Device for measuring dynamic water pressure in structural crack

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of concrete damage or rail transit foundation structure maintenance and repair, and particularly discloses a device for measuring dynamic water pressure in a structure crack, which comprises a plurality of measuring scales fixed on a fixed frame, the measuring ruler comprises a plurality of flat longitudinal rulers which are arranged in parallel and can extend into the crack and a transverse ruler which is vertical to the longitudinal rulers and is positioned at the opening part of the crack; the measuring scale is transparent, a plurality of grating sensors and connecting lines are embedded in the measuring scale, and the grating sensors are in signal connection with the information acquisition equipment in a parallel connection mode through the connecting lines. The longitudinal ruler is arranged to be flat, so that the longitudinal ruler can directly extend into a crack under the condition that a structure is not damaged; the longitudinal measuring scale can be used for measuring the longitudinal water pressure at the middle position and the edge position of the crack, and the transverse scale is used for measuring the change condition of the water pressure at the communication part of the crack opening and the outside, so that the change condition of the water pressure is obtained in multiple dimensions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of concrete damage or rail transit infrastructure maintenance and repair, in particular to a device for measuring the dynamic water pressure in a structural crack. Background Art

[0002] A considerable number of engineering accidents at home and abroad are caused by water seepage or water pressure splitting in engineering structures or rock media during engineering construction or service of engineering structures. For example: problems of interlayer, disconnection and crack extension of ballastless track structures in rainy areas under fatigue load of high-speed trains; slope instability and damage of high slope rock mass under the interaction of excavation interference force and fissure water penetration force; splitting and damage of karst strata with many joints and fissures under the action of fissure water pressure; dynamic water pressure generated by cracked asphalt pavement under the action of rainwater and vehicle tire pressure accelerates the damage of pavement; disasters caused by the size, distribution characteristics, flow rate and other related information of dynamic water pressure inside cracks and fissures of earth-rock dam bodies under earthquake action; erosion of coastal structures in offshore hydrodynamic environment after cracks appear. Among them, the size, distribution characteristics, flow rate and other changes of water pressure inside pores or cracks have an important influence on the stability of rock mass or structures. Water pressure parameters are its key technical parameters, which directly affect the stability of weak buildings or structures.

[0003] Since cracks in structures or rock masses are narrow and vary greatly, there is no mature method to measure the size, distribution characteristics, flow rate and other related information changes of water pressure in non-destructive structures. In terms of measuring water pressure in micro-cracks and cracks, the main method is the gap water detection device, which drills holes or wells in the detection area and determines the flow direction, flow rate, water pressure and other related parameters of the gap water according to the pumping time and amount. This method cannot directly monitor the dynamic change relationship between rainfall, flow and hydraulic gradient.

[0004] There is also an automatic monitoring device for surrounding rock fissure water. By burying a pressure sensor inside the tunnel surrounding rock, the data is collected multiple times to obtain the changes in the size, distribution characteristics, flow rate and other related information of the water pressure. Once the sensor is buried in the soil, it cannot be taken out and buried again, and it cannot monitor the changes in the water pressure under the action of dynamic load in real time. During the construction process, the anchor rod early warning device is currently mainly used to insert an anchor rod with a sensor in the fissure water development zone and anchor it inside the rock and soil structure to play the role of early warning of the development of fissure water, thereby attracting construction attention or taking corresponding measures.

[0005] The detection and monitoring of water pressure in cracks of engineering structures are of great guiding significance for engineering design, construction, operation and maintenance. For example, when designing the strength of high-speed railway ballastless track structure or the connection design of layered structure, or when using grouting to seal cracks, we should first understand the information such as water distribution, pressure and migration law inside the cracks. At present, the acquisition of crack water information is generally achieved by drilling deep holes in engineering structures or rock masses and implanting sensors for measurement. For quantitative and accurate detection and monitoring methods that do not destroy the original structural strength, especially under conditions where drilling and measurement cannot be performed in the vertical direction (such as hydraulic dams, large bridge piers, and high-speed railway ballastless track structures), it is impossible to accurately obtain relevant information such as water pressure distribution characteristics and flow velocity on any crack surface. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a device for measuring the dynamic water pressure in a structural crack, so as to solve the problem that there is currently no reusable special detection device to monitor the change of the water pressure in the crack under the action of dynamic load in real time, because the cracks in the structure or rock mass are narrow and vary greatly without destroying the original structural strength.

[0007] The device for measuring the hydrodynamic pressure in a structural crack comprises a plurality of measuring rulers fixed on a fixing frame, wherein the measuring rulers comprise a plurality of flat longitudinal rulers arranged in parallel and capable of probing into the cracks, and a transverse ruler perpendicular to the longitudinal rulers and located at the mouth of the cracks;

[0008] The measuring ruler is transparent, and a plurality of grating sensors and connecting wires are embedded in the measuring ruler. The grating sensors are connected to the information acquisition device in parallel through the connecting wires.

[0009] In this solution, the longitudinal ruler is set to be flat, so that it can directly probe into the crack without destroying the structure. The grating sensor is embedded in the longitudinal ruler and can be probed into the crack together with the longitudinal ruler. The sensor can be probed or removed together with the longitudinal ruler, which solves the problem of drilling to destroy the structure and the difficulty of removing the sensor after it is placed in the crack in the prior art, and the device can be reused in different cracks.

[0010] Secondly, a transverse ruler is set in this scheme. After the longitudinal ruler is inserted into the crack, the transverse ruler will be located at the opening of the crack. Multiple longitudinal measuring rulers can be used to measure the longitudinal water pressure and flow rate at the middle and edge of the crack; while the transverse ruler is used to measure the change of water pressure at the crack opening connected to the outside world, so as to obtain the change of water pressure in multiple dimensions.

[0011] In addition, in the prior art, water pressure is mostly obtained indirectly by calculating other related parameters, while in this solution, the grating sensor is directly connected to the information acquisition device to obtain the continuously changing water pressure value in the crack in real time. That is, this solution can continuously measure the change pattern of water pressure in multiple directions on the same crack surface over time under the action of external load.

[0012] Preferred solution 1: As a further optimization of the basic solution, the longitudinal ruler and the transverse ruler are detachably connected to the fixing frame. This facilitates the replacement of longitudinal rulers or transverse rulers of different sizes; secondly, when the depths of the two ends and the middle of the crack are different, the depths that the longitudinal ruler can penetrate into the crack are also different. At this time, the longitudinal ruler on one side may penetrate deeper, while the longitudinal ruler on the other side may penetrate shallower. At this time, the transverse ruler will not be parallel to the crack mouth. In this case, the detachable structure can readjust the position of the longitudinal ruler.

[0013] Preferred solution 2: As a further optimization of preferred solution 1, the longitudinal ruler and the transverse ruler are provided with scales. This facilitates the measurement of the depth or width of the crack; since the depths of the two sides of the crack are different, the penetration depths of different longitudinal rulers are different, and the scales are helpful for determining the position of the grating sensor in the crack and the law of the change of water pressure at different positions.

[0014] Preferred solution three: As a further optimization of preferred solution two, longitudinal positioning grooves are provided at both ends of the fixing frame, and transverse positioning grooves are provided at the front side of the fixing frame, and the opening of the transverse positioning grooves is opposite to the crack; the side walls of the longitudinal positioning grooves and the transverse positioning grooves are threadedly connected with fastening screws, and the fastening screws fix the measuring ruler on the positioning frame by squeezing the measuring ruler. The positioning grooves can be provided to preliminarily position the measuring ruler, and the fastening screws are loosened, and the measuring ruler slides in the positioning grooves to facilitate changing the position of the measuring ruler.

[0015] Preferred solution 4: As a further optimization of preferred solution 3, the fixing frame is an "I"-shaped structure consisting of two longitudinal bars and one transverse bar, the longitudinal positioning groove is set on the longitudinal bar, and the transverse positioning groove is set on the transverse bar. The "I"-shaped structure saves more materials than the flat plate structure, and the longitudinal bar protrudes from the transverse bar for easy handheld operation.

[0016] Preferred solution 5: As a further optimization of preferred solution 3, the fixing frame is a rectangular structure consisting of two longitudinal bars and two transverse bars, the longitudinal positioning grooves are arranged on the longitudinal bars, and the transverse positioning grooves are arranged on one of the transverse bars. This structure makes the fixing frame more stable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a device for measuring the dynamic water pressure in a structural crack according to a first embodiment;

[0018] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixing frame;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of a measuring ruler;

[0020] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of connecting a device for measuring the hydrodynamic pressure in a structural crack to a signal acquisition device;

[0021] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of a device for measuring the dynamic water pressure in structural cracks used to measure the water pressure in cracks between ballastless track layers. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods:

[0023] The reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: a fixing frame 1, a longitudinal ruler 2, a transverse ruler 3, a grating sensor 5, a fastening screw 6, a connecting line 8, a reader 9, and a computer 10.

[0024] Embodiment 1:

[0025] As attached Figure 1-4 As shown, the device for measuring the dynamic water pressure in a structural crack is composed of a fixing frame 1 and a measuring ruler fixed on the fixing frame 1. In this embodiment, the fixing frame 1 is configured as a rectangular structure consisting of two longitudinal bars and two transverse bars; the measuring ruler includes two longitudinal rulers 2 and one transverse ruler 3, the longitudinal ruler 2 is correspondingly fixed on the longitudinal bars of the fixing frame 1, and the transverse ruler 3 is fixed on one of the transverse bars and is located between the two longitudinal rulers 2.

[0026] A groove-shaped longitudinal positioning groove is provided along the longitudinal direction of the longitudinal rod, and the longitudinal ruler 2 can be inserted into the longitudinal positioning groove. The longitudinal ruler 2 can be slid in the longitudinal positioning groove to change the length of the front end of the longitudinal ruler 2 extending from the fixing frame 1. A transverse positioning groove is provided on the crossbar on the front side of the fixing frame 1, and the transverse ruler 3 is inserted into the transverse positioning groove. The longitudinal positioning groove and the side wall of the transverse positioning groove are threadedly connected with a fastening screw 6. The measuring ruler can be fixed on the positioning frame by screwing the fastening screw 6 to squeeze the measuring ruler.

[0027] The measuring ruler is cast in a flat shape using transparent polyurethane material to facilitate detection into the crack. A plurality of parallel water pressure fiber grating sensors 5 are embedded in the measuring ruler, and a connecting line 8 connected to the water pressure fiber grating sensor 5 is also embedded in the measuring ruler and led out from the end of the measuring ruler to connect with the signal acquisition device.

[0028] The signal acquisition device includes a reader 9 and a computer 10. One end of the reader 9 is connected to the fiber grating sensor 5, and the other end is connected to the computer 10. Therefore, the change of the fracture water pressure under external load or dynamic action can be monitored in real time in the display device at the computer 10.

[0029] In addition, the measuring tape is engraved with graduations by which the depth or width of the crack can be measured.

[0030] The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0031] Install the measuring ruler on the fixing frame 1, and insert the longitudinal ruler 2 into the crack to be measured, adjust the extension of the longitudinal ruler 2 from the front end of the fixing frame 1, so that the longitudinal measuring ruler can reach the depth to be measured or reach the bottom of the crack, and the transverse ruler 3 is at the opening of the crack and parallel to it; then fix the measuring ruler to the fixing frame 1 by tightening the screw 6. In the process of inserting the longitudinal ruler 2 into the slit lamp, if the opening of the crack is greater than the thickness of the ruler, the measuring ruler can be directly inserted; if the opening of the crack is too small, it is necessary to use tools to appropriately expand the position where the measuring ruler is installed so that the measuring ruler can just be inserted.

[0032] Secondly, in this embodiment, two longitudinal rulers 2 are provided in total, in order to obtain the water pressure changes at the edge and middle of the crack; one of the longitudinal rulers 2 is installed at the edge of the crack, and the other longitudinal ruler 2 is installed in the middle of the crack.

[0033] After the installation of the measuring ruler is completed, the grating sensor 5, the reading instrument 9, and the computer 10 in the measuring ruler are connected to each other to read the reading instrument and transmit the data to the computer 10 to monitor the change of water pressure over time in real time. The device for measuring the dynamic water pressure in the structural crack is mainly aimed at measuring the water pressure, distribution characteristics, flow rate and other related information at different positions of the crack surface in the structure; it can detect the change of water pressure size, distribution characteristics, flow rate and other characteristics along a certain line of the same crack surface under the action of external load in real time.

[0034] Embodiment 2:

[0035] The difference between the second embodiment and the first embodiment is that in the second embodiment, the fixing frame is arranged in an "I" shape, that is, the fixing frame is composed of two longitudinal bars and a transverse bar, the two longitudinal bars are located at both ends of the transverse bar for mounting the longitudinal ruler, and the transverse ruler is mounted on the transverse bar. This embodiment increases the stability of the fixing frame by increasing the width of the transverse bar.

[0036] The above is only an embodiment of the utility model, and the common knowledge such as the known specific structure and characteristics in the scheme is not described in detail here. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, several deformations and improvements can be made without departing from the structure of the utility model, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the utility model, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the utility model and the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection required by this application shall be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A device for measuring the dynamic water pressure in a structural crack, characterized in that: The measuring ruler comprises a plurality of measuring rulers fixed on a fixing frame, wherein the measuring ruler comprises a plurality of flat longitudinal rulers arranged in parallel and capable of probing into the cracks, and a transverse ruler perpendicular to the longitudinal rulers and located at the opening of the cracks; The measuring ruler is transparent, and a plurality of grating sensors and connecting wires are embedded in the measuring ruler. The grating sensors are connected to the information acquisition device in parallel through the connecting wires.

2. The device for measuring the dynamic water pressure in a structural crack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The longitudinal ruler and the transverse ruler are detachably connected to the fixing frame.

3. The device for measuring the dynamic water pressure in a structural crack according to claim 2, characterized in that: The longitudinal ruler and the transverse ruler are provided with scales.

4. The device for measuring the dynamic water pressure in a structural crack according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fixing frame is provided with longitudinal positioning grooves at both ends, and a transverse positioning groove is provided at the front side of the fixing frame, and the transverse positioning groove opening is opposite to the crack; the longitudinal positioning groove and the transverse positioning groove side walls are threadedly connected with fastening screws, and the fastening screws fix the measuring ruler on the positioning frame by squeezing the measuring ruler.

5. The device for measuring the dynamic water pressure in a structural crack according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fixing frame is an "I"-shaped structure consisting of two longitudinal bars and a transverse bar, the longitudinal positioning grooves are arranged on the longitudinal bars, and the transverse positioning grooves are arranged on the transverse bar.

6. The device for measuring the dynamic water pressure in a structural crack according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fixing frame is a rectangular structure consisting of two longitudinal bars and two transverse bars, the longitudinal positioning grooves are arranged on the longitudinal bars, and the transverse positioning grooves are arranged on one of the transverse bars.

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