Omnibearing observation device for working face

Abstract

The utility model discloses an omnibearing observation device for a working face, which is characterized by comprising at least two groups of arrangement holes extending from a roadway to the inner side and the outer side of the working face, the arrangement holes are arranged side by side and form a fishbone-shaped structure, and the axes of the arrangement holes are located on the plane where the working face is located or located outside the plane where the working face is located. A test electrode string is further arranged in the arrangement hole, and the measuring end of the test electrode string is located in the arrangement hole and connected with an electrical method instrument. According to the utility model, the arrangement holes are constructed in the in-plane and out-plane bottom plates of the to-be-detected working surface at certain intervals in the roadway, and the test electrode strings are arranged in the arrangement holes, so that the arrangement holes are electrically connected with the electrical method instrument, and therefore, all-directional accurate detection of collapse column abnormity and associated hidden disasters or out-plane hidden geological abnormal bodies can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of coal mine subsidence column and associated hidden disaster detection equipment, and more specifically to an all-round observation device for a working face. Background Art

[0002] The soluble rocks such as limestone under the coal seam are dissolved by groundwater to produce cavities, which cause the overlying rock layer to fall and form a columnar collapse body called a collapse column. Due to the influence of changes in tectonic conditions and geostress conditions during the formation of collapse columns, faults are often developed around them. Concealed faults, broken zones and other unfavorable geological bodies associated with collapse columns or their surroundings may lead to aquifers or hidden disaster sources under mining disturbance conditions, which will pose a serious threat to the production safety of coal mines. Therefore, it is very necessary to conduct accurate and comprehensive exploration and dynamic monitoring of coal mine collapse columns and their surrounding hidden faults or broken zones.

[0003] Due to the limitations of underground space conditions in coal mines, the main geophysical methods for exploring the water-richness of collapse columns in mining working faces are transient electromagnetic method, audio frequency electro-perspective and direct current resistivity method. The transient electromagnetic method is greatly affected by metal interference such as iron, so it is difficult to obtain reliable and effective exploration results. The audio frequency electro-perspective method mainly obtains the resistivity distribution characteristics of a certain depth range under different frequency conditions through different frequencies, and cannot obtain the resistivity information under the three-dimensional space conditions of the working face. The current mine DC resistivity method mainly detects by laying electrodes and electrical survey lines on the bottom plate of a single or double lane of the working face. This layout method can only detect abnormal bodies under the bottom plate of the lane or within the working face, but cannot accurately explore and spatially locate abnormalities outside the lane and outside the working face, and cannot obtain the water-bearing conditions of the hidden faults or broken zones associated with the collapse column. Therefore, there is an observation blind spot for the precise positioning of the spatial distribution of geological anomalies around the coal mine working face. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is how to detect abnormal bodies outside the working surface.

[0005] The utility model solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical means: a working face all-round observation device, characterized in that it includes at least two groups of arrangement holes extending from the tunnel to the inside and outside of the working face, the arrangement holes are arranged side by side and form a fishbone structure, the axis of the arrangement holes is located in the plane where the working face is located or outside the plane where the working face is located, and a test electrode string is also provided in the arrangement hole, and the measuring end of the test electrode string is located in the arrangement hole and connected to the electrical instrument.

[0006] By constructing holes at certain intervals in the tunnel towards the in-plane and out-plane bottom plates of the working face to be detected (or monitored), and setting test electrode strings in the holes to connect them electrically to the electrical instrument, the collapse column anomaly and its associated hidden disasters or out-of-plane hidden geological anomalies can be accurately detected or monitored in all directions.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution, the arrangement holes are opened at an angle and form a depression angle with the horizontal plane of the bottom plate of the working surface.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution, the angle between the arrangement holes and the horizontal plane of the bottom plate of the working surface is 2 to 5 degrees.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution, the arrangement holes include first arrangement holes and second arrangement holes, the first arrangement holes form in-plane drilled holes, and the second arrangement holes form out-of-plane drilled holes.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution, the axis of the first arrangement hole is coaxial with the axis of the second arrangement hole.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution, the test electrode string includes a plurality of electrode sensors and a test cable, the plurality of electrode sensors are respectively located in the arrangement holes, and the electrode sensors are respectively electrically connected to the electrical instrument through the test cables.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution, it also includes a pushing tool, and the plurality of electrode sensors are fixedly connected to the pushing tool.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution, the electrode sensor is fixed to the arrangement hole by grouting coupling.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution, the distance between adjacent arrangement holes is less than 50m.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution, the electrode sensors are distributed equidistantly or non-equidistantly along the arrangement holes.

[0016] The advantages of the utility model are:

[0017] (1) In the utility model, holes are constructed at regular intervals in the tunnel toward the in-plane and out-plane bottom plates of the working face to be detected (or monitored), and test electrode strings are arranged in the holes to be electrically connected to the electrical instrument, so that all-round and accurate detection or monitoring of collapse column anomalies and their associated hidden disasters or out-of-plane hidden geological anomalies can be carried out.

[0018] (2) In the present invention, the fishbone-shaped observation system structure is set up to effectively extend the test range of the existing tunnel space, realize the three-dimensional, all-round and integrated exploration and monitoring of the tunnel, the floor inside and outside the surface, provide a target area for later management, save management costs, and at the same time, can carry out continuous dynamic monitoring of the mining process throughout the whole process, providing technical guarantee for the safe mining of the working face.

[0019] (3) In the utility model, by opening a plurality of drill holes on the arrangement hole, the problem of insufficient perspective distance of conventional intrinsically safe equipment for working faces with larger mining widths under the condition of (super) large mining widths can be effectively solved. At the same time, it has the significant advantage of "one hole for multiple views" and improving the utilization rate of drill holes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 The overall structural diagram provided for the embodiment 1 of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the electrode sensor detecting ray structure provided in Example 1 of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure provided by Example 2 of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the electrode sensor detecting ray structure provided in Example 2 of the utility model;

[0024] Figure numbers: 1. First arrangement of holes; 11. In-plane drilling holes; 2. Second arrangement of holes; 21. Out-plane drilling holes; 3. Test electrode string; 31. Test cable; 4. Electrical instrument; 5. Tunnel; 6. Working face cut; 7. Associated fault; 8. Rock fissure; 9. Collapse column; 10. Working face; a. Inside of the face; b. Outside of the face. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the utility model clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in combination with the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] See also Figure 1, a omnidirectional observation device for a working face, comprising a plurality of arrangement holes extending from a tunnel 5 to the inside and outside of a working face 10. In this embodiment, at least two groups of arrangement holes are provided, and the two groups of arrangement holes are holes opened from the tunnel 5 to the inside and outside of the working face 10, and include areas with complex and unknown geological conditions such as associated faults 7, rock fissures 8, and collapse columns 9. In this embodiment, arrangement holes are provided only in the tunnel 5 on one side of the working face 10. The arrangement holes are arranged side by side and form a fishbone structure. The axis of the arrangement holes is located in the plane where the working face is located or outside the plane where the working face is located, that is, parallel to or inclined to the plane where the working face is located. A test electrode string 3 is also provided in the arrangement hole, and the measuring end of the test electrode string 3 is located in the arrangement hole and is electrically connected to an electrical instrument 4.

[0028] It should be noted that, according to actual needs, holes are constructed at certain distances in the tunnel 5 towards the inner side a and the outer side b of the working face 10 to be detected (or monitored). The specific hole depth and drilling spacing are determined according to actual needs and on-site conditions. The horizontal spacing between two adjacent rows of holes inside or outside the surface is controlled within 50m as much as possible. Mainly to ensure the accuracy of joint imaging, the angle between the first arrangement hole 1 and the second arrangement hole 2 and the horizontal plane of the bottom plate of the working face 10 is controlled at 2-5° as much as possible, and is constructed at a depression angle to facilitate the installation of the subsequent test system and the coupling of grouting and sealing.

[0029] See also Figure 1 The angles between the in-plane drill hole 11 and the out-of-plane drill hole 21 and the tunnel 5, the number of electrode sensors in a single drill hole, and the number of rows of designed arrangement holes can all be adjusted according to actual conditions. The arrangement holes include a first arrangement hole 1 and a second arrangement hole 2. The first arrangement hole 1 forms the in-plane drill hole 11, and the second arrangement hole 2 forms the out-of-plane drill hole 21. In this embodiment, the axes of the first arrangement hole 1 and the second arrangement hole 2 are coaxial, but they may not be coaxial, and are not limited to this.

[0030] See also Figure 1 The test electrode string 3 includes a plurality of electrode sensors and a test cable 31. The plurality of electrode sensors are respectively arranged in the arrangement hole. The electrode sensors are equidistantly or non-equidistantly distributed along the arrangement hole. The electrode sensors are respectively electrically connected to the electrical method instrument 4 through the test cables 31. The electrode sensors and the test cables 31 constitute an electrical method sensing layer. When the electrode sensors are placed in the arrangement hole, they are bundled by a pushing tool (such as a PVC pipe) to form a hard connection between the sensing layer and the pushing tool. The plurality of electrode sensors are fixedly connected to the pushing tool. In this embodiment, the top is taken as an example, so as to ensure that the electrode spacing is fixed and can be smoothly pushed and installed to the designed position in the arrangement hole, and then grouting and sealing coupling are performed;

[0031] The electrical sensing layer collects and transmits data with the electrical instrument 4. In this embodiment, the electrical instrument 4 is a parallel electrical instrument or a high-density electrical instrument, so as to achieve the detection and monitoring of the target abnormal body, and can realize the full and all-round detection and monitoring of the collapse column 9 and the associated hidden disasters, so as to ensure the safety of the coal mine passing the collapse column 9.

[0032] Method of use: Before the working face 10 is mined, the arrangement of the above sensing layer and the connection of the cable with the electrical method instrument 4 can realize the three-dimensional and all-round exploration of the abnormal body of the collapse column 9, so as to accurately describe the size, scope and shape of the abnormality, thereby providing a target area for further governance, making the governance scope more targeted and saving governance costs. At the same time, the disasters associated with the collapse column 9 and the hidden abnormal bodies outside the surface can be checked and detected, realizing the three-dimensional and all-round integrated exploration of the tunnel 5, the floor inside the surface and the floor outside the surface;

[0033] After the associated abnormal bodies such as the collapse column 9 are treated, as the working face 10 continues to be mined, the dynamic change characteristics of the abnormalities after treatment under the influence of mining can be continuously monitored, and the treatment effect and the dynamic development process and risk level of the associated hidden disasters can be effectively monitored to prevent the associated disasters or the hidden abnormal bodies outside the surface from causing certain impacts on the safe mining of the working face 10;

[0034] In addition, since the formation of the water channel is usually a dynamic development process, there is often a phenomenon of delayed water inrush during the process of mining the working face 10. The above observation system can effectively solve this problem, because the electrodes are arranged in the hole, and the cable in the hole is not easy to be damaged during the mining process of the working face 10, and the survival rate is high. Therefore, after the mining of the working face 10, the sensing layer has good integrity. The problem of delayed water inrush in the goaf can be effectively monitored, so as to achieve full and all-round exploration and monitoring of the collapse column 9 and its associated hidden disasters before, during and after the mining of the working face 10, so as to ensure the safe mining of the working face 10.

[0035] Example 2

[0036] See also Figure 3 , Figure 4 The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that tunnels 5 are provided on both sides of the working surface 10, and a working surface cutting eye 6 is provided between the tunnels 5. Layout holes are provided on both sides of the two tunnels 5, namely, a first layout hole 1 and a second layout hole 2.

[0037] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A working surface all-round observation device, characterized in that: The invention comprises at least two groups of arrangement holes extending from a lane (5) to the inside of a working surface (10) and the outside of the working surface (10), wherein the arrangement holes are arranged side by side and form a fishbone structure, wherein the axis of the arrangement holes is located in the plane where the working surface (10) is located or is located outside the plane where the working surface (10) is located, and wherein a test electrode string (3) is also arranged in the arrangement hole, wherein the measuring end of the test electrode string (3) is located in the arrangement hole and is connected to an electrical method instrument (4).

2. The all-round observation device for a working surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arrangement hole is opened at an angle and forms a depression angle with the horizontal plane of the bottom plate of the working surface (10).

3. A working surface omnidirectional observation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The angle between the arrangement holes and the horizontal plane of the bottom plate of the working surface (10) is 2-5 degrees.

4. The all-round observation device for a working surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arrangement holes include a first arrangement hole (1) and a second arrangement hole (2), wherein the first arrangement hole (1) forms an in-plane drilled hole (11), and the second arrangement hole (2) forms an out-of-plane drilled hole (21).

5. The all-round observation device for a working surface according to claim 4, characterized in that: The axes of the first arrangement hole (1) and the second arrangement hole (2) are coaxial.

6. The all-round observation device for a working surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test electrode string (3) comprises a plurality of electrode sensors and a test cable (31); the plurality of electrode sensors are respectively located in the arrangement holes; and the electrode sensors are respectively electrically connected to the electrical instrument (4) via the test cables (31).

7. The all-round observation device for a working surface according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a pushing tool, and a plurality of electrode sensors are fixedly connected to the pushing tool.

8. The all-round observation device for a working surface according to claim 6, characterized in that: The electrode sensor and the arrangement hole are fixed by grouting coupling.

9. The all-round observation device for a working surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between adjacent arrangement holes is less than 50m.

10. The all-round observation device for a working surface according to claim 6, characterized in that: The electrode sensors are distributed along the arrangement hole with equal or non-equal spacing.

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