​the basic model according to the defects of the basic model to form an optimized model; By analyzing the optimization model, it is determined whether the optimization model meets the construction layout standards.

2. The construction site layout optimization method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Survey the topography, landforms, and geology of the construction site, obtain the topographic data of the construction site, obtain the building data and equipment data of the construction site, mark the location, and obtain the building layout data and equipment layout data.

3. A construction site layout optimization method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The defects of the basic model include insufficient spacing between adjacent equipment, insufficient aisle width, insufficient material yard area, and insufficient safety distance between adjacent tower cranes.

4. A construction site layout optimization method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The following are methods to determine whether the spacing between adjacent equipment at a construction site is insufficient: Get the actual distance value F between adjacent devices; Calculate the safety distance between adjacent devices , the calculation formula is as follows: ； in, is the size of the first device; is the size of the second device; S is the safety distance between adjacent devices; The actual spacing value F of adjacent equipment and the safety distance value of adjacent equipment By comparison, the actual distance value F between adjacent devices is greater than the safety distance value between adjacent devices. , then the distance between two adjacent devices is reasonable. If the actual distance value F of adjacent devices is less than the safety distance value of adjacent devices , the distance between two adjacent devices is insufficient.

5. A construction site layout optimization method according to claim 4, characterized in that: Determine the minimum channel width The method to check if it is insufficient is as follows: Get the actual width of the channel; Calculate the minimum channel width , the calculation formula is as follows: in, is the maximum material width; is the safety margin; The actual channel width G and the minimum channel width Compare, if the actual channel width G> the minimum channel width , then the width of the channel is reasonable, if the actual channel width G ≤ the minimum channel width , the channel width is insufficient.

6. A construction site layout optimization method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The method to determine whether the material yard area is insufficient is: Get the actual area J of the material yard; Calculate the preset area of ​​the material yard , the calculation formula is as follows: The area occupied by each material on the horizontal plane is calculated as: ； in, is the horizontal footprint of the bth material; is the total volume of the bth material; is the average stacking height of the b-th material; The total storage area of ​​materials is calculated by the following formula: ； in, is the total storage area; b is the number of material types, and its value is [1, n], where n is a positive integer; It is Horizontal footprint of the material; It is the safe distance between the b-type material and the edge of the foundation pit; The actual area of ​​the material yard J Pre-set area of ​​material yard By comparison, if the preset area of ​​the material yard The actual area of ​​the material yard is J, then the material yard area at the construction site is insufficient, and the preset area of ​​the material yard ≤ the actual area of ​​the material yard J, then the area of ​​the material yard at the construction site is reasonable.

7. A construction site layout optimization method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The calculation formula for calculating the safe distance between adjacent tower cranes at the construction site is as follows: Get the safety distance Z between adjacent tower cranes; The calculation formula for calculating the safe distance between adjacent tower cranes at the construction site is as follows: ； in, is the safety distance between adjacent tower cranes; is the length of the low tower boom; The obtained safety distance Z between adjacent tower cranes and the safety distance between adjacent tower cranes By comparison, if the safety distance Z between adjacent tower cranes is greater than the safety distance between adjacent tower cranes , then the erection distance between the two tower cranes at the construction site is unreasonable. If the safety distance Z between adjacent tower cranes is ≤ the safety distance between adjacent tower cranes , then the installation distance between the two tower cranes at the construction site is reasonable.

8. A construction site layout optimization method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The method for judging whether the optimization model meets the construction layout standards is as follows: Use BIM modeling software to analyze the space utilization of each area on the construction site and obtain the optimized space utilization index. ; Use BIM modeling software to simulate the flow paths of construction vehicles, personnel and materials to obtain , combined with the progress simulation results, analyze the resource allocation efficiency index of the construction process ; Conduct safety risk assessment through BIM modeling software to obtain the safety hazard risk index ; The comprehensive evaluation index of the optimized construction site is calculated through the above data ; The formula is as follows: ； in, is the weight coefficient of space utilization, is the weight coefficient of construction flow line efficiency, is the weight coefficient of resource allocation efficiency, is the safety hazard risk weight coefficient; Preset comprehensive evaluation index threshold K; when the comprehensive evaluation index is met ≥ the comprehensive evaluation index threshold K, the construction site meets the construction layout standards; when the comprehensive evaluation index is met When the comprehensive evaluation index is less than the threshold value K, the construction site does not meet the construction layout standards.

9. A construction site layout optimization system, characterized in that: A data acquisition module is used to acquire topographic data, building layout data, and equipment layout data of a construction site; BIM model integration module: Draw a rough layout of the construction site based on the collected building layout data and equipment layout data, and import the rough layout into the BIM modeling software to generate a basic model of the construction site; BIM basic model analysis module: Analyze the basic model of the construction site through BIM modeling software to determine the defects of the basic model; BIM model optimization module: adjust the layout of the problem area of ​​the basic model according to the defects of the basic model to form an optimized model; BIM optimization model analysis module: By analyzing the optimization model, determine whether the optimization model meets the construction layout standards.

10. A storage medium for optimizing construction site layout, characterized in that: The storage medium can implement the computer program of the construction site layout optimization system described in the above claims. When the computer program is executed by the processor, it can implement the steps of the construction site layout optimization method described in any one of claims 1-8.

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