Accessory quick-changing device for excavator and excavator

Abstract

The utility model provides an accessory quick-change device for an excavator and the excavator, the accessory quick-change device comprises a connecting seat used for being hinged with a bucket rod and a push rod of the excavator, the connecting seat is provided with a front clamping groove and a rear clamping groove, and the front clamping groove and the rear clamping groove are respectively used for clamping a first hook shaft and a second hook shaft of an accessory; the movable clamping hook is rotationally connected with the connecting seat, and when the accessory and the connecting seat are in a connected state, the movable clamping hook locks the second hook shaft in the rear clamping groove; the limiting component is arranged on the connecting base, the limiting component is rotationally connected with the connecting base, the limiting component is located on one side of the movable clamping hook, and the limiting component is used for conducting circumferential positioning on the movable clamping hook. According to the accessory quick-changing device, the safety in the accessory changing process is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of heavy machinery, in particular to an attachment quick-change device for an excavator and the excavator. Background Art

[0002] During the construction process of the excavator on site, different attachments are often replaced according to the actual working conditions and work content. The traditional method of manually replacing attachments is not only labor-intensive and time-consuming, but also the frequent removal of attachments can easily cause damage to the related connection parts of the working device. This situation has greatly promoted the research and development of quick-change devices for excavator attachments. The more commonly used attachment replacement methods on the market can be roughly divided into two categories: mechanical and hydraulic.

[0003] In the prior art, the mechanical attachment quick-change method generally uses connecting parts such as screws or bolts to disassemble, install and tighten the attachments. For example, when disassembling the attachment, it is necessary to use a wrench to loosen the screw or bolt, and use the screw transmission to disengage the lock tongue and then remove the attachment; when installing the attachment, it is necessary to adjust the lock tongue and the attachment limit axis to a suitable position, and then use a wrench to twist the screw or bolt to clamp the lock tongue to the attachment; this mechanical attachment quick-change method requires special tools such as wrenches to assist in the operation when replacing the attachment, so the efficiency is low, and after long-term high-intensity work, the connecting parts are prone to failure, fracture, deformation or damage, etc., which poses certain safety hazards. Although the hydraulic attachment quick-change method improves the replacement efficiency, it increases the manufacturing cost because it needs to modify the excavator oil circuit and hydraulic system to realize related functions; and the addition of the quick-change hydraulic system makes the control system of the whole machine more complicated, and there is a risk of uncoupling due to the driver's misoperation of the oil circuit switch. Therefore, it can be seen that the mechanical or hydraulic quick-change attachment transposition in the prior art has the disadvantage of low safety during the attachment replacement process; therefore, how to improve the safety during the attachment replacement process is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, the utility model provides an attachment quick-change device for an excavator and an excavator to solve one or more technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] According to one aspect of the utility model, a quick-change device for an attachment of an excavator is disclosed, and the quick-change device for an attachment comprises:

[0006] A connecting seat, used for articulating connection with the dipper arm and the push rod of the excavator, the connecting seat having a front clamping slot and a rear clamping slot, the front clamping slot and the rear clamping slot being used for clamping a first hook shaft and a second hook shaft of the attachment respectively;

[0007] An active hook is rotatably connected to the connecting seat, and when the attachment and the connecting seat are in a connected state, the active hook locks the second hook shaft in the rear slot;

[0008] A limiting component is arranged on the connecting seat and is rotatably connected to the connecting seat. The limiting component is located on one side of the movable hook and is used for circumferentially positioning the movable hook.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present invention, the attachment quick-change device comprises:

[0010] A telescopic supporting component has one end fixed on the connecting seat and the other end abutting against the movable hook.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present invention, the telescopic support component is a pneumatic telescopic rod.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present utility model, the limiting component has an arc-shaped protrusion, and the movable hook has an arc-shaped groove, and the arc-shaped protrusion cooperates with the arc-shaped groove to perform circumferential positioning on the movable hook.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present invention, the curvature of the arc-shaped protrusion is different from the curvature of the arc-shaped groove.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present invention, the rotating shaft of the movable hook and the rotating shaft of the limiting component are eccentrically arranged, and the telescopic supporting component and the limiting component are respectively arranged on both sides of the rotating shaft of the movable hook.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present invention, the movable hook has a handle mounting hole for mounting a rotating handle.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present invention, the rotating handle is a tubular structure.

[0017] In some embodiments of the present invention, the angle between the notch direction of the front card slot and the notch direction of the rear card slot is 60 degrees to 120 degrees; and / or

[0018] The attachment is a bucket.

[0019] According to another aspect of the utility model, an excavator is also disclosed, wherein the excavator adopts the attachment quick-change device for the excavator as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0020] The attachment quick-change device in the embodiment of the utility model has a front slot and a rear slot on the connection seat for installing the first hook shaft and the second hook shaft of the attachment, and the second hook shaft can be locked in the rear slot by rotating the movable hook clockwise, and the second hook shaft of the attachment can be disengaged from the rear slot by rotating the movable hook counterclockwise. This structure can conveniently install and remove the attachment only by rotating the movable hook, without the need for special tools such as wrenches, so the attachment replacement efficiency is high. In addition, the attachment quick-change device does not require frequent disassembly of connecting parts such as screws or bolts, and does not require the addition of a hydraulic quick-change system, thereby improving safety during the attachment replacement process.

[0021] In addition, the attachment quick-change device realizes the positioning of the movable hook through the telescopic support component and the limiting component, which further improves the working stability of the attachment quick-change device.

[0022] Additional advantages, purposes, and features of the present invention will be partially described in the following description, and will become partially apparent to those skilled in the art after studying the following, or may be learned from the practice of the present invention. The purposes and other advantages of the present invention can be achieved and obtained by the structures specifically pointed out in the written description and its claims and the drawings.

[0023] Those skilled in the art will understand that the purposes and advantages that can be achieved by the present invention are not limited to the above specific description, and the above and other purposes that can be achieved by the present invention will be more clearly understood based on the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, constitute a part of the present application, and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. The components in the drawings are not drawn to scale, but are only for the purpose of illustrating the principles of the present invention. In order to facilitate the illustration and description of some parts of the present invention, the corresponding parts in the drawings may be enlarged, that is, they may become larger relative to other components in the exemplary device actually manufactured according to the present invention. In the drawings:

[0025] Figure 1 It is a first structural schematic diagram of an attachment quick-change device for an excavator according to an embodiment of the utility model.

[0026] Figure 2 It is a second structural schematic diagram of an attachment quick-change device for an excavator according to an embodiment of the utility model.

[0027] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A front view of the attachment quick changer is shown.

[0028] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the state when the attachment quick-change device locks the second hook shaft.

[0029] Figure 5 The utility model is a schematic diagram of a state in which a quick-change device for an attachment is connected to a dipper arm and a push rod of an excavator according to an embodiment of the utility model.

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a first state in which an accessory quick-change device is connected to an accessory according to an embodiment of the utility model.

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a second state in which the accessory quick-change device is connected to the accessory according to an embodiment of the utility model.

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a third state in which the accessory quick-change device is connected to an accessory according to an embodiment of the utility model.

[0033] Fig. 9 The figure is a schematic diagram of the rotation direction of the limiting component of the attachment quick-change device according to one embodiment of the utility model.

[0034] Reference numerals:

[0035] Connecting seat 100, dipper arm 001, push rod 002, bucket 003, front slot 110, rear slot 120, first hook shaft 003-1, second hook shaft 003-2, movable hook 200, limiting component 300, pneumatic telescopic rod 400, arc-shaped protrusion 310, arc-shaped groove 210, rotating handle 500, locking screw 600, limiting bolt 700 DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiment of the utility model more clear, the embodiment of the utility model is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Here, the illustrative embodiment of the utility model and its description are used to explain the utility model, but are not used as a limitation of the utility model.

[0037] It should be noted here that in order to avoid obscuring the present invention due to unnecessary details, only the structures and / or processing steps closely related to the scheme according to the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, while other details that are not closely related to the present invention are omitted.

[0038] It should be emphasized that the terms “include / comprises / has” when used herein refer to the presence of features, elements, steps or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, steps or components.

[0039] It should also be noted that the directional nouns in this specification are relative to the position directions shown in the drawings; if there is no special explanation, the term "connection" in this article can refer to not only direct connection, but also indirect connection with an intermediate. Direct connection means that two parts are connected without the help of an intermediate part, and indirect connection means that two parts are connected with the help of other parts.

[0040] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals represent the same or similar components.

[0041] Figure 1 This is a first structural schematic diagram of an attachment quick-change device for an excavator according to an embodiment of the utility model. Figure 2 This is a second structural schematic diagram of an attachment quick-change device for an excavator according to an embodiment of the utility model, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The accessory quick-change device at least includes a connecting seat 100, a movable hook 200 and a limiting component 300.

[0042] Among them, the connecting seat 100 is used to be hingedly connected with the dipper arm 001 and the push rod 002 of the excavator, and the connecting seat 100 is provided with a front slot 110 and a rear slot 120, and the front slot 110 and the rear slot 120 are respectively used to clamp the first hook axis 003-1 and the second hook axis 003-2 of the accessory; the movable hook 200 is rotatably connected to the connecting seat 100, and when the accessory and the connecting seat 100 are in a connected state, the movable hook 200 locks the second hook axis 003-2 in the rear slot 120; the limiting component 300 is arranged on the connecting seat 100, and the limiting component 300 is rotatably connected to the connecting seat 100, and the limiting component 300 is located on one side of the movable hook 200, and the limiting component 300 is used to circumferentially position the movable hook 200.

[0043] like Figure 3 As shown, the top of the connection seat 100 has two shaft sleeves, which are respectively used to be sleeved on the outside of the bucket arm shaft and the push rod shaft, so that the connection seat 100 is rotatably connected with the bucket arm 001 and the push rod 002 through the shaft. The front clamping groove 110 and the rear clamping groove 120 are both arranged at the bottom of the connection seat 100. Since the front clamping groove 110 and the rear clamping groove 120 are respectively used to clamp the first hook shaft 003-1 and the second hook shaft 003-2 of the attachment, the size of the front clamping groove 110 and the size of the rear clamping groove 120 are respectively adapted to the size of the first hook shaft 003-1 and the size of the second hook shaft 003-2.

[0044] In addition, in order to realize the rotation connection between the active hook 200 and the connecting seat 100, a rotating shaft is provided between the active hook 200 and the connecting seat 100. Figure 4 , the rotating shaft between the movable hook 200 and the connecting seat 100 can be set at one end of the movable hook 200, and the hook body of the movable hook 200 is located at the other end. When the first hook shaft 003-1 and the second hook shaft 003-2 of the accessory are respectively connected to the front slot 110 and the rear slot 120 of the connecting seat 100, the hook body of the movable hook 200 locks the second hook shaft 003-2 in the rear slot 120 to prevent the second hook shaft 003-2 from falling off from the rear slot 120, thereby completing the fixation of the accessory. Exemplarily, the angle between the notch direction of the front slot 110 and the notch direction of the rear slot 120 is 60 degrees to 120 degrees, such as Figure 3 As shown, the notch of the front slot 110 faces leftward, while the notch of the rear slot 120 faces downward. This arrangement facilitates the installation of the first hook shaft 003-1 and the second hook shaft 003-2 of the accessory.

[0045] Similarly, in order to realize the rotational connection between the limiting component 300 and the connecting seat 100, the limiting component 300 and the connecting seat 100 are also connected via a rotating shaft. At this time, the rotating shaft of the limiting component 300 is located on one side of the rotating shaft of the active hook 200. When the active hook 200 locks the second hook shaft 003-2 in the rear slot 120, the limiting component 300 presses against the active hook 200 to prevent the active hook 200 from rotating, so that the limiting component 300 realizes the circumferential positioning of the active hook 200. In some other embodiments, a limiting bolt 700 may also be provided on the connecting seat 100, and the limiting bolt 700 is located on one side of the rear slot 120; Figure 4 As shown, the limiting bolt 700 is located at the lower left corner of the movable hook 200 , and the limiting component 300 is located at the upper right corner of the movable hook 200 .

[0046] In some embodiments of the utility model, the attachment quick-change device further includes a telescopic support component, one end of which is fixed to the connecting seat 100 and the other end is in contact with the movable hook 200. In this embodiment, the telescopic support component is used to further ensure the stability of the movable hook 200. For example, when the movable hook 200 is in Figure 4 When the movable hook 200 is in the state shown in the figure, the end of the telescopic support component abuts against the movable hook 200, which can prevent the movable hook 200 from loosening; and when the attachment needs to be installed or removed, the hook body of the movable hook 200 is rotated counterclockwise. At this time, the hook body angle of the movable hook 200 is changed, and the telescopic support component supports the movable hook 200 to prevent the movable hook 200 from rotating due to its own weight, thereby keeping the movable hook 200 in the preset state.

[0047] Exemplarily, the telescopic support component is a pneumatic telescopic rod 400, one end of which is fixedly connected to the connecting seat 100, and the other end of which is in contact with the movable hook 200. Specifically, a rotating shaft sleeve is provided on the outside of the rotating shaft of the movable hook 200, and at this time, the rotating shaft sleeve has an abutment surface at a position matching the end of the pneumatic telescopic rod 400, so that the end of the pneumatic telescopic rod 400 abuts against the abutment surface. It can be understood that the type of telescopic support component listed in this embodiment is only an example, and other structures can also be used in other embodiments to achieve the support of the movable hook 200.

[0048] In one embodiment, the limiting component 300 has an arc-shaped protrusion 310, and the movable hook 200 has an arc-shaped groove 210, and the arc-shaped protrusion 310 cooperates with the arc-shaped groove 210 to perform circumferential positioning on the movable hook 200. Figure 4 The limiting component 300 is specifically located on the right side of the active hook 200. At this time, the rotating shaft of the active hook 200 is eccentrically arranged with the rotating shaft of the limiting component 300, and the telescopic support component and the limiting component 300 are respectively arranged on both sides of the rotating shaft of the active hook 200. Among them, the top right side of the active hook 200 has an arc-shaped groove 210, and the left end of the limiting component 300 has an arc-shaped protrusion 310, which is located in the arc-shaped groove 210. In order to enable the limiting component 300 to position the active hook 200 circumferentially, Figure 4 The arc-shaped protrusion 310 and the arc-shaped groove 210 shown in the figure are arranged such that as the counterclockwise rotation angle of the limiting component 300 increases, the contact force between the arc-shaped protrusion 310 of the limiting component 300 and the arc-shaped groove 210 of the movable hook 200 gradually increases until the limiting component 300 locks the movable hook 200. In order to achieve this function, the arc surface curvature of the arc-shaped protrusion 310 and the arc surface curvature of the arc groove 210 can be arranged to be different.

[0049] In one embodiment, in order to facilitate the rotation of the active hook 200, a handle mounting hole for mounting the rotating handle 500 may be provided on the active hook 200. In this case, the rotating handle 500 is mounted in the handle mounting hole, and the rotation of the active hook 200 can be realized by operating the rotating handle 500. In order to make the operation more labor-saving, the handle mounting hole can be set on the rotating shaft sleeve outside the rotating shaft of the active hook 200. In addition, the rotating handle 500 can be a tubular structure. In this case, when the active hook 200 needs to be rotated, the rotating handle 500 can be installed in the handle mounting hole, and when the active hook 200 is rotated in place, the rotating handle 500 can be further removed from the handle mounting hole.

[0050] When the attachment quick-change device in the above embodiment is used, the connecting seat 100 is first connected to the dipper arm 001 and the push rod 002 of the excavator. The connection diagram is shown in FIG. Figure 5 Then install the rotating handle 500 into the handle installation hole, and operate the rotating handle to rotate the movable hook counterclockwise about 45 degrees. At this time, the rear slot 120 on the connecting seat 100 is in the open state, and the state of the movable hook 200 is as shown in FIG. Figure 6 shown.

[0051] Further, the first hook shaft 003-1 of the attachment is installed in the front slot 110, and the dipper arm 001 of the excavator is operated to adjust the position and angle of the dipper arm 001 so that the attachment can be moved according to the Figure 7 As the attachment rotates counterclockwise, the second hook shaft 003-2 of the attachment is inserted into the rear slot 120 of the connecting seat 100 until the second hook shaft 003-2 is completely fitted with the rear slot 120. Figure 8 The handle 500 is rotated in the direction shown until the hook body of the movable hook 200 is clamped on the second hook shaft 003-2 of the attachment and the second hook shaft 003-2 is locked in the rear slot 120. At this time, the limiting bolt 700 on the connecting seat 100 also limits the movable hook 200. Fig. 9 The limiting component 300 is rotated in the rotation direction shown, so that the arc-shaped boss on the limiting component 300 presses against the movable hook 200 to prevent the movable hook 200 from loosening. In addition, in order to further improve the stability of the movable hook 200, after the movable hook 200 is rotated into place, it can also be locked by a locking screw 600. In the above embodiment, the attachment can be specifically a bucket 003.

[0052] Correspondingly, the utility model also provides an excavator, which adopts the quick-changing device for excavator accessories as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0053] Through the above embodiments, it can be found that the accessory quick-change device has a simple structure and is easy to operate, and the movable hook is circumferentially positioned by a limiting component, which makes the locked movable hook more secure and safer. The accessory quick-change device improves the efficiency of accessory replacement, reduces the failure rate of the excavator, and improves the safety during the accessory replacement process.

[0054] In the present invention, features described and / or illustrated for one embodiment may be used in the same manner or in a similar manner in one or more other embodiments, and / or combined with features of other embodiments or replace features of other embodiments.

[0055] The above-listed embodiments show and describe the basic principles and main features of the utility model, but the utility model is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. Any modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the utility model by those skilled in the art without making any creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the technical solution of the utility model.

Claims

1. A quick-change device for attachments of an excavator, characterized in that: The attachment quick-change device comprises: A connecting seat, used for articulating connection with the dipper arm and the push rod of the excavator, the connecting seat having a front clamping slot and a rear clamping slot, the front clamping slot and the rear clamping slot being used for clamping a first hook shaft and a second hook shaft of the attachment respectively; An active hook is rotatably connected to the connecting seat, and when the attachment and the connecting seat are in a connected state, the active hook locks the second hook shaft in the rear slot; A limiting component is arranged on the connecting seat and is rotatably connected to the connecting seat. The limiting component is located on one side of the movable hook and is used for circumferentially positioning the movable hook.

2. The attachment quick-change device for an excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The attachment quick-change device comprises: A telescopic supporting component has one end fixed on the connecting seat and the other end abutting against the movable hook.

3. The attachment quick-change device for an excavator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The telescopic support component is a pneumatic telescopic rod.

4. The attachment quick-change device for an excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting component is provided with an arc-shaped protrusion, and the movable hook is provided with an arc-shaped groove. The arc-shaped protrusion cooperates with the arc-shaped groove to perform circumferential positioning on the movable hook.

5. The attachment quick-change device for an excavator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The curvature of the arc-shaped protrusion is different from the curvature of the arc-shaped groove.

6. The attachment quick-change device for an excavator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rotating shaft of the movable hook is eccentrically arranged with respect to the rotating shaft of the limiting component, and the telescopic supporting component and the limiting component are respectively arranged on both sides of the rotating shaft of the movable hook.

7. The attachment quick-change device for an excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable hook is provided with a handle mounting hole for mounting a rotating handle.

8. The attachment quick-change device for an excavator according to claim 7, characterized in that: The rotating handle is a tubular structure.

9. The attachment quick-change device for an excavator according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The angle between the notch direction of the front card slot and the notch direction of the rear card slot is 60 degrees to 120 degrees; and / or The attachment is a bucket.

10. An excavator, characterized in that: The excavator adopts the attachment quick-change device for the excavator as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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