Distribution network traveling wave positioning device

Abstract

The utility model provides a distribution network traveling wave positioning device. The switch is arranged on a distribution network line; the device comprises a power frequency signal acquisition module, a traveling wave signal acquisition module, an optical fiber communication module and a main control module, the power frequency signal acquisition module acquires power frequency voltage and power frequency current on a distribution network line; the traveling wave signal acquisition module acquires an initial fault traveling wave signal on a distribution network line; when the main control module receives the initial fault traveling wave signal, a first pulse signal is sent to a main station through the optical fiber communication module, and whether a fault exists in a distribution network line where the distribution network traveling wave positioning device is located or not is judged based on the power frequency voltage and the power frequency current received at the moment; and if the fault exists, a second pulse signal is sent to the master station through the optical fiber communication module, so that the master station determines the position of the fault point according to the line topology structure of the distribution network and the time when the first pulse signals are received. According to the utility model, the clock synchronization precision of the line double-end device can be ensured, and the fault point positioning precision is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of power distribution network line detection, in particular to a power distribution network traveling wave positioning device. Background Art

[0002] For a long time, the development of my country's distribution network has lagged behind, with prominent problems such as weak grid structure, long power supply radius, and aging equipment. As the end of the power grid, the distribution network directly faces users, and its operating performance is very important. With the development of society, people's requirements for power quality are getting higher and higher, and safe and reliable power supply plays an increasingly important role in social livelihood.

[0003] Existing distribution network traveling wave fault location devices are mainly used in urban lines. All equipment on the line uses Beidou or GPS (Global Positioning System) for time synchronization. After a fault occurs, the equipment collects the current traveling wave signal and marks it with a time stamp, and sends the data to the master station via wireless 4G / 5G for fault diagnosis. However, the above devices are not suitable for environments such as mountainous areas and mining areas with poor signals. In this environment, the clock synchronization accuracy of the equipment at both ends of the line cannot be guaranteed, the ranging error is large, and the ranging result is unreliable. Utility Model Content

[0004] The embodiment of the utility model provides a distribution network traveling wave positioning device to solve the problem that the current distribution network traveling wave fault device cannot guarantee the clock synchronization accuracy of line double-end devices in a poor signal environment and the fault point positioning accuracy is low.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the utility model provides a distribution network traveling wave positioning device, which is arranged on a distribution network line, and the distribution network traveling wave positioning device includes:

[0006] Power frequency signal acquisition module, traveling wave signal acquisition module, optical fiber communication module and main control module;

[0007] The power frequency signal acquisition module, the traveling wave signal acquisition module and the optical fiber communication module are respectively connected to the main control module;

[0008] The power frequency signal acquisition module collects the power frequency voltage and power frequency current on the distribution network line, and transmits the power frequency voltage and power frequency current to the main control module;

[0009] The traveling wave signal acquisition module acquires the initial fault traveling wave signal on the distribution network line and transmits the initial fault traveling wave signal to the main control module;

[0010] When the main control module receives the initial fault traveling wave signal, it sends a first pulse signal to the main station through the optical fiber communication module, and based on the industrial frequency voltage and industrial frequency current received at this time, it determines whether there is a fault in the distribution network line where the distribution network traveling wave positioning device is located; if there is a fault, a second pulse signal is sent to the main station through the optical fiber communication module, so that the main station can determine the location of the fault point according to the line topology of the distribution network and the time of each received first pulse signal.

[0011] In a possible implementation, the power frequency signal acquisition module includes a voltage sensor, a current sensor, and a voltage and current conditioning circuit;

[0012] The voltage sensor and the current sensor are connected to the voltage and current conditioning circuits respectively;

[0013] The voltage sensor collects the voltage signal on the distribution network line and transmits the voltage signal to the voltage and current conditioning circuit;

[0014] The current sensor collects the current signal on the distribution network line and transmits the current signal to the voltage and current conditioning circuit;

[0015] The voltage and current conditioning circuit conditions the voltage signal and the current signal to generate the power frequency voltage and the power frequency current, and transmits the power frequency voltage and the power frequency current to the main control module.

[0016] In a possible implementation, the voltage and current conditioning circuit includes a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a third capacitor, a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor and a first amplifier;

[0017] The inverting input terminal of the first amplifier is respectively connected to its output terminal, the main control module and the first end of the first resistor, the non-inverting input terminal is respectively connected to the first end of the second resistor and the first end of the third resistor, the ground terminal is respectively connected to the first end of the third capacitor and the negative voltage, and the power supply terminal is respectively connected to the first end of the first capacitor and the positive voltage;

[0018] The second end of the first resistor is grounded via a second capacitor;

[0019] The second end of the second resistor is connected to the voltage sensor and the current sensor respectively; the second end of the third resistor is grounded;

[0020] The second terminal of the first capacitor is grounded;

[0021] A second terminal of the third capacitor is grounded.

[0022] In a possible implementation, the traveling wave signal acquisition module includes a high-frequency traveling wave sensor and a traveling wave signal conditioning circuit;

[0023] The high frequency traveling wave sensor is connected to the traveling wave signal conditioning circuit;

[0024] The high-frequency traveling wave sensor collects the fault traveling wave signal on the distribution network line and transmits the fault traveling wave signal to the traveling wave signal conditioning circuit;

[0025] The traveling wave signal conditioning circuit conditions the fault traveling wave signal to generate an initial fault traveling wave signal, and transmits the initial fault traveling wave signal to the main control module.

[0026] In a possible implementation, the traveling wave signal conditioning circuit includes a second amplifier, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, a first diode, and a second diode;

[0027] The inverting input terminal of the second amplifier is respectively connected to the first end of the fourth resistor and the first end of the seventh resistor, the non-inverting input terminal is respectively connected to the first end of the fifth resistor and the first end of the sixth resistor, the power supply terminal is respectively connected to the second end of the seventh resistor and the positive voltage, the ground terminal is respectively connected to the second end of the sixth resistor and the negative voltage, and the output terminal is connected to the main control module;

[0028] The second end of the fourth resistor is respectively connected to the anode of the first diode, the anode of the second diode and the high-frequency traveling wave sensor;

[0029] The cathode of the first diode and the cathode of the second diode are grounded respectively;

[0030] A second terminal of the fifth resistor is grounded.

[0031] In a possible implementation, the optical fiber communication module includes an optical receiver and an optical transmitter;

[0032] The optical transmitter includes a light source, a driver and a modulator;

[0033] The optical transmitter receives the pulse signal sent by the main control module, and sends the pulse signal to the main station; wherein the pulse signal includes a first pulse signal and a second pulse signal.

[0034] In one possible implementation, the optical receiver includes a photodetector and an optical amplifier;

[0035] The optical receiver receives the control command sent by the master station and sends the control command to the main control module.

[0036] In a possible implementation, the distribution network traveling wave positioning device further includes a storage module, a reset circuit and a power supply module;

[0037] The storage module is connected to the main control module;

[0038] The reset circuit is connected to the main control module;

[0039] The power supply module is respectively connected with the main control module, the power frequency signal acquisition module, the traveling wave signal acquisition module, the optical fiber communication module, the storage module and the reset circuit.

[0040] In a possible implementation, if the main control module determines that there is no fault in the distribution network line where the distribution network traveling wave positioning device is located, the main control module sends a third pulse signal to the main station through the optical fiber communication module.

[0041] In a possible implementation, the first pulse signal is a triangular pulse signal with a peak value of 1V and a pulse width of 1ms;

[0042] The second pulse signal is a rectangular pulse signal with a peak value of 1V and a pulse width of 2ms;

[0043] The third pulse signal is a rectangular pulse signal with a peak value of 1V and a pulse width of 1ms.

[0044] The embodiment of the utility model provides a distribution network traveling wave positioning device, which communicates through optical fiber, and can ensure normal communication even in a poor signal environment, avoiding large clock synchronization gap errors of the distribution network traveling wave positioning device. When a distribution network line fails, the traveling wave signal acquisition module in the distribution network traveling wave positioning device can generate a first pulse signal. In order to avoid misjudgment, the power frequency signal acquisition module will collect the power frequency voltage and power frequency current in real time, so that the main control module can determine whether there is a real fault. If there is, the traveling wave signal acquisition module generates a second pulse signal; the main control module sends the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal to the main station respectively through the optical fiber communication module, and the main station determines the specific fault point in the distribution network line according to the received signal. The embodiment of the utility model uses optical fiber for communication to ensure the clock synchronization accuracy of the distribution network traveling wave positioning device, and at the same time combines the power frequency signal acquisition and the traveling wave signal acquisition to improve the accuracy of fault point detection in the distribution network line. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0046] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a distribution network traveling wave positioning device provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0047] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a voltage and current conditioning circuit provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0048] Figure 3It is a schematic diagram of a traveling wave signal conditioning circuit provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0049] Figure 4 This is a system architecture diagram of a distribution network traveling wave positioning device provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0050] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a distribution network traveling wave positioning device provided by another embodiment of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] In order to enable people in the technical field to better understand the present solution, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present solution will be clearly described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiment of the present solution. Obviously, the described embodiment is an embodiment of a part of the present solution, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present solution, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present solution.

[0052] The term "including" and any other variations in the specification and claims of this solution and the above drawings mean "including but not limited to", and is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions and is not limited to the examples listed in the text. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order.

[0053] The following is a detailed description of the implementation of the present invention in conjunction with the specific drawings:

[0054] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a distribution network traveling wave positioning device provided by an embodiment of the utility model. Figure 1 The distribution network traveling wave positioning device is arranged on the distribution network line, and the device comprises:

[0055] Power frequency signal acquisition module 1, traveling wave signal acquisition module 2, optical fiber communication module 3 and main control module 4.

[0056] The power frequency signal acquisition module 1 , the traveling wave signal acquisition module 2 and the optical fiber communication module 3 are respectively connected to the main control module 4 .

[0057] The power frequency signal acquisition module 1 acquires the power frequency voltage and power frequency current on the distribution network line, and transmits the power frequency voltage and power frequency current to the main control module 4 .

[0058] The traveling wave signal acquisition module 2 acquires the initial fault traveling wave signal on the distribution network line, and transmits the initial fault traveling wave signal to the main control module 4 .

[0059] When receiving the initial fault traveling wave signal, the main control module 4 sends a first pulse signal to the main station through the optical fiber communication module 3, and based on the industrial frequency voltage and industrial frequency current received at this time, determines whether there is a fault in the distribution network line where the distribution network traveling wave positioning device is located; if there is a fault, a second pulse signal is sent to the main station through the optical fiber communication module 3, so that the main station can determine the location of the fault point according to the line topology of the distribution network and the time of each received first pulse signal.

[0060] In this embodiment, in order to achieve accurate positioning of the fault point in the absence of GPS, 4G signals, etc., this embodiment proposes a distribution network traveling wave positioning device based on time synchronization. Specifically, a plurality of distribution network traveling wave positioning devices are arranged on the topological structure line of the distribution network line. The power frequency signal acquisition module 1 in each distribution network traveling wave positioning device can collect the power frequency voltage and power frequency current on the line where it is installed in real time, and send the collected power frequency voltage and power frequency current to the main control module 4 connected thereto in real time. When a fault occurs at a certain point in the distribution network line, an initial fault traveling wave signal will be generated at the fault point. The traveling wave signal acquisition module 2 in the distribution network traveling wave positioning device installed on the line of the fault point will collect the initial fault traveling wave signal at this time, and send the initial fault traveling wave signal at this time to the main control module 4 connected thereto. Upon receiving the initial fault traveling wave signal, the main control module 4 will immediately send a first pulse signal to the main station through the optical fiber communication module 3.

[0061] Since the initial fault traveling wave signal at this time may be caused by a misjudgment, when receiving the initial fault traveling wave signal, the main control module 4 will determine whether there is really a fault in the distribution network line where the distribution network traveling wave positioning device is located based on the power frequency voltage and power frequency current received at this time.

[0062] If the main control module 4 determines that the fault does exist, it sends a second pulse signal to the master station through the optical fiber communication module 3. The second pulse signal is equivalent to a fault confirmation signal, which enables the master station to start calculating the specific location of the fault point. The specific master station determines the specific location of the fault point in the following ways:

[0063] The master station determines each distribution network line according to the topological structure of the distribution network line. When the first pulse signal is received, the installation position of the distribution network traveling wave positioning device that sends the first pulse signal is determined, and the shortest fault interval in the distribution network line with the fault is determined according to the installation position. After the fault interval is determined, the length of the fault interval is determined according to the installation positions of the distribution network traveling wave positioning devices (hereinafter represented by A and B) installed at both ends of the fault interval, that is, the installation distance between A and B.

[0064] Then, based on the time when the first pulse signal sent by A and B arrives at the master station, and the transmission delay time of the uploaded pulses of A and B in the communication channel (determined by the actual length of the optical fiber), the time difference of the traveling wave generated by the fault point reaching the devices at both ends is obtained. The calculation formula of the time difference is:

[0065] △T=T M1 -T C1 -(T M2 -T C2 )

[0066] Among them, T M1 is the time when the first pulse signal sent by device A arrives at the master station; T M2 T is the time when the first pulse signal sent by device B arrives at the master station; C1 is the transmission delay time of device A; T C2 is the transmission delay time of device B.

[0067] Finally, the master station determines the location of the fault point based on the time difference, the length of the fault interval, and the speed of the traveling wave. The calculation formula for the location of the fault point is:

[0068] L1=(LV*△T) / 2

[0069] Wherein, L1 is the distance between the fault point and device A; L is the length of the fault interval; V is the speed of the traveling wave.

[0070] If the main control module 4 determines that the fault does not actually exist, a third pulse signal is sent to the master station through the optical fiber communication module 3. The third pulse signal is equivalent to a fault misjudgment determination signal, which is used to indicate that the master station does not need to perform fault point calculation.

[0071] In this embodiment, in order to accurately distinguish the first pulse signal, the second pulse signal and the third pulse signal, the first pulse signal can be a triangular pulse signal with a peak value of 1V and a pulse width of 1ms. The second pulse signal can be a rectangular pulse signal with a peak value of 1V and a pulse width of 2ms. The third pulse signal can be a rectangular pulse signal with a peak value of 1V and a pulse width of 1ms. It should be understood that this embodiment is only for explanation and description. In actual use, the first pulse signal, the second pulse signal and the third pulse signal can be set as needed.

[0072] In some embodiments, the power frequency signal acquisition module 1 may include a voltage sensor, a current sensor, and a voltage and current conditioning circuit.

[0073] The voltage sensor and the current sensor are connected to the voltage and current conditioning circuits respectively.

[0074] The voltage sensor collects the voltage signal on the distribution network line and transmits the voltage signal to the voltage and current conditioning circuit.

[0075] The current sensor collects the current signal on the distribution network line and transmits the current signal to the voltage and current conditioning circuit.

[0076] The voltage and current conditioning circuit conditions the voltage signal and the current signal to generate an industrial frequency voltage and an industrial frequency current, and transmits the industrial frequency voltage and the industrial frequency current to the main control module 4 .

[0077] In this embodiment, the power frequency signal acquisition module 1 can collect the voltage signal and current signal on the distribution network line in real time through the voltage sensor and current sensor therein, and transmit the collected voltage signal and current signal to the voltage and current conditioning circuit. The voltage and current conditioning circuit conditions the connected voltage signal and current signal, and outputs the power frequency voltage and power frequency current to the main control module 4.

[0078] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the voltage and current conditioning circuit provided by the embodiment of the utility model. For details of the voltage and current conditioning circuit, see Figure 2 :

[0079] The voltage and current conditioning circuit may include a first capacitor C1 , a second capacitor C2 , a third capacitor C3 , a first resistor R1 , a second resistor R2 , a third resistor R3 and a first amplifier.

[0080] The inverting input terminal of the first amplifier is respectively connected to its output terminal, the main control module 4 and the first end of the first resistor R1, the non-inverting input terminal is respectively connected to the first end of the second resistor R2 and the first end of the third resistor R3, the ground terminal is respectively connected to the first end of the third capacitor C3 and the negative voltage, and the power supply terminal is respectively connected to the first end of the first capacitor C1 and the positive voltage.

[0081] A second end of the first resistor R1 is grounded via a second capacitor C2.

[0082] The second end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the voltage sensor and the current sensor respectively; the second end of the third resistor R3 is grounded.

[0083] A second end of the first capacitor C1 is grounded. A second end of the third capacitor C3 is grounded.

[0084] In this embodiment, the voltage signal and current signal collected by the voltage sensor and the current sensor can be connected through the second end of the first resistor R1 (not marked in the figure), and after being conditioned by the voltage and current conditioning circuit, they are transmitted to the main control module 4 (not marked in the figure) through the output end of the first amplifier. Among them, the positive voltage can be +12V, and the negative voltage can be -12V, which can be set according to needs and are not limited here.

[0085] In some specific embodiments, the traveling wave signal acquisition module 2 may include a high-frequency traveling wave sensor and a traveling wave signal conditioning circuit.

[0086] The high-frequency traveling wave sensor is connected to the traveling wave signal conditioning circuit.

[0087] The high-frequency traveling wave sensor collects the fault traveling wave signal on the distribution network line and transmits the fault traveling wave signal to the traveling wave signal conditioning circuit.

[0088] The traveling wave signal conditioning circuit conditions the fault traveling wave signal to generate an initial fault traveling wave signal, and transmits the initial fault traveling wave signal to the main control module 4 .

[0089] In this embodiment, the high-frequency traveling wave sensor in the traveling wave signal acquisition module 2 can collect the fault traveling wave signal emitted by the fault point and transmit the fault traveling wave signal to the traveling wave signal conditioning circuit. After conditioning by the traveling wave signal conditioning circuit, the obtained initial fault traveling wave signal is output to the main control module 4.

[0090] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a traveling wave signal conditioning circuit provided by an embodiment of the utility model. Figure 3 :

[0091] The traveling wave signal conditioning circuit may include a second amplifier, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6, a seventh resistor R7, a first diode D1 and a second diode D2.

[0092] The inverting input terminal of the second amplifier is respectively connected to the first end of the fourth resistor R4 and the first end of the seventh resistor R7, the inverting input terminal is respectively connected to the first end of the fifth resistor R5 and the first end of the sixth resistor R6, the power supply terminal is respectively connected to the second end of the seventh resistor R7 and the positive voltage, the ground terminal is respectively connected to the second end of the sixth resistor R6 and the negative voltage, and the output terminal is connected to the main control module 4.

[0093] The second end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the anode of the first diode D1 , the anode of the second diode D2 , and the high-frequency traveling wave sensor respectively.

[0094] The cathode of the first diode D1 and the cathode of the second diode D2 are grounded respectively. The second end of the fifth resistor R5 is grounded.

[0095] In this embodiment, the high-frequency traveling wave sensor transmits the collected fault traveling wave signal to the second end of the fourth resistor R4 in the traveling wave signal conditioning circuit, and after conditioning by the traveling wave signal conditioning circuit, the output end of the second amplifier transmits the initial fault traveling wave signal to the main control module 4. The model of the second amplifier can be AD8138.

[0096] In some embodiments, the fiber optic communication module 3 may include an optical receiver 31 and an optical transmitter 32 .

[0097] The optical transmitter 31 may include a light source, a driver, and a modulator.

[0098] The optical transmitter 31 receives the pulse signal sent by the main control module 4 and sends the pulse signal to the master station; wherein the pulse signal includes a first pulse signal and a second pulse signal.

[0099] The optical receiver 32 may include a photodetector and an optical amplifier.

[0100] The optical receiver 32 receives the control instruction sent by the master station, and sends the control instruction to the main control module 4 .

[0101] Figure 4 This is a system architecture diagram of a distribution network traveling wave positioning device provided by the embodiment of the utility model. Figure 4 This embodiment is described:

[0102] In this embodiment, when a fault point exists in the distribution network line, the main control module 4 in the distribution network traveling wave positioning device at both ends of the fault point will send a pulse signal through the optical transmitter 31 therein. The master station can determine the specific location of the fault point based on the received pulse signal. Correspondingly, the master station can also send a control instruction to the main control module 4 through the optical receiver 32 in the distribution network traveling wave positioning device. Among them, the control instruction can control the distribution network traveling wave positioning device to restart, modify parameters, reset, etc.

[0103] Specifically, the optical transmitter 31 is a terminal for realizing electrical / optical conversion, which is composed of a light source, a driver and a modulator. It modulates the light wave emitted by the light source into a modulated light wave (pulse signal) through the electrical signal emitted by the main control module 4, and then couples the modulated light wave to the optical fiber and transmits it to the main station.

[0104] The optical receiver 32 is a terminal for realizing optical / electrical conversion, and is composed of a photodetector and an optical amplifier. It converts the control instructions sent by the master station received by the photodetector into electrical signals from the optical signals of the optical fiber, and then amplifies the weak electrical signals to a sufficient level through an amplifier circuit, and transmits them to the main control module 4.

[0105] Figure 5 : is a schematic diagram of the structure of a distribution network traveling wave positioning device provided by another embodiment of the utility model, such as Figure 5 As shown:

[0106] In a specific embodiment, the distribution network traveling wave positioning device may further include a storage module 5, a reset circuit 6 and a power supply module 7;

[0107] The storage module 5 is connected to the main control module 4 .

[0108] The reset circuit 6 is connected to the main control module 4 .

[0109] The power supply module 7 is respectively connected to the main control module 4, the power frequency signal acquisition module 1, the traveling wave signal acquisition module 2, the optical fiber communication module 3, the storage module 5 and the reset circuit 6, and is used to supply power to the main control module 4, the power frequency signal acquisition module 1, the traveling wave signal acquisition module 2, the optical fiber communication module 3, the storage module 5 and the reset circuit.

[0110] In this embodiment, the main control module 4 may be a field programmable gate array (FPGA).

[0111] The storage module 5 may include the SRAM and Flash of the main control module, and may also include an external NandFlash. The storage module may store the collected power frequency voltage, power frequency current, initial fault traveling wave signal, and related program data.

[0112] The power module 7 may include a coupling power supply circuit, a solar power supply circuit and a backup battery. When the distribution network line current is greater than the minimum current required for the coupling power supply, the device is powered by coupling power supply. At this time, if the backup battery does not reach the rated value, it is charged by solar energy. When the line current is less than, resulting in the line current being small and not meeting the minimum current required for the coupling power supply, the device is powered by solar energy and the backup battery.

[0113] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A distribution network traveling wave positioning device, characterized in that: Set up on the distribution network line; The distribution network traveling wave positioning device includes an industrial frequency signal acquisition module, a traveling wave signal acquisition module, an optical fiber communication module and a main control module; The power frequency signal acquisition module, the traveling wave signal acquisition module and the optical fiber communication module are respectively connected to the main control module; The power frequency signal acquisition module acquires the power frequency voltage and the power frequency current on the distribution network line, and transmits the power frequency voltage and the power frequency current to the main control module; The traveling wave signal acquisition module acquires the initial fault traveling wave signal on the distribution network line, and transmits the initial fault traveling wave signal to the main control module; When receiving the initial fault traveling wave signal, the main control module sends a first pulse signal to the main station through the optical fiber communication module, and determines whether there is a fault in the distribution network line where the distribution network traveling wave positioning device is located based on the power frequency voltage and the power frequency current received at this time; If there is a fault, a second pulse signal is sent to the master station through the optical fiber communication module, so that the master station determines the location of the fault point according to the line topology of the distribution network and the time of each received first pulse signal; Wherein, the power frequency signal acquisition module includes a voltage sensor, a current sensor and a voltage and current conditioning circuit; The voltage sensor and the current sensor are connected to the voltage and current conditioning circuits respectively; The voltage sensor collects the voltage signal on the distribution network line and transmits the voltage signal to the voltage and current conditioning circuit; The current sensor collects the current signal on the distribution network line and transmits the current signal to the voltage and current conditioning circuit; The voltage and current conditioning circuit conditions the voltage signal and the current signal to generate the power frequency voltage and the power frequency current, and transmits the power frequency voltage and the power frequency current to the main control module; Wherein, the traveling wave signal acquisition module includes a high-frequency traveling wave sensor and a traveling wave signal conditioning circuit; The high-frequency traveling wave sensor is connected to the traveling wave signal conditioning circuit; The high-frequency traveling wave sensor collects the fault traveling wave signal on the distribution network line, and transmits the fault traveling wave signal to the traveling wave signal conditioning circuit; The traveling wave signal conditioning circuit conditions the fault traveling wave signal to generate an initial fault traveling wave signal, and transmits the initial fault traveling wave signal to the main control module.

2. A distribution network traveling wave positioning device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The voltage and current conditioning circuit includes a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a third capacitor, a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor and a first amplifier; The inverting input terminal of the first amplifier is respectively connected to its output terminal, the main control module and the first end of the first resistor, the non-inverting input terminal is respectively connected to the first end of the second resistor and the first end of the third resistor, the ground terminal is respectively connected to the first end of the third capacitor and the negative voltage, and the power supply terminal is respectively connected to the first end of the first capacitor and the positive voltage; The second end of the first resistor is grounded through the second capacitor; The second end of the second resistor is connected to the voltage sensor and the current sensor respectively; the second end of the third resistor is grounded; The second end of the first capacitor is grounded; A second terminal of the third capacitor is grounded.

3. A distribution network traveling wave positioning device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The traveling wave signal conditioning circuit includes a second amplifier, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, a first diode and a second diode; The inverting input terminal of the second amplifier is respectively connected to the first end of the fourth resistor and the first end of the seventh resistor, the non-inverting input terminal is respectively connected to the first end of the fifth resistor and the first end of the sixth resistor, the power supply terminal is respectively connected to the second end of the seventh resistor and the positive voltage, the ground terminal is respectively connected to the second end of the sixth resistor and the negative voltage, and the output terminal is connected to the main control module; The second end of the fourth resistor is respectively connected to the anode of the first diode, the anode of the second diode and the high-frequency traveling wave sensor; The cathode of the first diode and the cathode of the second diode are grounded respectively; A second terminal of the fifth resistor is grounded.

4. A distribution network traveling wave positioning device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The optical fiber communication module includes an optical receiver and an optical transmitter; The optical transmitter includes a light source, a driver and a modulator; The optical transmitter receives the pulse signal sent by the main control module, and sends the pulse signal to the master station; wherein the pulse signal includes the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal.

5. A distribution network traveling wave positioning device as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The optical receiver includes a photodetector and an optical amplifier; The optical receiver receives the control instruction sent by the master station, and sends the control instruction to the main control module.

6. A distribution network traveling wave positioning device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The distribution network traveling wave positioning device also includes a storage module, a reset circuit and a power supply module; The storage module is connected to the main control module; The reset circuit is connected to the main control module; The power supply module is respectively connected to the main control module, the power frequency signal acquisition module, the traveling wave signal acquisition module, the optical fiber communication module, the storage module and the reset circuit.

7. A distribution network traveling wave positioning device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: If the main control module determines that there is no fault in the distribution network line where the distribution network traveling wave positioning device is located, it sends a third pulse signal to the master station through the optical fiber communication module.

8. A distribution network traveling wave positioning device as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The first pulse signal is a triangular pulse signal with a peak value of 1V and a pulse width of 1ms; The second pulse signal is a rectangular pulse signal with a peak value of 1V and a pulse width of 2ms; The third pulse signal is a rectangular pulse signal with a peak value of 1V and a pulse width of 1ms.

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