Machine tool

Abstract

The machine tool comprises a machine tool base, a cross beam, a sliding saddle and a spindle box, the cross beam is fixed to the machine tool base, the sliding saddle is arranged on the cross beam in a sliding mode, and the spindle box is installed on the sliding saddle in a sliding mode in the vertical direction; the linear motor is mounted between the spindle box and the sliding saddle; the balance assembly is fixed on the sliding saddle; the telescopic end of the balance assembly is connected with the spindle box, and the telescopic direction of the balance assembly is parallel to the sliding direction of the spindle box. The balance assembly counteracts the gravity of the spindle, movement inertia generated by movement of the spindle box is reduced, meanwhile, the linear motor is adopted, the system rigidity is improved, response is rapid, and positioning is more accurate at a high speed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of machine tools, in particular to a machine tool. Background Art

[0002] The drilling and tapping center is the most efficient and high-precision machine tool on the market that integrates cutting, drilling and tapping. It is derived from the traditional metal cutting machine tool - vertical machining center. It occupies a smaller area and has a smaller processing stroke than the traditional vertical machining center. It is mainly used for processing light and small metals. With the continuous development of high-tech industries such as national defense, aerospace, and automobiles, higher requirements are placed on the manufacturing and processing industries. The transmission system and the weight of the spindle box itself are key factors affecting accuracy and efficiency. The traditional drilling and tapping machine tool Z-axis feed transmission system uses dual drives to balance the weight of the spindle box. In addition, the traditional transmission system is subject to the physical limitations of the ball screw itself, and the resulting linear speed, acceleration and positioning accuracy are limited, which cannot meet the needs of ultra-high speed and ultra-precision. Utility Model Content

[0003] The main purpose of the utility model is to provide a machine tool, which realizes the deadweight balance of the spindle box, has small movement inertia of the machine tool, accurate positioning at high speed, unlimited working stroke and long service life.

[0004] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] A machine tool comprises a machine tool base, a crossbeam, a saddle and a spindle box, wherein the crossbeam is fixed on the machine tool base, the saddle is slidably arranged on the crossbeam, and the spindle box is vertically slidably mounted on the saddle; further comprising a linear motor mounted between the spindle box and the saddle and a balancing assembly fixed on the saddle; the telescopic end of the balancing assembly is connected to the spindle box, and the telescopic direction of the balancing assembly is parallel to the sliding direction of the spindle box.

[0006] In one embodiment of the utility model, the balancing assembly includes a balancing piece, a fixed bracket and a connecting bracket, the fixed bracket is arranged on the top of the saddle, the fixed end of the balancing piece is fixed on the fixed bracket, and the telescopic end of the balancing piece is connected to the spindle box through the connecting bracket.

[0007] In one embodiment of the utility model, it also includes a limit assembly, which includes a first limit block and a second limit block; the first limit block is arranged on the top of the saddle, and the second limit blocks are respectively arranged on the side walls of the bottom end of the saddle; the spindle box is provided with a limit part corresponding to the first limit block and the second limit block, and the vertical sliding stroke of the spindle box is limited by the cooperation between the first limit block, the second limit block and the limit part.

[0008] In an embodiment of the utility model, a buffer structure is respectively fixed to the first limit block and the second limit block on the side facing the spindle box, or a buffer structure is fixed to the limit portion of the spindle box.

[0009] In one embodiment of the utility model, a grating ruler is further included. The grating ruler is vertically fixed on the saddle, and the detection surface of the grating ruler faces the linear motor.

[0010] In one embodiment of the utility model, a protective cover assembly is included, and the protective cover assembly is used to protect the sliding saddle.

[0011] In one embodiment of the utility model, the protective cover assembly includes a first protective cover and a second protective cover, the first protective cover is provided on at least one side of the saddle, and the grating scale is located in the first protective cover; a second protective cover is provided at the bottom end of the saddle, and the linear motor is arranged above the second protective cover.

[0012] In one embodiment of the utility model, the linear motor includes a mover and a stator, the stator is fixed on the saddle and laid along the sliding direction of the main spindle box, the mover is fixed on the main spindle box through an adjustment block and is arranged opposite to the stator; the adjustment block is used to adjust the gap between the mover and the stator.

[0013] In one embodiment of the utility model, a tool magazine mounting frame is further included, wherein the tool magazine mounting frame includes a tool magazine mounting plate and a support plate connecting two ends of the tool magazine mounting plate, and the tool magazine mounting frame is mounted on the spindle box and fixed on the saddle.

[0014] In one embodiment of the utility model, the second protective cover is a telescopic protective cover, the fixed end of the second protective cover is connected to the bottom end of the slide saddle, the telescopic end of the second protective cover is fixed to the bottom end of the spindle box, and a guide rod is provided on the support plate for sliding guidance of the second protective cover.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0016] The utility model provides a machine tool that uses a balancing component to provide pulling force to the spindle box to offset the weight of the spindle box itself, thereby reducing the inertia of the spindle box during high-speed movement. In addition, the driving component is changed from the traditional "rotating motor ball screw" mechanism to a linear motor drive. Compared with the traditional drive, it has a simple structure, small motion inertia, high system rigidity, good rapid response characteristics, accurate positioning at high speed, and large thrust, especially when the speed and acceleration are higher than the ball screw. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall assembly structure of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model without the tool magazine mounting frame;

[0019] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Local schematic Figure 1 ;

[0020] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Local schematic Figure 2 ;

[0021] Figure 5 This is the assembly diagram of the linear motor and saddle.

[0022] Description of reference numerals:

[0023] 100, machine tool; 101, machine tool base; 102, crossbeam; 103, saddle; 104, spindle box; 200, linear motor; 201, mover; 202, stator; 300, balance assembly; 301, balance piece; 302, fixed bracket; 303, connecting bracket; 400, grating ruler; 500, protective cover assembly; 501, first protective cover; 502, second protective cover; 601, first limit block; 602a, first buffer structure; 602b, second buffer structure; 603, second limit block; 700, adjustment block; 800, tool magazine mounting frame; 801, tool magazine mounting plate; 802, support plate; 900, guide rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions from beginning to end. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0025] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that descriptions involving orientation, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0026] In the description of the present utility model, "several" means one or more, "more" means more than two, "greater than", "less than", "exceed" etc. are understood to exclude the number itself, and "above", "below", "within" etc. are understood to include the number itself. If there is a description of "first" or "second", it is only used for the purpose of distinguishing the technical features, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying the relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0027] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features.

[0028] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly stipulated and limited, the term "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection or a movable connection, a detachable connection or a non-detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or mutual communication; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be internal connection between two elements, indirect connection, or an interactive relationship between two elements.

[0029] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the utility model provides a machine tool;

[0030] A machine tool 100 comprises a machine tool base 101, a crossbeam 102, a saddle 103 and a spindle box 104. The crossbeam 102 is fixed on the machine tool base 101. The crossbeam 102 is a gate-shaped structure, and the crossbeam 102 is hollowed out to reduce the weight of the crossbeam 102. A double linear rail is arranged in the width direction of the working interval of the crossbeam 102. The saddle 103 is arranged in the working interval of the crossbeam 102 and can slide along the double linear rail on the crossbeam 102; the saddle 103 is also provided with a double linear rail in the height direction, and the spindle box 104 is installed on the saddle 103 and can slide along the double linear rail on the saddle 103; through the crossbeam 102 and the slide The double linear rails of the saddle 103 enable the spindle box 104 to process the workpiece in the up, down, left and right directions; it also includes a linear motor 200 that drives the spindle box 104 to slide, and the linear motor 200 drives the spindle box to slide back and forth in the vertical direction of the sliding saddle 103; the balancing component 300 is fixed on the sliding saddle 103; the telescopic end of the balancing component 300 is connected to the spindle box 104, and the telescopic direction of the balancing component 300 is parallel to the sliding direction of the spindle box 104, and the tension provided by the balancing component 300 is used to offset the gravity of the spindle box 104, thereby reducing the inertia generated by the spindle box 104 during movement.

[0031] In one embodiment of the utility model, the balancing assembly 300 also includes a balancing piece 301, a fixed bracket 302 and a connecting bracket 303, wherein the fixed bracket 302 is arranged at the top of the saddle 103, the fixed end of the balancing piece 301 is fixed on the fixed bracket 302, the telescopic end of the balancing piece 301 is connected to the spindle box 104 through the connecting bracket 303, wherein the balancing piece 301 can be a cylinder, the cylinder body of the cylinder is fixed to the middle position of the top of the saddle 103 through the fixed bracket 302, the telescopic end of the cylinder is vertically downward and fixedly connected to the spindle box 104 through the connecting bracket 303, the connecting bracket 303 increases the contact area between the telescopic end of the cylinder and the spindle box 104, increases the area where the cylinder provides pulling force, ensures that the spindle box 104 is subjected to uniform force, and prevents the driving end of the balancing piece 301 from directly contacting the spindle box 104 and damaging the spindle box 104.

[0032] In one embodiment of the utility model, it also includes a limit assembly, which includes a first limit block 601 and a second limit block 603; the first limit block 601 is arranged on the top of the slide saddle 103, and the second limit blocks 603 are respectively arranged on the side walls of the bottom end of the slide saddle 103; the spindle box 104 is provided with a limit part corresponding to the first limit block 601 and the second limit block 603, and the vertical sliding stroke of the spindle box 104 is limited by the cooperation between the first limit block 601 and the second limit block 603 and the limit part.

[0033] Among them, the first limit block 601 is fixed to the top of the saddle 103 by bolts and extends to the moving area of ​​the spindle box 104, and the second limit blocks 603 are fixed to the side walls on both sides of the bottom end of the saddle 103 by bolts, and the top and bottom side walls of the spindle box are provided with limiting parts corresponding to the first limit block 601 and the second limit block 603. In the process of the spindle box moving up and down, the first limit block 601, the second limit block 603 cooperate with the limiting parts to limit the moving position of the spindle box.

[0034] In one embodiment of the utility model, a buffer structure is also included; the buffer structure can be a rubber block, and the buffer structure includes a first buffer structure 602a and a second buffer structure 602b, the first buffer structure 602a is fixed on the first limit block 601, and the second buffer structure 602b is fixed on the second limit block 603, and the first buffer structure 602a and the second buffer structure 602b are both facing the side of the spindle box 104, or the limiting part of the spindle box 104 is fixed with the first buffer structure 602a and the second buffer structure 602b, so as to prevent the spindle box from rigidly contacting the first limit block 601 and the second limit block 603 during high-speed movement and damaging the spindle box 104 or the saddle 103.

[0035] In one embodiment of the utility model, a grating ruler 400 is further included to detect the moving coordinates of the spindle box 104, and timely feedback is provided to facilitate accurate control of the movement of the spindle box 104. The grating ruler 400 is vertically fixed on the saddle 103, and the detection surface of the grating ruler 400 faces the linear motor 200, which can prevent the magnetic attraction of the motor from affecting the grating ruler 400.

[0036] In one embodiment of the utility model, a protective cover assembly is included, which is used to protect the saddle 103; to prevent cutting fluid from entering the spindle box 104 and the interior of the saddle 103 from the side and bottom of the saddle 103, causing corrosion and damage to the slide rails, resulting in a loss of machining accuracy.

[0037] In one embodiment of the utility model, the protective cover assembly includes a first protective cover 501 and a second protective cover 502, and the first protective cover 501 is provided on at least one side of the saddle 103, and the grating ruler 400 is located in the first protective cover 501; to protect the grating ruler 400, a second protective cover 502 is provided at the bottom end of the saddle 103, and the linear motor 200 is arranged above the second protective cover 502.

[0038] In one embodiment of the utility model, the linear motor 200 includes a mover 201 and a stator 202, wherein the stator 202 is fixed on the saddle 103 and laid along the sliding direction of the spindle box 104, and the mover 201 is fixed on the spindle box 104 through an adjustment block 700 and is arranged opposite to the stator 202; the adjustment block 700 is used to adjust the gap between the mover 201 and the stator 202. During operation, the mover 201 moves on the double linear rails of the saddle 103 under the drive of the stator 202, thereby driving the spindle box 104 to move.

[0039] In one embodiment of the utility model, it also includes a tool magazine mounting frame 800, which includes a tool magazine mounting plate 801 and a support plate 802 connecting both ends of the tool magazine mounting plate 801. The tool magazine mounting frame 800 is mounted on the spindle box 104 and fixed on the saddle 103. The tool magazine is fixed to the tool magazine mounting frame 800 through the tool magazine mounting plate 801, which facilitates tool changing in the spindle box 104.

[0040] In one embodiment of the utility model, the second protective cover 502 is a telescopic protective cover, the fixed end of the second protective cover 502 is connected to the bottom end of the slide saddle 103, the telescopic end of the second protective cover 502 is fixed to the bottom end of the spindle box, the support plate 802 is provided with a guide rod 900, and the second protective cover 502 is provided with a through hole in the telescopic direction, the second protective cover 502 is slidably set on the guide rod 900 through the through hole, and when the spindle box 104 moves up and down, the telescopic end of the second protective cover 502 moves up and down with the spindle box 104, and the guide rod 900 guides the movement of the second protective cover 502.

[0041] The contents not described in detail in this specification belong to the prior art known to professional and technical personnel in this field.

[0042] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art may still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A machine tool, comprising a machine tool base (101), a crossbeam (102), a saddle (103) and a spindle box (104), wherein the crossbeam (102) is fixed on the machine tool base (101), the saddle (103) is slidably arranged on the crossbeam (102), and the spindle box (104) is slidably installed on the saddle (103) along the vertical direction; characterized in that: It also includes a linear motor (200) installed between the spindle box (104) and the slide saddle (103), and a balancing component (300) fixed on the slide saddle (103); the telescopic end of the balancing component (300) is connected to the spindle box (104), and the telescopic direction of the balancing component (300) is parallel to the sliding direction of the spindle box (104).

2. The machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that The balancing assembly (300) comprises a balancing member (301), a fixed bracket (302) and a connecting bracket (303); the fixed bracket (302) is arranged on the top of the slide saddle (103); the fixed end of the balancing member (301) is fixed on the fixed bracket (302); and the telescopic end of the balancing member (301) is connected to the spindle box (104) via the connecting bracket (303).

3. The machine tool according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: It also includes a limit assembly, which includes a first limit block (601) and a second limit block (603); the first limit block (601) is arranged on the top of the slide saddle (103), and the second limit blocks (603) are respectively arranged on the side walls of the bottom end of the slide saddle (103); the spindle box (104) is provided with a limit part corresponding to the first limit block (601) and the second limit block (603), and the vertical sliding stroke of the spindle box (104) is limited by the first limit block (601), the second limit block (603) and the limit part.

4. The machine tool according to claim 3, characterized in that The first limit block (601) and the second limit block (603) are respectively fixed with a buffer structure on the side facing the spindle box (104), or the limit portion of the spindle box (104) is fixed with a buffer structure.

5. The machine tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a grating ruler (400), which is fixed on the slide saddle (103) in the vertical direction, and the detection surface of the grating ruler (400) faces the linear motor (200).

6. The machine tool according to claim 5, characterized in that It comprises a protective cover assembly, and the protective cover assembly is used for protecting the sliding saddle (103).

7. The machine tool according to claim 6, characterized in that The protective cover assembly comprises a first protective cover (501) and a second protective cover (502); the first protective cover (501) is provided on at least one side of the saddle (103); the grating ruler (400) is located in the first protective cover (501); the second protective cover (502) is provided at the bottom end of the saddle (103); and the linear motor (200) is arranged above the second protective cover (502).

8. The machine tool according to claim 7, characterized in that The linear motor (200) comprises a mover (201) and a stator (202); the stator (202) is fixed on the saddle (103) and laid along the sliding direction of the main shaft box (104); the mover (201) is fixed on the main shaft box (104) through an adjustment block (700) and is arranged opposite to the stator (202); the adjustment block (700) is used to adjust the gap between the mover (201) and the stator (202).

9. The machine tool according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes a tool magazine mounting frame (800), which includes a tool magazine mounting plate (801) and a support plate (802) connecting the two ends of the tool magazine mounting plate (801). The tool magazine mounting frame (800) is mounted on the spindle box (104) and fixed on the saddle (103).

10. The machine tool according to claim 9, characterized in that The second protective cover (502) is a telescopic protective cover, the fixed end of the second protective cover (502) is connected to the bottom end of the slide saddle (103), the telescopic end of the second protective cover (502) is fixed to the bottom end of the spindle box, and a guide rod (900) is provided on the support plate (802) for sliding guidance of the second protective cover (502).

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