Ship-shore oil conveying pipeline safety monitoring and emergency system

Abstract

The utility model relates to a ship-shore oil conveying pipeline safety monitoring and emergency system, which comprises an emergency resistor, an insulating flange and a safety monitoring device, the flange measuring circuit is used for detecting resistance at two ends of the insulating flange; the first electronic change-over switch is connected with the flange measuring circuit and used for connecting or disconnecting the emergency resistor between the tail end of the ship side oil conveying pipe and the starting end of the shore side oil conveying pipe. When the resistance value of the insulating flange is larger than a first threshold value, the emergency resistor is connected between the tail end of the ship-side oil conveying pipe and the starting end of the shore-side oil conveying pipe through the first electronic change-over switch. According to the ship-shore oil conveying pipeline safety monitoring and emergency system, when the resistance at the two ends of the insulating flange is larger than the first threshold value, the emergency resistor is connected between the tail end of the ship-side oil conveying pipe and the starting end of the shore-side oil conveying pipe through the first electronic change-over switch; therefore, a new static and stray current release channel formed by the oil tanker, the ship side oil delivery pipe, the emergency resistor and the shore side oil delivery pipe is formed, and the failure of an anti-static and anti-stray current path is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of ship-to-shore oil and gas (hazardous chemicals) transportation safety monitoring, in particular to a ship-to-shore oil pipeline safety monitoring and emergency response system. Background Art

[0002] In the traditional operation mode of ship-to-shore connection for various chemical tankers and various oil tankers, eliminating static electricity and good grounding are closely related to the safety and reliability of the production process. The stray current and unsafe release of static electricity caused by the potential difference between the hull and the land during the ship-to-shore connection can easily lead to fires in oil tankers and explosions in oil (gas) pipelines for loading and unloading hazardous chemicals, which seriously threaten the production safety of oil tankers, docks, and port areas. In order to avoid the above-mentioned dangers, an anti-static and anti-stray current insulating flange or hose (or non-conductive short pipe) must be provided at the ship-to-shore connection. The anti-static and anti-stray current insulating flange or hose is connected between the ship-side oil pipeline and the shore-side oil pipeline to ensure that no arc sparks and explosions caused by arc sparks will be generated. However, the anti-static and anti-stray current insulating flange is exposed to the outdoors for a long time, and the resistance value caused by the sun and rain may fail and be unqualified, which eventually leads to excessive resistance between the ship and the shore, or even insulation, interruption of the static electricity release path, causing static electricity accumulation, and failure of the anti-static and anti-stray current safety paths. Utility Model Content

[0003] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a ship-to-shore oil pipeline safety monitoring and emergency response system to address the above technical problems and avoid failure of anti-static and anti-stray current paths.

[0004] The utility model provides a ship-to-shore oil pipeline safety monitoring and emergency response system, comprising:

[0005] Emergency resistance, equivalent to the resistance of the insulating flange;

[0006] Flange measurement circuit, used to detect the resistance at both ends of the insulating flange;

[0007] A first electronic switch connected to the flange measurement circuit for connecting or disconnecting the emergency resistor between the tail end of the ship-side oil pipeline and the start end of the shore-side oil pipeline;

[0008] When the resistance of the insulating flange is greater than a first threshold, the first electronic conversion switch connects the emergency resistor between the tail end of the ship-side oil pipeline and the start end of the shore-side oil pipeline.

[0009] In one of the embodiments, the first electronic switch disconnects from the flange measurement circuit when the emergency resistor is connected.

[0010] In one embodiment, the safety monitoring and emergency system also includes a first terminal and a second terminal, the first terminal is connected to the flange measurement circuit through the first electronic conversion switch, and is used to connect to the tail end of the ship side oil pipeline, the second terminal is connected to the connection end of the emergency resistor and the flange measurement circuit, and is used to connect to the starting end of the shore side oil pipeline or the grounding bus circuit, and the other end of the emergency resistor is connected to the first electronic conversion switch.

[0011] In one embodiment, the safety monitoring and emergency system further includes a lightning protection device, and the lightning protection device is connected between the first terminal and the second terminal.

[0012] In one embodiment, the safety monitoring and emergency system also includes a ship side measurement circuit and a second electronic conversion switch, the ship side measurement circuit is used to detect the resistance at both ends of the ship side oil pipeline, and the second electronic conversion switch is used to short-circuit the ship side oil pipeline when the resistance at both ends of the ship side oil pipeline is greater than a second threshold value.

[0013] In one embodiment, the safety monitoring and emergency system further includes a third terminal, which is connected to a connection terminal of the second electronic switching switch and a ship-side measurement circuit and is used to connect to a starting end of the ship-side oil pipeline.

[0014] In one embodiment, the other end of the second electronic switch is connected to the first terminal and the ship-side measurement circuit.

[0015] In one embodiment, the safety monitoring and emergency system also includes a shore measurement circuit and a third electronic conversion switch, wherein the shore measurement circuit is used to detect the resistance at both ends of the shore oil pipeline, and the third electronic conversion switch is used to short-circuit the shore oil pipeline when the resistance at both ends of the shore oil pipeline is greater than a third threshold value.

[0016] In one embodiment, the safety monitoring and emergency system further includes a fourth terminal, which is connected to a connection terminal between the third electronic switching switch and a shore-side measurement circuit and is used to connect to a starting end of a shore-side oil pipeline.

[0017] In one embodiment, the other end of the third electronic conversion switch is connected to the ground bus circuit and the shore-side measurement circuit.

[0018] The above-mentioned ship-to-shore oil pipeline safety monitoring and emergency system detects the resistance at both ends of the insulating flange through the flange measurement circuit. When the resistance at both ends of the insulating flange is greater than the first threshold value, the insulating flange can no longer provide a release channel for static electricity and stray current. At this time, the first electronic conversion switch connects the emergency resistor between the tail end of the ship-side oil pipeline and the beginning of the shore-side oil pipeline, thereby forming a new static electricity and stray current release channel composed of the tanker, the ship-side oil pipeline, the emergency resistor and the shore-side oil pipeline, avoiding the failure of the anti-static and anti-stray current paths, thereby ensuring that no arc sparks and deflagrations will be generated in an emergency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, a brief introduction will be given below to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a ship-to-shore oil pipeline safety monitoring and emergency system according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a ship-to-shore oil pipeline safety monitoring and emergency system according to another embodiment of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiment of the utility model clearer, the technical solution in the embodiment of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiment of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiment is a part of the embodiment of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiment of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0023] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another component, it may be directly on the other component or there may also be a central component. When a component is considered to be "connected to" another component, it may be directly connected to the other component or there may be a central component at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used in the specification of the utility model are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only implementation method.

[0024] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present utility model, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0025] In the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being “above” or “below” a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly in contact with the second feature, or the first feature and the second feature are indirectly in contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being “above”, “above” or “above” a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being “below”, “below” or “below” a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0026] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in the specification of the present utility model have the same meaning as those commonly understood by technicians in the technical field of the present utility model. The terms used in the specification of the present utility model are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present utility model. The term "and / or" used in the specification of the present utility model includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.

[0027] In the traditional operation mode of ship-to-shore connection for various chemical tankers and oil tankers, eliminating static electricity and good grounding are closely related to the safety and reliability of the production process. The stray current and unsafe release of static electricity caused by the potential difference between the hull and the land during ship-to-shore connection can easily lead to fires in oil tankers and explosions in oil (gas) pipelines for loading and unloading hazardous chemicals, which seriously threatens the production safety of oil tankers, docks, and port areas.

[0028] In order to avoid the above dangers, the ship-shore connection must be equipped with an anti-static and anti-stray current insulating flange or hose (or non-conductive short pipe). The insulating flange or hose is connected between the ship-side oil pipeline and the shore-side oil pipeline. The ship-side oil pipeline is the oil pipeline on the side of the ship with the insulating flange, and the shore-side oil pipeline is the oil pipeline on the side of the shore with the insulating flange. The resistance of the insulating flange or hose must meet the following requirements: not less than 25KΩ and not more than 2500KΩ (the Chinese standard resistance value will also fluctuate with different national standards, for example: not less than 1KΩ, or not less than 10MΩ. But the lowest limit is 1KΩ, and the highest limit does not exceed 1000MΩ) or not less than 1KΩ (for example: ISGOTT "International Oil Tanker and Oil Terminal Safety Guide" and other international standards), so that the instantaneous stray current generated by the natural potential difference between the ship and the shore becomes very small due to the above-mentioned "safe" resistance connected between the ship and the shore, thereby ensuring that no arc sparks and possible explosions caused by arc sparks will be generated. However, this method still has dangers, for example: 1) The anti-static and anti-stray current insulating flange is exposed to the outdoors for a long time, and the resistance value caused by the sun and rain may fail and become unqualified, which will eventually lead to excessive resistance between the ship and the shore, or even insulation, and cannot effectively reduce the risk of loading and unloading between the ship and the shore, and cannot effectively release static electricity; 2) The "non-conductive hose" or "insulated hose" used for ship-shore connection will become corrosive after long-term use, resulting in excessive resistance or even insulation, thereby interrupting the static electricity release path; 3) The oil arms and oil pipelines on the opposite shore and the opposite ship end will also become corrosive after long-term use, resulting in excessive grounding resistance or even insulation, interrupting the static electricity release path, causing static electricity accumulation, excessive stray current and lightning protection grounding resistance, resulting in failure of the safety path of anti-static, anti-stray current and lightning protection grounding.

[0029] GB13348-2009 "Electrostatic Safety Regulations for Liquid Petroleum Products", JTS158-2019 "Design Fire Protection Code for Oil and Gas Chemical Terminals" of the Ministry of Transport, ISGOTT "International Oil Tanker and Oil Terminal Safety Guide" and other domestic and foreign standards require that the insulation flanges between ship-shore transmission pipelines and the electrical continuity of the ship and the opposite shore should be checked regularly. The commonly used resistance threshold for this electrical continuity is 10Ω (depending on different applicable occasions and national standards, the resistance value can also be 4Ω, 30Ω, 100Ω, etc.), GB / T3836.26-2019 "Explosive Atmosphere Part 26: Guide to Electrostatic Hazards" points out: If the equipotential / grounding system is all metal, the resistance on the continuous grounding path is generally less than 10Ω. If the resistance is large, it usually indicates that the metal path is not continuous. It is usually caused by loose connections or corrosion.

[0030] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new type of "insulating flange", "non-conductive hose" or "insulating hose" method and technology for ship-to-shore transmission pipelines, which can provide a safe release channel for static electricity and stray current, or even a safe release channel for lightning protection, when detecting defects such as excessive resistance or even insulation in ship-to-shore transmission pipelines.

[0031] Combine the following Figure 1 and Figure 2 The utility model describes a ship-to-shore oil pipeline safety monitoring and emergency system.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment, a ship-to-shore oil pipeline safety monitoring and emergency system includes an emergency resistor R, a flange measurement circuit 110 and a first electronic conversion switch K1.

[0033] The resistance of the emergency resistor R is equivalent to the resistance of the insulating flange, and is used as an alternative resistor to provide a safe release channel for static electricity and stray current in an emergency.

[0034] The flange measurement circuit 110 is used to detect the resistance at both ends of the insulating flange 60 to determine whether the insulating flange 60 meets the requirements.

[0035] The first electronic switch K1 is connected to the flange measurement circuit 110, and is used to connect or disconnect the emergency resistor R between the tail end of the ship-side oil pipeline 50 and the beginning of the shore-side oil pipeline 70. Preferably, the beginning of the ship-side oil pipeline 50 has an insulating hose, and the beginning and tail ends of the ship-side oil pipeline 50 are both provided with special connection points (columns). Optionally, the ship-side oil pipeline 50 can also be a ship-side gas pipeline or a ship-side pipeline for transporting other chemicals, and the shore-side oil pipeline 70 can also be a shore-side gas pipeline or a shore-side pipeline for transporting other chemicals.

[0036] When the resistance of the insulating flange 60 is greater than the first threshold, the first electronic switch K1 connects the emergency resistor R between the tail end of the ship-side oil pipeline 50 and the beginning of the shore-side oil pipeline 70. The first threshold is the maximum resistance allowed by the insulating flange 60.

[0037] Optionally, when the emergency resistor R is connected, the first electronic switch K1 is disconnected from the flange measurement circuit 110 to disconnect the flange measurement circuit 110 from detecting the resistance at both ends of the insulating flange 60 .

[0038] The ship-to-shore oil pipeline safety monitoring and emergency system of this embodiment detects the resistance at both ends of the insulating flange 60 through the flange measurement circuit 110. When the resistance at both ends of the insulating flange 60 is greater than the first threshold value, the insulating flange 60 can no longer provide a safe release channel for static electricity and stray current. At this time, the first electronic conversion switch K1 connects the emergency resistor R between the tail end of the ship-side oil pipeline 50 and the beginning end of the shore-side oil pipeline 70, thereby forming a new static electricity and stray current release channel composed of the tanker 80, the ship-side oil pipeline 50, the emergency resistor R and the shore-side oil pipeline 70, avoiding the failure of the anti-static and anti-stray current paths, thereby ensuring that no arc sparks and resulting deflagration will be generated in an emergency.

[0039] like Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment, the ship-to-shore oil pipeline safety monitoring and emergency system further includes a first terminal 120 and a second terminal 130. The first terminal 120 is connected to the flange measurement circuit 110 through the first electronic conversion switch K1, and is used to be connected to the tail end of the ship-side oil pipeline 50. The second terminal 130 is connected to the connection end of the emergency resistor R and the flange measurement circuit 110, and is used to be connected to the beginning of the shore-side oil pipeline 70 (see Figure 1 ) or grounding bar circuit PE. When the flange measurement circuit 110 detects the resistance at both ends of the insulating flange, the second terminal 130 is connected to the beginning of the shore-side oil pipeline 70. When the detected resistance of the insulating flange 60 is greater than the first threshold, the second terminal 130 can be connected to the grounding bar circuit PE to form a release channel for static electricity and stray current composed of the ship-side oil pipeline 50 and the emergency resistor R. The other end of the emergency resistor R is connected to the first electronic conversion switch K1.

[0040] In this embodiment, the safety monitoring and emergency system further includes a lightning protection device 140 , which is connected between the first terminal 120 and the second terminal 130 to ensure that the insulating flange or the non-conductive hose is not damaged by lightning.

[0041] In this embodiment, the safety monitoring and emergency system also includes a ship-side measurement circuit 150 and a second electronic conversion switch K2. The ship-side measurement circuit 150 is used to detect the resistance at both ends of the ship-side oil pipeline 50. The second electronic conversion switch K2 is used to short-circuit the ship-side oil pipeline 50 when the resistance at both ends of the ship-side oil pipeline 50 is greater than a second threshold value, so as to short-circuit the ship-side oil pipeline 50 when the resistance value of the ship-side oil pipeline 50 is too large, so that static electricity has a safe release channel.

[0042] Preferably, the safety monitoring and emergency system further includes a third terminal 160, which is connected to the connection end of the second electronic conversion switch K2 and the ship-side measurement circuit 150, and is used to connect the start end of the ship-side oil pipeline 50, and can also be used to connect the terminal of the tanker 80. Optionally, the other end of the second electronic conversion switch K2 is connected to the first terminal 120 and the ship-side measurement circuit 150.

[0043] In this embodiment, the safety monitoring and emergency system further includes a shore-side measurement circuit 170, a third electronic conversion switch K3 and a fourth terminal 180. The shore-side measurement circuit 170 is used to detect the resistance at both ends of the shore-side oil pipeline 70. The third electronic conversion switch K3 is used to short-circuit the shore-side oil pipeline 70 when the resistance at both ends of the shore-side oil pipeline 70 is greater than a third threshold value, so that static electricity has a safe release channel. The fourth terminal 180 connects the connection end of the third electronic conversion switch K3 and the shore-side measurement circuit 170, and is used to connect the starting end of the shore-side oil pipeline 70. The other end of the third electronic conversion switch K3 is connected to the grounding bus circuit PE and the shore-side measurement circuit 170.

[0044] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0045] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the utility model, and the description is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the utility model. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this field, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the utility model, which all belong to the protection scope of the utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of the utility model shall be based on the attached claims.

Claims

1. A ship-to-shore oil pipeline safety monitoring and emergency response system, characterized in that: include: Emergency resistance, equivalent to the resistance of the insulating flange; Flange measurement circuit, used to detect the resistance at both ends of the insulating flange; A first electronic switch connected to the flange measurement circuit for connecting or disconnecting the emergency resistor between the tail end of the ship-side oil pipeline and the start end of the shore-side oil pipeline; When the resistance of the insulating flange is greater than a first threshold, the first electronic conversion switch connects the emergency resistor between the tail end of the ship-side oil pipeline and the start end of the shore-side oil pipeline.

2. The ship-to-shore oil pipeline safety monitoring and emergency response system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first electronic conversion switch disconnects the flange measurement circuit when the emergency resistor is connected.

3. The ship-to-shore oil pipeline safety monitoring and emergency response system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The safety monitoring and emergency system also includes a first terminal and a second terminal. The first terminal is connected to the flange measurement circuit through the first electronic conversion switch and is used to be connected to the tail end of the ship-side oil pipeline. The second terminal is connected to the connection end of the emergency resistor and the flange measurement circuit and is used to connect to the starting end of the shore-side oil pipeline or the grounding bus circuit. The other end of the emergency resistor is connected to the first electronic conversion switch.

4. The ship-to-shore oil pipeline safety monitoring and emergency response system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The safety monitoring and emergency system further comprises a lightning protection device, and the lightning protection device is connected between the first wiring terminal and the second wiring terminal.

5. The ship-to-shore oil pipeline safety monitoring and emergency response system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The safety monitoring and emergency system also includes a ship-side measurement circuit and a second electronic conversion switch. The ship-side measurement circuit is used to detect the resistance at both ends of the ship-side oil pipeline. The second electronic conversion switch is used to short-circuit the ship-side oil pipeline when the resistance at both ends of the ship-side oil pipeline is greater than a second threshold value, so that static electricity has a safe release channel.

6. The ship-to-shore oil pipeline safety monitoring and emergency response system according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The safety monitoring and emergency system also includes a third terminal, which is connected to the connection end of the second electronic switching switch and the ship-side measurement circuit and is used to connect to the starting end of the ship-side oil pipeline.

7. The ship-to-shore oil pipeline safety monitoring and emergency response system according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The other end of the second electronic conversion switch is connected to the first terminal and the ship side measurement circuit.

8. The ship-to-shore oil pipeline safety monitoring and emergency response system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The safety monitoring and emergency system also includes a shore measurement circuit and a third electronic conversion switch. The shore measurement circuit is used to detect the resistance at both ends of the shore oil pipeline. The third electronic conversion switch is used to short-circuit the shore oil pipeline when the resistance at both ends of the shore oil pipeline is greater than a third threshold value, so that static electricity has a safe release channel.

9. The ship-to-shore oil pipeline safety monitoring and emergency response system according to claim 8 is characterized in that: The safety monitoring and emergency system also includes a fourth terminal, which is connected to the connection end of the third electronic conversion switch and the shore-side measurement circuit and is used to connect to the starting end of the shore-side oil pipeline.

10. The ship-to-shore oil pipeline safety monitoring and emergency response system according to claim 9 is characterized in that: The other end of the third electronic conversion switch is connected to the grounding bus circuit and the shore-side measurement circuit.

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