Composite soil-imitating sponge plant cultivation substrate structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a composite soil-imitating sponge plant culture medium structure which comprises a container, a culture medium is filled in the container, and the culture medium is a semi-perforated sponge capable of reducing the contact between the inside and the outside; nutrient substances needed by plant growth are filled between the semi-perforated sponge and the bottom of the container, a groove is formed in the area, located on the upper middle portion of the container, of the semi-perforated sponge, and the groove is filled with perforated soft foam sponge used for fixing plants and storing water. Hydrophilic substances for absorbing water from the porous soft foam sponge are dispersed in the semi-porous sponge. The flowerpot has the advantages of fast water absorption, long-term water storage, capability of providing nutrition and ventilation and the like which are suitable for the growth environment of plants.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a soil-imitation sponge matrix structure, in particular to a composite soil-imitation sponge plant cultivation matrix structure. Background Art

[0002] Using soil-like sponge composite materials as cultivation substrate is one of the main directions of the current development of soilless cultivation technology. Compared with traditional soil cultivation, soil-like sponge cultivation substrate can not only ensure the growth of plants, but also has the advantages of light weight, environmental protection, no pests and diseases, adjustable water storage, and long service life. It can meet the cultivation needs of various plants and is widely used in agriculture, greening, nurseries, gardening, potted plants and other fields.

[0003] However, the common soil-like sponge substrates on the market also have certain shortcomings. For example, the soft soil-like sponge substrate can only be used in water because of its rapid water absorption and dehydration rate; the polyurethane soil-like sponge absorbs water slowly, making it difficult for plants to survive in the early stages and having high costs; the carbon cotton soil-like substrate has good comprehensive qualities, but its high price and large dry-wet shrinkage ratio are not conducive to plant growth and popularization of its application. Utility Model Content

[0004] Purpose of the utility model: The purpose of the utility model is to provide a composite soil-imitation sponge plant cultivation matrix structure with fast water absorption and long water storage.

[0005] Technical solution: The composite soil-imitation sponge plant cultivation matrix structure described in the utility model includes a container, the interior of the container is filled with a cultivation matrix, and the cultivation matrix is ​​a semi-open-pored sponge that can reduce the contact between the interior and the outside world; the nutrients required for plant growth are filled between the semi-open-pored sponge and the bottom of the container, and the semi-open-pored sponge is provided with a groove in the upper middle area of ​​the container, and the groove is filled with an open-pored soft foam sponge for fixing plants and storing water; the semi-open-pored sponge is dispersed with hydrophilic substances for drawing water from the open-pored soft foam sponge.

[0006] The semi-open-porous sponge is at least one of hard polyurethane, prepolymer sponge or foamed cellulose; the pore size inside the semi-open-porous sponge is 0.01-0.2 mm, and the pores are connected or closed. The main body of the semi-open-porous sponge is filled in the container as a matrix, and the space between the matrix and the bottom and side of the container is filled with nutrients; an open hole is left on the top of the matrix for plant transplantation.

[0007] Among them, the open-pore soft foam sponge is at least one of polyvinyl alcohol, melamine or soft polyurethane; the open-pore soft foam sponge has interconnected pores, and the diameter of the pores is 0.05mm-0.5mm; the open-pore soft foam sponge is filled in the open holes left on the upper part of the semi-open-pore sponge to fix the transplanted plants.

[0008] Wherein, the hydrophilic substance is at least one of hydrogel, hydrophilic particles, plant fiber or peat soil; the hydrophilic substance is particles with a diameter less than 0.2 cm or blocks with a length less than 1 cm.

[0009] The nutrient is at least one of straw, dead wood, solid fertilizer or slow-release fertilizer; the nutrient is in powder, granular or block structure; the thickness of the nutrient layer at the bottom of the container is 0.2-3 cm.

[0010] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following significant effects: (1) A new type of composite imitation soil matrix is ​​made by utilizing the characteristics of different agricultural materials, which is not only conducive to the growth of plants, but also suitable for various common use environments, has the characteristics of long-term water storage and rapid water absorption, is simple and easy to use and widely applicable. (2) A semi-open-pored sponge is filled in the container as a cultivation matrix. The semi-open-pored sponge has the characteristics of few pores, which can reduce the channels for internal water to contact the outside world, thereby achieving the effect of long-term water storage. The hydrophilic material filled therein can utilize its hydrophilic properties to absorb water from the open-pored soft foam sponge and firmly lock the water in the imitation soil sponge matrix. (3) An open-pored soft foam sponge is provided in the cultivation matrix, which can effectively fix the plants on the imitation soil matrix and is not easy to damage the roots due to transplantation; the open-pored soft foam sponge has good air permeability, which helps the roots of the plants breathe, and also has extremely high water absorption, which can facilitate watering needs in various environments. (4) The nutrients laid on the bottom and sides of the container are isolated from the plants by a semi-open-pore sponge, and ion exchange is carried out in a humid environment to provide long-term supply to the plants. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the utility model when applied to potted plants;

[0012] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the utility model when applied to plane greening. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] The technical solution of the utility model is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the specification.

[0014] The utility model provides a composite soil-imitation sponge plant cultivation matrix structure, comprising a container 1, the interior of the container 1 is filled with a cultivation matrix, the cultivation matrix is ​​a semi-open-pored sponge 3 that can reduce the contact between the interior and the outside world; nutrients 2 required for plant growth are filled between the semi-open-pored sponge 3 and the side and bottom of the container 1, a groove is provided in the area of ​​the semi-open-pored sponge 3 located in the upper middle part of the container 1, and the groove is filled with an open-pored soft foam sponge 5 for fixing plants and storing water; hydrophilic substances 4 for drawing water from the open-pored soft foam sponge 5 are dispersed in the semi-open-pored sponge 3.

[0015] The pore diameter inside the semi-open-pore sponge 3 is 0.01-0.2 mm, and the pores are connected or closed. The open-pore soft foam sponge 5 has connected pores with a pore diameter of 0.05 mm-0.5 mm. The hydrophilic substance 4 is a particle with a diameter less than 0.2 cm or a block with a length less than 1 cm. The nutrient 2 is a powdery, granular or block structure. The thickness of the nutrient 2 at the bottom of the container 1 is 0.2-3 cm.

[0016] As a specific example, Figure 1 As shown, it is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the composite soil-imitation sponge plant cultivation matrix structure of the utility model for potted planting application. The container 1 includes an inverted cone-shaped shell made of ceramic material. The nutrient 2 is a slow-release fertilizer laid on the bottom of the container 1 with a laying thickness of 2 cm. The hydrophilic substance 4 is a hydrogel with a size of 80 mesh. The semi-open-pore sponge 3 is foamed cellulose with a pore diameter of 0.1 mm, and the pores are in a semi-open state. The open-pore soft foam sponge 5 is a melamine sponge open-pore soft foam sponge with a pore diameter of about 0.3 mm. In this embodiment, foamed cellulose mixed with hydrogel is laid on the slow-release fertilizer, and the upper part of the foamed cellulose is filled with a melamine sponge open-pore soft foam sponge to form a structure as shown in FIG. Figure 1 The cross-sectional structure of the potted plant structure shown. When transplanting plants, take out the perforated soft foam sponge 5, put the plants in, and then fill and fix them with the perforated soft foam sponge 5. The roots of the plants are placed in the grooves of the semi-perforated sponge and covered by the perforated soft foam sponge.

[0017] As another specific example, Figure 2 As shown, it is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the composite soil-imitation sponge plant cultivation matrix structure of the utility model for flat greening application, the container 1 includes an inverted cone-shaped shell made of plastic, the bottom and sides of which are paved with straw and dead wood, with a paving thickness of 1 cm, as nutrients 2; a prepolymer sponge mixed with peat soil is laid on the straw and dead wood, with a pore diameter of 0.2mm and a semi-open state between the pores, as a semi-open sponge 3; a polyvinyl alcohol open-pore soft foam sponge is filled on the upper part of the prepolymer sponge, with a pore diameter of 0.3mm, as an open-pore soft foam sponge 5; the formation is as follows Figure 2The cross-sectional structure of the plane greening shown in the figure. When transplanting plants, take out the perforated soft foam sponge 5, put the plants in, and then use the perforated soft foam sponge 5 to fill and fix.

[0018] The structure of Example 1 is recorded as a composite sponge, and the single semi-open-cell sponge in Example 1 is recorded as a conventional sponge, and several groups of experiments are set up for performance testing; wherein the structures of conventional sponges 1-3 are the same, and the structures of composite sponges 1-3 are the same. The test results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0019] Table 1

[0020]

[0021] As can be seen from Table 1, the composite sponge absorbs water faster than the conventional sponge, and the percentage of water content retained is also higher when left standing for the same time.

Claims

1. A composite soil-imitation sponge plant cultivation matrix structure, characterized in that: The container (1) comprises a container (1), wherein the container (1) is filled with a cultivation substrate, wherein the cultivation substrate is a semi-open-pored sponge (3) capable of reducing contact between the interior and the outside world; a nutrient substance (2) required for plant growth is filled between the semi-open-pored sponge (3) and the bottom of the container (1); a groove is provided in the upper middle portion of the semi-open-pored sponge (3) located in the container (1); the groove is filled with an open-pored soft foam sponge (5) for fixing the plant and storing water; and a hydrophilic substance (4) for absorbing water from the open-pored soft foam sponge (5) is dispersed in the semi-open-pored sponge (3).

2. The composite soil-imitation sponge plant cultivation matrix structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The semi-open-cell sponge (3) is at least one of hard polyurethane, prepolymer sponge or foamed cellulose.

3. The composite soil-imitation sponge plant cultivation matrix structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pore size inside the semi-open-pore sponge (3) is 0.01-0.2 mm.

4. The composite soil-imitation sponge plant cultivation matrix structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Nutrients (2) are filled between the semi-open-pore sponge (3) and the sides and bottom of the container (1).

5. The composite soil-imitation sponge plant cultivation matrix structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the pores inside the open-pore soft foam sponge (5) is 0.05 mm to 0.5 mm.

6. The composite soil-imitation sponge plant cultivation matrix structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pores inside the semi-open-pore sponge (3) are interconnected pores or closed pores; the pores inside the open-pore soft foam sponge (5) are interconnected pores.

7. The composite soil-imitation sponge plant cultivation matrix structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrophilic substance (4) is a particle with a diameter less than 0.2 cm or a block with a length less than 1 cm.

8. The composite soil-imitation sponge plant cultivation matrix structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nutrient (2) is in powder, granular or block structure.

9. The composite soil-imitation sponge plant cultivation matrix structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the nutrient material (2) layered on the bottom of the container (1) is 0.2-3 cm.

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