Aluminum alloy surface shot peening strengthening device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy surface strengthening treatment, and discloses an aluminum alloy surface shot peening strengthening device which comprises shot peening equipment, the shot peening equipment comprises a box body and a plurality of sand shot nozzles arranged in the box body, one end of the box body is a profile inlet end and is directly connected with a discharge port of an aluminum alloy extrusion die, and the other end of the box body is connected with the shot peening equipment. The other end of the box body is a profile outlet end; the high-temperature compressed air supply equipment is used for providing high-temperature compressed air for a sand shot spray head of the shot blasting equipment; the sand shot supply equipment is used for supplying sand shots to a sand shot spray head of the shot blasting equipment; and the sand shot recovery equipment is used for recovering the sprayed sand shots. According to the utility model, the shot blasting equipment is directly connected to the extrusion on-line discharge hole of the aluminum alloy, and high-temperature shot blasting is carried out in combination with the high-temperature compressed air supply equipment, so that plasticity and toughness which are better than those of room-temperature shot blasting can be obtained in a short time, the strengthening effect of shot blasting treatment is greatly improved, the time cost is saved, and the efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy surface strengthening treatment devices, in particular to an aluminum alloy surface shot peening strengthening device. Background Art

[0002] Aluminum alloy is a metal material widely used in aviation, automobile, construction and other fields. It has the advantages of light weight, high strength, good formability and corrosion resistance. However, during the use of aluminum alloy, due to its low surface hardness, it is susceptible to wear and corrosion, which affects its service life and performance. Therefore, how to improve the surface hardness and wear resistance of aluminum alloy is a problem that has been studied in the field of aluminum alloy processing technology. Surface treatment technology is one of the important means to improve the surface properties of aluminum alloy, among which shot peening is a commonly used surface treatment method. Shot peening is a method of improving the surface hardness and wear resistance of aluminum alloy by impacting the surface of aluminum alloy with high-speed projectiles, such as steel shot, glass shot, ceramic shot, etc., causing plastic deformation. However, the traditional shot peening method usually needs to be carried out at room temperature, which not only takes a long time, but also has limited strengthening effect.

[0003] In the prior art, when improving the surface hardness and wear resistance of aluminum alloy by shot peening, different strengthening effects are achieved mainly by changing parameters such as the material, size and spraying speed of the shot, as well as changing process conditions such as the time and number of shot peening. In addition, there are some solutions that increase the temperature of the shot peening by changing the heating method of the shot peening, such as using electric heating or flame heating, so as to improve the effect of the shot peening.

[0004] However, there are still some problems with the existing solutions. First, the traditional shot peening strengthening method is carried out at room temperature, which takes a long time and has limited strengthening effect. Secondly, although the shot peening temperature can be increased by changing the heating method of the shot peening, thereby improving the effect of the shot peening, this method requires additional energy consumption and may cause changes in the structure and properties of the aluminum alloy due to secondary heating. In addition, while the existing solutions improve the surface hardness and wear resistance of the aluminum alloy, they may reduce the plasticity and toughness of the aluminum alloy, which may have an adverse effect on the performance of the aluminum alloy. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide an aluminum alloy surface shot peening strengthening device that can improve the surface hardness and wear resistance while improving the overall strength, and to provide at least one or more beneficial options for solving one or more technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] In order to achieve the above objectives, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions.

[0007] The invention discloses a device for strengthening the surface of aluminum alloy by shot peening. The technical conception is as follows: the shot peening equipment is directly connected to the discharge port of the aluminum alloy extrusion line, and the high temperature state after the extrusion discharge and before the quenching is used for shot peening. The compressed air is used as the power during shot peening, and the compressed air is preheated to the extrusion temperature of the aluminum alloy before entering the shot peening equipment to avoid the temperature loss of the profile affecting the shot peening and quenching effect.

[0008] The above-mentioned aluminum alloy surface shot peening strengthening device includes: shot peening equipment, which includes a box body and a plurality of sand shot nozzles arranged in the box body, one end of the box body is the profile inlet end, which is directly connected to the discharge port of the aluminum alloy extrusion die, and the other end of the box body is the profile outlet end; high-temperature compressed air supply equipment, which provides high-temperature compressed air for the sand shot nozzles of the shot peening equipment; sand shot supply equipment, which provides sand shots for the sand shot nozzles of the shot peening equipment; sand shot recovery equipment, which is used to recover the sand shots after spraying.

[0009] More preferably, the box is a metal box capable of withstanding a high temperature of 600° C., such as stainless steel, to ensure the high temperature resistance and service life of the equipment.

[0010] More preferably, the shot peening nozzle is a stainless steel braided tube with adjustable spraying direction, which can be bent in actual use, and the nozzle elbow position can be adjusted according to the cross-sectional shape of the profile to ensure the required surface shot peening effect.

[0011] More preferably, a sand shot stopper for preventing sand shot leakage is provided at the profile inlet end and / or the profile outlet end, and the sand shot stopper is a high temperature resistant felt or a profile contour baffle.

[0012] More preferably, an air purification device is connected to the exhaust end of the box, the air outlet of the air purification device is connected to the high-temperature compressed air supply device through a return pipe, and a heating device is provided on the return pipe. Through cyclic heating, not only can the injection pressure of the shot peening on the profile surface be ensured and the shot peening effect be improved, but also the temperature of the injection airflow can be kept stable and energy consumption can be saved.

[0013] More preferably, the high-temperature compressed air supply equipment includes an air compressor and an air heating device, the air compressor is used to generate compressed air, and the air heating device is used to heat and increase the temperature of the compressed air.

[0014] More preferably, the sand shot supply equipment includes a sand shot storage tank and a sand shot supply pipe, the sand shot supply pipe is connected between the discharge port of the sand shot storage tank and the sand shot nozzle, and the high-temperature compressed air supply equipment is connected to the sand shot storage tank and the sand shot supply pipe; the sand shots in the sand shot storage tank are ejected from the sand shot nozzle under the push of the high-temperature compressed air.

[0015] More preferably, the sand and shot recovery device is connected to the sand and shot supply device and provides sand and shots therefor.

[0016] More preferably, a quenching device is directly connected to the profile outlet, and a sand and shot collecting device is provided on the quenching device.

[0017] The utility model adopts the above technical solution to have at least the following beneficial effects.

[0018] The utility model provides an aluminum alloy surface shot peening strengthening device, which can obtain better plasticity and toughness than room temperature shot peening in a short time by directly connecting the shot peening equipment to the discharge port of the aluminum alloy extrusion line and combining the high-temperature compressed air supply equipment for high-temperature shot peening, thereby greatly improving the strengthening effect of shot peening, saving time cost and improving efficiency. At the same time, since the shot peening is directly performed in one-time production after extrusion, the additional cost increase of the subsequent separate shot peening process is avoided, and the energy consumption increase caused by the subsequent separate heating and the secondary quenching cooling deformation are also avoided, which reduces the production cost, realizes carbon emissions and saves energy.

[0019] In addition, high-temperature shot peening makes the microscopic surface of the material smoother, reduces roughness, and improves surface quality; at the same time, the surface grains are refined, which greatly improves the solid solution effect of the surface elements, and improves the strength after aging. Compared with normal temperature shot peening, the surface hardness can be increased by 30%-60%. The surface corrosion resistance is improved by changing the surface grain structure, replacing the traditional oxidation process to harden the surface, and reducing the surface scratch problem caused by post-processing or use. Moreover, by softening the material surface at high temperature, microcrack defects that may occur in room temperature shot peening are avoided, and microcracks may become the cause of failure of subsequent fatigue or corrosion tests.

[0020] Through the treatment, a 0.2-0.6mm surface strengthening layer can be obtained, which can reach 10%-30% of the original thickness of conventional automobile anti-collision beams or threshold beam profiles. According to the shot peening time and the thickness of the profile itself, the overall material strength can be increased by 10%-50%, which is also more suitable for the use of high-strength thin-walled thick aluminum profiles. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 Shown is a schematic structural diagram of the aluminum alloy surface shot peening strengthening device in the utility model.

[0022] Figure 2 Shown is a schematic diagram of the structure of the shot peening equipment.

[0023] Description of Figure Numbers.

[0024] 1-aluminum alloy extrusion die; 2-extrusion online discharge port; 3-shot peening equipment; 4-sand shot nozzle; 5-quenching equipment; 6-extruded profile, 7: sand shot storage tank, 8: sand shot supply pipeline, 9: high-temperature compressed air supply equipment, 10: recovery pipeline, 11: air purification device, 12: reflux pipeline, 13: heating device.

[0025] 3-1: Box body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to facilitate those skilled in the art to better understand the essence of the present invention, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below.

[0027] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, a device for shot peening strengthening of aluminum alloy surface is provided, and its technical concept is: a shot peening device 3 is directly connected to the discharge port 2 of the aluminum alloy extrusion die 1, and the high temperature state after extrusion and before quenching is used for shot peening. Compressed air is used as the power during shot peening, and the compressed air is preheated to the extrusion temperature of the aluminum alloy before entering the shot peening device; so as to avoid the temperature loss of the profile affecting the shot peening and quenching effects.

[0028] Among them, the box 3-1 of the shot peening equipment 3 is capable of withstanding a high temperature of more than 600°C. A plurality of sand shot nozzles 4 for spraying sand shots are arranged in the shot peening equipment 3. Each of the sand shot nozzles 4 is connected to a high-temperature compressed air supply device 9 and a sand shot supply device to spray high-temperature sand shots. In this embodiment, the sand shot nozzle 4 is preferably a stainless steel braided tube with adjustable spraying direction. In actual use, it can be bent, and the nozzle elbow position can be adjusted according to the cross-sectional shape of the profile to ensure the surface shot peening effect of the required surface.

[0029] The other end of the box 3-1 is the profile outlet, and the profile outlet is directly connected to a quenching device 5. A sand shot recovery device is provided on the box 3-1 of the shot peening device 3 and the quenching device 5. The sand shot recovery device is connected to the sand shot supply device through a recovery pipe 10. The sand shot supply device provides sand shots for the sand shot nozzle of the shot peening device. Preferably, a sand shot stopper is provided at the profile inlet and the profile outlet to prevent sand shot leakage, and the sand shot stopper is a high temperature resistant felt or a profile profile baffle.

[0030] The aluminum alloy surface shot peening strengthening device provided in this embodiment is mainly set for 2 / 6 / 7 series aluminum alloys. A quenching device is directly connected to the profile outlet position of the shot peening equipment. The aluminum alloy profile 6 extruded from the discharge port 2 enters the shot peening equipment 3 for high-temperature shot peening treatment and enters the quenching equipment 5 for quenching treatment in turn. A sand and shot collection device is provided on the quenching equipment to realize sand and shot recovery and prevent the peening shots from entering the air to pollute the environment, so as to realize the recycling of resources. The quenching equipment needs to ensure basic sealing, and the interior needs to be sprayed to absorb the sand and shot. The water mist and accumulated water flow out from the special channel at the bottom of the equipment, and can be reused after sedimentation in the sedimentation tank and filtration.

[0031] In some embodiments, non-heat-treated 1 / 3 / 4 / 5 series aluminum alloys do not require subsequent rapid quenching and can be used directly after online high-temperature sandblasting and straightening and sawing.

[0032] It should be noted that the high-temperature compressed air supply device 9 includes an air compressor and an air heating device, wherein the air compressor is used to generate compressed air, and the air heating device is used to heat and raise the temperature of the compressed air. The specific structural settings of the air compressor and the air heating device are common technical knowledge mastered by those skilled in the art, and will not be described in detail here.

[0033] The sand shot supply equipment includes a sand shot storage tank 7 and a sand shot supply pipeline 8, the sand shot supply pipeline 8 is connected between the discharge port of the sand shot storage tank 7 and the sand shot nozzle 4, the high-temperature compressed air supply equipment is connected to the sand shot storage tank 7 and the sand shot supply pipeline 8, and the sand shots in the sand shot storage tank 7 are ejected from the sand shot nozzle 4 under the push of the high-temperature compressed air.

[0034] In this embodiment, an air purification device 11 is connected to the exhaust end of the box 3-1, and the air outlet of the air purification device 11 is connected to the high-temperature compressed air supply device 9 through a return pipe 12, and a heating device 13 is provided on the return pipe 12. In this way, through cyclic heating, not only can the injection pressure of the shot peening on the profile surface be ensured and the shot peening effect be improved, but also the temperature of the injection airflow can be kept stable and energy consumption can be saved.

[0035] A method based on the above-mentioned aluminum alloy surface shot peening strengthening device includes the following steps.

[0036] Step 1: Prepare a shot peening equipment that can withstand a high temperature of 600°C. The interior of the equipment is made of stainless steel to ensure the high temperature resistance and service life of the equipment. The inlet and outlet profiles of the equipment are covered with high temperature resistant felt to prevent sand and shot leakage.

[0037] Step 2: Select ceramic balls or glass balls with a diameter of 0.2 mm as shot peening materials. These materials have good wear resistance and hardness and can effectively strengthen the surface of the aluminum alloy profile during the shot peening process.

[0038] Step three: preheat the compressed air to 500°C. This temperature can keep the aluminum alloy profile at a higher temperature during the shot peening process, thereby reducing the deformation resistance of the aluminum alloy and improving the plasticity and toughness.

[0039] Step 4: The preheated compressed air is further heated by a circulating heating device to keep the temperature of the compressed air at 500°C. This not only increases the compressed air pressure, thereby increasing the pressure of the shot peening on the surface and improving the effect, but also keeps the temperature of the compressed air at 500°C by heating, thus avoiding additional energy consumption.

[0040] Step 5: Place the aluminum alloy profile into the shot peening equipment, start the shot peening equipment, and perform shot peening treatment. The shot peening time is 30 minutes and the shot peening pressure is 0.6 MPa.

[0041] Step 6: After shot peening, the aluminum alloy profile is immediately sent to the quenching equipment for quenching. The quenching time is 10 minutes and the quenching temperature is 500° C. The quenching equipment is equipped with a sand and shot recovery function to achieve the recycling of resources.

[0042] Step seven, after quenching treatment, the aluminum alloy profile is straightened, sawed and cut according to normal procedures.

[0043] Comparative test.

[0044] In order to better reflect the technical progress of the present invention, a shot peening effect comparison test is carried out on 7003 alloy 2mm thick profiles. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0045] Table 1. Results of shot peening effect comparison test.

[0046] Shot peening method Room temperature shot peening before aging Room temperature shot peening before aging Room temperature shot peening after aging Room temperature shot peening after aging Extrusion online high temperature shot peening Shot peening time 2min 30min 2min 30min 2min Deepest hardened layer depth 18μm 88μm 12μm 69μm 315μm Maximum hardness in hardened layer (after aging) 151HV 168HV 158HV 179HV 205HV Profile tensile strength 362Mpa 379Mpa 365Mpa 383Mpa 452Mpa

[0047] As can be seen from Table 1, the depth of the surface shot peening strengthening layer obtained by conventional short-time (less than 2 minutes) shot peening at room temperature is generally about 20μm. If the depth of the strengthening layer needs to be deepened, high-pressure shot peening needs to be continued for more than half an hour to obtain a strengthening layer of about 100μm. Moreover, with long-term high-pressure shot peening, large residual stress will appear inside the profile, causing the material to deform or deform after processing. However, high-temperature shot peening only requires online shot peening within 2 minutes to obtain a strengthening layer with a depth of 200-600μm.

[0048] It can be seen that, unlike ordinary hot extrusion that is cooled before shot peening, high-temperature shot peening during the extrusion discharging stage can utilize the greatly improved surface plasticity of the profile at high temperature to greatly shorten the shot peening time and greatly improve the shot peening effect. It can obtain a deeper shot peening hardening affected area, increase the depth of surface hardening of the material, and thus improve the overall strength of the material. Ordinary room temperature shot peening has a limited depth of influence and a weak strengthening effect due to the high room temperature strength of the material itself, and cannot achieve the purpose of significantly improving the strength through shot peening.

[0049] First, the utility model can effectively improve the surface hardness and wear resistance of aluminum alloys by high-temperature shot peening, thereby extending its service life and improving its performance, meeting the market demand for high-hardness, high-wear-resistant aluminum alloy materials. Secondly, the utility model greatly reduces the time required for shot peening by softening the material at high temperature, improves production efficiency, and meets the market demand for high-efficiency, low-cost aluminum alloy processing technology. Finally, the utility model obtains a 0.2-0.6mm surface strengthening layer through processing, which can reach 10%-30% of the thickness of conventional automobile anti-collision beams or door sill beam profiles. According to the shot peening time and the thickness of the profile itself, the overall material strength can be increased by 10%-50%, which also meets the market demand for high-strength aluminum alloy materials.

[0050] The technical features of the above embodiments may be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0051] The above embodiments only express several implementation methods of the utility model, and the description is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the utility model patent. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this field, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the utility model, which all belong to the protection scope of the utility model. The parts not described in the specific embodiments are all prior art or common knowledge.

[0052] It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, the detailed description of the preferred implementation method of the present invention and the included embodiments can make it easier to understand the content of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in the present invention have the same meanings as those commonly understood by ordinary technicians in the field to which the present invention belongs. When there is a conflict, the definition in this specification shall prevail.

[0053] In the present invention, the term "prepared by..." is used synonymously with "comprising". The terms "comprising", "including", "having", "containing" or any other variations thereof used in the present invention are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a composition, step, method, article or device comprising the listed elements is not necessarily limited to those elements, but may include other elements not explicitly listed or elements inherent to such composition, step, method, article or device.

[0054] In the present invention, when an amount, concentration, or other value or parameter is expressed as a range, a preferred range, or a range limited by a series of upper preferred values ​​and lower preferred values, this should be understood as specifically disclosing all ranges formed by any pairing of any range upper limit or preferred value with any range lower limit or preferred value, regardless of whether the range is disclosed separately. For example, when a range of "1 to 5" is disclosed, the described range should be interpreted as including a range of "1 to 4", "1 to 3", "1 to 2", "1 to 2 and 4 to 5", "1 to 3 and 5", etc. When a numerical range is described in the present invention, unless otherwise stated, the range is intended to include its end values ​​and all integers and fractions within the range.

[0055] In addition, the indefinite articles "a" and "an" before the elements or components of the present invention have no restrictions on the quantity requirements (i.e., the number of occurrences) of the elements or components. Therefore, "a" or "an" should be interpreted as including one or at least one, and elements or components in the singular form also include plural forms, unless the number clearly refers to the singular form.

Claims

1. A shot peening device for aluminum alloy surface, characterized in that: include: Shot peening equipment, the shot peening equipment comprises a box body and a plurality of sand shot nozzles arranged in the box body, one end of the box body is a profile inlet end, which is directly connected to a discharge port of an aluminum alloy extrusion die, and the other end of the box body is a profile outlet end; A high-temperature compressed air supply device, which provides high-temperature compressed air to the shot blasting nozzle of the shot blasting device; A shot supply device, which provides shot for the shot nozzle of the shot blasting device; Sand shot recovery equipment is used to recover sand shots after blasting.

2. The device for shot peening of aluminum alloy surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The box body is a metal box body capable of withstanding a high temperature of 600°C.

3. The device for shot peening the surface of an aluminum alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sand shot nozzle is a stainless steel braided tube with adjustable spraying direction.

4. The device for shot peening the surface of an aluminum alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sand shot stopper for preventing sand shot leakage is provided at the profile inlet end and / or the profile outlet end. The sand shot stopper is a high temperature resistant felt or a profile contour baffle.

5. The device for shot peening the surface of an aluminum alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air purification device is connected to the exhaust end of the box body, and an air outlet of the air purification device is connected to the high-temperature compressed air supply equipment through a return pipe, and a heating device is provided on the return pipe.

6. The device for shot peening the surface of an aluminum alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-temperature compressed air supply equipment includes an air compressor and an air heating device. The air compressor is used to generate compressed air, and the air heating device is used to heat and increase the temperature of the compressed air.

7. The device for shot peening the surface of an aluminum alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sand shot supply equipment includes a sand shot storage tank and a sand shot supply pipeline, the sand shot supply pipeline is connected between the discharge port of the sand shot storage tank and the sand shot nozzle, and the high-temperature compressed air supply equipment is connected to the sand shot storage tank and the sand shot supply pipeline; the sand shots in the sand shot storage tank are ejected from the sand shot nozzle under the push of the high-temperature compressed air.

8. The device for shot peening of aluminum alloy surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sand shot recovery device is connected to the sand shot supply device and provides sand shots therefor.

9. The device for shot peening of aluminum alloy surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: A quenching device is directly connected to the profile outlet, and a sand and shot collecting device is arranged on the quenching device.

Images